CN105129752A - Synthesis method of sodium azide - Google Patents
Synthesis method of sodium azide Download PDFInfo
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- CN105129752A CN105129752A CN201510466331.9A CN201510466331A CN105129752A CN 105129752 A CN105129752 A CN 105129752A CN 201510466331 A CN201510466331 A CN 201510466331A CN 105129752 A CN105129752 A CN 105129752A
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- nitrite
- sodiumazide
- hydrazine hydrate
- synthesis method
- synthetic method
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synthesis method of sodium azide. According to the synthesis method, sodium nitrite and isoamyl alcohol are taken as the initial raw materials; sodium nitrite and isoamyl carry out reactions, the reaction product is isoamyl nitrite, isoamyl nitrite is dropwise added into alkaline hydrazine hydrate to carry out reactions, and the reaction product is sodium azide crystal. In the provided synthesis method, liquid-liquid homogenous reactions are carried out, the process is easy to control, the operation is stable and safe, the yield is improved by 5% or more, the comprehensive cost is low, and the synthesis method can be applied to industrial massive production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of synthetic method of sodiumazide; Belong to chemical field.
Background technology
Sodiumazide (NaN3) is a kind of hexagonal crystal of colorless and odorless, usually applies in medicine, explosive, photograph medicament, resin and pesticide synthesis.In recent years, the industry that air bag installed by automobile is risen, and NaN3 is exactly the optimal gas-evolution agent raw material of automobile passive damping air bag.
The more advanced preparation method of existing document sodiumazide is: ethyl nitrite gas and hydrazine hydrate aqueous phase pressure synthesis, without solvent, cost is lower.But the bad control of the method reaction process, react under 40-60 degree temperature condition, it itself is thermopositive reaction, ethyl nitrite normal temperature just becomes gas, be again pressurization, once control bad will causing danger, gas liquid reaction is simultaneously incomplete, reaction times is long, is not suitable for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the object of the invention, in the synthetic method providing a kind of sodiumazide, adopts liquid liquid homogeneous reaction, and process is easy to control, smooth operation safety, and yield improves more than 5%, and comprehensive cost is low, is applicable to industrialized production.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A synthetic method for sodiumazide, with Sodium Nitrite and primary isoamyl alcohol for starting raw material, reacts to obtain Isopentyl nitrite, by Isopentyl nitrite by than being added drop-wise in alkaline hydrazine hydrate, and the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction.
Concrete technology step is:
Sodium Nitrite, primary isoamyl alcohol and water are added retort, stirs; Being cooled to less than 5 DEG C continuous dropping mass concentrations is the hydrochloric acid soln of 20%-40%, insulation reaction; Disacidify anhydrates, and obtains Isopentyl nitrite.
At normal temperatures and pressures, by Isopentyl nitrite by than being added drop-wise to the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction in the alkaline hydrazine hydrate that is made up of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described Sodium Nitrite and described primary isoamyl alcohol is 1: 1-1.5, preferably 1: 1.2.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described Isopentyl nitrite and described sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate is 1: 1.1-1.3: 1.2-1.5.Preferably 1: 1.2: 1.4.
Beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, the synthetic method of sodiumazide of the present invention, adopts liquid liquid homogeneous reaction, reacts completely, and process is easy to control, smooth operation safety, and yield improves more than 5%, and comprehensive cost is low, is applicable to industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
A synthetic method for sodiumazide, with Sodium Nitrite and primary isoamyl alcohol for starting raw material, reacts to obtain Isopentyl nitrite, by Isopentyl nitrite by than being added drop-wise in alkaline hydrazine hydrate, and the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction.
Concrete technology step is:
Sodium Nitrite, primary isoamyl alcohol and water are added retort, stirs; Being cooled to less than 5 DEG C continuous dropping mass concentrations is the hydrochloric acid soln of 20%-40%, insulation reaction; Disacidify anhydrates, and obtains Isopentyl nitrite.
At normal temperatures and pressures, by Isopentyl nitrite by than being added drop-wise to the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction in the alkaline hydrazine hydrate that is made up of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described Sodium Nitrite and described primary isoamyl alcohol is 1: 1-1.5, preferably 1: 1.2.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described Isopentyl nitrite and described sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate is 1: 1.1-1.3: 1.2-1.5.Preferably 1: 1.2: 1.4.
Embodiment 1:
Sodium Nitrite 1000g, primary isoamyl alcohol 1200g and water 2600ml are added retort, stirs; Be cooled to 4 DEG C, drip the hydrochloric acid soln 1200g that mass concentration is 30% continuously, insulation reaction 1h; Disacidify anhydrates, and obtains Isopentyl nitrite.
Under normal temperature is conventional, gets above-mentioned Isopentyl nitrite 1000g and drop in the alkaline hydrazine hydrate be made up of sodium hydroxide 1200g and hydrazine hydrate 1400g continuously, the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction.
The synthetic method of sodiumazide of the present invention, adopts liquid liquid homogeneous reaction, reacts completely, and process is easy to control, smooth operation safety, and yield improves more than 5%, and comprehensive cost is low, is applicable to industrialized production.
Claims (3)
1. a synthetic method for sodiumazide, is characterized in that: described synthetic method is:
Sodium Nitrite, primary isoamyl alcohol and water are added retort, stirs; Being cooled to less than 5 DEG C continuous dropping mass concentrations is the hydrochloric acid soln of 20%-40%, insulation reaction; Disacidify anhydrates, and obtains Isopentyl nitrite;
At normal temperatures and pressures, by Isopentyl nitrite by than being added drop-wise to the obtained sodiumazide crystal of reaction in the alkaline hydrazine hydrate that is made up of sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate.
Wherein, the mol ratio of described Sodium Nitrite and described primary isoamyl alcohol is 1: 1-1.5; The mol ratio of described Isopentyl nitrite and described sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate is 1: 1.1-1.3: 1.2-1.5.
2. the synthetic method of sodiumazide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mol ratio of described Sodium Nitrite and described primary isoamyl alcohol preferably 1: 1.2.
3. the synthetic method of sodiumazide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mol ratio 1: 1.2: 1.4 of described Isopentyl nitrite and described sodium hydroxide and hydrazine hydrate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510466331.9A CN105129752A (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2015-07-27 | Synthesis method of sodium azide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510466331.9A CN105129752A (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2015-07-27 | Synthesis method of sodium azide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105129752A true CN105129752A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
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| CN201510466331.9A Pending CN105129752A (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2015-07-27 | Synthesis method of sodium azide |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106317693A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 深圳市志海实业股份有限公司 | Application of efficient environmental protection stabilizer based on azide compounds and preparing method thereof |
| CN109110736A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-01 | 青岛科技大学 | A method of it reducing sodium azide solution and decomposes |
-
2015
- 2015-07-27 CN CN201510466331.9A patent/CN105129752A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106317693A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 深圳市志海实业股份有限公司 | Application of efficient environmental protection stabilizer based on azide compounds and preparing method thereof |
| CN109110736A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-01-01 | 青岛科技大学 | A method of it reducing sodium azide solution and decomposes |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20151209 |