CN105110347A - Preparation method for nuclear grade concentrated 10B zirconium diboride powder and target - Google Patents

Preparation method for nuclear grade concentrated 10B zirconium diboride powder and target Download PDF

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CN105110347A
CN105110347A CN201510487025.3A CN201510487025A CN105110347A CN 105110347 A CN105110347 A CN 105110347A CN 201510487025 A CN201510487025 A CN 201510487025A CN 105110347 A CN105110347 A CN 105110347A
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zirconium
zirconium diboride
weight parts
powder
core level
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喻冲
杨静
徐奎
潘小强
张良
段盼盼
陈蓉
刘廷伟
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Nuclear Power Institute of China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method for nuclear grade concentrated 10B zirconium diboride powder and a target and mainly solves the problem that in the ZrB2 powder preparation process in the prior art, the raw material concentrated 10B BC4 is expensive, great in boron loss rate and great in hot-pressing and sintering difficulty for manufacturing the target. The preparation method comprises: (1) by taking nuclear grade hafnium-free zirconyl nitrate as a zirconium source and concentrated 10B-enriching boric acid as a boron source, preparing a gel by using a sol-gel method, and heating, drying and grinding the gel into powder to prepare a precusor; and (2) by adopting argon as a protective atmosphere, and synthesizing the precusor at a high pressure by using a carbon heat reduction method to obtain the 10B-enriching zirconium diboride ultrafine powder, wherein the elemental abundance of 10B in the boric acid in the step (1) is 30-70%. The invention further discloses a method for preparing nuclear grade ZrB2 target by using the concentrated 10B zirconium diboride powder. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being low in cost of raw materials, effectively reducing the boron loss rate and being simple in process and suitable for preparing the nuclear grade ZrB2 target and the like.

Description

A kind of core level concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride powder and target piece
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear matter manufacturing process technology, what be specifically related to is that a kind of core level concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride powder and target piece.
Background technology
After Fukushima, Japan Nuclear Power Accident, the security of nuclear power has become the key factor of restriction nuclear power developing.At China, the Generation Ⅲ AP1000 possessing non-passive safety design takes the good opportunity undoubtedly in the nuclear power developing in China's future, becomes the heap-type of main force's development.The fuel ZrB just of above-mentioned AP1000 heap-type 2-IFBA fuel.
ZrB 2-IFBA is a kind of novel burnable poison fuel, compared with the burnable poison of other type, its have core excellent property, configuration maneuverability, residual toxicity little, the advantages such as water side corrosion chemical environment, economy be good can be improved.
ZrB 2-IFBA fuel is at UO 2pellet outer surface one deck ZrB 2coating, current coating process is magnetron sputtering, core level ZrB 2target piece is cathode material needed for magnetron sputtering, its 10the massfraction of B is 54.3% ~ 55.3%, and zirconium is nuclear grade zirconium.Both at home and abroad at ZrB 2the field such as powder preparation, sintering has all been carried out and has been studied widely, but core level ZrB 2target be prepared in domestic have not been reported, domestic at present also do not possess preparative capacibility, core level ZrB 2the supply of target piece is by Sai Ruidan company limited of U.S. simple monopoly.
And the core level ZrB of Sai Ruidan company limited of the U.S. 2the preparation method of target piece is that carbothermic method prepares powder, then through hot pressed sintering, cutting and grinding.The advantage of the method is that starting material easily obtain, technique simple, suitable batch is produced.But this method also exists larger defect, this shortcoming is preparation ZrB 2the raw material of powder is BC 4, concentrated 10the BC of B 4expensive, powder synthesis temperature is high, and boron rate of loss is large, and the powder activity of preparation is low, and must carry out hot pressed sintering, therefore manufacturing cost is high, hot pressed sintering difficulty is large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve prior art preparation and be suitable for core level ZrB 2the ZrB of target piece 2in powder process, its raw material concentrates 10the BC of B 4expensive, boron rate of loss is large, for making target piece time hot pressed sintering difficulty large problem, provide a kind of raw materials cost low, effective reduction boron rate of loss, technique simple and be suitable for preparing core level ZrB 2a kind of core level of target piece concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology; Present invention also offers and utilize this core level to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder prepares core level ZrB 2a kind of core level of target piece concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride target piece.
For solving above-mentioned shortcoming, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of core level concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) Zircosol ZN of hafnium or basic zirconium chloride is gone to be zirconium source, with concentrated richness with core level 10the boric acid of B is boron source, utilizes sol-gel process to prepare gel, pulverizes after heat drying, obtained precursor;
(2) adopt flowing argon gas to do protective atmosphere, namely can be made into richness by carbothermic method by after precursor high―temperature nuclei 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B;
In described step (1) boric acid 10the elemental abundance of B is 30% ~ 70%.
Sol-gel method and carbothermic method are prior art, and its concrete principle is as follows:
Sol-gel method: by raw material Homogeneous phase mixing under liquid phase, and be hydrolyzed, condensation chemical reaction, form stable vitreosol system in the solution, colloidal sol is slowly polymerized through between ageing micelle, form the gel of three-dimensional space network structure, between gel network, be filled with the solvent lost flowability.Gel can prepare the material of molecule and even nanometer substructure through super-dry, sintering curing;
Carbothermic method: at a certain temperature, a kind of method of redox reaction of carrying out as reductive agent using inorganic carbon.
The present invention uses cost ratio to concentrate 10the BC of B 4cheaply several times concentrated 10the boric acid of B and the compound of carbon elements are starting material, and employing sol-gel process prepares the gel containing C, B, Zr, makes precursor through operations such as heat dryings, more concentrated through constant-pressure and high-temperature synthesis 10the ZrB of B 2ultrafine powder.
The present invention is by going the Zircosol ZN of hafnium or basic zirconium chloride to be zirconium source, with concentrated richness with core level 10the boric acid of B is boron source, and utilizes sol-gel process and carbothermic method acting in conjunction, not only reaches to produce to be suitable for core level ZrB 2the ZrB of target piece 2ultrafine powder, and prepare concentrated 10the ZrB of B 2ultrafine powder activity is higher, thus at anaphase nucleus level ZrB 2directly can adopt the method for pressureless sintering in target piece sintering process, production efficiency is greatly improved, reduce production unit requirement simultaneously, and then reduce input cost; And ZrB in the target piece made through pressureless sintering 2density to more than 85%, can meet the technical requirements of target needed for magnetron sputtering completely.
Meanwhile, because boric acid and Zircosol ZN or basic zirconium chloride synthesize ZrB 2time temperature relatively low, when avoiding boric acid and core level to go the Zircosol ZN of hafnium or basic zirconium chloride to be polymerized, high temperature causes 10the waste of B, and then effectively ensure that in boron source 10the utilising efficiency of B, makes 10the utilization ratio of B has had and has significantly improved, and reduces production cost.And the present invention boron source used and the hot carbon reduction method of tradition adopt concentrated 10the BC of B 4compare, its raw materials cost lowers more than 50%, has effectively saved Productive statistics cost more further.
As wherein a kind of embodiment, in described step (1), boron source is mixed by the distilled water of the boric acid of 110 ~ 150 weight parts, the sucrose of 140 ~ 170 weight parts and 500 weight parts; The Zircosol ZN of 200 ~ 230 weight parts and the distilled water of 500 weight parts are mixed and made into zirconium source; Form colloidal sol after boron source and zirconium source mix and blend, with strong aqua, sol pH is adjusted to 2 ~ 3, then gel is made in heating.
As another embodiment, in described step (1), boron source is mixed by the distilled water of the boric acid of 110 ~ 150 weight parts, the citric acid of 320 ~ 350 weight parts and 500 weight parts; The basic zirconium chloride of 160 ~ 180 weight parts and the distilled water of 500 weight parts are mixed and made into zirconium source; Form colloidal sol after boron source and zirconium source mix and blend, then in colloidal sol, add the hexamethylenetetramine of 60 ~ 80 weight parts, gel is made in heating.
Further, the gel in described step (1) is pulverized obtained precursor after 80 ~ 110 DEG C of heat dryings.
Further, in described step (2), the temperature of high―temperature nuclei is 1350 ~ 1600 DEG C, and generated time is 1 ~ 4h.
A kind of core level concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride target piece, comprises the following steps: utilize above-mentioned richness 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B, at low vacuum in 5 × 10 -2under the condition of MPa, after 1800 ~ 2100 DEG C of sintering, then concentrated by cutting and grinding 10b zirconium diboride target piece.
Adopt rich in the present invention 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B sinters into concentrated as raw material 10in the process of B zirconium diboride target piece, Yin Fu 10the activity of the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B is higher, can directly adopt the method for pressureless sintering to make concentrated 10b zirconium diboride target piece.Because pressureless sintering is compared with hot pressed sintering, it reduces greatly to the requirement of equipment, grinding tool, thus effectively can reduce the input cost of equipment, grinding tool; And it is rich in employing 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B sinters into concentrated as raw material 10without the need to dropping into sintering agent in the process of B zirconium diboride target piece, effectively improve product purity.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts low price to concentrate 10the boric acid of B and core level go the Zircosol ZN of hafnium or basic zirconium chloride to be raw material, and adopt the method that sol-gel combines with carbothermic method, effectively can prepare and be suitable for preparing core level ZrB 2the ultra-fine concentrated ZrB of target piece 2powder;
2, method therefor of the present invention is concentrated with employing 10the BC of B 4the hot carbon reduction method of tradition for raw material is compared, and its raw materials cost lowers more than 50%, and the method can effectively improve concentrated 10the utilization ratio of B, reduces synthesis temperature, has the advantages such as reliable, economy, technique are simple;
That 3, prepares in the present invention is suitable for core level ZrB 2the ultra-fine concentrated ZrB of target piece 2powder active is high, thus can adopt the method for pressureless sintering in later stage target piece sintering process, can prepare core level ZrB after cutting and grinding 2target, because the method for pressureless sintering is relative to hot pressed sintering, it reduces greatly to the requirement of equipment, grinding tool, greatly reduces equipment investment cost;
4, raw material of the present invention is adopted can to prepare ultra-fine concentrated ZrB 2powder, and utilize this ultra-fine concentrated ZrB 2powder can obtain core level ZrB after pressureless sintering 2target piece, and by core level ZrB that the method is prepared 2zrB in target piece 2density can reach more than 85%, effectively meet the technical requirements of target needed for magnetron sputtering;
5, core level ZrB of the present invention 2target piece adding without any sintering agent in this sintering process, improve product purity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
First, prepare a kind of core level to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder, concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) by massfraction, in 80 DEG C of water-baths, 72 portions of sucrose and 65 parts of boric acid are dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water, are designated as solution A; Go 110 parts hafnium Zircosol ZN to be dissolved in another 250 parts of distilled water, be designated as B solution.B solution joined in solution A, stir and form colloidal sol, then adding strong aqua adjust ph is 2, and heating for some time becomes safran clear gel.By safran gel 100 DEG C of dryings, then pulverize, obtain precursor.In boric acid 10b element abundance is 70%.
(2) precursor is added in the stone mill crucible of induction furnace, be filled with argon gas and do protective atmosphere, high―temperature nuclei to 1350 DEG C, keep 2h, stop heating, after furnace cooling, obtain richness 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B.
Secondly, above-mentioned a kind of core level is utilized to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder is prepared a kind of core level and is concentrated 10b zirconium diboride target piece, concrete preparation method is as follows:
A richness that () will obtain 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B, at 300MPa forming under the pressure, makes ZrB in green compact 2density reach more than 55%.
B () sinters in vacuum atmosphere oven, wherein, the low vacuum in this vacuum atmosphere oven is in 5 × 10 -2mPa, sintering temperature is 2000 DEG C, and sintering time is 2h; By the ZrB after sintering 2zrB is obtained through cutting and grinding 2target piece.ZrB after testing 2zrB in target piece 2density be 93%.
What adopt in the present invention is 10the elemental abundance of B is the boric acid of 70% and the Zircosol ZN removing hafnium, and its Costco Wholesale is well below in prior art 10b element abundance is the BC of 70% 4; And by adopting raw material of the present invention, after sol-gel process and carbothermic method process, effectively generate zirconium diboride ultrafine powder, the method and employing 10b element abundance is the BC of 70% 4prepare zirconium diboride ultrafine powder for raw material to compare, generating should 10the utilization ratio of B obtains effective increase, reduce further manufacturing cost.
The zirconium diboride ultrafine powder activity adopting raw material of the present invention and method to generate is high, thus without the need to this zirconium diboride ultrafine powder being utilized to sinter out ZrB through activation treatment again 2target piece.And adopt the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder sintering ZrB of additive method or raw material composition 2during target piece, need to carry out under the condition of high pressure and sintering agent, high to equipment requirements; But zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of the present invention is higher due to its activity, thus can sinter out ZrB in atmospheric conditions 2target piece, effectively reduces sintering ZrB 2to the requirement of equipment during target piece, adding without the need to sintering agent, effectively reduce costs simultaneously.
And adopt the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder sintering ZrB of additive method or raw material composition 2target piece, it can not be applicable to the technical requirements of target needed for magnetron sputtering, but by ZrB that zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of the present invention sinters out 2target piece is not only effectively applicable to magnetron sputtering domain requirement, and the ZrB sintered out 2the ZrB that target piece and other raw materials and method are prepared 2target piece is compared, and its density is higher, better quality.
Namely present invention employs the lower raw material of cost, to have prepared density higher, better quality, and preparation technology requires easier, and can be applicable to zirconium diboride ultrafine powder and the ZrB of the technical requirements of target needed for magnetron sputtering 2target piece.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is only, in described step (1), solution A is different with the moiety of B solution, in the present embodiment, solution A is dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water by 80 portions of sucrose and 70 parts of boric acid and forms, and described B solution goes hafnium Zircosol ZN to mix with 250 parts of distilled water by 115 parts to form.
After testing, the ZrB that makes of the present embodiment 2zrB in target piece 2density be 91%.
Embodiment 3
First, prepare a kind of core level to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder, concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) by massfraction, in 80 DEG C of water-baths, 160 parts of citric acids and 60 parts of boric acid are dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water, are designated as solution A; Go 80 parts hafnium basic zirconium chloride to be dissolved in another 250 parts of distilled water, be designated as B solution.B solution joined in solution A, stir and form colloidal sol, then add 35 parts of hexamethylenetetramines, heating for some time becomes safran clear gel.By safran gel 100 DEG C of dryings, then pulverize, obtain precursor.In this boric acid 10b element abundance is 40%.
(2) body in early stage is added in the stone mill crucible of induction furnace, be filled with argon gas and do protective atmosphere, high―temperature nuclei to 1350 DEG C, keep 2h, stop heating, after furnace cooling, obtain richness 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B.
Secondly, above-mentioned a kind of core level is utilized to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder is prepared a kind of core level and is concentrated 10b zirconium diboride target piece, concrete preparation method is as follows:
A richness that () will obtain 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B, at 300MPa forming under the pressure, makes ZrB in green compact 2density reach more than 55%T.D.
B () sinters in vacuum atmosphere oven, wherein, the low vacuum in this vacuum atmosphere oven is in 5 × 10 -2mPa, sintering temperature is 1900 DEG C, and sintering time is 2h; By the ZrB after sintering 2zrB is obtained through cutting and grinding 2target piece.ZrB after testing 2zrB in target piece 2density be 90%.
Embodiment 4
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 3 is only, in described step (1), solution A is different with the moiety of B solution, in the present embodiment, solution A is dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water by 170 parts of citric acids and 75 parts of boric acid and forms, and described B solution 90 parts goes hafnium basic zirconium chloride to mix with 250 parts of distilled water to form; The add-on of hexamethylenetetramine is 40 parts.
After testing, the ZrB that makes of the present embodiment 2zrB in target piece 2density be 88%.
Embodiment 5
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 3 is only, in described step (1), solution A is different with the moiety of B solution, in the present embodiment, solution A is dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water by 165 parts of citric acids and 65 parts of boric acid and forms, and described B solution 85 parts goes hafnium basic zirconium chloride to mix with 250 parts of distilled water to form; The add-on of hexamethylenetetramine is 30 parts.
After testing, the ZrB that makes of the present embodiment 2zrB in target piece 2density be 90%.
Embodiment 6
First, prepare a kind of core level to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder, concrete preparation method is as follows:
(1) by massfraction, in 80 DEG C of water-baths, 75 portions of sucrose and 70 parts of boric acid are dissolved in 250 parts of distilled water, are designated as solution A; Go 130 parts hafnium Zircosol ZN to be dissolved in another 250 parts of distilled water, be designated as B solution.B solution joined in solution A, stir and form colloidal sol, then adding strong aqua adjust ph is 2, and heating for some time becomes safran clear gel.By safran gel 100 DEG C of dryings, then pulverize, obtain precursor.In this boric acid 10b element abundance is 30%.
(2) body in early stage is added in the stone mill crucible of induction furnace, be filled with argon gas and do protective atmosphere, under normal pressure, sinter to 1600 DEG C, keep 1h, stop heating, after furnace cooling, obtain richness 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B.
Secondly, above-mentioned a kind of core level is utilized to concentrate 10b zirconium diboride powder is prepared a kind of core level and is concentrated 10b zirconium diboride target piece, concrete preparation method is as follows:
At low vacuum in 5 × 10 -2mPa, sintering temperature is 1800 DEG C, and sintering time is 2h; By the ZrB after sintering 2zrB is obtained through cutting and grinding 2target piece.ZrB after testing 2zrB in target piece 2density be 85%.
Above-described embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the invention, as long as adopt principle of design of the present invention, and the change carried out non-creativeness work on this basis and make, all should belong within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a core level concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) Zircosol ZN of hafnium or basic zirconium chloride is gone to be zirconium source, with concentrated richness with core level 10the boric acid of B is boron source, utilizes sol-gel process to prepare gel, pulverizes after heat drying, obtained precursor;
(2) adopt flowing argon gas to do protective atmosphere, namely can be made into richness by after precursor high―temperature nuclei 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B;
In described step (1) boric acid 10the elemental abundance of B is 30% ~ 70%.
2. a kind of core level according to claim 1 concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that: in described step (1), boron source is mixed by the distilled water of the boric acid of 110 ~ 150 weight parts, the sucrose of 140 ~ 170 weight parts and 500 weight parts; The Zircosol ZN of 200 ~ 230 weight parts and the distilled water of 500 weight parts are mixed and made into zirconium source; Form colloidal sol after boron source and zirconium source mix and blend, with strong aqua, sol pH is adjusted to 2 ~ 3, then gel is made in heating.
3. a kind of core level according to claim 1 concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that: in described step (1), boron source is mixed by the distilled water of the boric acid of 110 ~ 150 weight parts, the citric acid of 320 ~ 350 weight parts and 500 weight parts; The basic zirconium chloride of 160 ~ 180 weight parts and the distilled water of 500 weight parts are mixed and made into zirconium source; Form colloidal sol after boron source and zirconium source mix and blend, then in colloidal sol, add the hexamethylenetetramine of 60 ~ 80 weight parts, gel is made in heating.
4. a kind of core level according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that: the gel in described step (1) is pulverized obtained precursor after 80 ~ 110 DEG C of heat dryings.
5. a kind of core level according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 concentrates 10b zirconium diboride raw powder's production technology, is characterized in that: in described step (2), high―temperature nuclei temperature is 1350 ~ 1600 DEG C, and generated time is 1 ~ 4h.
6. a core level concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride target piece, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Utilize the richness described in any one of claim 1 ~ 5 10the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B, at low vacuum in 5 × 10 -2under the condition of MPa, after 1800 ~ 2100 DEG C of sintering, then concentrated by cutting and grinding 10b zirconium diboride target piece.
7. a kind of core level according to claim 6 concentrates 10the preparation method of B zirconium diboride target piece, is characterized in that, described richness 10after the zirconium diboride ultrafine powder of B is pressed into green compact by the pressure of 200 ~ 350MPa, then by 1800 ~ 2100 DEG C of sintering, eventually passes and to cut and grinding is concentrated 10the zirconium diboride target piece of B.
CN201510487025.3A 2015-08-11 2015-08-11 Preparation method for nuclear grade concentrated 10B zirconium diboride powder and target Pending CN105110347A (en)

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Application publication date: 20151202