CN105098375A - Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial - Google Patents
Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105098375A CN105098375A CN201410235226.XA CN201410235226A CN105098375A CN 105098375 A CN105098375 A CN 105098375A CN 201410235226 A CN201410235226 A CN 201410235226A CN 105098375 A CN105098375 A CN 105098375A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- array antenna
- refractive index
- phased
- meta materials
- antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a phased-array antenna, especially a phased-array antenna based on a near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial. The antenna is composed of active antenna units in an array form, an integrated network, heat radiation modules, a power supply and control module, a high frequency interface and the near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial. The effective refractive index neff of the near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial is less than 1 and is close to zero. The interval d0 between the antenna units of the phased-array antenna is more than the maximum interval d of the antenna units of a traditional phased-array antenna, wherein d satisfies a constrained condition of the maximum scanning angle theta max without grating lobes: d<= lambda 0/(1+sin(theta max)), and lambda 0 is a space wave length. The phased-array antenna based on the near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial can solve the contradiction of the phased-array antenna unit interval and grating lobe wave beams, increases the unit interval, and enlarges wave beam scanning angles without grating lobes. The phased-array antenna based on the near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial contributes to solving the thermal design problem and the mutual coupling problem in the phased-array antenna, meanwhile greatly decreases the usage quantity of active devices, and reduces the cost of the phased-array antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of phased array antenna, particularly a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials.
Background technology
Meta Materials is a kind of material be made up of engineer's micro-structural, by designing the construction unit of Meta Materials, making it produce corresponding resonance to Electric and magnetic fields, thus can regulate and control its effective dielectric constant and effective permeability easily.The electromagnetic attributes of Meta Materials also can be able to change by designed by the wish of people, and under wider frequency section outer field action, shows the macroparameter of similar uniform dielectric, as DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε and magnetic permeability μ.In addition, all properties of Meta Materials relies on the resonance of each scattering object inner to produce.In recent years, cause the great interest of people to the research of metamaterial structure and characteristic, various metamaterial structure was also suggested in succession.Wherein, zero refractive index Meta Materials is a kind of Meta Materials quite concerned in recent years.According to Snell law n
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2, light beam is n in refractive index
1propagation, and be n with refractive index
2medium interface place occur refraction time, if n
1≈ 0 and n
2> 0, no matter then incidence angle θ
1for how much, angle of emergence θ
2inevitable close to zero, namely along interface normal outgoing, this characteristic of zero refractive index provides a kind of method that can be used for the control wave direction of propagation of uniqueness.
The people such as Enoch
[49]when experiment confirmed and embedded in zero refractive index substrate by radiation source first time, the energy of radiation will be limited in the narrow and small conical area of surrounding medium one, and namely by utilizing the characteristic of zero refraction materials, the directivity of energy emission is greatly improved.The people such as Wu
[55]have studied when dipole antenna is embedded in zero different refractive indexes and nearly zero refraction materials, the change of antenna radiation performance, all find to utilize zero refractive index Meta Materials can the direction of effective control wave propagation.
Phased array antenna is widely used a kind of antenna technology in the system such as satellite communication, radar.Utilize multiple antenna element to be arranged in array according to specific spacing, and modulated by the transmission electromagnetic wave phase place of phase shifter to each unit, phased array antenna can be made to have high directionality, wave beam such as automatically controlledly can to scan at the feature.But the beam-scanning angles of phased array antenna is subject to the constraint of some conditions usually, such as, when antenna element separation exceedes certain distance, beam scanning exceedes specific scanning angle can there is scanning graing lobe in the opposite direction of main beam, the one waste of limited radial energy is not only in the appearance of this graing lobe wave beam, and can occur to disturb with other non-cooperation objects or disturbed, more seriously in military communication scene, graing lobe can bring information leakage, reduces antijamming capability and the confidentiality of system.In order to suppress the generation of graing lobe, in the system design process of phased array antenna, first antenna element separation will be considered, less antenna distance can obtain larger without graing lobe scanning area.But antenna element separation reduction can bring active device design difficulty to improve, thermal design is difficult to meet operating environment requirements, and element mutual coupling impact increases, and occurs many unfavorable factors such as scan blind spot.Therefore the unit interval of phased array antenna and graing lobe retrain is a great problem in Antenna Design process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the special electromagnetic performance utilizing nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials, when keeping phased array antenna technical indicator substantially constant, improve the antenna element separation of phased array antenna, broadening antenna beam scanning angle, thus increase design space and the heat-dissipating space of active device, reduce the usage quantity of active device, reduce design difficulty and the cost of phased array antenna, improve reliability.
In order to reach above object, the invention provides a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials, this antenna is made up of the active antenna element of array format, radiating module, integrated network, power supply and control module, high frequency interfaces, nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials.The effective refractive index of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials of the present invention is less than 1, close to zero, is realized by artificial metamaterial structure; This nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials is loaded on the radiating surface of antenna, the spacing d of the antenna element of phased array antenna
0can be greater than the antenna element separation d of traditional phased array antenna, wherein d must meet without graing lobe maximum scan angle θ
maxconstraints:
λ
0it is space wavelength.
Nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials equivalent refractive index span in phased array antenna working frequency range in the present invention is
can by dielectric constant close to zero metamaterial structure or magnetic permeability close to zero metamaterial structure realize, as dielectric constant close to zero Meta Materials often adopt the structure such as sub-wavelength dendriform, " work " shape, rectangle, circle of periodic arrangement, magnetic permeability often adopts the structure such as sub-wavelength dendriform, split ring resonator, spiral of periodic arrangement close to the Meta Materials of zero.Nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials is covered on the radiating surface of antenna by the mode loaded, and material height h is λ
0the integral multiple of/2, width is at least greater than phased array antenna edge cells space wavelength.
The active antenna element of array format is made up of radiator, transmitting/receiving active device, phase shifter.The form of radiator can be the various antenna forms such as loudspeaker, gap, micro-band, spiral.Transmitting/receiving active device, according to required system system selection, can be the full duplex of communication system, also can be the half-duplex of radar system.The selection of phase shifter uses digital phase shifter or analog phase shifter according to the difference of required scanning accuracy.
The active antenna element spacing of phased array antenna provided by the present invention is chosen for
relative to traditional phased array antenna, when keeping beam-scanning angles and other performances are constant, its unit interval is maximum can expand 1/n
effdoubly.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, there is following gain effect: the phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials solves the contradiction that phased array antenna unit spacing and graing lobe retrain, increase unit interval and expand the scanning beam scanning angle do not occurred under graing lobe condition.Be conducive to solving the thermal design that brings because unit interval is too small of phased array antenna and active device design difficulty increases, the technical problems such as mutual coupling, significantly can also reduce the usage quantity of active device simultaneously, reduce the cost of phased array antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The phased array antenna generalized section based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention
Nearly zero refraction materials schematic diagram that Fig. 2 is made up of the sub-wavelength dendrimers of periodic arrangement
The schematic diagram of Fig. 3 active antenna element array and radiating module
Fig. 4 does not load the beam scanning far-field pattern of the phased array antenna of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials
Fig. 5 loads the beam scanning far-field pattern of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials phased array antenna
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, operating center frequency is f
0the phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials of=8GHz, overall structure is mainly divided into four layers, top layer is nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1 of writing board shape, the second layer is active antenna element 2 and radiating module 3, third layer is integrated network 4, and bottom is high frequency interfaces 5 and power supply and control module 6.Each interlayer can be combined into one by mechanical connection, welding or the mode bonded.
Fig. 2 shows the nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1 be made up of the sub-wavelength dendriform cellular construction 7 of periodic arrangement, and in the present embodiment, nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1 is at Antenna Operation centre frequency f
0the equivalent refractive index value at=8GHz place is n
eff=0.56, corresponding effective dielectric constant ε
eff=0.314, equivalent permeability μ
eff=1.Dendriform cellular construction 7 is as shown in Figure 2 adopted to realize corresponding electromagnetic parameter, corresponding geometric parameter is: one-level branch l1=2.5mm, secondary branch l2=1.2mm, angle theta=84 °, live width w=0.4mm, lines up periodic array with unit interval d1=4mm.Adopt printed-board technology to be 2mm by this design producing in thickness, relative dielectric constant is on the polytetrafluoroethylene one side bonded copper base 8 of 2.65.The total height of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials is 18mm, need adopt 9 layers of aforesaid substrate 8 altogether, is assembled into one by mechanical connection or adhesion technique.
As shown in Figure 3, active antenna element 2 is open waveguide antenna, and antenna top is passive circular waveguide 9 irradiation structure, waveguide internal diameter
antenna Lower Half is active module embedded therein 10, and adopt semiconductor technology to realize reception/transmitting power device and phase shifter function, active module embedded therein 10 embeds in circular waveguide 9 and is combined into an active antenna element 2.Radiating module 3 is the aluminium block of edge with fin-shaped radiator structure, in aluminium block, process internal diameter
spacing d2 is the manhole array of 30mm, and this manhole is circular waveguide 9.If improve radiating efficiency, the radiator structure such as heat pipe, liquid cooling passage can also be imbedded in radiating module 3.
Integrated network 4 contains high-frequency microstrip power distributing network and low frequency and controls and power circuit, adopts multilayer circuit board printing technology on ptfe substrate, carry out low-and high-frequency mixing wiring, and its input and output are high-frequency joint 5 and power supply and control module 6.
It is 0 ° ,+15 ° and+30 ° of far-field patterns loading the beam-scanning angles before and after nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1 that Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 compared for phased array antenna that the present embodiment provides (only comprise active antenna element 2, radiating module 3, integrated network 4, bottom be high frequency interfaces 5, power supply and control module 6).As shown in Figure 4, when phased array antenna does not load nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1, the scanning angle that this antenna does not go out graing lobe is+15 °, when scanning angle is+30 °, occurs the graing lobe of-3dB in-46 ° of directions.As shown in Figure 5, after the nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials 1 of loading, scanning graing lobe is totally constrained, and main beam property retention is substantially constant simultaneously.Therefore solve the contradiction of phased array antenna unit spacing and graing lobe wave beam based on the phased array antenna of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials, increase unit interval and expand the beam-scanning angles do not occurred under graing lobe condition.Be conducive to solving the thermal design that brings because unit interval is too small of phased array antenna and active device design difficulty increases, the technical problems such as mutual coupling, significantly can also reduce the usage quantity of active device simultaneously, reduce the cost of phased array antenna.
Claims (5)
1. based on a phased array antenna for nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials, its principal character is: this antenna is made up of the active antenna element of array format, integrated network, radiating module, power supply and control module, high frequency interfaces, nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials; The effective refractive index n of described nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials
effbe less than 1, close to zero; The spacing d of the antenna element of described phased array antenna
0be greater than the antenna element maximum spacing d of traditional phased array antenna, wherein d meets without graing lobe maximum scan angle θ
maxconstraints:
λ
0it is space wavelength.
2. a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the equivalent refractive index n of nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials
effin phased array antenna working frequency range, span is
3. a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: can by effective dielectric constant close to zero metamaterial structure or equivalent permeability close to zero metamaterial structure realize nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials.
4. a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials loads on the radiating surface in phased array antenna, nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials height h is λ
0the integral multiple of/2, width is at least greater than antenna unit array space wavelength.
5. a kind of phased array antenna based on nearly zero refractive index Meta Materials as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: each active antenna element comprises radiator, transmitting/receiving active device, phase shifter, the unit interval span of active antenna element is
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410235226.XA CN105098375A (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410235226.XA CN105098375A (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105098375A true CN105098375A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
Family
ID=54578309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410235226.XA Pending CN105098375A (en) | 2014-05-22 | 2014-05-22 | Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105098375A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106842227A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院大学 | Precision optics distance-finding method based on zero refractive index Meta Materials |
| CN106953172A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-14 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of mechanical, electrical and heating integrated integrated morphology of spaceborne phased array antenna |
| CN107834152A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of conformal bearer antenna that front radiating is realized using FSS and micro heat pipe |
| CN110137650A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 苏州大学 | Waveguide assembly and signal transmitting apparatus |
| CN113394567A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-directivity dual-function lens antenna based on two-dimensional metal wire network |
| CN114914670A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-16 | 四川太赫兹通信有限公司 | Terahertz electronic control coding antenna unit and terahertz electronic control coding antenna |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070285315A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2007-12-13 | Davis Dennis W | Phase arrays exploiting geometry phase and methods of creating such arrays |
| CN103457015A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-12-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Integrated millimeter wave active phased-array antenna |
-
2014
- 2014-05-22 CN CN201410235226.XA patent/CN105098375A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070285315A1 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2007-12-13 | Davis Dennis W | Phase arrays exploiting geometry phase and methods of creating such arrays |
| CN103457015A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2013-12-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Integrated millimeter wave active phased-array antenna |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周航等: "《零折射率超材料对喇叭天线波前相位的改善》", 《空军工程大学学报》 * |
| 施群，等: "《超材料覆层扩大相控阵天线的波束扫描范围》", 《现代雷达》 * |
| 郭晓静、赵晓鹏等: "《基于零折射率超材料的高定向性微带天线》", 《通信与网络》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106953172A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-14 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of mechanical, electrical and heating integrated integrated morphology of spaceborne phased array antenna |
| CN106953172B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2020-04-10 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Electromechanical and thermal integrated structure of satellite-borne phased-array antenna |
| CN106842227A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-13 | 中国科学院大学 | Precision optics distance-finding method based on zero refractive index Meta Materials |
| CN106842227B (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院大学 | Precision optics distance measuring method based on zero refractive index Meta Materials |
| CN107834152A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-03-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of conformal bearer antenna that front radiating is realized using FSS and micro heat pipe |
| CN110137650A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-16 | 苏州大学 | Waveguide assembly and signal transmitting apparatus |
| CN110137650B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-08-10 | 苏州大学 | Waveguide device and signal transmission device |
| CN113394567A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | High-directivity dual-function lens antenna based on two-dimensional metal wire network |
| CN114914670A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-16 | 四川太赫兹通信有限公司 | Terahertz electronic control coding antenna unit and terahertz electronic control coding antenna |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105098375A (en) | Phased-array antenna based on near-zero-refractive-index metamaterial | |
| Li et al. | Single-layer focusing gradient metasurface for ultrathin planar lens antenna application | |
| Zhang et al. | 3D‐printed planar graded index lenses | |
| Liang et al. | An azimuth-pattern reconfigurable antenna based on water grating reflector | |
| Xu et al. | High‐efficiency circular dense dielectric patch antenna with frequency selectivity | |
| Cao et al. | Multi‐beam SIW leaky‐wave antenna with 2‐D beam scanning capability for millimeter‐wave radar applications | |
| Buerkle et al. | A wide-band, circularly polarized, magnetodielectric resonator antenna | |
| Ma et al. | Compact planar array antenna with electrically beam steering from backfire to endfire based on liquid crystal | |
| Li et al. | Reconfigurable reflectarray antenna using single‐layer radiator controlled by PIN diodes | |
| Alkaraki et al. | High aperture efficient slot antenna surrounded by the cavity and narrow corrugations at Ka‐band and Ku‐band | |
| Long et al. | RCS reduction and gain enhancement based on holographic metasurface and PRS | |
| Luo et al. | Active metamaterial antenna with beam scanning manipulation based on a digitally modulated array factor method | |
| Lu et al. | Electromagnetic band‐gap based corrugated structures for reducing mutual coupling of compact 60 GHz cavity‐backed antenna arrays in low temperature co‐fired ceramics | |
| Vo Dai et al. | Compact multi‐layer microstrip Rotman lens design using coupling slots to support millimetre wave devices | |
| Huang et al. | A broadband and high aperture efficiency multilayer transmitarray based on aperture-coupled slot unit cells | |
| Zhang et al. | Broadband and high gain dielectric‐rod end‐fire antenna fed by a tapered ridge waveguide for K/Ka bands applications | |
| Binzlekar et al. | A high gain and wide bandwidth Grooved AML loaded Vivaldi Antenna design for imaging and communication applications | |
| Wang et al. | A unidirectional frequency beam‐scanning antenna using composite slow‐wave waveguide based on substrate integrated waveguide and spoof surface plasmon polariton structure | |
| Liu et al. | Wideband circular patch antenna with I‐shaped structure for horizontal omnidirectional gain enhancement | |
| Liu et al. | 2D flat Luneburg lens antenna for multibeam scanning application | |
| Guo et al. | Interferometric phase transmitarray for spatial power combining to enhance EIRP of millimeter-wave transmitters | |
| Hongjian et al. | Multi‐frequency dual polarisation radiometer common aperture antenna feeding system | |
| Li et al. | An X/Ku-band focusing anisotropic metasurface for low cross-polarization lens antenna application | |
| Tang et al. | The engineering way from spoof surface plasmon polaritons to radiations | |
| US12034210B2 (en) | Leaky wave antenna |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20151125 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |