CN105116286B - All-fiber power tunnel cable state real-time monitoring system - Google Patents
All-fiber power tunnel cable state real-time monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a real-time monitoring system for the cable state of an all-fiber power tunnel, which comprises two current signal modulation terminals, two current signal demodulation terminals, an optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal, two connecting fibers, a light path switching unit, an optical fiber time delay measurer, a microprocessor and an optical fiber settlement sensor. The real-time monitoring system can avoid time delay difference caused by different optical fiber lengths, does not need a cable interface to quit operation, can monitor settlement information of the electric power tunnel, and has good market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cable detection system, in particular to a cable state real-time monitoring system for a power tunnel.
Background
At present, the high-voltage cable insulation fault point positioning technology mainly adopts an off-line test-based pulse method, when a cable fault occurs, power is cut off firstly, then a cable line is untied from a system, then cable fault location is carried out by using pulse signals, based on a parameter model of the cable line, the pulse signals are applied to the cable on site, and then the fault point distance is calculated according to the propagation time and velocity of voltage and current traveling wave signals in the cable. The method has the obvious defect that after the cable breaks down, the cable interface needs to be withdrawn from operation, then fault measuring equipment needs to be transported to the site, and measuring equipment and wiring need to be arranged to start measurement.
In addition, on-line fault location based on GPS synchronous high-voltage cables is difficult to accurately locate due to poor synchronism of GPS clocks, and the clock synchronization location technology based on optical fiber transmission requires the length of optical fibers from a location device to two sensor module ends to be consistent, which brings inconvenience to actual engineering construction, increases the cost of optical cables and brings limitation to the layout of the location device.
The electric power tunnel environment is relatively severe and can be affected by factors such as tunnel structure aging in geological conditions and weather conditions long-term operation, particularly in cities in the south, the electric power tunnel faces a long-term water condition, the electric power tunnel structure can generate displacement change based on the reasons, most typically, the settlement of the tunnel structure is caused, the tunnel excavation activity in the construction process of the electric power tunnel and the structural settlement generated in the operation process after construction can bring great threat to the whole electric power tunnel, the serious consequences of tunnel breakage and settlement and even collapse can be caused, once the accelerated settlement occurs, the tunnel can be broken, the normal operation of the electric power tunnel is affected, and the power failure accident can be seriously caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the problem of inaccurate positioning caused by time delay difference caused by different lengths of the connecting optical fibers in the prior art is solved, a cable interface is required to quit operation, online detection cannot be achieved, and meanwhile the prior art does not have the function of effectively monitoring electric power tunnel settlement.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a real-time monitoring system for the cable state of an all-fiber power tunnel, which comprises two current signal modulation terminals, two current signal demodulation terminals, an optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal, two connecting optical fibers, a light path switching unit, an optical fiber time delay measurer, a microprocessor and an optical fiber settlement sensor, wherein the two current signal modulation terminals are connected with the two current signal demodulation terminals; the two current signal modulation terminals are used for being connected to two ends of a cable to be detected to collect current signals, modulating the two collected current signals into two optical signals and transmitting the two optical signals to two optical signal input ends of the optical path switching unit through two connecting optical fibers; the microprocessor controls the optical path switching unit to switch and connect the two connecting optical fibers to the measuring end of the optical fiber time delay measurer or the input ends of the two current signal demodulation terminals; the optical fiber time delay measurer performs time delay analysis on the two connected optical fibers to obtain time delay information of the two connected optical fibers and sends the time delay information to the microprocessor; the two current signal demodulation terminals demodulate the input optical signals into electric signals, and then the electric signals are sent to the microprocessor after AD conversion; the optical fiber settlement sensor is arranged in the electric power tunnel where the cable to be detected is located and connected with the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal; the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal demodulates settlement information sensed by the optical fiber settlement sensor and sends the settlement information to the microprocessor.
The current signal modulation terminal can detect the current signal on line in real time without quitting the operation of a cable interface, so that the real-time performance and the detection efficiency of cable detection can be improved; the optical path switching unit can send the optical signal sent by the current signal modulation terminal to the optical fiber time delay measurer or the current signal demodulation terminal according to the detection requirement, so that the time delay detection and the fault detection share the connecting optical fiber, and the system cost is saved; the optical fiber time delay measurer can detect the signal time delay caused by connecting the optical fibers according to the requirement, so that the positioning precision of the fault point is effectively improved; the settlement condition of the electric power tunnel is monitored in real time by adopting the optical fiber settlement sensor, and whether settlement exceeding a safety value occurs or not is analyzed by the microprocessor, so that the real-time monitoring of the settlement of the electric power tunnel is realized.
As a further limited aspect of the present invention, the current signal modulation terminal includes a current sensor and an electro-optical converter; the current sensor is used for collecting a current signal of the cable to be detected and sending the collected current signal to the electro-optical converter; the electro-optical converter converts the current signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to an optical signal input end of the optical path switching unit through the connecting optical fiber. The current sensor can detect the current signal and fault traveling wave on the tested high-voltage cable in real time on line, and the safety performance is high due to non-contact measurement.
As a further restrictive aspect of the present invention, the current signal demodulation terminal includes a photoelectric converter and an AD converter; the photoelectric converter converts the optical signal output by the optical path switching unit into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to AD conversion by the AD converter and then sent to the microprocessor.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the current signal demodulation terminal further comprises a signal conditioning circuit connected between the photoelectric converter and the AD converter; the signal conditioning circuit adjusts the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter to be suitable for the working range of the AD converter. The signal conditioning circuit can adjust the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter to be suitable for the working range of the AD converter, and the detection reliability of the positioning system is improved.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the optical fiber delay measurer is an optical time domain reflectometer.
As a further restrictive aspect of the present invention, the optical path switching unit is composed of a first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, a second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, and a third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch; the 1 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the output ends of the two current signal modulation terminals through two connecting optical fibers, and one port of each of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the input end of the corresponding current signal demodulation terminal; the 2 ports of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the other of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable optical 1 × 2 switch, and the 1 port of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the measurement end of the optical fiber delay measurer. The three controllable 1X 2 optical switches are adopted to realize controllable switching of the optical paths, the third controllable 1X 2 optical switch is used for sequentially switching the two paths of input optical fibers to the optical fiber time delay measurer, the expensive optical fiber time delay measurer with multiple input ends can be avoided, and the system cost is effectively reduced.
As a further improvement of the invention, the device also comprises a display screen connected with the microprocessor. And the fault position can be displayed in real time by using the display screen.
As a further improvement of the invention, the alarm device also comprises an alarm connected with the microprocessor. The alarm can send out an alarm signal when obvious settlement occurs, so that monitoring personnel can rapidly check the electric power tunnel.
As a further limited scheme of the invention, the optical fiber settlement sensor is an optical fiber grating static level gauge, an optical fiber grating liquid pressure sensor or an optical fiber F-P liquid pressure sensor which takes optical wavelength as a characteristic parameter.
As a further limited scheme of the invention, the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal consists of an optical wavelength demodulation unit and a sensor settlement calculation analysis unit; the optical wavelength demodulation unit is an optical wavelength meter or a fiber grating demodulator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the current signal modulation terminal can detect the current signal on line in real time without quitting the operation of a cable interface, so that the real-time performance and the detection efficiency of cable detection can be improved; (2) the optical path switching unit is adopted to measure the time delay of the two optical fibers by the optical fiber time delay measurer according to the detection requirement, and then the current signal demodulation terminal is used for demodulating the current signal, so that the time delay detection and the fault detection share the connecting optical fiber, and the system cost is saved; (3) the optical fiber time delay measurer can detect the signal time delay caused by connecting the optical fibers according to the requirement, so that the positioning precision of the fault point is effectively improved; (4) the settlement condition of the electric power tunnel is monitored in real time by adopting the optical fiber settlement sensor, and whether settlement exceeding a safety value occurs or not is analyzed by the microprocessor, so that the real-time monitoring of the settlement of the electric power tunnel is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path switching unit;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fault traveling wave obtained by detection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the system for monitoring the cable status of an all-fiber power tunnel in real time provided by the present invention includes: the device comprises two current signal modulation terminals, two current signal demodulation terminals, an optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal, two connecting optical fibers, a light path switching unit, an optical fiber time delay measurer, a microprocessor, an optical fiber settlement sensor, a display and an alarm.
The two current signal modulation terminals are used for being connected to two ends of a cable to be detected to collect current signals, modulating the two collected current signals into two optical signals, and transmitting the two optical signals to two optical signal input ends of the optical path switching unit through two connecting optical fibers; the microprocessor controls the optical path switching unit to switch and connect the two connecting optical fibers to the measuring end of the optical fiber time delay measurer or the input ends of the two current signal demodulation terminals; the optical fiber time delay measurer performs time delay analysis on the two connected optical fibers to obtain time delay information of the two connected optical fibers and sends the time delay information to the microprocessor; the two current signal demodulation terminals demodulate the input optical signals into electric signals, and then the electric signals are sent to the microprocessor after AD conversion; the optical fiber settlement sensor is arranged in the electric power tunnel where the cable to be detected is located and connected with the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal; the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal demodulates settlement information sensed by the optical fiber settlement sensor and sends the settlement information to the microprocessor; the microprocessor analyzes and calculates according to the input delay information and the AD converted electric signal to obtain fault position information; the microprocessor judges whether the settlement exceeds a safety value according to the input settlement information; the display and the alarm are both connected with the microprocessor; the optical fiber settlement sensor is an optical fiber grating static level gauge, an optical fiber grating liquid pressure sensor or an optical fiber F-P liquid pressure sensor which takes optical wavelength as characteristic parameters; the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal consists of an optical wavelength demodulation unit and a sensor settlement calculation analysis unit; the optical wavelength demodulation unit is an optical wavelength meter or a fiber grating demodulator.
The current signal modulation terminal generally comprises a current sensor and an electro-optical converter; the current sensor is used for collecting a current signal of the cable to be detected and sending the collected current signal to the electro-optical converter; the electro-optical converter converts the current signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to an optical signal input end of the optical path switching unit through the connecting optical fiber.
The current signal demodulation terminal generally includes an optical-to-electrical converter, a signal conditioning circuit, and an AD converter. The photoelectric converter converts the optical signal output by the optical path switching unit into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to AD conversion by the AD converter and then is sent to the microprocessor; the signal conditioning circuit is connected between the photoelectric converter and the AD converter; the signal conditioning circuit adjusts the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter to be suitable for the working range of the AD converter.
An optical wavelength demodulation unit (or a fiber grating demodulation unit) of the fiber settling signal demodulation terminal generally comprises a light source, an optical coupler, a photoelectric converter, a signal conditioning circuit, an AD converter and a data processor. The light source sends a detection light signal to the optical fiber settlement sensor through the optical coupler; the photoelectric converter, the signal conditioning circuit, the AD converter and the data processor are used for demodulating the optical signal returned by the optical fiber settlement sensor.
When the real-time monitoring system for the cable state of the all-fiber power tunnel carries out fault location work, firstly, the two connecting fibers are switched and connected to the optical fiber time delay measurer by using the optical path switching unit, and the optical fiber time delay measurer respectively measures signal transmission time delays T1 and T2 caused by the two connecting fibers L1 and L2;
switching the two connecting optical fibers by using the optical path switching unit and respectively connecting the two connecting optical fibers to the two current signal demodulation terminals, demodulating the optical signals by using the current signal demodulation terminals and then sending the optical signals to the microprocessor for fault analysis to obtain a time t1 for transmitting fault traveling waves from the high-voltage cable on the left side of the fault point and the connecting optical fiber L1 to the microprocessor and a time t2 for transmitting the fault traveling waves from the high-voltage cable on the right side of the fault point and the connecting optical fiber L2 to the microprocessor;
and finally, calculating the distance between the fault point and the left detection point of the high-voltage cable to be detected according to the following formula:
X=（L-V×（t1－t2＋T2-T1））/2
in the formula, L is the length of the cable between the left detection point and the right detection point of the high-voltage cable to be detected, and V is the propagation speed of the fault traveling wave.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical path switching unit is composed of a first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, a second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, and a third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch; the 1 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the output ends of the two current signal modulation terminals through two connecting optical fibers, and one port of each of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the input end of the corresponding current signal demodulation terminal; the 2 ports of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the other of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable optical 1 × 2 switch, and the 1 port of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the measurement end of the optical fiber delay measurer.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, before the positioning fault measurement, the microprocessor controls the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch of the optical path switching unit, and sequentially switches and connects the two connecting optical fibers to the optical fiber delay measurer, so as to measure the time delay caused by the two connecting optical fibers L1 and L2, obtain time delay values T1 and T2, and send T1 and T2 to the microprocessor for storage and recording; then the optical path switching unit is controlled to switch the two optical signals to be respectively input to the two current signal modulation terminals. After the time delay measurement is finished, the microprocessor controls the light path switching unit to switch the light path to a fault traveling wave signal monitoring state.
When a cable to be tested fails, a traveling fault wave as shown in fig. 3 occurs. At the moment, the current sensor collects fault traveling wave signals on the cable to be detected in real time, the collected fault traveling wave signals are converted into optical signals by the electro-optical converter, and the optical signals are transmitted to 1-port optical signal input ends of a first controllable 1 x 2 optical switch and a second controllable 1 x 2 optical switch of the optical path switching unit through connecting optical fibers; then the microprocessor controls a first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and a second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch of the optical path switching unit, optical signals transmitted by the two connecting optical fibers L1 and L2 are switched and input to the photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter converts the received optical signals into electrical signals; the signal conditioning circuit conditions the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter, so that the electric signal can be completely collected by the AD converter; the microprocessor processes the AD-converted signal. Assuming that the time lengths of fault traveling waves transmitted to the microprocessor from the high-voltage cable and the two connecting optical fibers L1 and L2 on the left side and the right side of the fault point respectively obtained by the microprocessor according to the signal analysis after AD conversion are t1 and t2, the propagation speed of the fault traveling waves is V, the length of the cable to be detected is L, and the distance from the fault point C to the detection point of the current signal modulation terminal on the left side is calculated by the microprocessor as follows:
X=V×（t1-T1） (1)
and calculating the distance from the fault point C to the detection point of the current signal modulation terminal on the right side as follows:
L-X=V×(t2-T2) (2)
further according to the formulae (1) and (2):
X=（L-V×（t1－t2＋T2-T1））/2 （3）
therefore, the distance X from the fault point C to the detection point of the current signal modulation terminal on the left side is calculated and displayed in real time by the display screen.
This all-fiber power tunnel cable state real-time monitoring system is when carrying out settlement monitoring operation, at first subside the condition of subsiding in the power tunnel that the cable place is detected to the real-time supervision by optic fibre settlement sensor, and subside information transmission that will gather each optic fibre settlement sensor through transmission optical fiber and subside signal demodulation terminal and demodulate, carry out analysis processes by microprocessor again, if subside and exceed the safe value, then microprocessor control alarm reports to the police, remind the monitoring personnel to investigate electric power tunnel rapidly, avoid causing great safety fault.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an all-fiber power tunnel cable state real-time monitoring system which characterized in that: the system comprises two current signal modulation terminals, two current signal demodulation terminals, an optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal, two connecting optical fibers, an optical path switching unit, an optical fiber time delay measurer, a microprocessor and an optical fiber settlement sensor; the two current signal modulation terminals are used for being connected to two ends of a cable to be detected to collect current signals, modulating the two collected current signals into two optical signals and transmitting the two optical signals to two optical signal input ends of the optical path switching unit through two connecting optical fibers; the microprocessor controls the optical path switching unit to switch and connect the two connecting optical fibers to the measuring end of the optical fiber time delay measurer or the input ends of the two current signal demodulation terminals; the optical fiber time delay measurer performs time delay analysis on the two connected optical fibers to obtain time delay information of the two connected optical fibers and sends the time delay information to the microprocessor; the two current signal demodulation terminals demodulate the input optical signals into electric signals, and then the electric signals are sent to the microprocessor after AD conversion; the optical fiber settlement sensor is arranged in the electric power tunnel where the cable to be detected is located and connected with the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal; the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal demodulates settlement information sensed by the optical fiber settlement sensor and sends the settlement information to the microprocessor;
the optical path switching unit switches and connects the two connecting optical fibers to an optical fiber delay measurer, and the optical fiber delay measurer measures signal transmission delays T1 and T2 caused by the two connecting optical fibers L1 and L2 respectively; and then the two connecting optical fibers are switched and respectively connected to the two current signal demodulation terminals by using the optical path switching unit, and the optical signals are demodulated by the current signal demodulation terminals and then are sent to the microprocessor for fault analysis.
2. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the current signal modulation terminal comprises a current sensor and an electro-optical converter; the current sensor is used for collecting a current signal of the cable to be detected and sending the collected current signal to the electro-optical converter; the electro-optical converter converts the current signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to an optical signal input end of the optical path switching unit through the connecting optical fiber.
3. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the current signal demodulation terminal comprises a photoelectric converter and an AD converter; the photoelectric converter converts the optical signal output by the optical path switching unit into an electric signal, and the electric signal is subjected to AD conversion by the AD converter and then sent to the microprocessor.
4. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 3, wherein: the current signal demodulation terminal also comprises a signal conditioning circuit connected between the photoelectric converter and the AD converter; the signal conditioning circuit adjusts the electric signal output by the photoelectric converter to be suitable for the working range of the AD converter.
5. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the optical fiber time delay measurer is an optical time domain reflectometer.
6. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the optical path switching unit is composed of a first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch, a second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and a third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch; the 1 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the output ends of the two current signal modulation terminals through two connecting optical fibers, and one port of each of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the input end of the corresponding current signal demodulation terminal; the 2 ports of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch are respectively connected to the other of the 2 ports of the first controllable 1 × 2 optical switch and the second controllable optical 1 × 2 switch, and the 1 port of the third controllable 1 × 2 optical switch is connected to the measurement end of the optical fiber delay measurer.
7. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and a display screen connected with the microprocessor.
8. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the alarm is connected with the microprocessor.
9. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the optical fiber settlement sensor is an optical fiber grating static level gauge, an optical fiber grating liquid pressure sensor or an optical fiber F-P liquid pressure sensor which takes optical wavelength as characteristic parameters.
10. The all-fiber power tunnel cable status real-time monitoring system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the optical fiber settlement signal demodulation terminal consists of an optical wavelength demodulation unit and a sensor settlement calculation analysis unit; the optical wavelength demodulation unit is an optical wavelength meter or a fiber grating demodulator.
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| CN109031048B (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2021-07-13 | 云南电力试验研究院(集团)有限公司 | Fault positioning system and method based on fiber bragg grating current sensor |
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