CN105130152B - The system and method for sludge fast pyrogenation - Google Patents
The system and method for sludge fast pyrogenation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105130152B CN105130152B CN201510623973.5A CN201510623973A CN105130152B CN 105130152 B CN105130152 B CN 105130152B CN 201510623973 A CN201510623973 A CN 201510623973A CN 105130152 B CN105130152 B CN 105130152B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of system and method for sludge fast pyrogenation, the system includes：Drying unit, fast pyrolysis reactor and spray column, wherein, fast pyrolysis reactor includes reactor body, multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube, sludge inlet, distributing device, cloth gas entrance, multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, semicoke outlet, the drying unit is suitable to be dried sludge treatment, to obtain dry sludge；The spray column is connected with the multiple pyrolysis gas outlet, and is suitable for use with coolant and carries out spray process to the pyrolysis gas, to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.The system can realize the fast pyrogenation of sludge, and can obtain the homogeneous bio oil with value high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of system and method for sludge fast pyrogenation.
Background technology
Sludge is a kind of heterogeneous body being made up of organic relic, microorganism, inorganic particle, colloid etc., and is wherein contained
Poisonous organic matter, pathogenic microorganisms and heavy metal, grave danger is produced to environment.But containing substantial amounts of organic in sludge
Matter, can carry out recovery energy treatment to it, and three kinds of methods are mainly used at present：Directly burning, gasification and pyrolysis.It is wherein hot
Solution method is the process for taking starvation to carry out being produced by thermal decomposition oil, gas, charcoal resource to sludge, due to method for pyrolysis treatment
Sludge can not only reduce dioxin, but also the heavy metal in sludge can be solidified, so as to reduce the secondary of sludge
Pollution, while the petroleum resources of high value can be obtained, therefore pyrolysismethod is acknowledged as to sludge reduction, innoxious, resource
Change the optimal path for the treatment of.
Pyrolyzing sludge is the thermal instability using organic matter in sludge, and heating under anaerobic makes organic matter produce heat
Cracking, forms value three kinds of products of gas, liquid, solid higher.The pyrolysis processing technique of current sludge mainly include rotary kiln,
The techniques such as fixed bed, fluid bed, are divided into according to mode of heating and directly heating and indirectly heat, and typically heat is taken due to directly heating
Carrier, therefore process can be related to the heating of heat carrier, separation etc., technological process is complicated；And take the destructive distillation of indirect heating manner
Mode, the thermal efficiency is not high, and disposal ability is small.Sludge water content content is high simultaneously, and the drying of sludge is also pyrolyzing sludge technique needs
Especially consider.The main component of other sludge is lignin, cellulose, closely biomass, and general pyrolysis system is obtained
To bio oil can be layered as pyrolkigneous liquid and wooden bio oil, market application is little.
Therefore, existing pyrolyzing sludge technology is remained to be further improved.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.Therefore, of the invention
One purpose is to propose a kind of system and method for sludge fast pyrogenation, and the system can realize the fast pyrogenation of sludge, and
And the homogeneous bio oil with value high can be obtained.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of sludge fast pyrogenation.Reality of the invention
Example is applied, the system includes：
Drying unit, the drying unit is suitable to be dried sludge treatment, to obtain dry sludge；
Fast pyrolysis reactor,
The fast pyrolysis reactor includes：
Reactor body, limits reaction compartment in the reactor body, the reaction compartment is formed point from top to bottom
Dissipate area, pyrolysis zone and discharge zone；
Multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube, the multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is high along the reactor body in the pyrolysis zone
Degree direction is spaced apart, and every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube includes that the heat accumulating type of multiple horizontally spaced distributions is radiated
Pipe；
Distributing device；
Sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is located at the dispersion area and positioned at the top of the distributing device；
Cloth gas entrance, the cloth gas entrance is located at the dispersion area and is connected with the distributing device, to use
Sludge blowout in the distributing device is entered dispersion area by cloth gas, equably falls into pyrolysis zone；
Multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, the multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on the dispersion area and/or the pyrolysis zone；
Semicoke is exported, and the semicoke outlet is arranged on the discharge zone；
Wherein, the sludge inlet is connected with the drying unit, and the fast pyrolysis reactor is suitable for use with the storage
Hot type radiant tube carries out fast pyrolysis processes to the dry sludge, to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas；And
Spray column, the spray column is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and is suitable for use with coolant the pyrolysis gas are entered
Row spray process, to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.
In sludge fast pyrogenation reaction system of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged in the way of multilayer.Adjacent
Two heat accumulation type radiant tubes in the horizontal direction with vertical direction on certain spaced apart.
Temperature field
According to one embodiment of present invention, multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is used to provide thermal source so that formed in pyrolysis zone
One or more temperature fields, and the temperature in each temperature field is uniform, thus, thermograde is formed in pyrolysis zone.
For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the pyrolysis zone formed from top to bottom preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and
Complete pyrolysis section.(that is, foring 3 temperature fields)
The number and thermograde in temperature field can be arranged as required to.
The temperature in temperature field can be adjusted in several ways, for example, adjustment heat accumulation type radiant tube is in the horizontal direction and/or perpendicular
The upward number of Nogata；The number of plies of heat accumulation type radiant tube；Spacing (vertical direction and/or water between heat accumulation type radiant tube
Square to)；Each heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature in itself；Etc..
In one embodiment of the invention, gas control valve is provided with heat accumulation type radiant tube, storage is passed through for adjusting
The flow of the combustion gas of hot type radiant tube such that it is able to the temperature of precise control heat accumulation type radiant tube.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube
Heat accumulation type radiant tube has burner respectively at the two ends of body, and the flame that burner combustion is produced at one end is in spray
Thermograde is formed when going out, i.e. gradually reduce from the outside temperature of burner.Similarly, produced in other end burner combustion
Flame spray when also form thermograde.When the burner at two ends alternately burns, the two temperature ladders for being formed
Degree superposition so that temperature is complementary, causes the overall temperature of whole heat accumulation type radiant tube uniform.For example, the single heat accumulating type spoke
The temperature difference penetrated on pipe is not more than 30 DEG C.
Sludge fast pyrogenation reaction system of the invention uses the arrangement of heat accumulation type radiant tube of the invention, due to storing
Hot type radiant tube inherently attribute (as described above, heat accumulation type radiant tube two ends burner can quick alternate combustion,
Realize heat storage type combustion), it is allowed to one or more different temperature fields are arranged in reactor as needed, thermograde is realized simultaneously
And ensure that each temperature field has uniform temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube is identical or different, as long as ensuring temperature
The temperature of field is uniform.
In one embodiment of the invention, the spacing between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube can be with identical or not
Together, as long as ensuring that the temperature in temperature field is uniform.For example, horizontal range between the adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall and perpendicular
Straight distance is separately 100~500mm, such as such as 200~300mm, such as 200mm, 300mm.
Preheating section, fast pyrogenation section are formed from top to bottom and completely in the embodiment of pyrolysis section, in the pyrolysis zone pre-
The temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in hot arc is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as ensuring that the temperature of preheating section is uniform.
Preheating section, fast pyrogenation section are formed from top to bottom and completely in the embodiment of pyrolysis section, in the pyrolysis zone fast
The temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in fast pyrolysis section is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as ensuring the temperature of fast pyrogenation section
It is uniform.
Preheating section, fast pyrogenation section are formed from top to bottom and completely in the embodiment of pyrolysis section, in the pyrolysis zone complete
The temperature of each heat accumulation type radiant tube in full pyrolysis section is identical or different, preferably identical, as long as ensuring the temperature of complete pyrolysis section
It is uniform.
Although being not limited to theory, if it is believed that sludge is unable to thermally equivalent in pyrolysis zone, local temperature is too high, leads
In pyrogenicity solution preocess there is Pintsch process in local sludge, the polymer substance of part energy generation oil in thermal decomposition product is directly given birth to
It is too low into combustion gas and semicoke, or local temperature, cause in pyrolytic process that local pyrolyzing sludge is insufficient, in causing sludge
Volatile matter can not discharge, so as to reduce biological oily yield.
In the present invention, when heat accumulation type radiant tube is arranged to form one or more temperature fields, because temperature field is each
From temperature be substantially uniform, therefore, sludge thermally equivalent when each temperature field is fallen into, the big body phase of degree for reacting
Together.Thus, along and avoid biological oily yield from declining.
The quick derivation of pyrolysis gas
Using sludge fast pyrogenation reaction system of the invention, can realize that the quick of pyrolysis gas is led after pyrolyzing sludge
Go out.Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, side of the reactor of sludge fast pyrogenation reaction system in pyrolysis zone
The roof of wall and/or dispersion area is provided with one or more pyrolysis gas outlets.During pyrolytic reaction, pyrolysis gas are produced, made
Obtain the pressure rise of the inside reactor.The pyrolysis gas of generation are quickly led under the ordering about of elevated pressure from pyrolysis gas outlet
Go out.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pumping dress connected with pyrolysis gas outlet is provided with outside reactor
Put, be conducive to from the reactor quickly deriving pyrolysis gas.
In pyrolytic process produce pyrolysis gas from reactor sidepiece derive, and be located at pyrolysis gas outlet, reactor inner side
Pyrolysis gas contacted with the material that top falls, enter reactor sidepiece pyrolysis gas in thin dirt in the material gravity
Whereabouts is carried under effect so that dust content is low in derived pyrolysis gas, so that dust content is low in the bio oil obtained after cooling down.
Pyrolysis gas outlet is at least 2, such as 2-100,3-80,5-70,10-50,20-40,30-40.More
Specifically, pyrolysis gas outlet is 8,15,22 or 28.The present invention is not limited thereto.
The quick cooling of pyrolysis gas
Pyrolysis gas are cooled rapidly by cooling device derived from pyrolysis gas outlet, thus by non-condensable gas and biology
Oil is separated.
Cloth
In addition by the present invention in that with distributing device, can cause that sludge is dispersed in pyrolysis zone, and then significantly improve
The operation stability of device.
Sludge
Make that little particle sludge is scattered, uniformly enter pyrolysis reactor by the cloth system for setting, little particle sludge
Through heat exchange in uniform temperature field, each mud granule is heated evenly, it is to avoid sludge is reunited and causes the heating rate uneven
It is uniform to reduce and then cause the problem that hydrocarbon yield declines.
Effect
Due to using heat accumulation type radiant tube arrangement of the invention, sludge can be by reactor in pyrolytic process
It is rapidly heated.The pyrolysis gas for producing simultaneously can quickly be derived reactor and are cooled rapidly.Thereby reduce in pyrolysis
Process, the secondary response (reaction can reduce biological oily yield) for deriving possible generation in process and cooling procedure, therefore, gained
Biological oily yield be significantly increased.
Simultaneously more traditional use gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source,
The system of fast pyrogenation of the invention need not set preheating unit and carrier separative element, such that it is able to greatly simplify fast speed heat
Solution reaction process flow, and then significantly reduce the fault rate of device.
The present invention can in the reactor form one or more by using specific heat accumulation type radiant tube arrangement
Temperature field is simultaneously able to ensure that the temperature in each temperature field is uniform, while it is controllable to allow the temperature in each temperature field of reactor.
Thus, make sludge in the reactor can thermally equivalent, realize flash baking and be more fully pyrolyzed, and then improve bio oil
Yield, improves the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge.
In addition, the system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, the drying unit includes：Hot cigarette stove, the hot cigarette stove is suitable to burning carbonaceous
Material, to obtain combustion product gases；Dryer, the dryer is connected with the hot cigarette stove, and is suitable for use with the burning cigarette
Gas carries out the first dried process to the sludge, to obtain the first sludge；Drying elevator, the drying elevator respectively with
The dryer is connected with the sludge inlet, and is suitable for use with heat smoke and carries out the second dried process to first sludge,
And supply into the fast pyrolysis reactor resulting dry sludge；Conveyer, the conveyer respectively with it is described
Semicoke outlet is connected with the hot cigarette stove, and is suitable to supply the high-temperature semi-coke to the hot cigarette stove；And first blower fan, institute
State the first blower fan to be connected with the heat accumulation type radiant tube and the drying elevator respectively, and be suitable to the heat accumulation type radiant tube
The high-temperature flue gas of generation are supplied to the drying elevator and used as the heat smoke.Thus, it is possible to realize the circulation of material
Utilize, so as to reduce processing cost.
In some embodiments of the invention, the system of the sludge fast pyrogenation is further included：Oil pump, the oil pump
It is connected with the spray column, and is suitable to for a part for the bio oil to be back to the spray column and makes as the coolant
With；Oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is connected with the oil pump, and is suitable to bio oil described in storage another part；Combustion gas storage tank, it is described
Combustion gas storage tank is connected with the spray column, and is suitable to store the combustion gas；Second blower fan, second blower fan respectively with the combustion
Gas storage tank is connected with the heat accumulation type radiant tube, and is suitable to the part supply of the combustion gas to the heat accumulation type radiant tube；
And the 3rd blower fan, the 3rd blower fan is connected with the combustion gas storage tank and the cloth gas entrance respectively, and be suitable to will be described
Another part of combustion gas is supplied to the cloth gas entrance and used as cloth gas.Thus, it is not necessary to which the extra coolant that sets is mended
To device, so as to significantly reduce equipment cost input.
In some embodiments of the invention, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube includes that multiple is parallel and equally distributed
Heat accumulation type radiant tube and each described heat accumulation type radiant tube and each heat accumulating type in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube
Radiant tube is parallel and is in staggered distribution along reactor body short transverse.As a result, sludge material can be equal into reactor
It is even by temperature field so that further improve sludge fast pyrogenation efficiency.
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of the reactor body is 2~20m, the heat accumulation type radiant tube
Caliber be 100~500mm, the horizontal range and vertical distance between the adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall are separately
100~500mm.Thus, it is possible to the residence time that pyrolyzing sludge needs is ensured, so as to further improve the fast pyrogenation effect of sludge
Rate.
In some embodiments of the invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube is regenerative gas radiant tube, i.e., by radiant tube pipe
The heat that body produces combustion gas carries out heat supply in the way of radiating.
In some embodiments of the invention, gas control valve is provided with the heat accumulation type radiant tube, is stored using multilayer
Thermal source needed for hot type radiant tube offer pyrolytic process, can adjust the flow of the combustion gas for being passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube, so as to
The temperature of enough precise control pyrolytic process.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature difference on the single heat accumulation type radiant tube is not more than 30 DEG C, described
Pyrolysis zone forms preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of the preheating section from top to bottom
It it is 550~900 DEG C, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of the fast pyrogenation section is 500~800 DEG C, the storage of the complete pyrolysis section
Hot type radiant tube temperature is 500~800 DEG C.As a result, reactor the same area temperature field is highly uniform, and realize reaction
Device upper, middle and lower regional temperature field is adjusted flexibly, so as to further improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of plies of multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 4-30 layers.Inventor's discovery,
This kind of structure arrangement can cause uniform distribution of temperature field in pyrolysis zone, and the fast pyrogenation such that it is able to significantly improve sludge is imitated
Rate, and then improve the yield of bio oil.
In the second aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system using sludge fast pyrogenation described above and enters
The method of row sludge fast pyrogenation.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the method includes：
(1) treatment is dried to sludge using the drying unit, to obtain dry sludge；
(2) sludge will be dried to be supplied into the reaction compartment from the sludge inlet, combustible gas and air will be supplied respectively
To in the extremely heat accumulation type radiant tube so that the combustible gas burns generation heat to described dry in the heat accumulation type radiant tube
Dry sludge carries out fast pyrolysis processes, to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas；And
(3) in spray column, the pyrolysis gas discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet are carried out at spray using coolant
Reason, to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.
The method of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is to be pyrolyzed by using multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube
Journey carries supplying heat source, can realize the accurate control to pyrolytic process by adjusting the flow of the combustion gas for being passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube
Temperature, and quick commutation and heat storage type combustion of the heat accumulation type radiant tube by two ends, it is ensured that the uniformity in temperature field, so that can
To significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge, and then the yield of bio oil is improved, while more traditional use gas heat carrier
Or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source, the system of fast pyrogenation of the invention need not set pre-
Hot cell and carrier separative element, such that it is able to greatly simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow, and then significantly reduce device
Dust content is relatively low in fault rate and gained bio oil, secondly by the present invention in that with distributing device, sludge can be caused in pyrolysis zone
In it is dispersed, and abrasion of the sludge to radiant tube can be prevented again, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device, in addition compared with
Conventional art is compared, and the present invention can obtain the homogeneous bio oil with value high, be easy to marketing.
In addition, the method for sludge fast pyrogenation according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technology
Feature：
In some embodiments of the invention, step (1) is carried out using the following steps：(1-1) is in the hot cigarette stove
Burning carbonaceous materials, to obtain combustion product gases；(1-2) is entered using the combustion product gases in the dryer to the sludge
The dried process of row first, to obtain the first sludge；(1-3) is dirty to described first using heat smoke in the drying elevator
Mud is dried and is lifted, and resulting dry sludge is supplied to the fast pyrolysis reactor through the sludge inlet
In；(1-4) is lifted using the high-temperature flue gas that first blower fan produces the heat accumulation type radiant tube through supplying to the drying
In machine；(1-5) is supplied to the hot cigarette stove high-temperature semi-coke using the conveyer.Thus, it is possible to realize to high-moisture
The low cost drying of sludge, so as to significantly reduce the fast pyrolysis processes cost of sludge.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method for the sludge fast pyrogenation is further included：(4) by the combustion gas
It is stored in the combustion gas storage tank；(5) part for the combustion gas is supplied to the heat accumulating type spoke using second blower fan
Pipe is penetrated as fuel；And (6) are supplied to the cloth gas entrance another part of the combustion gas using the 3rd blower fan
Used as cloth gas.Thus, it is possible to significantly reduce the fast pyrolysis processes cost of sludge.
In some embodiments of the invention, the temperature difference on the single heat accumulation type radiant tube is not more than 30 DEG C, described
Pyrolysis zone forms preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of the preheating section from top to bottom
It it is 550~900 DEG C, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of the fast pyrogenation section is 500~800 DEG C, the storage of the complete pyrolysis section
Hot type radiant tube temperature is 500~800 DEG C.As a result, reactor the same area temperature field is highly uniform, and realize reaction
Device upper, middle and lower regional temperature field is adjusted flexibly, so as to further improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge.
In some embodiments of the invention, the time of the fast pyrolysis processes be 1~10 second, the sludge it is aqueous
It is 50~80wt% to measure, and the water content of first sludge is less than 20wt%, and the water content for drying sludge is less than 6wt%.
As a result, entering, stove sludge water content is small, so as to the drying power consumption for entering sludge itself moisture after stove is few, and then the quick of sludge is improved
Pyrolysis efficiency.
Additional aspect of the invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by practice of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Of the invention above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage will become from description of the accompanying drawings below to embodiment is combined
Substantially and be readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram of sludge fast pyrogenation according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure of the fast pyrolysis reactor in the system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to an embodiment of the invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the system structure diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to further embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the system structure diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the system structure diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the method flow schematic diagram of sludge fast pyrogenation according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the method flow schematic diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to further embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the method flow schematic diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 9 is the method flow schematic diagram of the sludge fast pyrogenation according to another embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from start to finish
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
It is exemplary to scheme the embodiment of description, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " be based on orientation shown in the drawings or
Position relationship, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, must rather than the device or element for indicating or imply meaning
With specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must be not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the invention, " multiple " is meant that at least two, such as two, three
It is individual etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects
Connect, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or two interaction relationships of element, unless otherwise clearly restriction.For one of ordinary skill in the art
For, can as the case may be understand above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be with
It is the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature are directly over second feature or oblique upper, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of system of sludge fast pyrogenation.Below with reference to Fig. 1-5 pairs
The system of the sludge fast pyrogenation of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the system includes：
Drying unit 100：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, drying unit 100 is suitable to be dried sludge treatment, so that
Dry sludge can be obtained.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve follow-up sludge fast pyrogenation efficiency.
Fast pyrolysis reactor 200：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 2, fast pyrolysis reactor 200 includes anti-
Answer in device body 20, reactor body 20 and limit reaction compartment 21, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, reaction compartment 21 is certainly
Go up and lower formation dispersion area 22, pyrolysis zone 23 and discharge zone 24.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, have multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube 25 and distributing device 26 in reaction compartment 21.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, have sludge inlet 201, cloth gas entrance 202, Duo Gere on reactor body 20
Vent one's spleen and export 203 and semicoke outlet 204.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, sludge inlet 201 is located at dispersion area 22 and positioned at the top of distributing device 26, and is suitable to
Sludge is supplied and is dispersed in pyrolysis zone into reaction compartment 21 and after distributing device.Specifically, sludge inlet 201 can be with
On the side wall of dispersion area 22.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, cloth gas entrance 202 is located at the inside of dispersion area 22 and is connected with distributing device 26, and
It is suitable to cloth gas (nitrogen etc.) is supplied in distributing device 26, so that the dry sludge blowout in distributing device 26 is entered into dispersion area
12, so that sludge is uniformly distributed in pyrolysis zone, and then further improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge.Specifically, cloth
Material gas entrance 202 may be located on the side wall of dispersion area 22.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube 25 is in pyrolysis zone 23 along the height side of reactor body 20
To being spaced apart, and every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube includes the heat accumulation type radiant tube of multiple horizontally spaced distributions, according to
Specific embodiment of the invention, every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube includes multiple parallel and equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tubes and every
Individual heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel with each heat accumulation type radiant tube in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube and along reaction
Device body height direction is in staggered distribution.The caliber of specific example heat accumulation type radiant tube of the invention can for 100~
500mm.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge, and then improve the yield of bio oil.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, between adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall horizontal range and vertical distance difference
It independently is 100~500mm.Thus, it is possible to further improve the yield of bio oil.It is to be understood that adjacent heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate the distance that the horizontal range between pipe outer wall can be understood as on same layer between heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall, and adjacent heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate the vertical distance between pipe outer wall can be understood as the adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall of adjacent upper and lower two interlayer between distance.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the number of plies of multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube can be 4-30 layers.Inventor's discovery,
This kind of structure arrangement can cause uniform distribution of temperature field in pyrolysis zone, and the fast pyrogenation such that it is able to significantly improve sludge is imitated
Rate, and then improve the yield of bio oil.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, heat accumulation type radiant tube can be regenerative gas radiant tube, i.e., by radiant tube
Combustion gas carry out heat supply in the way of heat radiation in body.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, can on heat accumulation type radiant tube
To be provided with gas control valve (not shown).Thus, it is possible to passing through to adjust gas control valve regulation is passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube
The flow of combustion gas is realized, to the accurate temperature controlling of pyrolytic process, such that it is able to significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge, entering to wait
And improve the yield of bio oil.
Specifically, flow of combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube etc. can be passed through by adjustment realizing to the accurate of pyrolytic process
Temperature control, and use rapid switching valve so that the temperature field of single radiant tube is more or less the same in 30 DEG C, so that in ensureing reaction compartment
The uniformity in temperature field.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, pyrolysis zone forms preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section from top to bottom, in advance
The heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of hot arc is 550~900 DEG C, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of fast pyrogenation section is 500~800 DEG C,
The heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of complete pyrolysis section is 500~800 DEG C.Thus, it is possible to further improve the pyrolysis efficiency of sludge.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, distributing device 26 may be located inside dispersion area 22, and be suitable for use with the inertia such as nitrogen
Sludge blowout in distributing device 26 is entered dispersion area by gas, pyrolysis zone is equably fallen into, so that it is uniformly scattered in pyrolysis
Qu Zhong.Thus, compared compared with conventional rapid thermal solution technique, the present invention can save rotation (stirring) unit by using distributing device,
And then significantly reduce the fault rate of device.It should be noted that " distributing device " herein can be in the prior art using gas
Body will dry any device that sludge is dispelled.Specifically, distributing device 26 may be located on the side wall of dispersion area 22.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, multiple pyrolysis gas outlets 203 can be separately positioned on dispersion area 22 and/or pyrolysis zone
23.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, multiple pyrolysis gas outlets 203 can be separately positioned on dispersion area 22 top and/or
On the side wall of pyrolysis zone 23.Inventor is had found, by way of being combined using top outlet and/or side wall outlet, can caused
Semicoke in pyrolysis gas by sedimentation separation, so as to significantly reduce the dust content of pyrolysis gas.From the angle of technological design, from pyrolysis zone
The mode of side wall outlet be preferred.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, semicoke outlet 204 can be arranged on discharge zone 24, and be suitable to pyrogenous origin half
Jiao's discharge discharge zone.Specifically, semicoke outlet 204 can be arranged on the bottom of discharge zone 24.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the internal face of dispersion area 22 can be with spherical type or taper.Thus, it is possible to so that through
The sludge that distributing device is broken up uniformly is trickled down in pyrolysis zone after being dispersed through area, so as to further improve the pyrolysis efficiency of sludge.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, discharge zone 24 can be in back taper.Thus, it is possible to so that pyrogenous origin semicoke is suitable
Profit discharge discharge zone.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the height of reactor body 20 can be 2~20m.Thus, it is possible to realize to sludge
Pyrolysis completely.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, sludge inlet 201 is connected with drying unit 100, and fast pyrolysis reactor 200 is suitable to
Fast pyrolysis processes are carried out to dry sludge using heat accumulation type radiant tube, to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas.Thus, may be used
To realize the maximization of sludge value.According to still a further embodiment, the fast pyrogenation time of sludge is 1~10
Second.Thus, it is possible to the secondary pyrolytic reaction and cross-linking reaction degree of thermal decomposition product are effectively reduced, so as to significantly improve bio oil
Yield.
Spray column 300：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, spray column 300 is connected with pyrolysis gas outlet 203, and is suitable for use with
Coolant carries out spray process to pyrolysis gas, such that it is able to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, spray
Drenching inside tower 300 can be provided with multilayer nozzle 31, and spray column 300 is internally located to be provided with below every layer of nozzle and fills out
Material 32.Thus, it is possible to the seizure and purification of combustion gas are realized, so as to significantly improve the separative efficiency of combustion gas and bio oil.Specifically,
Two-layer nozzle can be provided with inside spray column.It should be noted that multiple nozzles can be included in every layer of nozzle.According to this hair
Bright one embodiment, the particular type of coolant is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs
Selected, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, coolant can use bio oil.Another implementation of the invention
Example, pyrolysis gas were down to less than 50 degrees Celsius in 1~2 second in spray column from 450~480 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to further
Improve the separative efficiency of combustion gas and bio oil.Specifically, can also by pyrolysis gas supply to spray column carry out spray process it
Before, gas solid separation treatment is carried out to pyrolysis gas using cyclone separator in advance, such that it is able to what is carried secretly in effectively removing pyrolysis gas
Semicoke particle, and then the dust content of bio oil can be significantly reduced.
The system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is to be pyrolyzed by using multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube
Journey carries supplying heat source, can realize the accurate control to pyrolytic process by adjusting the flow of the combustion gas for being passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube
Temperature, and quick commutation and heat storage type combustion of the heat accumulation type radiant tube by two ends, it is ensured that the uniformity in temperature field, so that can
To significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge, and then the yield of bio oil is improved, while more traditional use gas heat carrier
Or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source, the system of fast pyrogenation of the invention need not set pre-
Hot cell and carrier separative element, such that it is able to greatly simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow, and then significantly reduce device
Dust content is relatively low in fault rate and gained bio oil, secondly by the present invention in that with distributing device, sludge can be caused in pyrolysis zone
In it is dispersed, and abrasion of the sludge to radiant tube can be prevented again, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device, in addition compared with
Conventional art is compared, and the present invention can obtain the homogeneous bio oil with value high, be easy to marketing.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 3, drying unit 100 includes：
Hot cigarette stove 11：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, hot cigarette stove 11 is suitable to burning carbonaceous materials, such that it is able to be burnt
Flue gas.According to one embodiment of present invention, the particular type of carbonaceous material is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can
To be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbonaceous material can be semi-coke, anthracite and semicoke
Deng.According to another embodiment of the invention, the temperature of combustion product gases can be 500~600 DEG C.
Dryer 12：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, dryer 12 is connected with hot cigarette stove 11, and is suitable for use with combustion product gases
First dried process is carried out to sludge, such that it is able to obtain the first sludge.Thus, sludge is done by using combustion product gases
Dry treatment, can significantly improve the drying efficiency of sludge, so as to improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge in subsequent process.The step
In, specifically, carrying out press filtration to sludge first, the sludge moisture content for obtaining is 50~80wt%, then using combustion product gases pair
Sludge is dried treatment, and water content is less than 20wt% in the first sludge for obtaining.
Drying elevator 13：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, drying elevator 13 respectively with dryer 12 and sludge inlet
201 are connected, and are suitable for use with heat smoke and carry out the second dried process to the first sludge, and resulting dry sludge is supplied
Into fast pyrolysis reactor 200.According to one embodiment of present invention, the temperature of heat smoke is not particularly restricted, ability
Field technique personnel can be selected according to actual needs, and according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of heat smoke can be
200~250 DEG C.Thus, the waste heat of flue gas can not only be made full use of so that system energy consumption is significantly reduced, and can be effective
Avoid the too high fire safety hidden danger brought of sludge temperature.According to another embodiment of the invention, water content in sludge is dried
It is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art can be selected according to actual needs, according to a particular embodiment of the invention,
Sludge moisture content is dried less than 6wt%.Specifically, by from dry lifting be in control dry sludge supply it is anti-to fast pyrogenation
Before answering device, gas solid separation can be carried out to drying sludge using cyclone separator, the cigarette carried secretly in sludge is dried to remove
Gas, and it is resulting remove flue gas dry sewage sludge storage into drying sludge hopper, then by drying sludge hopper to fast
Supply dries sludge in fast pyrolysis reactor carries out fast pyrogenation reaction, while entering again after the flue gas of separation is carried out into purified treatment
Row discharge.
Conveyer 14：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, conveyer 14 is connected with semicoke outlet 204 and hot cigarette stove 11 respectively,
And be suitable to supply high-temperature semi-coke into hot cigarette stove 11.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the high-temperature semi-coke of gained
It is 400~500 DEG C.Thus, produced by being used as carbonaceous material burning using the high-temperature semi-coke obtained in fast pyrolysis reactor
Combustion product gases are dried treatment to sludge, can not only significantly improve the efficiency of combustion of hot cigarette stove carbonaceous material, and can be with
Significantly reduce the input of raw material.
First blower fan 15：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the first blower fan 15 respectively with exhanst gas outlet and drying elevator 13
It is connected, and is suitable to supply high-temperature flue gas to drying elevator and is used as heat smoke.Thus, it is possible to make full use of the remaining of flue gas
Heat, so as to further reduce production cost.
With reference to Fig. 4, the system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is further included：
Oil pump 400：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, oil pump 400 is connected with spray column 300, and is suitable to the one of bio oil
Part is back to spray column 300 and is used as coolant.Thus, the bio oil isolated by using internal system is used as cooling
Liquid is used, and can save extra coolant device for supplying, so as to save the investment of equipment cost.
Oil storage tank 500：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, oil storage tank 500 is connected with oil pump 400, and is suitable to store another portion
Decomposing biological oil.
With reference to Fig. 5, the system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is further included：
Combustion gas storage tank 600：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, combustion gas storage tank 600 is connected with spray column 300, and is suitable to storage
Combustion gas.
Second blower fan 700：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the second blower fan 700 respectively with combustion gas storage tank 600 and heat accumulating type spoke
Penetrate pipe 25 to be connected, and be suitable to the part supply of combustion gas to heat accumulation type radiant tube 25.Thus, it is possible to realize the energy in system
Recycle, so as to significantly reduce processing cost.
3rd blower fan 800：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the 3rd blower fan 800 enters with combustion gas storage tank 600 and cloth gas respectively
Mouthfuls 202 are connected, and are suitable to supply another part of combustion gas to cloth gas entrance 202 and are used as cloth gas.Thus, it is possible to adopt
The sludge entered from sludge inlet is broken up with combustion gas, so that it is uniformly scattered in pyrolysis zone.
Understand for convenience, the technique to the sludge fast pyrolysis systems using the embodiment of the present invention is retouched in detail below
State.
Specifically, producing combustion product gases using hot cigarette stove burning carbonaceous materials first, gained combustion product gases are supplied to baking
The first dried process is carried out to sludge in dry machine, the first sludge is obtained, then to drying elevator supply heat smoke to gained the
One sludge carries out the second dried process, obtains drying sludge, and enter promoting the circulation of qi in cyclone separator to the resulting sludge that dries
Gu separating treatment, the flue gas carried secretly in sludge is dried to remove, and resulting removing flue gas is dried into sewage sludge storage extremely
Dry in sludge hopper, while being discharged again after the flue gas of separation is carried out into purified treatment, then will be stored in and dry sludge
Drying in hopper is passed through storage during sludge supplies the reaction compartment into fast pyrolysis reactor through conveying worm by adjustment
The accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process is realized in the combustion gas of hot type radiant tube and the flow of air etc. so that the heat accumulating type radiation of preheating section
Pipe temperature is 550~900 DEG C, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of fast pyrogenation section is 400~800 DEG C, the accumulation of heat of complete pyrolysis section
Formula radiant tube temperature is 500~800 DEG C, and the sludge of entrance is broken up and in dispersion area by the distributing device below sludge inlet
It scatter so that sludge is uniformly scattered in pyrolysis zone, the pyrolysis gas of the pyrolysis gas of generation from reactor body side wall and/or top
Outlet discharge, and the high-temperature semi-coke produced in pyrolytic process will be arranged through semicoke outlet discharge reactor body from pyrolysis gas outlet
The pyrolysis gas for going out are supplied into cyclone separator carries out gas solid separation treatment, the pyrolysis gas of isolated semicoke particle and purification,
The semicoke particle for obtaining is stored in semicoke hopper, and then the high-temperature semi-coke and semicoke particle of gained are supplied to heat by conveyer
In cigarette stove, the high-temperature flue gas that will be produced in radiant tube are supplied into drying elevator by the first blower fan and used as heat smoke,
And the pyrolysis gas that will be purified are supplied into spray column and carry out spray process, pyrolysis gas are in 1~2 second from 450~480 DEG C of drops
To less than 50 DEG C, wherein oil vapour is captured and gets off to form bio oil, so as to be separated with combustion gas, the one of the bio oil for obtaining
Part is supplied by oil pump is used as coolant into spray column and uses, and another part pyrolysis is driven into oil storage tank through oil pump and carries out
Storage, meanwhile, by isolated gas storage to combustion gas storage tank, a part of combustion gas in combustion gas storage tank then will be stored in
Supplied into heat accumulation type radiant tube through the second blower fan, another combustion gas in combustion gas storage tank is supplied to cloth gas through the 3rd blower fan
Entrance breaks up the sludge entered from sludge inlet as cloth gas, it is uniformly scattered in reaction compartment.
As described above, the system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention can have the advantages that selected from it is following extremely
It is one of few：
The system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention takes heat accumulation type radiant tube technology, belongs to indirectly heat
Technology, process is simple；
The system of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is by the drying moisture of control material, in reactor
Residence time, material fast pyrogenation is realized, obtain homogeneous bio oil, product utilization value is improved.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method of sludge fast pyrogenation.It is of the invention
Embodiment, the method is carried out using the system of the sludge fast pyrogenation of foregoing description.It is real below with reference to Fig. 6-9 couples of present invention
The method for applying the sludge fast pyrogenation of example is described in detail.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the method includes：
S100：Treatment is dried to sludge using drying unit
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, treatment is dried to sludge using drying unit, dry such that it is able to obtain
Sludge.Thus, it is possible to significantly improve follow-up sludge fast pyrogenation efficiency.
S200：Sludge will be dried carries out fast pyrolysis processes in fast pyrolysis reactor
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, will dry sludge and are supplied into reaction compartment from sludge inlet, by combustible gas and sky
Gas is respectively fed in heat accumulation type radiant tube so that combustible gas burns generation heat to dry in the heat accumulation type radiant tube
Sludge carries out fast pyrolysis processes, such that it is able to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas.
Specifically, flow of combustion gas of heat accumulation type radiant tube etc. can be passed through by adjustment realizing to the accurate of pyrolytic process
Temperature control, and use rapid switching valve so that the temperature field of single radiant tube is more or less the same in 30 DEG C, so that in ensureing reaction compartment
The uniformity in temperature field, and cause that the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of preheating section is 550~900 DEG C, fast pyrogenation by adjustment
The heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of section is 500~800 DEG C, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of complete pyrolysis section is 500~800 DEG C.
S300：Pyrolysis gas are carried out into spray process in spray column
The pyrolysis gas discharged through pyrolysis gas outlet in spray column, are supplied by embodiments in accordance with the present invention using coolant
To spray process is carried out in spray column, such that it is able to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.According to one embodiment of present invention, cool down
The particular type of liquid is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention
Specific embodiment, coolant can use bio oil.According to still a further embodiment, pyrolysis gas in spray column
In 1~2 second less than 50 degrees Celsius are down to from 450~480 degrees Celsius.Thus, it is possible to further improve combustion gas and bio oil point
From efficiency.Specifically, can also be before pyrolysis gas be supplied carries out spray process to spray column, in advance using cyclone separator
Gas solid separation treatment is carried out to pyrolysis gas, such that it is able to effectively remove the semicoke particle carried secretly in pyrolysis gas, and then can be notable
Reduce the dust content of bio oil.
The method of sludge fast pyrogenation according to embodiments of the present invention is to be pyrolyzed by using multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube
Journey carries supplying heat source, can realize the accurate control to pyrolytic process by adjusting the flow of the combustion gas for being passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube
Temperature, and quick commutation and heat storage type combustion of the heat accumulation type radiant tube by two ends, it is ensured that the uniformity in temperature field, so that can
To significantly improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge, and then the yield of bio oil is improved, while more traditional use gas heat carrier
Or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source, the system of fast pyrogenation of the invention need not set pre-
Hot cell and carrier separative element, such that it is able to greatly simplify fast pyrogenation reaction process flow, and then significantly reduce device
Dust content is relatively low in fault rate and gained bio oil, secondly by the present invention in that with distributing device, sludge can be caused in pyrolysis zone
In it is dispersed, and abrasion of the sludge to radiant tube can be prevented again, and then significantly improve the operation stability of device, in addition compared with
Conventional art is compared, and the present invention can obtain the homogeneous bio oil with value high, be easy to marketing.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 7, S100 is carried out using the following steps：
S110：In hot cigarette stove burning carbonaceous materials
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, in hot cigarette stove burning carbonaceous materials, such that it is able to obtain combustion product gases.According to this hair
Bright one embodiment, the particular type of carbonaceous material is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can be according to actual need
Selected, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, carbonaceous material can be semi-coke, anthracite and semicoke etc..According to this hair
Another bright embodiment, the temperature of combustion product gases can be 500~600 DEG C.
S120：The first dried process is carried out to sludge using combustion product gases in dryer
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the first dried process is carried out in dryer using combustion product gases to sludge, so that
The first sludge can be obtained.Thus, treatment is dried to sludge by using combustion product gases, the dry of sludge can be significantly improved
Dry efficiency, so as to improve the fast pyrogenation efficiency of sludge in subsequent process.In the step, specifically, pressing sludge first
Filter, the sludge moisture content for obtaining is 50~80wt%, treatment is then dried to sludge using combustion product gases, first for obtaining
Water content is less than 20wt% in sludge.
S130：The first sludge is dried and is lifted using heat smoke in elevator is dried
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, are dried and are lifted using heat smoke in elevator is dried to the first sludge,
And the dry sludge that will be obtained is supplied into fast pyrolysis reactor through sludge inlet.According to one embodiment of present invention,
The temperature of heat smoke is not particularly restricted, and those skilled in the art can be selected according to actual needs, according to the present invention
Specific embodiment, the temperature of heat smoke can be 200~250 DEG C.Thus, the waste heat of flue gas can be not only made full use of, is made
Obtaining system energy consumption significantly reduces, and it is possible to prevente effectively from the too high fire safety hidden danger brought of sludge temperature.According to the present invention
Another embodiment, water content is not particularly restricted in drying sludge, and those skilled in the art can be according to actual needs
Selected, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, dried sludge moisture content less than 6wt%.Specifically, will lifted from drying
The sludge that dries being in control is supplied to before fast pyrolysis reactor, can carry out gas-solid to drying sludge using cyclone separator
Separate, the flue gas carried secretly in sludge dried to remove, and it is resulting remove flue gas dry sewage sludge storage to drying sludge
In hopper, then dry sludge and carry out fast pyrogenation reaction to supply in fast pyrolysis reactor by drying sludge hopper, together
When the flue gas of separation is carried out into purified treatment after discharged again.
S140：High-temperature flue gas are supplied into drying elevator through exhanst gas outlet using the first blower fan
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, are supplied to drying elevator high-temperature flue gas through exhanst gas outlet using the first blower fan
In, used as heat smoke to supply high-temperature flue gas to drying elevator.Thus, it is possible to the waste heat of flue gas is made full use of,
So as to further reduce production cost.
S150：High-temperature semi-coke is supplied to hot cigarette stove using conveyer
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, supplied into hot cigarette stove high-temperature semi-coke using conveyer is made as carbonaceous material
With.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the high-temperature semi-coke of gained is 400~500 DEG C.Thus, by using quick
The semicoke obtained in pyrolysis reactor produces combustion product gases that treatment is dried to sludge as carbonaceous material burning, not only can be with
The efficiency of combustion of hot cigarette stove carbonaceous material is significantly improved, and the input of raw material can be significantly reduced.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 8, the method for sludge fast pyrogenation is further included：
S400：By gas storage in combustion gas storage tank
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, by gas storage isolated in spray column in combustion gas storage tank.
S500：Using the second blower fan using the part supply of combustion gas to heat accumulation type radiant tube as fuel
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, using the second blower fan by and be suitable to by combustion gas a part supply to heat accumulating type radiate
Pipe is used as fuel.Thus, it is possible to recycling for the energy in system is realized, so as to significantly reduce processing cost.
S600：Another part of combustion gas is supplied to cloth gas entrance using the 3rd blower fan
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, are supplied another part of combustion gas to cloth gas entrance as cloth using the 3rd blower fan
Material gas.Thus, it is possible to broken up the sludge entered from sludge inlet using combustion gas, so that it is uniformly scattered in reaction compartment
In.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, with reference to Fig. 9, the method for sludge fast pyrogenation is further included：
S700：A part for bio oil is back to by spray column using oil pump
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, a part for bio oil is back into spray column using oil pump makes as coolant
With.Thus, the bio oil isolated by using internal system is used as coolant, can save extra coolant supply
Device, so as to save the investment of equipment cost.
S800：Another part of bio oil is stored in oil storage tank.
It should be noted that the feature and advantage described by the above-mentioned system for sludge fast pyrogenation are equally applicable for the dirt
The method of mud fast pyrogenation, here is omitted.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it is necessary to explanation, these embodiments are only description
Property, and the present invention is limited never in any form.
Embodiment 1
The system that the present embodiment 1 uses the sludge fast pyrogenation of Fig. 1-5, wherein, 30 layers of heat accumulation type radiant tube 25 are in pyrolysis
It is spaced apart along the short transverse of reactor body 20 in area 23, and adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube is along level and reactor body
With identical spaced apart and parallel distribution straggly in height both direction.It is the circle of 100mm that heat accumulation type radiant tube uses caliber
Pipe, the outer wall distance of adjacent radiation pipe is 100mm in level, and the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 100mm.
Sludge is processed using sludge fast pyrogenation reaction system of the invention, its sludge analyze data, technique behaviour
Make parameter and material balance is shown in Table 1-3, fast pyrogenation time 10s.
The sludge analyze data of table 1
The process operation parameter of table 2
| Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value |
| 1 | Preheating section radiant tube temperature | 550℃ |
| 2 | Reactor preheating section temperature | 406℃ |
| 3 | Fast pyrogenation section radiant tube temperature | 500℃ |
| 4 | Reactor fast pyrogenation section temperature | 439℃ |
| 5 | Complete pyrolysis section radiant tube temperature | 500℃ |
| 6 | The complete pyrolysis section temperature of reactor | 476℃ |
Note：Reactor in table 2 refers to fast pyrolysis reactor.
The material balance table of table 3
Embodiment 2
The system that the present embodiment 2 uses the sludge fast pyrogenation of Fig. 1-5, wherein, 4 layers of heat accumulation type radiant tube 25 are in pyrolysis zone
It is spaced apart along the short transverse of reactor body 20 in 23, and adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube is high along level and reactor body
With identical spaced apart and parallel distribution straggly in degree both direction.It is the round tube of 500mm that heat accumulation type radiant tube uses caliber,
The outer wall distance of adjacent radiation pipe is 500mm in level, and the outer wall spacing of levels adjacent radiation pipe is 500mm.
Junked tire is processed using tire fast pyrogenation reaction system of the invention, sludge raw material to be pyrolyzed is with real
Example 1 is applied, process operation parameter and material balance are shown in Table 4-5, fast pyrogenation time 1s.
The process operation parameter of table 4
| Sequence number | Parameter name | Parameter value |
| 1 | Preheating section radiant tube temperature | 900℃ |
| 2 | Reactor preheating section temperature | 464℃ |
| 3 | Fast pyrogenation section radiant tube temperature | 800℃ |
| 4 | Reactor fast pyrogenation section temperature | 495℃ |
| 5 | Complete pyrolysis section radiant tube temperature | 800℃ |
| 6 | The complete pyrolysis section temperature of reactor | 514℃ |
The material balance table of table 5
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine specific features, structure, material or spy that the embodiment or example are described
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the invention or example.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be with office
Combined in an appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or example.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area
Art personnel can be tied the feature of the different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or example
Close and combine.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of system of sludge fast pyrogenation, it is characterised in that including：
Drying unit, the drying unit is suitable to be dried sludge treatment, to obtain dry sludge；
Fast pyrolysis reactor,
The fast pyrolysis reactor includes：
Reactor body, limits reaction compartment in the reactor body, the reaction compartment formed from top to bottom dispersion area,
Pyrolysis zone and discharge zone；
The dispersion area includes：
Distributing device；
Sludge inlet, the sludge inlet is located at the top of the distributing device；
Cloth gas entrance, the cloth gas entrance is connected with the distributing device, to use cloth gas by the distributing device
Sludge blowout enter dispersion area, equably fall into pyrolysis zone；
The pyrolysis zone includes：
Multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube, the multilayer heat accumulation type radiant tube is in the pyrolysis zone along the reactor body height side
To being spaced apart, and every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube includes the heat accumulation type radiant tube of multiple horizontally spaced distributions；
The discharge zone includes：Semicoke is exported；
Multiple pyrolysis gas outlets, the multiple pyrolysis gas outlet is separately positioned on the dispersion area and/or the pyrolysis zone；
Wherein, the sludge inlet is connected with the drying unit, and the fast pyrolysis reactor is suitable for use with the heat accumulating type
Radiant tube carries out fast pyrolysis processes to the dry sludge, to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas；And
Spray column, the spray column is connected with the pyrolysis gas outlet, and is suitable for use with coolant the pyrolysis gas are sprayed
Pouring is processed, to obtain bio oil and combustion gas.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drying unit includes：
Hot cigarette stove, the hot cigarette stove is suitable to burning carbonaceous materials, to obtain combustion product gases；
Dryer, the dryer is connected with the hot cigarette stove, and is suitable for use with the combustion product gases is carried out to the sludge
One dried process, to obtain the first sludge；
Drying elevator, the drying elevator is connected with the dryer and the sludge inlet respectively, and is suitable for use with heat
Flue gas carries out the second dried process to first sludge, and resulting dry sludge is supplied anti-to the fast pyrogenation
In answering device；
Conveyer, the conveyer is connected with semicoke outlet and the hot cigarette stove respectively, and is suitable to the high-temperature semi-coke
Supply to the hot cigarette stove；And
First blower fan, first blower fan is connected with the heat accumulation type radiant tube and the drying elevator respectively, and be suitable to by
The high-temperature flue gas that the heat accumulation type radiant tube is produced are supplied to the drying elevator and used as the heat smoke.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that further include：
Oil pump, the oil pump is connected with the spray column, and is suitable to for a part for the bio oil to be back to the spray column
Used as the coolant；
Oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is connected with the oil pump, and is suitable to bio oil described in storage another part；
Combustion gas storage tank, the combustion gas storage tank is connected with the spray column, and is suitable to store the combustion gas；
Second blower fan, second blower fan is connected with the combustion gas storage tank and the heat accumulation type radiant tube respectively, and is suitable to institute
The part for stating combustion gas is supplied to the heat accumulation type radiant tube；And
3rd blower fan, the 3rd blower fan is connected with the combustion gas storage tank and the cloth gas entrance respectively, and be suitable to will be described
Another part of combustion gas is supplied to the cloth gas entrance and used as cloth gas.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every layer of heat accumulation type radiant tube include it is multiple parallel and
Equally distributed heat accumulation type radiant tube and each described heat accumulation type radiant tube with it is every in adjacent upper and lower two-layer heat accumulation type radiant tube
One heat accumulation type radiant tube is parallel and is in staggered distribution along reactor body short transverse.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of the reactor body is 2~20m, the storage
The caliber of hot type radiant tube is the horizontal range and vertical distance point between 100~500mm, the adjacent heat accumulation type radiant tube outer wall
100~500mm independently is not it.
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with gas control valve on the heat accumulation type radiant tube.
7. a kind of system of sludge fast pyrogenation using described in claim any one of 1-6 carries out the side of sludge fast pyrogenation
Method, it is characterised in that including：
(1) treatment is dried to sludge using the drying unit, to obtain dry sludge；
(2) sludge will be dried to be supplied into the reaction compartment from the sludge inlet, combustible gas and air will be respectively fed to
In the heat accumulation type radiant tube so that the combustible gas burns generation heat to described dry in the heat accumulation type radiant tube
Sludge carries out fast pyrolysis processes, to obtain high-temperature semi-coke and pyrolysis gas；And
(3) in spray column, spray process is carried out to the pyrolysis gas discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet using coolant, with
Just bio oil and combustion gas are obtained.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the temperature difference on the single heat accumulation type radiant tube is not more than
30 DEG C, the pyrolysis zone forms preheating section, fast pyrogenation section and complete pyrolysis section, the heat accumulating type spoke of the preheating section from top to bottom
Pipe temperature is penetrated for 550~900 DEG C, the heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature of the fast pyrogenation section is 500~800 DEG C, the complete heat
The heat accumulation type radiant tube temperature for solving section is 500~800 DEG C.
9. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step (1) is carried out using the following steps：
(1-1) in hot cigarette stove burning carbonaceous materials, to obtain combustion product gases；
(1-2) carries out the first dried process using the combustion product gases in dryer to the sludge, dirty to obtain first
Mud；
(1-3) is dried and is lifted using heat smoke in elevator is dried to first sludge, and resulting is done
Dry sludge is supplied into the fast pyrolysis reactor through the sludge inlet；
The high-temperature flue gas that (1-4) is produced the heat accumulation type radiant tube using the first blower fan are through supplying to the drying elevator
In；
(1-5) is supplied to the hot cigarette stove high-temperature semi-coke using conveyer.
10. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that further include：
(4) by the gas storage in combustion gas storage tank；
(5) the second blower fan is used using the part supply of the combustion gas to the heat accumulation type radiant tube as fuel；And
(6) another part of the combustion gas is supplied to the cloth gas entrance using the 3rd blower fan and is used as cloth gas.
11. methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the time of the fast pyrolysis processes is 1~10 second,
The water content of the sludge is 50~80wt%,
The water content of first sludge is less than 20wt%,
The water content for drying sludge is less than 6wt%.
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| CN105482839A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Coal pyrolysis reactor-circulating fluid bed boiler combined system and application thereof |
| CN105567278A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-05-11 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Pyrolysis reaction system and method for pyrolyzing oil shale |
| CN105602586A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北加德科技股份有限公司 | System for urban sludge flue gas drying middle-temperature pyrolysis carbonization |
| CN107446629A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | The system and method for handling low-order coal |
| CN109574455B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-07-27 | 苏州雨苏环境科技有限公司 | Heat accumulating type sludge drying and carbonizing system |
| CN111153577A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-05-15 | 美景（北京）环保科技有限公司 | Oily sludge treatment device and treatment method |
| CN111518577B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2021-11-02 | 湖南华仁宏顺科技有限公司 | Device and method for pyrolyzing slurry organic solid waste |
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