CN105115553A - High-accuracy ultrasonic gas flow meter based on time-difference method - Google Patents
High-accuracy ultrasonic gas flow meter based on time-difference method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105115553A CN105115553A CN201510640267.1A CN201510640267A CN105115553A CN 105115553 A CN105115553 A CN 105115553A CN 201510640267 A CN201510640267 A CN 201510640267A CN 105115553 A CN105115553 A CN 105115553A
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-accuracy ultrasonic gas flow meter based on a time-difference method. The high-accuracy ultrasonic gas flow meter is arranged in an X shape. A first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer are arranged in a set and a third ultrasonic transducer and a fourth ultrasonic transducer are arranged in a set. The first ultrasonic transducer, the second ultrasonic transducer, the third ultrasonic transducer and the fourth ultrasonic transducer are connected to the input end of a one-out-of-four electronic switch, through section of the one-out-of-four electronic switch, output signals pass an amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a rectifying circuit sequentially and then are converted into square signals, and a time measurement circuit measures the period from the time when the ultrasonic transducers transmit square waves of high-voltage pulse signals to the time when the square signals of ultrasonic waves are received. The ultrasonic transmission time-difference principle is adopted for measurement, measurement is free of contact, tested gas is free of resistance or damage, echo signals of the ultrasonic waves are converted into the square waves, and the measurement accuracy is improved multiple times compared with existing measures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of measurement and test, particularly a kind of high-precision ultrasonic gas meter based on time difference method.
Background technology
According to ultrasound wave time difference method principle, when gas flowing is with ultrasonic propagation clockwise direction, ultrasonic propagation velocity increases with gas flow rates and increases; When gas flowing is with ultrasonic propagation reverse direction, ultrasonic propagation velocity increases with gas flow rates and reduces.Ultrasound wave travel-time in gases pass downstream, adverse current is different, thus calculates flow velocity by the mistiming, and then tries to achieve gas flow.
Prior art, places a pair ultrasound wave transmitting/receiving transducer in tested gas, launches ultrasonic pulse respectively, measure its travel-time t in co-current flow and counter-current flow direction
suitableand t
inverse.Its flow relocity calculation formula is:
Adopt monaural ultrasonic transducer, record gas flow rate like this and there is comparatively big error, and receive ultrasonic echo signal and do not carry out multistage amplification, the travel-time accurately can not be measured.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of high-precision ultrasonic gas meter based on time difference method, ultrasonic propagation time difference principle is adopted to measure, heed contacted measure, to tested gas non-resistance, harmless, ultrasonic echo signal amplifies 50000 times, ultrasonic echo signal is converted to square wave simultaneously, and the more existing means of measuring accuracy improve several times.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Based on a high-precision ultrasonic gas meter for time difference method, be arranged to X-type, wherein, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer are one group, and the 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer are one group;
First ultrasonic transducer, the second ultrasonic transducer, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer are connected to the input end that four select an electronic switch, an electronic switch is selected to select through four, output signal is transformed to square-wave signal successively after amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, shaping circuit, the square wave that high-voltage pulse signal launched by ultrasonic transducer described in Measuring Time circuit measuring and the time received between hyperacoustic square-wave signal.
Alternatively, described ultrasonic transducer is transceiver structure, comprises ultrasonic signal source and ultrasonic sensor;
Ultrasonic signal source exports high-voltage pulse signal, this high-voltage pulse signal cycle is the resonant frequency of ultrasonic sensor, launch 5 high-voltage pulse signals successively and drive ultrasonic sensor, after the ultrasonic sensor probe of receiving end receives ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic signal is converted to electric signal.
Alternatively, described ultrasonic signal source comprises high-voltage pulse generating circuit, booster circuit, buffer circuit, and buffer circuit output terminal connects described ultrasonic sensor probe, and ultrasonic sensor probe connects differential amplifier circuit, sine wave output signal.
Alternatively, described amplifying circuit is two-stage amplifying circuit.
Alternatively, described filtering circuit carries out bandpass filtering to the signal after amplifying circuit amplification, eliminates low frequency and high frequency noise.
Alternatively, described shaping circuit comprises absolute value translation circuit, peak holding circuit and echo integral contrast device circuit.
Alternatively, signal echo being born semiaxis carries out absolute value conversion through absolute value transform circuit, obtains the frequency doubling former echo frequency value.
Alternatively, described peak holding circuit adopts Diode Peak-value-holding Circuit.
Alternatively, described peak holding circuit adopts high speed detector diode IN60, after through rc low pass filter filter away high frequency noise signal.
Alternatively, echo envelope after front end analogue processing circuit processes is sent into integrating circuit by described echo integral contrast device circuit, envelope signal is converted to square-wave signal by integrating circuit, and this square-wave signal obtains more precipitous square-wave signal after sending into high-speed comparator, sends into Measuring Time circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) ultrasonic propagation time difference principle is adopted to measure, heed contacted measure, to tested gas non-resistance, harmless;
(2) ultrasonic echo signal is converted to square wave, the more existing means of measuring accuracy improve several times.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction figure of the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter that the present invention is based on time difference method;
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter that the present invention is based on time difference method;
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic transducer control block diagram of the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter that the present invention is based on time difference method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Adopt monaural ultrasonic transducer in prior art, record gas flow rate and there is comparatively big error, and receive ultrasonic echo signal and do not carry out multistage amplification, the travel-time accurately can not be measured.
The present invention proposes a kind of high-precision ultrasonic gas meter based on time difference method, adopt multipair ultrasonic transducer, be arranged to X-type, by measuring the ultrasound wave transmitting and receiving time, just can the flow velocity of measurement gas multiple directions, arithmetic mean is asked to the multiple flow velocity of gas, namely records gas flow rate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter based on time difference method of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, high-precision ultrasonic gas meter based on time difference method of the present invention comprises two groups of ultrasonic transducers, be arranged to X-type, wherein, first ultrasonic transducer 1 and the second ultrasonic transducer 2 are one group, toward each other, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer 3 and the 4th ultrasonic transducer 4 are one group, toward each other.
First ultrasonic transducer 1, second ultrasonic transducer 2 of the present invention, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer 3 and the 4th ultrasonic transducer 4 are transceiver structure, realize often organizing between inside and send out mutual receipts mutually, such as, if the first ultrasonic transducer 1 is transmitting terminal, so the second ultrasonic transducer 2 is receiving end, if the second ultrasonic transducer 2 is transmitting terminal, so the first ultrasonic transducer 1 is receiving end.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention is based in the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, first ultrasonic transducer 1, second ultrasonic transducer 2, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer 3 and the 4th ultrasonic transducer 4 are connected to the input end that four select an electronic switch 5, an electronic switch 5 is selected to select through four, output signal is transformed to square-wave signal successively after amplifying circuit 6, filtering circuit 7, shaping circuit 8, and Measuring Time circuit 9 measures the square wave that high-voltage pulse signal launched by above-mentioned ultrasonic transducer and the mistiming received between hyperacoustic square-wave signal.
Ultrasonic transducer of the present invention is transceiver structure, comprises ultrasonic signal source and ultrasonic sensor.Ultrasonic signal source produces the high-voltage pulse signal driving ultrasonic sensor to launch ultrasonic signal, this high-voltage pulse signal cycle is the resonant frequency of ultrasonic sensor, launch 5 high-voltage pulse signals successively and drive ultrasonic sensor, after the ultrasonic sensor probe of receiving end receives ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic signal is converted to electric signal, and this signal is very faint sine wave signal.This sine wave signal amplification, filtering, shaping are transformed to square-wave signal by the analog processing circuit of rear class, then adopt high-acruracy survey time circuit to measure the square wave launching high-voltage pulse signal and the mistiming received between hyperacoustic square-wave signal.
As shown in Figure 3, ultrasonic transducer of the present invention comprises ultrasonic signal source and ultrasonic sensor, wherein, ultrasonic signal source comprises high-voltage pulse generating circuit 11, booster circuit 12, buffer circuit 13, buffer circuit output terminal connects ultrasonic sensor probe 14, ultrasonic sensor probe connects differential amplifier circuit 15, sine wave output signal.Above-mentioned amplifying circuit 6 amplifies further to this sine wave signal, and preferably, amplifying circuit 6 of the present invention is two-stage amplifying circuit.
Preferably, the enlargement factor of above-mentioned differential amplifier circuit 15 is 500-1000 times, and the two-stage amplifying circuit enlargement factor in amplifying circuit 6 is respectively 10 times, and therefore, system enlargement factor of the present invention is 50000-100000 times.
Entering analog processing circuit to eliminate undesired signal, by above-mentioned filtering circuit 7, bandpass filtering being carried out to the signal after amplification, eliminate low frequency and high frequency noise.Preferably, bandpass filter adopts MAX275 design, can arrange corresponding centre frequency, bandpass filter bandwidth, gain amplifier by arranging non-essential resistance.It is 100KHz that ultrasonic gas flowmeter of the present invention arranges system centre frequency, gain amplifier 2 times.
Shaping circuit of the present invention comprises absolute value translation circuit, peak holding circuit and echo integral contrast device circuit.
Wherein, in order to make echo-peak waveform more accurately level and smooth, signal echo being born semiaxis carries out absolute value conversion through absolute value transform circuit, obtains the frequency doubling former echo frequency value.After further use peak holding circuit conversion, the waveform obtained will be very level and smooth, be conducive to the further process in later stage.
Peak holding circuit is linked up by level and smooth for the positive peak of waveform, obtain a peak curve, this curve contains the overall permanence of echoed signal, for the Measuring Time circuit carrying out next step provides accurate waveform, this waveform is more level and smooth, the precision of Measuring Time is higher, is the key that analog processing circuit catches ultrasonic echo signal.Preferably, peak holding circuit adopts classical Diode Peak-value-holding Circuit, adopts high speed detector diode IN60, after through rc low pass filter filter away high frequency noise signal.
Echo integral contrast device circuit, the echo envelope after front end analogue processing circuit processes is sent into integrating circuit, and envelope signal is converted to square-wave signal by integrating circuit.Adopt less integrating resistor, integrating capacitor is charged rapidly, amplifier is exported saturated rapidly, reach power supply magnitude of voltage.Finally envelope signal is converted to square-wave signal, this square-wave signal obtains more precipitous square-wave signal after sending into high-speed comparator, sends into Measuring Time circuit.
Measuring Time circuit, just can the flow velocity of measurement gas multiple directions by measuring the ultrasound wave transmitting and receiving time, asks arithmetic mean, can record gas flow rate to the multiple flow velocity of gas.
The present invention is based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, adopt ultrasonic propagation time difference principle to measure, heed contacted measure, to tested gas non-resistance, harmless, ultrasonic echo signal is converted to square wave, the more existing means of measuring accuracy improve several times simultaneously.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on a high-precision ultrasonic gas meter for time difference method, it is characterized in that, be arranged to X-type, wherein, the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer are one group, and the 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer are one group;
First ultrasonic transducer, the second ultrasonic transducer, the 3rd ultrasonic transducer and the 4th ultrasonic transducer are connected to the input end that four select an electronic switch, an electronic switch is selected to select through four, output signal is transformed to square-wave signal successively after amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, shaping circuit, the square wave that high-voltage pulse signal launched by ultrasonic transducer described in Measuring Time circuit measuring and the time received between hyperacoustic square-wave signal.
2., as claimed in claim 1 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic transducer is transceiver structure, comprises ultrasonic signal source and ultrasonic sensor;
Ultrasonic signal source exports high-voltage pulse signal, this high-voltage pulse signal cycle is the resonant frequency of ultrasonic sensor, launch 5 high-voltage pulse signals successively and drive ultrasonic sensor, after the ultrasonic sensor probe of receiving end receives ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic signal is converted to electric signal.
3. as claimed in claim 2 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described ultrasonic signal source comprises high-voltage pulse generating circuit, booster circuit, buffer circuit, buffer circuit output terminal connects described ultrasonic sensor probe, ultrasonic sensor probe connects differential amplifier circuit, sine wave output signal.
4., as claimed in claim 1 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described amplifying circuit is two-stage amplifying circuit.
5. as claimed in claim 1 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described filtering circuit carries out bandpass filtering to the signal after amplifying circuit amplification, eliminates low frequency and high frequency noise.
6., as claimed in claim 1 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described shaping circuit comprises absolute value translation circuit, peak holding circuit and echo integral contrast device circuit.
7., as claimed in claim 6 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, signal echo being born semiaxis carries out absolute value conversion through absolute value transform circuit, obtains the frequency doubling former echo frequency value.
8. as claimed in claim 6 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described peak holding circuit adopts Diode Peak-value-holding Circuit.
9. as claimed in claim 8 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, described peak holding circuit adopts high speed detector diode IN60, after through rc low pass filter filter away high frequency noise signal.
10. as claimed in claim 6 based on the high-precision ultrasonic gas meter of time difference method, it is characterized in that, echo envelope after front end analogue processing circuit processes is sent into integrating circuit by described echo integral contrast device circuit, envelope signal is converted to square-wave signal by integrating circuit, this square-wave signal obtains more precipitous square-wave signal after sending into high-speed comparator, sends into Measuring Time circuit.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106680369A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-17 | 天健创新（北京）监测仪表股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic mud-water interface measuring device and method |
| CN108534855A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of new type ultrasonic gas flowmeter and its measurement method |
| CN108847827A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-20 | 浙江蓝宝石仪表科技有限公司 | A kind of continuous variable gain amplifying circuit applied to ultrasonic wave gas meter |
| CN109374921A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2019-02-22 | 南华机电(太仓)有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic wind speed and direction measuring device and method |
| CN111220815A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | Wireless transmission ultrasonic current meter and speed measuring method based on GPS signal synchronization |
| CN112254870A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉德塞仪器仪表科技有限公司 | High-precision gas micro-differential pressure gauge |
| CN112362119A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-12 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN113297922A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-24 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage switch cabinet fault diagnosis method and device and storage medium |
| CN117647291A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 山东大东联石油设备有限公司 | Underground non-cable type multichannel ultrasonic flowmeter and use method thereof |
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| CN101004353A (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2007-07-25 | 中国计量学院 | Detection method of time difference cross in use for ultrasonic flowmeter |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106680369B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2024-02-09 | 天健创新（北京）监测仪表股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic mud-water interface measuring device and method |
| CN106680369A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-17 | 天健创新（北京）监测仪表股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic mud-water interface measuring device and method |
| CN108534855A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of new type ultrasonic gas flowmeter and its measurement method |
| CN108847827A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-20 | 浙江蓝宝石仪表科技有限公司 | A kind of continuous variable gain amplifying circuit applied to ultrasonic wave gas meter |
| CN108847827B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2024-02-27 | 浙江蓝宝石仪表科技有限公司 | Continuous variable gain amplifying circuit applied to ultrasonic gas meter |
| CN109374921A (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2019-02-22 | 南华机电(太仓)有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic wind speed and direction measuring device and method |
| CN111220815A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-02 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | Wireless transmission ultrasonic current meter and speed measuring method based on GPS signal synchronization |
| CN112254870A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 武汉德塞仪器仪表科技有限公司 | High-precision gas micro-differential pressure gauge |
| CN112254870B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-07-05 | 武汉德塞仪器仪表科技有限公司 | High-precision gas micro-differential pressure gauge |
| CN112362119A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-12 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN112362119B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic flowmeter |
| CN113297922B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-05-05 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage switch cabinet fault diagnosis method, device and storage medium |
| CN113297922A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-24 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage switch cabinet fault diagnosis method and device and storage medium |
| CN117647291A (en) * | 2024-01-29 | 2024-03-05 | 山东大东联石油设备有限公司 | Underground non-cable type multichannel ultrasonic flowmeter and use method thereof |
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