CN105131651B - A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition and dye preparations - Google Patents

A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition and dye preparations Download PDF

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CN105131651B
CN105131651B CN201510571231.2A CN201510571231A CN105131651B CN 105131651 B CN105131651 B CN 105131651B CN 201510571231 A CN201510571231 A CN 201510571231A CN 105131651 B CN105131651 B CN 105131651B
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component
formula
navy blue
reactive navy
dye composition
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CN105131651A (en
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王小红
高怀庆
欧其
阮伟祥
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ZHEJIANG KEYONG CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Shanghai Kehua Dyestuff Industry Co Ltd
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ZHEJIANG KEYONG CHEMICAL INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Shanghai Kehua Dyestuff Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition and dye preparations, the dye composite includes component A, component B and component C, the component A is selected from least one formula (I) compound represented, the component B is selected from least one formula (II) compound represented, the component C is selected from least one formula (III) and/or formula (IV) compound represented, based on the component A, component B and component C, the parts by weight of component A are 45~95 parts, the parts by weight of component B are 5~55 parts, and the parts by weight of component C are 0~40 part.Reactive navy blue to black dyes product includes the dye composite.The dye preparations depth of the present invention is good, lifting force is excellent, dye-uptake is high, and degree of fixation is high, and compatibility is good, color fastness is excellent, dyeing process dye dosage is few, easy washing, raffinate are clear, and Saline alkali tolerance can be stablized, and have excellent metamerism, dyeability is stablized, and the different process such as dip dyeing, pad dyeing and stamp are suitable for.

Description

A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition and dye preparations
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reactive navy blue to black dye composition and dye preparations.
(2) background technology
In cotton fiber dyeing, dark blue almost to account for 40~50% to black, more direct dyes and vulcanization contaminate Material is disabled and is limited use due to environmental issue.Reactive dye red M-3BE is since cheap, fastness is good, higher fixation Rate and uncomplicated laundering, and there is no the environmental issues including AOX, therefore dosage is larger.However, there are also lifting forces Difference, the defects of pitch black degree is inadequate, to limit being widely used for it.
Existing reactive navy blue or black dyes colorant match product still have in actual application depth it is not strong, on Dye rate and degree of fixation is high, dyed fabric not easy cleaning the problems such as, such as patent CN1745147A, CN1084769A.This be by The dye strength used in deep color dyeing is high, and loose colour amount of dye increases, and there are one saturation value, dyestuffs for absorption of the fiber to dyestuff Concentration generally no more than dyeing saturation value 10%, excessive dyestuff cannot go up dye and fixation, can be accumulated in fabric surface, if Easy cleaning is bad, certainly will influence the wet colour fastness of dyeing and weaving object, not good enough so as to cause dyeability.
(3) invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of reactive navy blue to black dye composition and dye preparations, and depth is good, Lifting force is excellent, and dye-uptake is high, and degree of fixation is high, and compatibility is good, and color fastness is excellent, and dyeing process dye dosage is few, easy washing, residual Liquid is clear, and Saline alkali tolerance can be stablized, and has excellent metamerism, and dyeability is stablized, and is suitable for dip dyeing, pad dyeing and stamp Equal different process.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition, including component A, component B and component C, the component A are selected from least A kind of formula (I) compound represented, the component B are selected from least one formula (II) compound represented, and the component C is selected from extremely A kind of few formula (III) and/or formula (IV) compound represented, based on the component A, component B and component C, the weight of component A Part is 45~95, and the parts by weight of component B are 5~55, and the parts by weight of component C are 0~40:
In formula (I):
R1、R2、R3Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkyl ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M1, preferably-H ,-CH3、- OCH3Or-SO3M1;Y1For-CH=CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M1;M1For hydrogen or alkali metal;
In formula (II):
R4、R5Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M2, preferably-H ,-OCH3Or-SO3M2;Y2For-CH= CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M2;M2For hydrogen or alkali metal;
In formula (III):
R6、R7Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkyl ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M3, preferably-H ,-CH3、-OCH3 Or-SO3M3;R8For-H or-SO3M3;Y3For-CH=CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M3;M3For hydrogen or alkali metal;
In formula (IV):
R9、R10Respectively stand alone as-H or-SO3M4, Y4For-CH=CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M4, M4For H or alkali metal.
Component A~C quality sums are preferably based on, the mass percentage of component A is 45~95%, component B's Mass percentage is 5~55%, and the mass percentage of component C is 0~40%.
It is highly preferred that the reactive navy blue is made of to black dye composition component A, component B and component C, wherein group It is 45~95% to divide the mass percentage of A, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%, the mass percentage of component C It is 0~40%.
When component C content is not 0 in the composition, the mass percentage of component C is preferably 5-40%, more preferably For 5-35%.
It is further preferred that the reactive navy blue is made of to black dye composition component A, component B and component C, Wherein, the mass percentage of component A is 45~95%, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%, the quality hundred of component C It is 5~40% to divide content.
It is further preferred that the reactive navy blue is made of to black dye composition component A and component B, wherein group It is 45~95% to divide the mass percentage of A, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%.
Particularly preferred, the reactive navy blue is made of to black dye composition component A, component B and component C, group It is 60~90% to divide the mass percentage of A, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~40%, the mass percentage of component C It is 5~35%.
Preferably, in the formula (I) ,-SO2Y1Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position.
Preferably, in the formula (II) ,-SO2Y2Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position.
Preferably, in the formula (IV) ,-SO2Y4Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position.
Preferably, the alkali metal is Li, Na or K;It is furthermore preferred that the alkali metal is Na or K;It is further excellent It is preferably independently H or Na to select M1~M4 respectively.
Specifically, the component A is preferably one of following or in which two or more mixture, wherein M1For H (free acids Form) or Na (form of salt):
Specifically, the component B is preferably one of following or in which two or more mixture, wherein M2For H (free acids Form) or Na (form of salt):
Specifically, the component C is preferably one of following or in which two or more mixture, wherein M3、M4It is respectively independent For H (free acid form) or Na (form of salt):
Preferably, the content of component C is 0 in reactive navy blue to black dye composition of the present invention, it includes under Component A and component B are stated, based on the component A and component B, the mass percentage of component A is 45~95%, the matter of component B It is 5~55% to measure percentage composition:Wherein
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11).
It is furthermore preferred that the reactive navy blue is made of to black dye composition following component A and component B, it is based on institute The mass percentage of the component A and component B stated, component A are 45~95%, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%: Wherein
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11).
Or preferred, reactive navy blue of the present invention to black dye composition, including following component A, component B and Component C, based on the component A, component B and component C, the mass percentage of component A is 45~95%, the quality of component B Percentage composition is 5~55%, and the mass percentage of component C is 5~40%:
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11);
Component C is selected from least one of formula (III -1), (III -3), (IV -1), (IV -2).
It is furthermore preferred that reactive navy blue of the present invention to black dye composition by following component A, component B and component C Composition, based on the component A, component B and component C, the mass percentage of component A be 45~95% (more preferably 60~ 90%), the mass percentage of component B is 5~55% (more preferably 5~40%), the mass percentage of component C is 5~ 40% (more preferably 5~35%):
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11);
Component C is selected from least one of formula (III -1), (III -3), (IV -1), (IV -2).
The dye composition of formula (I) of the present invention~formula (IV), can be with free acid (M1~M4For-H) or salt form In the presence of having no influence to its dyeability, it is convenient to be intended merely to prepare, and preferably exists in a salt form, the salt can be alkali Metal salt (M1~M4For alkali metal), particularly preferably sodium salt or sylvite (M1~M4For Na or K).
Reactive navy blue of the present invention to black dye composition, used dye composition (I), (II), (III), (IV) can be obtained by conventional method, such as by using suitable component well known to those skilled in the art and use Necessary ratio is synthesized by means of common diazo-reaction and coupling reaction, or with reference to patent CN102245712, It is prepared by method or approximate method in CN1730565, CN102898869 and WO2013189817A.
In reactive navy blue to black dye composition of the present invention, the easy oxygen of phenolic hydroxyl group in formula (I) and/or formula (III) Change forms quinone hydrazone structure, and therefore, dye composition shown in formula (I) and formula (III) can also be respectively adopted with lower structure carry out table Sign:
The same formula of definition (I) and formula (III) of each substituent group in above-mentioned two formula.
Reactive navy blue of the present invention to black dye composition, preparation method include by dye component A, B, C by Mixed according to aforementioned proportioning, mixing can be used conventional mechanical system and carry out, such as in grinder, kneader or homogenizer into It goes, in mixed process, single dye composition (I)~(IV) can exist in the form of powdery, granular, aqueous solution or synthetic solvent, When single dye composition blending in the form of synthetic solvent, it is dark blue to detach composite reactive of the present invention from synthetic solvent It can be carried out to black dyes with generally known method, such as will from reaction medium with electrolyte (such as sodium chloride or potassium chloride) Dyestuff, which is saltoutd, to be filtered out, or by mixed solution evaporation, spray drying, therefore, dye component A, B, C and its dye composite usually wrap Contain electrolytic salt (such as sodium chloride, sodium sulphate) conventional in reactive dye.
Reactive navy blue of the present invention is coloured to black dye composition as commodity selling or applied to textile material When, auxiliary agent can be added without, the conven-tional adjuvants in commercial dye can also be added, as cosolvent, dispersant, alkali resistance auxiliary agent, Dust-proofing agent, surfactant, buffer and accelerant etc..Therefore, the present invention also provides a kind of reactive navy blues to black dyes Product contains the reactive navy blue to black dye composition.Preferably, the reactive navy blue is to black dyes product In, the reactive navy blue is mainly contained to black dye composition and auxiliary agent, the reactive navy blue to black dye composition Weight ratio with auxiliary agent is 100:0~45, preferably 100:0~40.Preferably following a kind of or arbitrarily several group of the auxiliary agent It closes:Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product (NNO), condensation compound of methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde (Dispersant MF), dispersing agent CNF (benzyl naphthalene sulfonic acids Salt formaldehyde condensation products), anhydrous sodium sulphate (industrial sulphuric acid sodium).The auxiliary agent is commercially available conventional variety.
Reactive navy blue of the present invention suitable for cellulose fibre, Fypro and its is knitted to black dyes product The printing and dyeing of object, wherein the preferred cotton fiber of cellulose fibre or regenerated fiber may also comprise other vegetative fibers, such as certainly Bast-fibre or fabric;Fypro preferably includes the animal fiber material including skin, hair or silk, and the nylon of synthesis 6, the fibrous materials such as nylon66 fiber.When using reactive navy blue of the present invention to the black dyes product above-mentioned fibrous material of printing and dyeing, It can be carried out in accordance with known reactive dyes dyeing method, such as common reactive dyestuffs in exhaustion decoration method and pad dyeing decoration method, it is described Exhaust dyeing be that fabric is impregnated in dye liquor, make the method for the gradual upper dyeing and weaving object of dyestuff, usually need dyed-fixation- The processes such as washing-soap boiling-washing-dehydration-drying.
The pad dyeing is then that first fabric is impregnated in dye liquor, then fabric is made to pass through roll, dye liquor is uniformly rolled into Fabric, then the colouring method through the processing such as decatize or hot melt usually (need to pad fixation through padding dye liquor-drying- Liquid)-decatize bakes-wash-soaping-and the processes such as wash-dry.
Generally, due to the difference for dyeing pool requirement on fabric, dyestuff usage amount would also vary from, be dyed using dip method When, dye level (owf) is generally 0.1%~10% (dyestuff accounts for fabric weight percentage), bath raio 1:2~1:60 (fabric with Dye liquor weight ratio, preferably 1:10~1:30), just 30~60 DEG C of dye temperature control, dyeing time 10~30 minutes, soap boiling temperature 85 ~95 DEG C, 10~15 minutes soap boiling time, 60~100 DEG C of color fixing temperature, 10~50 minutes fixation time, fixation pH value 9~11. When being dyed using pad dyeing method, the pick-up of cellulose fibre is generally 60~80%, 100~103 DEG C of steam temperature, when decatize Between 1~3 minute.It is more at present to use cold-rolling heap staining method in pad dyeing method, dyestuff and alkaline matter are introduced into pad dyeing In machine, and 2~30 hours progress fixation are banked up in clot at room temperature, are thoroughly rinsed later.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows:Reactive navy blue of the present invention is used for fabric printing to black dyes product When, have enhancing good, dye-uptake is high, and degree of fixation is high, and compatibility is good, is easy to wash, and dyeing residual liquid is clear, and Saline alkali tolerance can be steady Fixed, color fastness is excellent, and has excellent metamerism, is rare economical dark blue to dark black dye.
(4) specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in This:
It should be strongly noted that keep the characterization of dye composition convenient and uniformly, each monochromatic dye in colorant match component Material is presented in the form of free acid, however in actual production processing, each monochrome component is usually in alkali metal salt, excellent It selects the form of lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite, the form of particularly preferred sodium salt to exist, and is used to dye in its salt form.
Embodiment 1:
By the dyestuff of 40 parts of formulas (I -1), the dyestuff of 45 parts of formulas (I -3), 15 parts of formulas (II -1) dyestuff and 25 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate Mechanical mixture is carried out, obtained composite dye dye cotton is navy (M1~M2It is H, i.e., dye composition is in the form of free acid It indicates).
Embodiment 2:
By the dyestuff of 50 parts of formulas (I -1), the dyestuff of 40 parts of formulas (I -3), 10 parts of formulas (II -2)) dyestuff and 30 parts of anhydrous sodium sulphate Mechanical mixture is carried out, obtained composite dye dye cotton is navy (M1~M2It is H, i.e., dye composition is in the form of free acid It indicates).
Embodiment 3~50:
The dyestuff of listed proportioning in mechanical mixture table 1, dye cotton are navy to black (M1~M4Be H, i.e. dyestuff chemical combination Object is indicated in the form of free acid).
Application Example:
It takes reactive navy blue made from the embodiment of the present invention 1~50 to be dissolved in water respectively to black dyes, anhydrous sodium sulphate is added 50g/L is configured to dye liquor.Dyeing concentration 4% (dyestuff is to cloth weight), bath raio 1:10 (cloth weight grams is to dye liquor volume mls), set Enter and adsorbed 30 minutes at 60 DEG C of cotton, add alkali (sodium hydroxide 15g/L, sodium carbonate 10g/L) fixation 45 minutes, dyed fabric is through water Wash, soap boiling, drying, obtain dark blue to black dyeing and weaving object.
(1) color fastness
Its washing fastness is tested according to ISO 105-C03,60 DEG C:
Se≤4-5 grades of original sample Bian;Se≤4 grade Zhan
Its fastness to rubbing is tested according to ISO 105-X12:
Dry friction:≤ 4-5 grades;Wet friction:≤ 3 grades
(2) Saline alkali tolerance:When above-mentioned dyeing, respectively as salt dosage, the increase of pH value, power part increase, to coloured light Substantially it does not influence, illustrates that reactive navy blue to the black dyes Saline alkali tolerance of the present invention can be stablized.
Counterstain is tested:
Comparative example 1 prepares the active dark blue dye of following two component according to the embodiment 1 in patent CN1745147A:
Comparative example 2 prepares the reactive black dye of following three component according to the embodiment 87 in patent CN1745147A:
Comparative example 3 prepares the reactive black dye of following two component according to the embodiment 15 in patent CN1084769C:
According to the method described in above application embodiment, choose in the present invention with 1~3 immediate embodiment 1 of comparative example, Embodiment 2, embodiment 11, embodiment 47, embodiment 48 carry out dyeability comparison, as a result as follows:
(1) lifting force compares, the K/S values under different dye levels
Dye level 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0%
Embodiment 1 18.58 27.23 34.35 37.33 39.88 40.02
Embodiment 2 17.76 26.35 33.04 35.43 38.31 39.97
Embodiment 11 18.04 28.32 35.37 36.97 38.38 39.07
Embodiment 47 17.51 27.28 34.43 36.52 38.59 39.87
Embodiment 48 18.12 28.20 35.19 36.75 38.08 39.32
Comparative example 1 17.92 28.2 34.52 37.12 38.91 37.98
Comparative example 2 15.72 24.72 33.36 34.11 34.28 34.80
Comparative example 3 15.76 24.73 33.34 34.79 35.44 36.75
As seen from the above table, with the increase of dye level, depth of the present invention is significantly better than comparative example.
(2) dye-uptake compares, %
Dyeing time 0 15min 30min 40min 50min 70min 90min
Embodiment 1 0 32.06 37.22 70.15 77.23 78.47 80.36
Embodiment 2 0 31.67 36.52 69.41 76.34 77.78 79.36
Embodiment 11 0 31.94 36.78 68.30 75.76 77.87 79.01
Embodiment 47 0 31.61 36.77 68.79 75.98 77.99 79.13
Embodiment 48 0 31.48 36.89 68.60 75.59 78.07 79.22
Comparative example 1 0 28.07 32.13 63.61 71.90 75.30 75.74
Comparative example 2 0 30.84 36.15 64.96 71.63 74.46 76.02
Comparative example 3 0 30.62 33.91 65.49 73.37 75.53 76.89
As seen from the above table, dye-uptake of the present invention is significantly better than comparative example.
(3) degree of fixation compares, %
The fixation time 0 15min 30min 40min 50min 70min 90min
Embodiment 1 0 54.97 67.75 70.89 71.91
Embodiment 2 0 54.53 67.94 70.59 71.92
Embodiment 11 0 55.02 67.28 70.21 71.70
Embodiment 47 0 54.73 67.73 70.91 71.24
Embodiment 48 0 55.10 67.39 70.88 71.98
Comparative example 1 0 52.49 62.08 67.41 68.54
Comparative example 2 0 50.07 60.86 66.02 67.70
Comparative example 3 0 51.21 62.31 67.54 68.37
As seen from the above table, degree of fixation of the present invention is significantly better than comparative example.
In conclusion the present invention dyestuff be substantially better than comparative example, for the industry, lifting force, on It is all significantly improved in terms of dye rate and degree of fixation.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition, including component A, component B and component C, the component A are selected from least one Kind formula (I) compound represented, the component B are selected from least one formula (II) compound represented, and the component C is selected from least A kind of formula (III) and/or formula (IV) compound represented, based on the component A, component B and component C, the parts by weight of component A It it is 45~95 parts, the parts by weight of component B are 5~55 parts, and the parts by weight of component C are 0~40 part:
In formula (I):
R1、R2、R3Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkyl ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M1;Y1For-CH=CH2Or- C2H4OSO3M1;M1For hydrogen or alkali metal;
In formula (II):
R4、R5Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M2;Y2For-CH=CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M2;M2For hydrogen or alkali gold Belong to;
In formula (III):
R6、R7Respectively stand alone as-H ,-C1~C4Alkyl ,-C1~C4Alkoxy or-SO3M3;R8For-H or-SO3M3;Y3For-CH= CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M3;M3For hydrogen or alkali metal;
In formula (IV):
R9、R10Respectively stand alone as-H or-SO3M4, Y4For-CH=CH2Or-C2H4OSO3M4, M4For H or alkali metal.
2. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:Based on component A~C matter The mass percentage of the sum of amount, component A is 45~95%, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%, the quality of component C Percentage composition is 0~40%.
3. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:
In formula (I):R1、R2、R3Respectively stand alone as-H ,-CH3、-OCH3Or-SO3M1
In formula (II):R4、R5Respectively stand alone as-H ,-OCH3Or-SO3M2
In formula (III):R6、R7Respectively stand alone as-H ,-CH3、-OCH3Or-SO3M3
Alkali metal is selected from Li, Na or K.
4. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:In the formula (I) ,-SO2Y1 Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position;In formula (II) ,-SO2Y2Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position;In formula (IV) ,- SO2Y4Contraposition positioned at azo group or meta position.
5. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The component A be it is following it One or in which two or more mixtures, wherein M1For H or Na:
6. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The component B be it is following it One or in which two or more mixtures, wherein M2For H or Na:
7. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The component C be it is following it One or in which two or more mixtures, wherein M3、M4Respectively stand alone as H or Na:
8. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The reactive navy blue is to black Component C content is 0 in dye composite, and it includes following component A and component B, based on the component A and component B, component A Mass percentage be 45~95%, the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%:Wherein
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11);
9. reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The reactive navy blue is to black Dye composite includes following component A, component B and component C, based on the component A, component B and component C, the quality of component A Percentage composition is 45~95%, and the mass percentage of component B is 5~55%, and the mass percentage of component C is 5~40%: Wherein
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11);
Component C is selected from least one of formula (III -1), (III -3), (IV -1), (IV -2);
10. reactive navy blue as claimed in claim 9 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:The reactive navy blue is to black Color dyestuff is made of following component A, component B and component C:
Component A is selected from least one of formula (I -1), (I -3);
Component B is selected from least one of formula (II -1), (II -2), (II -10), (II -11);
Component C is selected from least one of formula (III -1), (III -3), (IV -1), (IV -2).
11. reactive navy blue as described in one of claim 1~10 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:Formula (I) chemical combination Phenolic hydroxyl group in object aoxidizes to form quinone hydrazone structure.
12. reactive navy blue as described in one of claim 1~10 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:Formula (III) is changed The phenolic hydroxyl group closed in object aoxidizes to form quinone hydrazone structure.
13. reactive navy blue as claimed in claim 11 is to black dye composition, it is characterised in that:In formula (III) compound Phenolic hydroxyl group aoxidizes to form quinone hydrazone structure.
14. a kind of reactive navy blue is combined to black dyes product containing reactive navy blue as described in claim 1 to black dyes Object.
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CN107501997A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-22 浙江科永化工有限公司 A kind of reactive navy blue is to black dye composition and dye preparations
CN109705617B (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-07-28 浙江科永化工有限公司 Reactive red dye composition, dye product and application thereof
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