CN105127392A - Semisolid extrusion die-casting method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a semisolid extrusion die-casting method. The method comprises the following steps: 1, making molten alloy into semisolid alloy slurry, and maintaining the slurry temperature within the range from 570 DEG C to 620 DEG C; 2, using an extrusion die-casting machine for making the semisolid alloy slurry at the temperature of 570-620 DEG C into alloy castings through injection, wherein the injection speed is 0.05-0.35 m/s. According to the semisolid extrusion injection method, by controlling the extrusion speed and the temperature of the semisolid slurry reasonably, the blistering problem generated after the heat treatment is conducted on extrusion die-casting products can be solved, the qualification rate of the extrusion die-casting products obtained after the heat treatment is made to be over 95%, and the mechanical property of the extrusion die-casting products obtained after the heat treatment can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method.
Background technology
The semisolid pressure casting technique that early 1970s grows up, makes traditional extrusion process mode there occurs profound change.Chinese scholars proposes process prepared by many semi-solid metal slurries, as mechanical mixing method, control solidi fication method, strain activation technology etc.By these pulping process prepare containing the semi-solid foundry goods of the semi solid slurry of certain solids content die cast on die casting machine, semisolid foundry goods globular crystal dense structure, product thermal deformation are little, can produce thin-wall product.General semi-solid products is not suitable for doing T6 heat treatment and improves casting strength.
Extrusion casint is forged also known as liquid film, makes the liquid alloy to injecting mould apply higher mechanical pressure, makes it be shaped and solidifies and obtain the process of product.Because this technique applies higher pressure to not solidified metal, shown cast-internal is organized fine and closely woven, without defects such as shrinkage cavity and porosities, can carry out T4, T6 heat treatment, and its mechanical property is higher than common foundry goods, close or be equivalent to regard to foundry goods level.Die casting machine extrudes die casting exactly by the method for Ultra-Low Speed explained hereafter foundry goods, and extruding die casting can improve hardness and tensile strength by heat treatment.
At present, the new technology of Die Casting Industry new development has semisolid pressure casting technique and extruding extrusion process.The thin-section casting of semisolid pressure casting explained hereafter is not suitable for doing T6 heat treatment, and the foundry goods that extruding extrusion process is produced can do T6 heat treatment.But due to interior tissue grainiess make extruding die casting heat treatment after intensity be subject to a definite limitation.Present invention incorporates semisolid pressure casting and extruding die casting two kinds of techniques, the existing semi-solid globular crystal tissue of semi-solid state extrusion die-cast product that new technology is produced, have again the feature of extruded product dense structure, the quality after product heat treatment and intensity obtain providing very greatly.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method, comprise the following steps:
(1) aluminium alloy is made the semi solid slurry of alloy, and make the temperature of this slurry remain on 570 ~ 620 DEG C;
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of alloy of 570 ~ 620 DEG C becomes alloy-steel casting by temperature with Squeezing die casting machine, wherein injection speed is 0.05 ~ 0.35m/s.
Wherein, step (1) comprising: make the temperature of the semi solid slurry made remain on 590 ~ 600 DEG C;
Step (2) comprising: be that the semi solid slurry injection of the alloy of 590 ~ 600 DEG C becomes foundry goods by temperature.
Wherein, step (2) comprising: the injection speed of extruding die casting is 0.08 ~ 0.33m/s.
Wherein, step (1) comprising: by density > 2.60g/cm
3, the alloy solution of hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g makes semi solid slurry.
Wherein, step (1) comprising: stir alloy solution and prepare semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 400 ~ 900rpm, cooling-air pressure 0.45Mpa, cooling air delivery is 20 ~ 30L/min, controls to stop stirring when in the semi solid slurry of alloy, solids content is 30 ~ 50%.
Wherein, also step is comprised before step (1):
(11) with smelting furnace, alloy pig is fused into alloy solution, in alloy solution, adds powder refining agent; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) refining of alloy solution carrys out degasification by passing into nitrogen, makes the density p > 2.6g/cm of alloy solution
3, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g;
Wherein, passing into nitrogen pressure is: 0.05 ~ 0.15Mpa.
Wherein, step (11) also comprises: when alloy solution reaches 690 ~ 710 DEG C, add powder refining agent;
Step (12) also comprises: after degassing procedure terminates, and alloy solution is left standstill 10 ~ 15min, skimming operation.
Wherein, step (1) also comprises: when the temperature of alloy solution is 675 ~ 685 DEG C, stir, mixing time is 10 ~ 30s.
Wherein, step (21) is also comprised between step (1) and step (2): the extruding die casting being 5:1 ~ 9:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine.
Wherein, alloy is alusil alloy.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: semi-solid state extrusion injection method provided by the invention, by the temperature of conservative control extrusion speed and semi solid slurry, the bubble problem after the heat treatment of extruding die-cast product can be solved, make the qualification rate of the extruding die-cast product after heat treatment more than 95%, and effectively can improve the mechanical property after the heat treatment of extruding die-cast product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To be incorporated in description and the accompanying drawing forming a part for description shows embodiments of the invention, and together with the description for explaining principle of the present invention.In the drawings, similar Reference numeral is used for key element like representation class.Accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of an embodiment of a kind of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the profile of the foundry goods of an embodiment die casting of a kind of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the profile of the foundry goods of common high speed die casting;
Fig. 4 is the power-deformation curve of foundry goods after T6 heat treatment of an embodiment die casting of a kind of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can be combined mutually.
Basic thought of the present invention is, by semisolid pressure casting and extruding die casting two kinds of techniques being combined, makes a kind of existing semi-solid globular crystal tissue, has again the high-quality foundry goods organizing the feature such as fine and closely woven of extruded product.
Its specific implementation process can be expressed as:
With duplex graphite crucible spin melt alloy pig → graphite rotator getter degasification → detect aluminium liquid hydrogen content → robot mechanical agitation slurrying → semi solid slurry with hydrogen meter and density equivalent instrument to pour Squeezing die casting machine barrel → use low speed extrusion process parameters die cast foundry goods into.
Specific implementation step, as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprises:
(1) aluminium alloy is made the semi solid slurry of alloy, and make the temperature of this slurry remain on 570 ~ 620 DEG C;
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of alloy of 570 ~ 620 DEG C becomes alloy-steel casting by temperature with Squeezing die casting machine, wherein injection speed is 0.05 ~ 0.35m/s.
Below by the form by embodiment, further explanation is done to implementation step.
Embodiment semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method
method one:
(11) with smelting furnace, sial ingot is fused into silico-aluminum solution, adds powder refining agent when silico-aluminum solution is 690 DEG C; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) by passing into pressure 0.05Mpa nitrogen, degasification being come to silico-aluminum solution, making the density p > 2.6g/cm of silico-aluminum solution
3, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g, after degasification terminates, by silico-aluminum solution left standstill 10min, skimming operation.
(1) stir when the temperature of silico-aluminum solution is 675 DEG C, and make semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 200rpm, cooling-air pressure is 1.5kg, cooling air delivery is 20L/min, mixing time is 10s, makes solids content in the semi solid slurry of silico-aluminum be greater than 40%, and makes the temperature of this slurry remain on 570 DEG C;
(21) the extruding die casting being 5:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine.
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of silico-aluminum of 570 DEG C becomes silico-aluminum foundry goods by temperature with Squeezing die casting machine, the injection speed of use is 0.05m/s.
method two:
(11) with smelting furnace, sial ingot is fused into silico-aluminum solution, adds powder refining agent when silico-aluminum solution is 710 DEG C; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) by passing into pressure 0.15Mpa nitrogen, degasification is come to silico-aluminum solution, make the density p > 2.m/s of silico-aluminum solution, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g, after degasification terminates, by silico-aluminum solution left standstill 15min, skimming operation.
(1) stir when the temperature of silico-aluminum solution is 685 DEG C, and make semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 400rpm, cooling-air pressure is 4.5kg, cooling air delivery is 30L/min, mixing time is 10s, and make solids content in the semi solid slurry of silico-aluminum be 50%, temperature is 620 DEG C;
(21) the extruding die casting being 9:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine;
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of silico-aluminum of 620 DEG C becomes silico-aluminum foundry goods by temperature with extruding die casting barrel, wherein injection speed is 0.35m/s.
method three:
(11) with smelting furnace, sial ingot is fused into silico-aluminum solution, adds powder refining agent when silico-aluminum solution is 700 DEG C; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) by passing into pressure 0.08Mpa nitrogen, degasification being come to silico-aluminum solution, making the density p > 2.6g/cm of silico-aluminum solution
3, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g, after degasification terminates, by silico-aluminum solution left standstill 12min, skimming operation.
(1) stir when the temperature of silico-aluminum solution is 680 DEG C, make semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 300rpm, cooling-air pressure is 4.5kg, cooling air delivery is 25L/min, mixing time is 30s, and make solids content in the semi solid slurry of aluminium alloy be 40%, temperature is 590 DEG C;
(21) the extruding die casting being 7:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine.
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of silico-aluminum of 590 DEG C becomes silico-aluminum foundry goods by temperature with extruding die casting barrel, wherein injection speed is 0.08m/s.
method four:
(11) with smelting furnace, sial ingot is fused into silico-aluminum solution, adds powder refining agent when silico-aluminum solution is 705 DEG C; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) by passing into pressure 1.4kg nitrogen, degasification being come to silico-aluminum solution, making the density p > 2.6g/cm of silico-aluminum solution
3, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g, after degasification terminates, by silico-aluminum solution left standstill 13min, skimming operation.
(1) stir when the temperature of silico-aluminum solution is 680 DEG C, obtained semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 300rpm, cooling-air pressure is 0.12Mpa, cooling air delivery is 25L/min, mixing time is 30s, and make solids content in the semi solid slurry of aluminium alloy be 45%, temperature is 600 DEG C;
(21) the extruding die casting being 6:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine.
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of silico-aluminum of 590 DEG C becomes silico-aluminum foundry goods by temperature with extruding die casting barrel, wherein injection speed is 0.33m/s.
Further, in specific implementation process, portable graphite rotator getter can be used, rotary blowing nitrogen is to aluminum anodizing degasification, aluminium alloy after skimming can be vacuumized by hydrogen meter and do density and polish exemplar, with density equivalent instrument indirect detection alloy hydrogen content, when the density of aluminium alloy and the content of hydrogen reach predetermined standard time simultaneously, start Die Casting, again refining degas operation when density is less than normal, until the density of aluminium alloy and hydrogen content reach the standard that the present invention retrains, under normal circumstances, the time of refining degasification is that 20 ~ 40min can reach standard.
When preparing semi-solid slurry with alloy solution, the available five connecting rod machines of ladling scoop aluminium alloy, stir the aluminium liquid in soup ladle with robot mixer.
Foundry goods through pressure casting method die casting provided by the invention can carry out T4, T6 heat treatment, and the product blistering rate after heat treatment reduces greatly, has higher qualification rate.For verifying this viewpoint, special carry out sampling Detection to the foundry goods through the die casting of this pressure casting method and after T6 heat treatment, check finished product internal soundness with X-Ray and slicing, go forward side by side line correlation mechanics properties testing and qualification rate examination & verification, testing result is as follows:
Table 1: the performance test results of solid-state extrusion die casting workpiece
Sequence number | The liquid-tight degree of aluminium | Injection speed | Slurry temperature | Hardness | Tensile strength | Qualification rate |
/g/cm 3 | /m/s | /℃ | /HB | /MPa | /% | |
1 | 2.63 | 0.08 | 598 | 110 | 318 | 97 |
2 | 2.62 | 0.10 | 600 | 109 | 320 | 96 |
3 | 2.65 | 0.12 | 595 | 108 | 323 | 95 |
4 | 2.63 | 0.15 | 596 | 110 | 311 | 96 |
5 | 2.63 | 0.17 | 600 | 120 | 320 | 97 |
6 | 2.64 | 0.21 | 605 | 118 | 318 | 95 |
7 | 2.66 | 0.25 | 598 | 112 | 340 | 98 |
8 | 2.63 | 0.28 | 589 | 113 | 335 | 96 |
9 | 2.60 | 0.31 | 592 | 115 | 320 | 90 |
10 | 2.64 | 0.06 | 603 | 110 | 318 | 93 |
11 | 2.63 | 0.07 | 604 | 115 | 310 | 95 |
12 | 2.64 | 0.33 | 598 | 109 | 317 | 96 |
13 | 2.65 | 0.35 | 596 | 112 | 339 | 93 |
14 | 2.64 | 0.23 | 600 | 121 | 330 | 95 |
15 | 2.61 | 0.19 | 602 | 110 | 320 | 96 |
16 | 2.64 | 0.30 | 605 | 105 | 327 | 93 |
Known according to table 1, the finished product average qualification rate of foundry goods after Overheating Treatment through pressure casting method die casting provided by the invention is 95%, and the average hardness of foundry goods after heat treatment is 112.3HB, and tensile strength is 322.9Mpa.
Further, the foundry goods of the foundry goods of pressure casting method die casting of the present invention and common high speed Die Casting is carried out mechanical property contrast experiment, and concrete outcome is as shown in table 2:
Table 2: tension test Data Comparison data
By the contrast of tensile strength in table 2 and elongation after fracture, can draw, the foundry goods of pressure casting method die casting of the present invention can be heat-treated, and the foundry goods after heat treatment is all better than common high speed die-cast product in tensile strength and hardness, common high speed die casting foundry goods then can not be heat-treated.
Power-the deformation curve of following semi-solid state extrusion die casting foundry goods after heat treatment also demonstrates further the part of this conclusion, specifically as shown in Figure 4.As shown in Figure 4, through the foundry goods of semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method provided by the invention die casting after T6 heat treatment, all there is in tensile strength, toughness and hardness three excellent performance.
In addition, semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method provided by the invention, because speeds control is at 0.05 ~ 0.35m/s, makes filled therewith in whole press casting procedure steady, pore generation is little, and then make the interior tissue of foundry goods fine and closely woven, without shrinkage cavity and porosity phenomenon, shown in concrete Fig. 2, and can T4, T6 heat treatment be carried out, in addition, because slurry is semisolid, die casting is not almost shunk and thermal change; And conventional high-tension die cast easily by bubble parcel wherein, produce pore, as shown in Figure 3.In addition, in press casting procedure at a slow speed, the melt flow of bearing due to slide block in filling process is impacted few, and the impulse ratio be subject to everywhere is comparatively even, and the die life of extruding die casting can improve 60% ~ 200%, and can reduce by the releasing agent of 50%.
Specifically, the present invention controls the hydrogen content of aluminum alloy melt by aluminum alloy melt refining degassing process, and replace rotation use by two stoves of duplex crucible furnace, dehydrogenation can be carried out continuously to aluminium alloy solution, until hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g, the density of aluminium liquid is greater than 2.60g/cm simultaneously
3, reduce the blistering rate in the die casting generated.
In addition, the present invention by control the mixing speed of semi solid slurry stirring pulping, mixing time, cooling medium the parameter such as pressure, flow to prepare temperature certain, the semi solid slurry that solids content is certain, it is 570 ~ 620 DEG C in temperature, semi solid slurry carries out extruding die casting containing when 30% ~ 50% solid size, make the cast-internal structure of generation more tight, the thermal deformation of cast product is little.
By controlling form and the sectional area at the mouth of a river of mould, mould structure is agreed with mutually with extruding die casting parameter, and by controlling semi-solid state extrusion injection speed, the order realizing semi solid slurry fill type, improves hardness and the tensile strength of last injection product.
By controlling the speed of semi-solid state extrusion injection, the order realizing semi solid slurry fills type, avoids rolling, produce globular crystal dense structure, be out of shape little, the extruded product that T4, T6 heat treatment yield rate is high.
In sum, semi-solid state extrusion injection method provided by the invention, by the temperature of conservative control extrusion speed and semi solid slurry, the bubble problem after extruding die-cast product T4, T6 heat treatment can be solved, make the qualification rate of the extruding die-cast product after heat treatment more than 95%, and effectively can improve the mechanical property after the heat treatment of extruding die-cast product.Meanwhile, semi solid slurry extruding extrusion process continuous seepage semi-solid state extrusion product, provides the new approaches of extruding die casting, has also promoted the process of the popularization extruding die casting new technology.
It should be noted that, in this article, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the article of a series of key element or equipment not only comprises those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by this article or the intrinsic key element of equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within the article or equipment comprising key element and also there is other identical element.
Above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted to be described, only with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description.Those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and does not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) aluminium alloy is made the semi solid slurry of alloy, and make the temperature of this slurry remain on 570 ~ 620 DEG C;
(2) be that the semi solid slurry injection of alloy of 570 ~ 620 DEG C becomes alloy-steel casting by temperature with Squeezing die casting machine, wherein injection speed is 0.05 ~ 0.35m/s.
2. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) comprising:
The temperature of the semi solid slurry made is made to remain on 590 ~ 600 DEG C;
Step (2) comprising:
Be that the semi solid slurry injection of the alloy of 590 ~ 600 DEG C becomes foundry goods by temperature.
3. as the pressure casting method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, step (2) comprising:
The injection speed of extruding die casting is 0.08 ~ 0.33m/s.
4. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step (1) comprising:
By density > 2.60g/cm
3, the alloy solution of hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g makes semi solid slurry.
5. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step (1) comprising:
Stir alloy solution and prepare semi solid slurry, wherein mixing speed is 400 ~ 900rpm, cooling-air pressure 0.45Mpa, and cooling air delivery is 20 ~ 30L/min, controls to stop stirring when in the semi solid slurry of alloy, solids content is 30 ~ 50%.
6. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: also comprise step before step (1):
(11) with smelting furnace, alloy pig is fused into alloy solution, in alloy solution, adds powder refining agent; Wherein, smelting furnace is the duplex graphite crucible stove of 120KW;
(12) refining of alloy solution carrys out degasification by passing into nitrogen, makes the density p > 2.6g/cm of alloy solution
3, hydrogen content < 0.2cc/100g;
Wherein, passing into nitrogen pressure is: 0.05 ~ 0.15Mpa.
7. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, step (11) also comprises:
When alloy solution reaches 690 ~ 710 DEG C, add powder refining agent;
Step (12) also comprises:
After degassing procedure terminates, alloy solution is left standstill 10 ~ 15min, skimming operation.
8. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, step (1) also comprises:
When the temperature of alloy solution is 675 ~ 685 DEG C, stir, mixing time is 10 ~ 30s.
9. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise step (21) between described step (1) and step (2):
The extruding die casting being 5:1 ~ 9:1 by the sectional area ratio of the mouth of a river and drift puts into Squeezing die casting machine.
10. semi-solid state extrusion pressure casting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Alloy is alusil alloy.
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CN109576539A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-05 | 珠海市润星泰电器有限公司 | High conductivity aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
CN109652686A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-19 | 珠海市润星泰电器有限公司 | High thermal conductivity aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
EP3741877A4 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-04-28 | Zhuhai Runxingtai Electrical Co., Ltd | High thermal conductivity aluminium alloy and preparation method therefor |
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