CN105132185A - Method for rapidly extracting wax from sweet sorghum stem - Google Patents
Method for rapidly extracting wax from sweet sorghum stem Download PDFInfo
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- CN105132185A CN105132185A CN201510510339.0A CN201510510339A CN105132185A CN 105132185 A CN105132185 A CN 105132185A CN 201510510339 A CN201510510339 A CN 201510510339A CN 105132185 A CN105132185 A CN 105132185A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for rapidly extracting wax from sweet sorghum stem. The method comprises the following concrete steps: (1) shearing sweet sorghum stem into small segments, adding an extraction liquid chloroform, and extracting at 50-70 DEG C for 2-5 min; and (2) removing chloroform from the extraction solution after the processing step (1), so as to obtain sweet sorghum stem wax. According to the method, sweet sorghum stem wax is firstly extracted, and the blank of the sweet sorghum stem wax extraction method is filled. The method is simple in steps, high in operationality and low in cost, does not need consumption of extra fossil energy for providing high heat and high energy, employs chloroform as the extraction liquid which can be recovered and utilized, and is applicable to industrialization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of rapid extraction wax from sweet sorghum stalk.
Background technology
Plant cuticle and epicutile wax are botanist interested fields always, and in some reports comparatively early, investigator describes stratum corneum and wax from visible macroscopic aspect, as refraction of light with reduce moisture loss.At present, adopt gaschromatographic mass spectrometry technology altogether to identify over one hundred kind of component from plant epidermis wax, these compositions are fatty compounds, ring compound and phytosterin compound etc. mainly.KunstandSamuels (2003) research finds that fatty compounds is the modal component of plant epidermis wax, comprises longer chain fatty acid, aldehyde, primary alconol and secondary alcohol.It is generally acknowledged that the carbochain of fatty acid cpds is shorter, but the carbochain of wax lipid is longer, as shown in table 1, what have even reaches 64 carbon atoms.The waxy component such as ring compound and sterols more rare in plant epidermis wax (Zeng Qiong etc. 2013), but the important component being epicutile wax in certain plants is as tobacco (Xu waits 2014 quietly).
The main species of table 1 epicutile wax component
Draw from KunstandSamuels (2003).
The main moiety of wax is fatty compounds, and longer chain fatty acid, primary alconol, secondary alcohols and aldehydes etc. are the modal components of plant wax.Policosanol (octacosanol) is the active substance had most in plant waxy component, it is the one of saturated long-chain high fatty alcohol, there is the chemical property (once practicing strong by 2006) of one-level primary alconol, having enhancing metabolism and delay the health-care effects such as body aging (Chen Fang etc. 2006), is the important source material of makeup and medicine.Secondly, the pseudo-ginseng of sky jowar wax compatibility, teasel root and the Chinese medicine made by talcum have synthetism, stop blooding and peculiar effect of the stasis of blood of dispelling.Therefore, effectively extract plant wax and there is potential healthy benefits and economic worth.
A kind of method rapidly and efficiently extracting wax how is found to become the study hotspot of makeup and healthcare field.The ethyl acetate lixiviate Rose wax such as Guo Yan, research shows the solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, and at 60 DEG C, extraction time 2h is optimum extraction process, (research of Rose wax extraction process. fresh-keeping with processing, 34-37).Prescription justice waits extracts wintersweet immature flower by sheet top layer wax with chloroform 60 DEG C, extracts 20s or 30s best results, (chloroform method extracts wintersweet immature flower by sheet surface layer wax Quality Research. northern gardening, 96-99.).Xiao Lei etc. using chloroform, normal hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone as solvent extraction diversiform-leaved poplar leaf surface waxes (research of diversiform-leaved poplar leaf surface waxes extracting method. the biotechnology world, 177-178.).Visible species are different, then the extracting method of wax is completely different, and does not have reference value mutually.
Sweet sorghum blade, leaf sheath, bennet and stem stalk, especially there is a large amount of waxs (Burowetal.2008) on stem stalk surface, effectively can reduce scattering and disappearing and preventing insect pest of moisture; Can also carry out dormancy between the dry period, water stress is removed can restoration ecosystem.Our Preliminary Results shows, containing a large amount of policosanol in sweet sorghum wax, but relevant sweet sorghum wax extracting method is but never reported.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly a kind of method in order to provide rapid extraction wax from sweet sorghum stalk.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A method for rapid extraction wax from sweet sorghum stalk, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) sweet sorghum stalk is cut into segment, adds extracting solution chloroform, 50-70 DEG C is extracted 2-5min;
(2) by the extracting solution after step (1) process, removing chloroform, obtains sweet sorghum stalk wax.
Described step (1) sweet sorghum is ripening stage sweet sorghum.Advantage: the wax on ripening stage cane top layer is the highest, stem stalk is ripe, is easy to dewaxing.
In described step (1), stem stalk is got base portion and is played the 2nd stipes.Advantage: the wax that base portion plays the 2nd stipes is the highest, stem stalk is ripe, is easy to dewaxing.
In described step (1), stem stalk is cut into the segment of long 3-7 (preferably 5) cm, quality 1-3 (preferably 2) g.Advantage: wax contacts fully with extracting solution.
In described step (1), the mass volume ratio of stem stalk and chloroform is (1-3) g:(30-40) mL.
The wax that above-mentioned method is extracted; Described wax can as raw material that is medical and makeup.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Extract sweet sorghum stalk wax first in the present invention, fill up the blank of sweet sorghum wax extracting method.
Method steps of the present invention is simple, strong operability, cost is low, and do not need to consume extra fossil energy and high hot high energy is provided, chloroform can be recycled as extracting solution and (pour in matrass by the extracting solution after the extraction of sweet sorghum stalk wax, the thermostat water bath being placed in 60 ~ 70 DEG C is distilled by prolong, collects in the brown container of clean dried by the chloroform after distillation, in order to extracting wax recycle.In matrass, the white powder material in wash rice source, is the wax of extraction), be suitable for industrialization.
Method of the present invention is that the deep processing of sweet sorghum stalk and recycling and mass-producing extract wax, for inquiring into wax content and sweet sorghum salt tolerance relation lays the foundation; also for industrialization is extracted sweet sorghum stalk wax on a large scale and offered reference, for the function of research sweet sorghum wax, application and ecological significance lay the foundation.
Optimizing contrast (Fig. 5) before and after extracting method by using, can find out, before Fig. 5 A extracts, sweet sorghum stalk surface arrangement white powder wax quilt, and stem stalk is almost wrapped can't see stem stalk color; After Fig. 5 B adopts optimization method to extract, stem stalk outer layer white wax is by almost all clean by chloroform extraction, the original color of emergent stem stalk.Be can visually see by Fig. 1, adopt the method extraction effect obvious, method is effective.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that under differing temps, different organic solvents extracts sweet sorghum stalk wax quality condition, wherein A: chloroform, B: acetone, C: normal hexane, D: dimethylbenzene;
Fig. 2 is the comparison that different organic solvents extracts sweet sorghum stalk wax quality, and in figure, data are 3 mean value ± SD repeated, different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05);
Fig. 3 is the chloroform extraction sweet sorghum stalk wax quality condition of different volumes;
Fig. 4 is chloroform extraction sweet sorghum stalk wax quality condition under different time;
Fig. 5 is that present method extracts sweet sorghum stalk effect comparison before and after wax, before A extracts, after B extracts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A method for rapid extraction wax from sweet sorghum stalk, comprises the following steps:
(1) base portion in sweet sorghum ripening stage is played the segment that the 2nd stipes stem stalk is cut into long 5cm, quality 2g, be placed in culture dish;
(2) 30mL chloroform extracted solution is added;
(3) be placed in full temperature shaking table, temperature controls to extract 3min at 60 DEG C;
(4) taking-up of stem stalk is placed on furnace pot, extracting solution is volatilized completely until organic solvent in Fume Hoods, namely stem stalk wax is farthest obtained, white mass gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GCMS) is done composition analysis, and gained composition analysis result meets waxy component feature.
Embodiment 2
(1) the stem stalk in sweet sorghum ripening stage is cut into the segment of long 3cm, quality 1g, is placed in culture dish;
(2) 30mL chloroform extracted solution is added;
(3) be placed in full temperature shaking table, temperature controls to extract 1min at 50 DEG C;
(4) taking-up of stem stalk is placed on furnace pot, extracting solution is volatilized completely until organic solvent in Fume Hoods, namely farthest obtain stem stalk wax.
Embodiment 3
(1) base portion of sweet sorghum is played the segment that the 2nd stipes stem stalk is cut into long 7cm, quality 3g, be placed in culture dish;
(2) 40mL chloroform extracted solution is added;
(3) be placed in full temperature shaking table, temperature controls to extract 3min at 70 DEG C;
(4) taking-up of stem stalk is placed on furnace pot, extracting solution is volatilized completely until organic solvent in Fume Hoods, namely farthest obtain stem stalk wax.
Different extracting parameter condition is on the impact of extraction effect:
Agents useful for same is: chloroform, normal hexane, acetone, dimethylbenzene, is analytical pure rank, and their main physical and chemical is listed by following table 2.
The physico-chemical property of table 2 organic reagent used
1. the wax under different organic solvents differing temps extracts the comparison of quality
The base portion in sweet sorghum ripening stage is risen after the 2nd stipes stem stalk is cut into the segment correct amount of long about 5cm, quality 2g, use respectively the chloroform of 30mL, acetone, normal hexane, dimethylbenzene under different temperature condition in full temperature shaking table lixiviate 3min, taking-up is placed on furnace pot, in Fume Hoods after organic solvent volatilization completely, again weigh, of poor quality being in front and back extracts wax quality, is repeated 3 times.
Result shows: along with the rising of temperature, and the wax quality of extraction increases.As Figure 1A, it is 16.42mg/gDW that chloroform extracts wax quality at 60 DEG C, with 30 DEG C, 40 DEG C with 50 DEG C of conditions under compare remarkable increase, be their 2.63,1.97,1.27 times respectively; As Figure 1B, it is 3.42mg/gDW that acetone extracts wax quality at 30 DEG C, and the wax quality extracted at 40 DEG C, 50 DEG C and 55 DEG C significantly increases, and adds 1.36,1.71 and 2.43 times respectively; As Fig. 1 C, the wax quality that normal hexane extracts at 67 DEG C is 10.65mg/gDW, is significantly higher than 30 DEG C, 40 DEG C, 50 DEG C and 60 DEG C, is their 2.87,2.20,1.68 and 1.56 times respectively; As Fig. 1 D, it is 6.70mg/gDW that dimethylbenzene extracts wax quality under 30 DEG C of conditions, and 40 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 60 DEG C and 70 DEG C add 1.20,1.27,1.40,1.55 times respectively.
Draw significantly, different organic solvents is different to the extraction effect of wax, and the extraction quality of wax increases with the rising of temperature; Comparatively speaking, best by chloroform extraction sweet sorghum stalk wax effect under the condition of 60 DEG C, extraction wax quality is significantly higher than the extraction quality (as Fig. 2) under other solvent higher temperature conditions.Therefore, be optimal selection by chloroform extraction sweet sorghum stalk wax under temperature 60 C.
2. different extraction solvent volume is on the impact of wax extraction effect
Adopt similar method, its stem stalk is cut into after the long segment of 5cm weighs, be placed on lixiviate 3min in 15mL, 20mL, 25mL, 30mL, 35mL and 40mL chloroform under 60 DEG C of conditions, stem stalk is taken out and is placed in furnace pot, make the organic solvent volatilization completely on stem stalk surface in Fume Hoods after, weigh to calculate and extract wax quality.
Drawn by Fig. 3, by the chloroform lixiviate sweet sorghum stalk wax of different volumes in identical extraction time 3min, the wax quality extracted within the scope of 15-30mL significantly increases with the increase of chloroform volume, the wax quality extracted in 30-40mL scope no longer significantly increases with the increase of chloroform volume, without the significance difference opposite sex (P<0.05) compared with the wax quality (16.03mg/gDW) arrived with 30mL chloroform extraction, therefore, in line with the principle of maximization of economic benefit, determine that 30mL extracts sweet sorghum stalk wax optimal volume.
3. different extraction time is on the impact of wax extraction effect
Adopt similar method, its stem stalk is cut into after the long segment of 5cm weighs, to be placed under 60 DEG C of conditions lixiviate 0.5min, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min in 30mL chloroform, stem stalk is taken out and is placed in furnace pot, make the organic solvent volatilization completely on stem stalk surface in Fume Hoods after, calculating wax content of weighing.
Drawn by Fig. 4, in different extraction time, chloroform lixiviate sweet sorghum stalk wax is used under uniform temp and lixiviate volume, the wax quality extracted within the 0.5-3min time significantly raises along with the increase of extraction time, the wax quality extracted in 3-5min no longer increases substantially with the increase of extraction time, without the significance difference opposite sex (P<0.05) compared with the wax quality (15.73mg/gDW) arrived with chloroform extraction during 3min, therefore, same under the principle of economy, determine that 30min extracts the sweet sorghum stalk wax optimum extraction time.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the method for rapid extraction wax from sweet sorghum stalk, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) sweet sorghum stalk is cut into segment, adds extracting solution chloroform, 50-70 DEG C is extracted 2-5min;
(2) by the extracting solution after step (1) process, removing chloroform, obtains sweet sorghum stalk wax.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) sweet sorghum is ripening stage sweet sorghum.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), stem stalk is got base portion and played the 2nd stipes.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), stem stalk is cut into the segment of long 3-7cm, quality 1-3g.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), stem stalk is cut into the segment of long 5cm, quality 2g.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that the mass volume ratio of stem stalk and chloroform in described step (1) is (1-3) g:(30-40) mL.
7. the wax of the arbitrary described method extraction of claim 1-6.
8. the application of wax according to claim 7 in medicine.
9. the application of wax according to claim 7 in makeup.
10. the application of wax according to claim 7 in research Chinese sorghum salt-tolerant trait.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106962737A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-21 | 张金仕 | Sorghum sweet tea bar cane presses extracting juice pre-treating method |
| CN107132141A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-05 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of quick method for measuring of pear fruit epidermis wax content |
| CN107259426A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-20 | 河北农业大学 | Method for refining date cyclic adenosine monophosphate syrup |
| CN112505176A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for extracting waxiness on epidermis of blueberry fruit |
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| JPH06200288A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-19 | Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd | Production of sugar cane wax |
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| JPH06200288A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-19 | Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd | Production of sugar cane wax |
| CN101484135A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-07-15 | 伊萨·奥迪迪 | Pharmaceutical composition having reduced abuse potential |
| CN102655840A (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2012-09-05 | 道康宁公司 | Personal care emulsions comprising waxy materials and organopolysiloxanes |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107259426A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2017-10-20 | 河北农业大学 | Method for refining date cyclic adenosine monophosphate syrup |
| CN106962737A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-21 | 张金仕 | Sorghum sweet tea bar cane presses extracting juice pre-treating method |
| CN107132141A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-09-05 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of quick method for measuring of pear fruit epidermis wax content |
| CN107132141B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-04-07 | 南京农业大学 | Method for rapidly determining content of waxiness on pear fruit epidermis |
| CN112505176A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for extracting waxiness on epidermis of blueberry fruit |
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