CN105134618B - A kind of centrifugal pump control method based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of centrifugal pump control method based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to centrifugal pump operational monitoring field, it is related to a kind of centrifugal pump control method based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic.The method comprises the steps：A the pressure fluctuation of () pump chamber gathers, obtain pressure fluctuation time domain；(b) pressure fluctuation spectrum analyses；(c) pressure fluctuation wideband frequency feature analysiss；D () wideband frequency composition changes over feature analysiss；E () centrifugal pump intracavity whirlpool is analyzed；F () centrifugal pump running status is adjusted.The present invention passes through to analyze pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic it may determine that whether there is the flow phenomenon such as vortex or vortex rope inside centrifugal pump, may determine that whether vortex is moved, and can reaction pump intracavity at regular time and quantity vortex form situation of change, can ensure that centrifugal pump inlet vortex motion is in ideal state, and then extend the service life of centrifugal pump, ensure that centrifugal pump has higher efficiency, energy efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to centrifugal pump operational monitoring field, it is related to a kind of centrifugal pump based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic
Control method.
Background technology
China's water pump quantity and installed power all rank first in the world.According to statistics, the general assembly acc power of pump is more than 9.5 hundred million kW,
Year power consumption tends to nearly 530,000,000,000 kW h, accounts for the 16% of national gross generation.In all kinds of pump-type, the quantity of centrifugal pump accounts for
More than 85%, it is widely used in the fields such as water conservancy, space flight, electric power, petrochemical industry, national economy plays vital effect.
In general, centrifugal pump, once running, is just inevitably generated time dependent pressure fluctuation.Pressure fluctuation
It is the major reason leading to water pump blade abrasion acceleration, vibration aggravation, Noise enhancement, water supply capacity decline and on-road efficiency to reduce
One of, it is to lead to pumping plant to be frequently updated the principal element transformed, even more puzzlement water pump is towards high-lift, high power development
Bottleneck.Evaluation currently for Pressure Fluctuation in Pump mainly to be carried out from Time-domain Statistics and two angles of frequency-domain analysiss, reference
Standard is mainly《Hydraulic (hydraulic turbine, storage pump and pump turbine) vibration and pulsation in-site measurement guide》(IEC
60994-1997), corresponding to Chinese standard it is《Hydraulic vibration and pulsation on-the-spot test code》(GB 17189-
1997).For pressure fluctuation frequency-domain analysis method, only it is confined to using fast fourier transform (FFT) analysis method, main
Eye is in the single-frequency compositions such as evaluation dominant frequency, secondary dominant frequency, such as leaf frequency, axle frequency and cavitation low frequency etc..
But, centrifugation pump pressure fluctuation there is likely to be the cline frequency band with high pressure amplitude, and in frequency domain figure
Assume " little small hill " shape.Up to the present, do not have scholar that this frequency content with broadband character is carried out more deep
Research, and existing pressure fluctuation system also cannot make evaluation to this frequency content.Additionally, the use of FFT method
Be based on collection pressure fluctuation data be stationary signal this it is assumed that being a kind of global change, the frequency being obtained by the method
Field result does not include temporal information.It is, therefore, usually considered that the frequency content in frequency domain figure does not change in time.With
Centrifugal pump interior flow field understanding is goed deep into, even if much research finds that, in operating point for design, double suction centrifugal pump half-spiral is inhaled
Still can there is a whirlpool with space-time transformation in hydroecium or spiral pressurized water chamber.The form of these vortexs over time when
Occur at quarter to change, or even vacillate.When centrifugal pump deviates declared working condition and runs, suction chamber or water inlet pipe vortex fluidised form will
More prominent.How quantitative analyses become a problem anxious to be resolved with monitoring these phenomenons.
Therefore, in order to disclose centrifugal pump intracavity, there is complex frequency composition, the phenomenon of vortex form moment change in time,
It is highly desirable to introduce and a kind of there are wideband frequency quantitative analyses and its frequency content changes over the new method of analysis.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind has wideband frequency quantitative analyses and its frequency content changes over analysis
Based on pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic analysis centrifugal pump control method, i.e. the pressure fluctuation of dose centrifugal pump intracavity vortex
Characteristic frequency, analysis frequecy characteristic composition and its characteristic over time immediately, using the method it is ensured that centrifugal pump inlet
Vortex motion is in ideal state, and then extends the service life of centrifugal pump it is ensured that centrifugal pump has higher efficiency, section
About energy consumption.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of centrifugal pump control method based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic, and the method includes as follows
Step：
A the pressure fluctuation of () pump chamber gathers, obtain pressure fluctuation time domain：
Pressure pulsation sensor is set in centrifugal pump test position, pressure pulsation sensor is by water pressure fluctuation signal output
To capture card, and digital signal is converted into by the processor being connected with capture card, this digital signal is exactly centrifugal pump detecting position
The pressure fluctuation time domain put；
(b) pressure fluctuation spectrum analyses：
The pressure fluctuation time domain of the centrifugal pump test position that step (a) is obtained carries out FFT, obtains pressure fluctuation
Frequency domain；
(c) pressure fluctuation wideband frequency feature analysiss：
The continuous broad band low frequency composition having high pressure amplitude in the pressure fluctuation frequency domain that step (b) is obtained carries out Gauss
Distribution envelope, matching obtains mid frequency and wideband frequency；
D () wideband frequency composition changes over feature analysiss：
Adaptive optimization and time-frequency distributions are carried out to the wideband frequency obtaining in step (c), obtains frequency and its amplitude
Change in time, extracts amplitude and is more than the frequency content of 50%～70% maximum intensity grade as ridge information, obtain it
Frequency content relation over time；
E () centrifugal pump intracavity whirlpool is analyzed：
The frequency content relation over time being obtained according to step (d), judges to whether there is vortex inside centrifugal pump
Or vortex rope flow phenomenon：When frequency is low, represent that vortex rope rotary speed is slower, vortex rope form is larger；When frequency is high, represent
Vortex rope rotary speed is very fast, and vortex rope form is less；Frequency by low change to high when, just the big vortex rope of explanation form is broken for multiple shapes
The little vortex rope of state；
F () centrifugal pump running status is adjusted：
According to the analysis result of step (e), the rotating speed of control valve or centrifugal pump, so that wideband frequency amplitude is diminished, bandwidth
Narrow, periodic evolution characteristic disappears；Centrifugal pump enters good running status.
Described centrifugal pump test position is centrifugal pump body suction chamber or inlet pipeline wall.
Described step (a) gathers centrifugal pump cavity pressure pulsation time-domain signal by following scheme：Enter in centrifugal pump body
Pressure tap is set near mouthful, pressure pulsation sensor is installed by connecting line, by corresponding acquisition hardware and software system, remember
Pressure fluctuation time-domain signal in record pump chamber.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is：
The fluctuating frequency of pressure performance characteristic that energy quantitative analyses centrifugal pump intracavity vortex of the present invention produces, provides vortex of vacillating
Size and major frequency components situation over time.
If the present invention only needs to do arrangement pressure pulsation sensor in pump housing suction chamber or inlet pipeline wall, pass through
Analysis pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic, it may determine that whether there is the flow phenomenon such as vortex or vortex rope inside centrifugal pump, can be sentenced
Whether disconnected vortex is moved, and can reaction pump intracavity at regular time and quantity vortex form situation of change；It is centrifuged to instructing
Pump stable operation has great importance；The proposition of the concept of pressure fluctuation " wideband frequency " in this method, time-frequency characteristic is analyzed
The introducing of method, enriches and perfect existing centrifugation pump pressure fluctuation appraisement system.Using the method it is ensured that centrifugal pump enters
Mouth vortex motion is in ideal state, and then extends the service life of centrifugal pump it is ensured that centrifugal pump has higher efficiency,
Energy efficient.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap of the centrifugal pump control method based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 gathers schematic diagram for pressure fluctuation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is pressure fluctuation time-domain diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is pressure fluctuation frequency domain figure of the present invention；
Fig. 5 defines wideband frequency method schematic diagram for the Gauss distribution envelope that the present invention adopts；
Fig. 6 is wideband frequency feature analysiss schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is time-frequency distributions schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is ridge information extracting method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference therein is：
1 pump housing
2 pressure taps
3 connecting lines
4 pressure pulsation sensor
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
The technical scheme is that point position specific in centrifugal pump, gather pressure fluctuation time-domain signal, to obtained
Pressure fluctuation time-domain signal carry out FFT (Fast Fourier Transformation), as fast Flourier becomes
Change, be the fast algorithm of discrete fourier transform, there is using Gauss distribution envelope the cline frequency band of high pressure amplitude, quantitatively obtain
Obtain the parameter such as its mid frequency, frequency bandwidth, using time-frequency distributions in modern digital signal analysis and and ridge information extraction technology
Provide the variation characteristic of not wideband frequency composition in the same time.
In the present invention, " wideband frequency " refers to the summation in frequency domain figure with the cline frequency of high pressure amplitude, becomes band
Distribution, typically exhibits " little small hill " shape.
As shown in Fig. 2 pressure fluctuation of the present invention gathers schematic diagram, pressure port 2 is set near centrifugal pump body 1 import,
Pressure pulsation sensor 4 is installed by connecting line 3, by corresponding acquisition hardware and software system, records the pressure in pump chamber
Pulsation time-domain signal.
As shown in figure 1, the skill of the centrifugal pump intracavity vortex analysis method based on pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic for the present invention
Art route map, the method comprising the steps of：
A the pressure fluctuation of () pump chamber gathers, obtain pressure fluctuation time domain：
Pressure pulsation sensor 4 is set in centrifugal pump test position, pressure pulsation sensor 4 will be defeated for water pressure fluctuation signal
Go out to capture card, and digital signal is converted into by the processor being connected with capture card, this digital signal is exactly centrifugal pump detection
The pressure fluctuation time domain of position.
As shown in figure 3, pressure fluctuation time-domain diagram of the present invention, abscissa is the time, and vertical coordinate is pressure fluctuation coefficient, in thing
Represent in reason, in certain instantaneous moment, the water that point position is experienced acts on, to sensor, the static pressure size producing, now quiet
Pressure value pressure fluctuation coefficient Cp represents,Wherein, u2For impeller outlet peripheral speed, m/s；piFor transient state
Static pressure, kPa；For average static pressure value, kPa；ρ is the density of water, kg/m3.
(b) pressure fluctuation spectrum analyses：
The pressure fluctuation time domain of the centrifugal pump test position that step (a) is obtained carries out FFT, obtains pressure fluctuation
Frequency domain.
It is illustrated in figure 4 pressure fluctuation frequency domain figure of the present invention, abscissa is frequency values, vertical coordinate is the width of respective frequencies
Value, it is found that there is the axle frequency of single-frequency composition in this frequency domain from Fig. 4, and the continuous width occurring of multiple frequency content
The frequency content of frequency.But pressure fluctuation frequency domain can only physically represent the institute that pressure fluctuation has within the time of test
There is frequency content, can not embody each frequency content is that when occur, and its sequencing occurring；So also needing to it
Carry out Gauss distribution envelope and further time-frequency distributions and ridge information retrieval.
(c) pressure fluctuation wideband frequency feature analysiss (vortex or the identification of vortex rope composition)：
The continuous wide band frequency having high pressure amplitude in the pressure fluctuation frequency domain that step (b) is obtained carries out Gauss distribution
Envelope, matching obtains mid frequency and wideband frequency；As shown in figure 5, the Gauss distribution that the present invention adopts defines wideband frequency side
Method schematic diagram, the cline frequency band in Fig. 40 to 40Hz carries out Gauss distribution envelope, and the formula of employing is：
Wherein x represents the frequency content of wideband frequency, and y represents the amplitude under this frequency corresponds to, y0For deviateing height, then wrap
Network result parameter xcIt is mid frequency, w is bandwidth, A is Gauss distribution envelope range value, e is the nature truth of a matter.This process is
The quantitation of wideband frequency general characteristic is defined, for comparing offer parameter between dissimilar whirlpool, sets y0For 0, pass through
Matlab multi-parameter fitting technology, obtains mid frequency xc, wideband frequency x, Gauss distribution envelope range value A.
As shown in fig. 6, wide band frequency characteristics of the present invention analyze schematic diagram, in result display frequency spectrum except axle frequency composition with
Outward, also there is a continuous broad band low frequency composition having high pressure amplitude, this broad band low frequency composition is intended by Fig. 5 definition
Close, it is 13.31Hz that matching obtains mid frequency, frequency bandwidth is the broad band low frequency frequency of 22Hz, as shown in phantom in FIG..Introduce
After wideband frequency concept, can quantitatively analyze this cline frequency band with continuous amplitude.Wideband frequency composition and shakiness
Fixed large scale vortex is relevant, and its form is likely to occur change over time, and then leads to its adjacent domain pressure fluctuation
Frequency changes.
D () wideband frequency composition changes over feature analysiss (vortex characteristic of vacillating analysis)：
Adaptive optimization and time-frequency distributions are carried out to the wideband frequency obtaining in step (c), obtains frequency and its amplitude
Change in time, extracts amplitude and is more than the frequency content of 50%～70% maximum intensity grade as ridge information, obtain it
Frequency content relation over time.
As shown in Figure 7,8, time-frequency distributions and ridge information retrieval are carried out further to Fig. 6 middle width strip frequency.In order to solve (b)
(c) intermediate frequency spectrum specificity analysises cannot quantitatively disclose the time that each frequency content occurs, initially with adaptivity optimization and
Time-frequency distributions method, as shown in fig. 7, abscissa represents the time, vertical coordinate represents frequency to this analysis result, and color represents intensity etc.
Level.Under this in figure any point can be characterized in sometime, the size of certain characteristic frequency ingredient intensity.Special in order to focus on vortex motion
Levy, ridge information retrieval is carried out using 50%～70% maximum intensity grade, that is, be more than the frequency of 50%～70% maximum intensity grade
Rate will be indicated as red point to be occurred, as shown in Figure 8.In wideband frequency bandwidth range, obtained frequency content is over time
Relation, the important quantitative characteristic that this relation can develop as vortex.
E () centrifugal pump intracavity whirlpool is analyzed：
The wideband frequency composition relation over time being obtained according to step (d), judges to whether there is inside centrifugal pump
Vortex or vortex rope flow phenomenon：When frequency is low, represent that vortex rope rotary speed is slower, vortex rope form is larger；When frequency is high,
Represent vortex rope rotary speed very fast, vortex rope form is less；Frequency by low change to high when, just the big vortex rope of explanation form be broken for many
The little vortex rope of individual form.
By Fig. 7,8 discoveries, the frequency content of pressure fluctuation can occur trickle change.The frequency of pressure fluctuation can be seen
40Hz (or from 40Hz be reduced to 5Hz) can be changed to from 5Hz in 0.1s, this exactly in pump chamber the helicoid state moment become
The result changed.When frequency, close to, during in 5Hz, representing, vortex rope rotary speed is slower, and vortex rope form is larger；When frequency is close to 40Hz
When, represent vortex rope rotary speed comparatively fast, vortex rope form is less.When detected frequency by little change to big when, just explanation form
Big vortex rope is broken for the little vortex rope of multiple forms, conversely, as the same.Thus can effectively monitor centrifugal pump internal flow shape
State, instructs centrifugal pump stable operation.
F () centrifugal pump running status is adjusted：
According to the analysis result of step (e), the rotating speed of control valve or centrifugal pump, so that wideband frequency amplitude is diminished, bandwidth
Narrow, periodic evolution characteristic disappears；Centrifugal pump enters good running status.
Analyze and inside centrifugal pump, there is vortex or vortex rope flow phenomenon, when frequency changes to height by low, the big whirlpool of form
Band is broken for the little vortex rope of multiple forms, now can be using the side increasing outlet of centrifugal pump valve or reduce centrifugal pump running speed
Method adjusts the running status of centrifugal pump, and when detecting, wideband frequency amplitude diminishes, bandwidth narrows, periodic evolution characteristic disappears,
Illustrate that centrifugal pump has been enter into good running status.
The present invention is that monitoring large pumping station centrifugal pump operation conditions provides one kind based on the analysis of pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic
Centrifugal pump control method.Only need to centrifugal pump inlet correct position and open an aperture, pressure pulsation sensor is installed, collection is simultaneously
Obtain time-domain signal, on this basis, with the technology of the present invention, can quantitatively judge that centrifugal pump intracavity whether there is unstable
Vortex motion, and quantitatively characterize intensity and the evolution of this vortex motion.It is roomy with wideband frequency, band when detecting,
Amplitude is high, and during the obvious vortex motion of Changing period, this pump is often in unfavorable operating mode, can advise that regulating valve taken by pumping plant
The measures such as door, rotating speed；When wideband frequency amplitude diminishes, bandwidth narrows, periodic evolution characteristic disappears etc. is detected, illustrate to be centrifuged
Pump has been enter into good running status.Can ensure that centrifugal pump inlet vortex motion is in ideal state using this technology, and then
The service life extending centrifugal pump is it is ensured that centrifugal pump has higher efficiency, energy efficient.
It is the preferred forms of the present invention above, according to present disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art
Some identical, replacement schemes can be apparent from, the scope of protection of the invention all should be fallen into.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of based on pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic analysis centrifugal pump control method it is characterised in that：The method includes as follows
Step：
A the pressure fluctuation of () pump chamber gathers, obtain pressure fluctuation time domain：
Pressure pulsation sensor is set in centrifugal pump test position, water pressure fluctuation signal output is adopted by pressure pulsation sensor
Truck, and digital signal is converted into by the processor being connected with capture card, this digital signal is exactly centrifugal pump test position
Pressure fluctuation time domain；
(b) pressure fluctuation spectrum analyses：
The pressure fluctuation time domain of the centrifugal pump test position that step (a) is obtained carries out FFT, obtains pressure fluctuation frequency
Domain；
(c) pressure fluctuation wideband frequency feature analysiss：
The continuous broad band low frequency composition having high pressure amplitude in the pressure fluctuation frequency domain that step (b) is obtained carries out Gauss distribution
Envelope, matching obtains mid frequency and wideband frequency；
D () wideband frequency composition changes over feature analysiss：
Adaptive optimization and time-frequency distributions are carried out to the wideband frequency obtaining in step (c), obtain frequency and its amplitude when
Between on change, extract amplitude be more than 50%～70% maximum intensity grade frequency content as ridge information, obtain its frequency
Composition relation over time；
E () centrifugal pump intracavity whirlpool is analyzed：
The frequency content relation over time being obtained according to step (d), judge inside centrifugal pump with the presence or absence of vortex or
Vortex rope flow phenomenon：When frequency is low, represent that vortex rope rotary speed is slower, vortex rope form is larger；When frequency is high, represent vortex rope
Rotary speed is very fast, and vortex rope form is less；Frequency by low change to high when, just to be broken for multiple forms little for the big vortex rope of explanation form
Vortex rope；
F () centrifugal pump running status is adjusted：
According to the analysis result of step (e), the rotating speed of control valve or centrifugal pump, so that wideband frequency amplitude is diminished, bandwidth narrows,
Periodic evolution characteristic disappears；Centrifugal pump enters good running status.
2. according to claim 1 based on pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic analysis centrifugal pump control method it is characterised in that：
Described centrifugal pump test position is centrifugal pump body suction chamber or inlet pipeline wall.
3. according to claim 1 based on pressure fluctuation time-frequency characteristic analysis centrifugal pump control method it is characterised in that：
Described step (a) gathers centrifugal pump cavity pressure pulsation time-domain signal by following scheme：Set near centrifugal pump body import
Put pressure tap, pressure pulsation sensor is installed by connecting line, by corresponding acquisition hardware and software system, record in pump chamber
Pressure fluctuation time-domain signal.
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| CN105626582A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 清华大学 | Centrifugal boosting pump with pressure sensor and mounting base |
| CN107091246A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-08-25 | 三联泵业股份有限公司 | A kind of double-suction pump impeller tested for pressure fluctuation |
| CN108266386B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-08-16 | 常州英集动力科技有限公司 | Frequency conversion centrifugal pump optimal regulation method and system based on pressure fluctuation |
| CN109185113B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-10-01 | 江苏大学 | One seed nucleus main pump cavitation condition monitoring system and method |
| CN110135272B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-12-25 | 中国农业大学 | Quantitative identification method for pressure pulsation broadband frequency of centrifugal pump |
| CN112378506B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-11-01 | 西安理工大学 | Synchronous testing method for vibration of through-flow type hydraulic machinery rotating wheel and outer wall |
| CN116877452B (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-12-08 | 利欧集团浙江泵业有限公司 | Non-positive-displacement water pump running state monitoring system based on Internet of things data |
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| US5720598A (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 1998-02-24 | Dowell, A Division Of Schlumberger Technology Corp. | Method and a system for early detection of defects in multiplex positive displacement pumps |
| BRPI0508637B1 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2017-10-10 | Cidra Corporation | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING PARAMETERS OF A STRATIFIED FLOW |
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