CN105097357B - Process for manufacturing a magnetic component of a differential relay with surface treatment by shot peening - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing a magnetic component of a differential relay with surface treatment by shot peening Download PDFInfo
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- CN105097357B CN105097357B CN201510226841.9A CN201510226841A CN105097357B CN 105097357 B CN105097357 B CN 105097357B CN 201510226841 A CN201510226841 A CN 201510226841A CN 105097357 B CN105097357 B CN 105097357B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
- H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection
- H01H83/144—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection with differential transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
- H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/22—Polarised relays
- H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A method for a magnetic component (15, 17) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), comprising a surface treatment step of shot peening at least a portion of the surface of the magnetic component (15, 17). The surface treatment step of shot peening projects the pressurized micro beads on the surface portion.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a magnetic component of a high-sensitivity differential relay.
The invention has particular application to the manufacture of differential protection switches or circuit breakers.
Such differential switches or circuit breakers are designed to protect personnel safety by rapidly breaking a primary circuit in the event of a fault on the primary circuit. In particular, a differential circuit breaker of the "intrinsic current" type is composed of a fault circuit detector, a high-sensitivity differential relay and a mechanism for opening the primary circuit.
Background
The differential relay comprises a magnetic circuit comprising two magnetic components, namely a movable blade and a stationary armature.
The fault current detector is capable of sending an electrical signal to the differential relay when a fault occurs on the primary circuit. The differential relay responds to an electrical signal, and the differential relay is opened by rotating the blades relative to the armature, which sets the opening mechanism of the primary circuit active.
The magnetic components of the differential relay are made of soft magnetic alloys characterized by high saturation induction, low coercive field strength and relatively high resistivity. Such a feature ensures that the differential relay operates correctly.
In order to meet the desired magnetic property conditions, it is known to manufacture the magnetic components of the magnetic circuit using magnetic alloys such as iron and nickel, for example, comprising 46 wt% (mass fraction) to 49 wt% and especially 48 wt% nickel, the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from the manufacture. The alloy has the advantages that the saturation magnetic induction Bs is 1.5Tesla and the coercive field strength Hc is 4A/m.
The magnetic component thus produced can then be subjected to humid atmospheric conditions, which pose the following risks: corrosion between the iron and nickel in the alloy to form iron oxide and iron superoxide can lead to premature triggering of the differential relay or conversely to sticking of the blade to the armature.
Furthermore, the constant contact between the vanes and the armature can cause local wear and deformation of these components, resulting in improper operation of the differential relay.
In general, the nickel-based magnetic alloys used have a low hardness (close to 120HV) and low wear resistance. Furthermore, these nickel alloys are not stainless and have insufficient corrosion resistance under the conditions of use of the relay.
It has thus been proposed to increase the hardness and wear resistance of the contact surfaces of the magnetic components of relays by making a metal coating on these surfaces, which metal coating also increases the corrosion resistance of the contact surfaces. These metallic coatings are for example deposits of gold, chromium or diamond.
However, this technique is costly.
It has been proposed to encapsulate differential relays in a water-tight plastic housing that can protect the magnetic circuit from corrosion. However, this technique does not solve the problems associated with the wear of the magnetic circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve these drawbacks and to provide a method for manufacturing a magnetic component of a differential relay, which magnetic component has a good degree of wear resistance and which differential relay is cheaper to implement than the method according to the prior art.
To this end, the invention relates to a method of the above-mentioned type, the manufacturing method comprising a surface treatment of shot peening at least a portion of the surface of the magnetic component, the shot peening surface treatment step comprising projecting pressurized microbeads onto said surface portion.
According to other aspects of the invention, the manufacturing method comprises one or more of the following features:
the magnetic component is an armature or a blade of a magnetic circuit;
the component is made of an Fe-Ni alloy comprising 46 to 49 wt% nickel, the balance being iron and impurities resulting from manufacture;
the micro-beads are glass, ceramic or steel micro-beads;
the microbeads are projected onto said surface portion at a pressure comprised between 1 and 5bars (bar);
the manufacturing method further includes an intermediate surface dressing step for the magnetic member, the surface dressing step being performed before the shot peening surface treatment step;
the manufacturing method further includes a final surface finishing step for the magnetic member, the final surface finishing step being performed after the shot peening surface treatment step.
The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a magnetic circuit of a high-sensitivity differential relay, said magnetic circuit comprising two magnetic components forming an armature and a blade, said method comprising:
manufacturing the magnetic component; and
assembling the magnetic components to form the magnetic circuit,
wherein the manufacturing of at least one of the magnetic components is done by using the method for manufacturing a magnetic component according to the invention.
The invention also relates to a magnetic component of a magnetic circuit of a high-sensitivity differential relay, characterized in that it is obtained by a method for manufacturing a magnetic component according to the invention.
The invention also relates to a magnetic circuit of a high-sensitivity differential relay, comprising two magnetic components forming an armature and a blade, characterized in that at least one of said magnetic components is a magnetic component according to the invention.
Drawings
The invention will be better understood by reading the following description, given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker including a high sensitivity differential relay according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for carrying out a method according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of electrical components for determining the impedance of a magnetic loop in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a circuit breaker 1, the circuit breaker 1 being inserted on a primary power circuit of an electrical device 2 to detect leakage currents in the primary circuit.
The circuit breaker 1 comprises a magnetic toroidal coil 3, a high-sensitivity differential relay 5 and a mechanism 7 for breaking the primary circuit.
The magnetic toroid 3 is able to detect a current fault on the primary circuit.
The differential relay 5 includes a magnetic circuit 9, a permanent magnet 11, and a return spring 13.
The magnetic circuit 9 comprises two magnetic relay components, respectively a movable blade 15 and a U-shaped stationary armature 17.
The armature 17 comprises a base 18 and first and second branches 19 and 20, each of the branches 19, 20 terminating in a planar polar surface 19a, 20 a.
The vanes 15 are mounted opposite the polar surfaces 19a, 20a of the armature 17. The blade 15 includes a substantially planar polar surface 15a, the polar surface 15a being contactable with polar surfaces 19a and 20a of the armature 17.
The vane 15 is mounted to rotate about an axis corresponding to the edge 21 of the first branch of the armature 17, between a rest (idle) position, as shown in fig. 1, in which the polarizing surface 15a of the vane 15 is in contact with the polarizing surfaces 19a, 20a of the armature 17, and a rotational position, in which the vane 15 rotating about the edge 21 is no longer in contact with the polarizing surface 2a of the second branch 20.
The polarizing branch 15a of the blade 15 and the polarizing surfaces 19a and 20a of the armature 17 are contact areas designed to contact each other.
The blade 15 and the armature are made of Fe — Ni alloy. The Fe-Ni alloy includes, for example, 46 wt% to 49 wt% of nickel, and the balance being iron and impurities generated in the manufacture. The Fe-Ni alloyGold is, for exampleAnd (4) forming an alloy.
The permanent magnet 11 takes the form of a parallelepiped bar. The permanent magnet 11 is placed between the branches 19 and 20 of the armature 17, one of the two poles of the magnet 11 being beside the base 18 of the armature 17 and the other pole facing the blade 15.
The permanent magnet 11 is capable of exerting a magnetic force on the blade 15 to hold the blade 15 in the stop position.
In addition, the return spring 13 is capable of exerting a force on the blade 15 that opposes the force exerted by the permanent magnet 11 to urge the blade 15 to a rotated position.
A control coil 23 is wound on the second branch 20 of the armature 17. The control coil 23 is supplied with current by means of the magnetic toroidal coil 3. When an excitation current flows in the control coil 23, the control coil 23 is able to establish a magnetic flux in the branch 20 that is opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 11.
When the toroidal coil 3 detects a current fault, an excitation current is generated in the control coil 23, which creates a magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 9 that opposes the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 11 and causes the maintenance force exerted on the blades 15 to be reduced or eliminated. The force exerted by the return spring 13 exceeds the holding force exerted on the blade 15, which urges the blade 15 to rotate towards its rotational position.
For example, the springs are weighted such that a fault current greater than or equal to 30mA causes the blades 15 to rotate toward their rotational position.
The movement of the blade 15 from its rest position to the rotated position can drive the mechanism 7 for breaking the primary circuit and thus cut off the power supply of the device 2.
The manufacture of the magnetic circuit 9 comprises manufacturing the two magnetic components of the circuit, namely the blade 15 and the armature 17, and assembling the two components to form the circuit.
The manufacturing of each magnetic component includes manufacturing a pre-formed component.
Each preformed part is manufactured as a strip of Fe-Ni alloy and then bent into shape to give each part the desired geometry, cut and then subjected to a high temperature (greater than 1000 degrees celsius) heat treatment designed to give the alloy strip the desired mechanical and magnetic properties, in particular a very low coercive field strength, for example less than or equal to 15A/m.
Such a coercive field makes it possible to make the relay highly sensitive, for example with an electrical triggering power of less than 250 μ VA and preferably between 50 and 150 μ VA.
In a known manner, the alloy strip is obtained by hot rolling and subsequent cold rolling of the ingot.
Each preformed part is then subjected to a surface treatment step using shot peening, wherein microbeads are projected onto at least a portion of the surface of each preformed part. For each of the magnetic members, the portion of the surface on which the beads are projected includes at least the contact area of the member, that is, the area where the member is designed to contact another member.
According to one embodiment, the microbeads are projected onto one side of the magnetic component that includes the contact area of these components (i.e., the area of these components that are designed to contact each other).
The treatment using shot peening causes the strain hardening of the produced surface to penetrate several hundredths of a millimeter, in particular from 0.03mm to 0.05mm, on the treated surface portion and thus increases the hardness of the surface portion of the component. For example, shot peening can increase the Vickers hardness (Vickers hardness) on the surface of the part by more than 50HV, for example from 120HV to more than 170 HV.
A depth of at least a few hundredths of a millimeter and especially approximately 0.03mm is sufficient to have the possibility of performing surface work of small material removal after shot peening treatment, while keeping the increased hardness on the surface of the component at least 170 HV. Furthermore, a depth of at most a few hundredths of a millimeter and in particular at most 0.05mm makes it possible to maintain the magnetic properties of the component.
At the end of the shot peening process, each part is subjected to a finishing process designed to give the part the appearance, roughness and flatness desired for the application.
In particular, obtaining a roughness Ra at least equal to 0.03 μm and less than 0.5 μm makes it possible to ensure good contact quality between the contact surfaces of the two components.
The blades 15 and the armature 17 are thus manufactured and subsequently assembled to form the magnetic circuit 9.
Alternatively, an intermediate finishing treatment may be performed on the preform component prior to the shot peening step.
The shot peening process step is described in more detail herein with reference to FIG. 2, which FIG. 2 generally illustrates an apparatus 50 for accomplishing the step.
The apparatus 50 includes a housing 52, the housing 52 including an opening 54 for insertion of the preformed part, the opening 54 being sealable to hermetically close the housing 52.
The apparatus 50 further comprises a support device 56 for pre-shaping the magnetic component, and a device 58 for projecting a stream of microbeads carried in a fluid onto the component held by the support device 56.
The bead projection device 58 includes a nozzle 60 for projecting a stream of beads carried in a fluid, and a device for supplying the nozzle 60 with a pressurized fluid carrying the beads.
The beads are micron glass, ceramic or steel beads. For example, the diameter of the beads is between 20 μm and 200 μm.
For example, the microbeads areModel SS19 microbeads sold by France. These microbeads are made of calcium sodium glass (soda glass) with an average diameter substantially equal to 40 μm.
The fluid carrying the beads is, for example, water or air.
For example, the fluid used is water in which the microbeads are mixed, and the mixture includes 25 vol% (volume fraction) of the microbeads.
The nozzle 60 includes an opening 62, and the pressurized fluid mixed with the beads is projected through the opening 62. The shape and size of the opening 62 may be adjusted based on the span of the surface to be treated and the desired uniformity of projection. The opening 62 is, for example, a circular opening having a diameter of between 5 and 12mm, in particular equal to 10 mm.
The pressure of the fluid mixed with microbeads at the outlet of the nozzle 60 is for example between 1 and 5bars (bar).
The support device 56 is capable of holding the magnetic member at a predetermined position opposite the opening 62 of the nozzle 60 during projection of the bead on the member. The support device 56 is also capable of modifying the position of the magnetic component with respect to the projection device 58, in particular the distance d between the component and the opening 62, and the direction of the component with respect to the jet from the opening, hereinafter referred to as the angle of attack α.
The distance d is for example between 100mm and 200 mm.
The angle of attack is for example equal to 90 deg., and the angle of incidence of the spray from the nozzle on the component is substantially equal to 90 deg.. The angle of attack may also be chosen to be less than 90 °, for example equal to 75 °.
The adjustment of the distance d and the angle a makes it possible to control the strain hardness obtained on the treated part.
The support means 56 for example comprises a magnet capable of exerting a magnetic force on the magnetic component to maintain the magnetic component in the correct position, the magnet being rotatable relative to the nozzle 60 to rotate the magnetic component relative to the nozzle 60.
The support device 56 thus makes it possible to clean one or more components by means of a spray from the nozzle 60.
For example, strip is made from an Fe — Ni alloy by hot rolling and subsequent cold rolling of an ingot, comprising 48% Ni, the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from the manufacturing.
The preformed blades and armatures are then manufactured by cutting the strip, bending to shape, and heat treating designed to impart the desired mechanical and magnetic properties to the strip.
An intermediate finishing is then performed on the first preformed armatures, followed by shot peening using the apparatus described with reference to fig. 2. At the end of the shot peening process, a finishing process is again applied to the armature to obtain a final armature.
Shot peening is also performed on the preformed armatures of the second batch using the apparatus described with reference to figure 2 without intermediate finishing. At the end of the shot peening process, a finishing process is applied to the armature to obtain the final armature.
Shot peening is also performed on a batch of pre-formed blades using the apparatus described with reference to figure 2 without intermediate finishing. At the end of the shot peening process, a finishing process is applied to the blade to obtain the final blade.
All shot peening treatments were done using the above-described SS19 type microbeads carried in water, the water-microbead mixture comprising 25 vol% microbeads.
The nozzle used has a circular opening 62 with a diameter equal to 10 mm. Further, the distance between the opening 62 of the nozzle 60 and the vane and the armature is set to 150 mm.
Each batch of armatures and vanes was divided into nine groups and each armature and vane in each group was treated using shot peening, with the angle of attack α, pressure P and exposure time T parameters as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 shot peening parameters applied to each group
The effect of the shot peening treatment on the hardness of the surface of the blade and armature was next measured.
For this purpose, the vickers hardnesses HV 0.025 and HV 0.01 of the vanes or armatures of each group were measured.
The roughness coefficient Ra of each grouping of armature and blade was also measured.
The measurements obtained, resulting from the average of the roughness, drop height and vickers hardness values measured on the five blades or armatures within each grouping, are provided in table 2.
Furthermore, the effect of the shot peening treatment on the electrical properties of the magnetic circuit formed by the treated blade and armature is determined. In particular, the impedance of a magnetic circuit according to the prior art formed by assembling a coated but not shot-peened blade and an armature is typically between 1.10 Ω (ohm) and 1.75 Ω. The magnetic circuit is thus formed by each group of blades and armatures, and the impedance of the magnetic circuit thus formed is measured, i.e. the impedance of the circuit through which the magnetic flux passes.
The impedance measurement of each loop is done on the basis of the components described with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, a force F is exerted on the blade 15 by means of weight. This force is designed to simulate the force exerted by the permanent magnet 11 when the differential relay 5 is in operation.
A first coil 70 comprising N1 turns is wound around one 19 of the branches of the armature 17 and a second coil 72 comprising N2 turns is wound around the other branch 20 of the armature 17.
The first coil 70 is connected to an AC current generator 74 and the second coil is connected to a voltmeter 76.
The generator 74 generates an AC current I in the first coil 70, the value of which is controlled using an ammeter 78.
The voltage V at the terminals of the second coil 74 is measured.
The impedance Z is then determined as the ratio of the voltage V to the current I.
In particular, the armature of each group of the first batch of groups is assembled with the uncoated and non-peened blades, with the chromium-coated and non-peened blades, and finally with the blades obtained using the method according to the invention, i.e. from the respective groups of the individual batches of blades.
The armatures from each of the groups of the second batch are also assembled with uncoated and non-peened blades, with chromium-coated and non-peened blades, and finally with blades obtained using the method according to the invention, i.e. uncoated but peened blades from the respective group of the individual batches of blades.
The following measurements were made: electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the armatures in each group with uncoated and non-peened blades, denoted Z pal. The electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the armatures in each group with the chromium-coated but non-peened blades, labeled as Z pal Cr; the electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the armature in each group and the corresponding group of blades according to the invention is marked as Z pal μ bill.
The measured impedances are provided in table 2.
Likewise, the vanes of each group of the batches are assembled without coated and shot-peened armatures, with armatures coated with chromium coatings and without shot-peening, and finally with armatures obtained using the method according to the invention, i.e. uncoated but shot-peened armatures of the corresponding group of the first batch of armatures.
The following measurements were made: the electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the blades in each group with the uncoated and non-peened armature, denoted Z arm. The electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the blades in each group with the chromium coated but non-peened armature, labeled as Z arm Cr; the electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the blades in each group with the armatures according to the invention from the corresponding group of the first group of armatures is marked as Z arm μ bill.
The measured impedance in ohms is provided in table 2.
It should be noted that the electrical impedance Z arm μ bil of the magnetic circuit formed by one group of blades and the corresponding group of armatures according to the invention from the first group of armatures is necessarily equal to the electrical impedance Z pal μ bil of the magnetic circuit formed by the first group of armatures and the corresponding group of blades according to the invention.
Table 2: impedance, hardness and roughness measurements
The results provided in table 2 show that the manufacturing method for the vanes and the armature according to the present invention, in particular, the step for shot peening the vanes and the armature, makes it possible to increase the surface hardness of these components in a satisfactory manner. In fact, regardless of whether the angle of attack is equal to 90 ° or 75 °, and regardless of the pressure of the flow projected at the outlet of the nozzle (between 1bar and 2.5 bar), the vickers hardnesses HV 0.25 and HV 0.01 are clearly higher than the initial hardness of the part (120HV) and also clearly higher than the hardness generally obtained by using a coating method (170 HV).
Furthermore, the reference coefficients of the blade and armature are also satisfactory, in particular greater than 0.03 μm. Thus, these results show that the surface strain hardening of the component makes it possible to perform satisfactory finishing of the component by removing material, while maintaining a high hardness of the surface.
It can also be seen that the electrical impedance of the magnetic circuit formed by the blade and armature manufactured using the method according to the invention has a satisfactory electrical impedance, between 1.10 Ω and 1.75 Ω. These satisfactory values can also be observed with circuits in which only one component is manufactured using the method according to the invention.
These results thus show that the shot peening step makes it possible to increase the hardness of the surface of these magnetic components without negatively affecting other characteristics, in particular the resistance of the magnetic circuit or the ability of those components to undergo an effective finishing treatment.
The contact surface of the magnetic component according to the invention thus has a satisfactory degree of wear resistance which is much greater than that of relays comprising a metallic coating of known type.
It must be understood, however, that the above-described exemplary embodiments are not limiting.
In particular, according to one alternative, only one blade or only one armature can be manufactured with the method according to the invention.
Claims (13)
1. A method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), the manufacturing method comprising a surface treatment step of shot peening at least a part of a surface of the magnetic component (15, 17), the shot peened surface treatment step comprising: projecting the pressurized microbeads onto said surface portion at an angle of attack between 75 ° and 90 ° from a distance d between 100mm and 200mm through a nozzle (60) having an opening (62) with a diameter between 5mm and 12mm,
the diameter of the microbeads is between 20 and 200 μm, the microbeads being projected onto the surface portion at a pressure between 1 and 5bar, the surface treatment of the shot peening causing the resulting surface strain hardening to penetrate 0.03 to 0.05mm on the surface portion.
2. Method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic component is an armature (17) or a blade (15) of a magnetic circuit (9).
3. A method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) according to claim 1, wherein the component is made of a Fe-Ni alloy comprising 46-49 wt% nickel, the remainder being iron and impurities resulting from the manufacturing.
4. A method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) according to claim 1, wherein the microbeads are glass, ceramic or steel microbeads.
5. The method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) according to claim 1, further comprising an intermediate surface finishing step for the magnetic component (15, 17) performed before the shot peening surface treatment step.
6. The method for manufacturing a magnetic component (15, 17) according to claim 1, further comprising a final surface finishing step for the magnetic component (15, 17) performed after the shot peening surface treatment step.
7. A manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, before said surface treatment step, a step for manufacturing a preformed magnetic component comprising a stage for cutting a strip obtained by hot rolling and subsequent cold rolling, said surface treatment step being carried out on said preformed magnetic component.
8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the step for manufacturing a preformed magnetic component further comprises, after the cutting stage, a stage for shaping the cut strip by bending.
9. A method for manufacturing a magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), the magnetic circuit (9) comprising two magnetic components (15, 17) forming an armature (17) and a blade (15), the method comprising:
-manufacturing the magnetic component (15, 17); and
assembling the magnetic components (15, 17) to form the magnetic circuit (9),
wherein the manufacturing of at least one of the magnetic components (15, 17) is done by using the method for manufacturing a magnetic component according to any of claims 1 to 8.
10. A magnetic component (15, 17) of a magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), characterized in that the magnetic component (15, 17) is obtained by a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
11. A magnetic component (15, 17) of a magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), characterized in that the magnetic component (15, 17) is obtained by a method for manufacturing a magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), the magnetic circuit (9) comprising two magnetic components (15, 17) forming an armature (17) and a blade (15), the method comprising:
-manufacturing the magnetic component (15, 17); and
assembling the magnetic components (15, 17) to form the magnetic circuit (9),
wherein the manufacturing of at least one of the magnetic components (15, 17) is done by using the method for manufacturing a magnetic component according to any of claims 1 to 8.
12. A magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), the magnetic circuit (9) comprising two magnetic components (15, 17) forming an armature (17) and a blade (15), characterized in that at least one of the magnetic components is a magnetic component according to claim 10.
13. A magnetic circuit (9) of a high-sensitivity differential relay (5), said magnetic circuit (9) comprising two magnetic components (15, 17) forming an armature (17) and a blade (15), characterized in that at least one of said magnetic components is a magnetic component according to claim 11.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1454187 | 2014-05-09 | ||
| FR1454187A FR3020895B1 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING MAGNETIC PIECES OF A DIFFERENTIAL RELAY COMPRISING SURFACE TREATMENT BY MICROBILING |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105097357A CN105097357A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN105097357B true CN105097357B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
Family
ID=50976965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510226841.9A Active CN105097357B (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2015-05-06 | Process for manufacturing a magnetic component of a differential relay with surface treatment by shot peening |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2942792B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105097357B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2634000T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3020895B1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1031000A (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-08 | 梅兰日兰公司 | High sensitive electromagnetic trip device and manufacture method thereof |
| CN201392704Y (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-01-27 | 韩伍林 | Moving-core abrasion-free double-push electromagnet |
| CN201886854U (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-06-29 | 宁波力和机电工业有限公司 | Magnetic body |
| CN102610354A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-25 | 北京中科三环高技术股份有限公司 | Processing method for corrosion-resistance rare-earth magnet and workpiece |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2765724B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-08-13 | Imphy Sa | SOFT MAGNETIC ALLOY OF FE-NI-CR-TI TYPE FOR MAGNETIC CIRCUIT OF A HIGH SENSITIVITY RELAY |
| SI23649B (en) * | 2011-02-04 | 2017-05-31 | Eti Elektroelement D.D. | Electromagnetic relay, in particular the relay switches for break the electric current at the onset of the electric differential current, and switch comprising such relay |
| US9243304B2 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2016-01-26 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Company Kg | Soft magnetic alloy and method for producing a soft magnetic alloy |
-
2014
- 2014-05-09 FR FR1454187A patent/FR3020895B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-04-17 EP EP15163999.4A patent/EP2942792B1/en active Active
- 2015-04-17 ES ES15163999.4T patent/ES2634000T3/en active Active
- 2015-05-06 CN CN201510226841.9A patent/CN105097357B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1031000A (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-08 | 梅兰日兰公司 | High sensitive electromagnetic trip device and manufacture method thereof |
| CN201392704Y (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-01-27 | 韩伍林 | Moving-core abrasion-free double-push electromagnet |
| CN201886854U (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-06-29 | 宁波力和机电工业有限公司 | Magnetic body |
| CN102610354A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-25 | 北京中科三环高技术股份有限公司 | Processing method for corrosion-resistance rare-earth magnet and workpiece |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2634000T3 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
| EP2942792B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
| EP2942792A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| FR3020895B1 (en) | 2016-06-24 |
| CN105097357A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| FR3020895A1 (en) | 2015-11-13 |
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