CN105096444B - A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method and circuit - Google Patents

A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method and circuit Download PDF

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CN105096444B
CN105096444B CN201410216739.6A CN201410216739A CN105096444B CN 105096444 B CN105096444 B CN 105096444B CN 201410216739 A CN201410216739 A CN 201410216739A CN 105096444 B CN105096444 B CN 105096444B
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data
image
banknote
image signal
pixel
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CN105096444A (en
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唐慧明
范飞军
黄河
郑克群
江帆
江一帆
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, a kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method are disclosed.Its method includes following process:Banknote image analog signal analog to digital conversion is obtained line by line obtains data image signal signal correction to the data image signal progress treated data image signal of processing output before or after correction process to digital signal processor progress banknote image detection and identification.The paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method of the present invention, accuracy of detection is not only effectively improved, processing speed is accelerated, reduces requirement to digital signal processor, and after being handled in association's process circuit banknote image and being embedded in additional data, banknote image signal is sent to digital signal processor again, digital signal processor is conducive to rapidly to obtain the image parameter informations such as boundary information, bank note breakage, Exposure mode, the workload of digital signal processor is reduced, paper money recognition speed is substantially increased.

Description

A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method and circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, more particularly to a kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing side Method and circuit.
Background technology
Various counterfeit moneys emerge in an endless stream in society, and with the raising of undesirable's false making technology, the fidelity of counterfeit money is increasingly Height, threat is constituted to financial security, social stability is have impact on.How to prevent counterfeit money from coming into the market to have become each big banking machine Structure and vast social common people's focus of attention.
Various countries' bank note has anti-counterfeiting design, there is different anti-counterfeiting characteristics under different illumination conditions.Therefore people can be with Artificial false distinguishing is carried out using these feature eye-observations, or by way of special imaging device observation.But artificial false distinguishing The false distinguishing of inapplicable high-volume bank note.The bank note money counter of early stage, cleaning-sorting machine are mainly by reading the magnetic anti-counterfeit feature of bank note False distinguishing is carried out, but the fraud means of criminal are also being improved, and the magnetic characteristic of some counterfeit moneys is good enough to pass for genuine, particularly pieces together Coin may have the magnetic anti-counterfeit feature of genuine note.With the development of science and technology, the method for imaging technique and image procossing is utilized It is a kind of effective means that the counterfeit money recognition capability of raising paper banknote identifier, which has become, e.g., can using infrared imagery technique Effectively realize the false distinguishing of covering entire paper coin.
But at present, the automatic paper money image analysis equipment based on graphical analysis often using PLD or Other association's process circuits and digital signal processor(DSP)The processing scheme being combined, association's process circuit is responsible for IMAQ, again Row and data communication, digital signal processor are responsible for image procossing.The problem of such technical scheme is, every width banknote image Valid pixel is more, and data volume is than larger, but system needs to have recognized image in a short period of time, and image processing algorithm It is more complicated, there is very high requirement to digital signal processor, but if reduction algorithm complex, then can reduce false distinguishing performance.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of data processing of paper banknote identifier IMAQ Method, can be using assisting process circuit to assist to carry out data processing, and by result together with view data using this method It is transmitted to digital signal processor(DSP);A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and the circuit of data processing are also proposed simultaneously, can be with Realize above-mentioned paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method.This method is handled data line by line, and processing is tied Fruit is corresponding with the row view data.Because these data processings are that entire image is carried out, processing can take a large amount of on DSP Processor resource, but association process circuit in handle very simple, it is not required that extra processing time.Therefore, this method The complexity of algorithm on DSP is drastically reduce the area, the utilization to assisting processing circuit processes result is also simplify, improves well DSP disposal ability, or reduce the requirement to DSP, that is, cost is reduced, its concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method, including following process,
a)Obtain banknote image analog signal line by line using line scan image sensor;
b)Analog to digital conversion is carried out to acquired banknote image analog signal and obtains data image signal;
c)Data image signal is corrected;
d)Data image signal before or after correction process is handled, including by current line image pixel by pixel with prestoring Normal data be compared, so as to obtain at least one of following:Carry out coin signal;Bank note overlay area beginning and end position; Bank note slit and transparent region position;
e)Output is by step c)And d)The data image signal of processing carries out banknote image inspection to digital signal processor Survey and recognize.
Further, described paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method, in addition to:
Using the result after handling data image signal as in additional data embedded images row, or will processing As a result as in additional data embedded images row after encoding.
Further, described paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method, in addition to:
Data image signal after correction is output to digital signal processor together with additional data and carries out banknote image Detection and identification.
Further, the data image signal to before or after correction process is handled, including statistics current line At least one of following data of image:Pixel sum, pixel average, the difference absolute value of front and rear pixel and, front and rear pixel Difference quadratic sum and forward view data difference quadratic sum.
Further, described paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method, in addition to by following data At least one is also served as in additional data embedded images row:Line number, frame number, Exposure mode.
Further, it is the head that additional data is placed in described image row in the embedded images row by additional data Portion or afterbody.
Another object of the present invention also resides in a kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ of offer and data processing circuit, including:
Imaging sensor, obtains banknote image analog signal and exports line by line;
Analog to digital conversion circuit, is converted into data image signal by banknote image analog signal and exports in the lump;
Process circuit is assisted, data image signal the output digital image signal two after image procossing, wherein institute in the lump is received Stating image procossing includes:Data image signal one is corrected line by line;And to the data image signal before or after correction process Data processing is carried out, including current line image pixel by pixel and the normal data that prestores are compared, so as to obtain at least as follows One of:Come coin signal, bank note overlay area beginning and end position, bank note slit and transparent region position;
Digital signal processor, receives the data image signal two of association's process circuit output, and carries out banknote image to it Detection and identifying processing.
Further, association's process circuit will be also embedded in the result after the data processing as additional data In image line, and the data image signal after correction is exported with additional data together as data image signal two.
Further, association's process circuit carries out data processing, bag to the data image signal before or after correction process Include at least one of following data of statistics current line image:Pixel sum, pixel average, the difference absolute value of front and rear pixel With, the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel and the difference quadratic sum of forward view data.
Further, association's process circuit is additionally operable to that additional data will be also served as including at least one of following data In embedded images row:Line number, frame number, Exposure mode;Association's process circuit will in additional data embedded images row, be will be additional Data are placed in head or the afterbody of described image row.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention is obtained has:(1)While high-quality banknote image is gathered, Detection comes coin signal, bank note overlay area beginning and end position and bank note slit and transparent region position in association's process circuit Put, can simply and effectively obtain the additional information of banknote image, be effectively improved accuracy of detection, accelerate processing speed, drop The low requirement to digital signal processor.(2)Banknote image is handled in association's process circuit and additional data is embedded in Afterwards, then by banknote image signal digital signal processor is sent to, is conducive to digital signal processor rapidly to obtain border letter The image parameter information such as breath, bank note breakage, Exposure mode, reduces the workload of digital signal processor, greatly improves Paper money recognition speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of one embodiment of IMAQ of the present invention and data processing method;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of another embodiment of IMAQ of the present invention and data processing method;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for the data image signal data that the embodiment of the present invention is output to digital signal processor;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of IMAQ of the embodiment of the present invention and data processing circuit.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 for one embodiment of IMAQ and data processing method in the present invention method flow diagram, it is including following Step:
Step S10:Obtain banknote image analog signal line by line using line scan image sensor.
When PLD or application specific integrated circuit control exposure, light source luminescent and the output of line scan image sensor The coherent signals such as clock.When obtaining banknote image line by line, the illumination mode of light source can change line by line, such as can be saturating using white light Penetrate, white light reflection, infrared transmission, infrared external reflection, ultraviolet reflectance, the illumination mode such as various reflection of monochromatic lights or transmission, it is each luminous The fluorescent lifetime of mode can also be preset.Line scan image sensor can be gathered exposes different banknote images line by line.
Step S20:Analog to digital conversion is carried out to acquired banknote image analog signal and obtains data image signal.
Step S30:Data image signal is corrected.
Digital correcting image signals are referred to carry out gray correction to the banknote image pixel collected.Due to uneven illumination The reason, the paper collected such as the luminous sensitivity of each sensitivity speck of even, line scan image sensor, dark current be inconsistent and non-linear Coin image has serious gray scale inconsistency, it is necessary to carry out gray correction, could obtain correct banknote image.Above-mentioned ash Degree correction refers to linearly or nonlinearly convert the banknote image gathered.Specifically to the mould of line scan image sensor Intend output valve, that is, the banknote image being acquired is corrected after analog to digital conversion, make it correctly to reflect that banknote image is believed Breath.Specific practice is the banknote image the being acquired sampling exported to line scan image sensor, quantify after, to its bright output and Dark output carries out linearly or nonlinearly conversion compensation.Simple to realize, the present embodiment uses linearity correction.
Meanwhile, if line scan image sensor output valve is made up of several sections of line scan image sensors, each section of linear array figure As sensor can be exported simultaneously, it is accomplished by resequencing to every row signal after being digitized into, that is, resets, can be write by control The address for entering or reading RAM is realized, obtains the banknote image information exported by banknote image pixel order.Processing is reset typically to exist Complete, can also be synchronously completed with correction process before correction process.
Step S40:Data image signal after corrected processing is handled.Described enters to data image signal Row processing, will the row image pixel by pixel and the normal data that prestores be compared, detect bank note covering relevant information in the row, Including:(1)Carry out coin signal;(2)Bank note overlay area beginning and end position;(3)Bank note slit and transparent region position.Its In, the normal data prestored refers to before imaging sensor collection banknote image, i.e., when being covered without bank note, gather and protect in advance The data line for the identical illumination mode deposited, such as white light transmittant, infrared transmission, white light reflection, infrared external reflection image data, can be with It is the background of system acquisition banknote image to think this data line.
By the way that current line image pixel by pixel and the normal data that prestores are compared, if a number of pixel is super Cross given threshold, then it is assumed that have and carry out coin signal, into bank note overlay area;The position for initially entering bank note overlay area is bank note Overlay area starting position, the position for finally leaving bank note overlay area is bank note overlay area end position;If being covered in bank note Non- bank note overlay area is detected between cover area beginning and end position, then the slit as bank note and transparent region position Put.
Therefore, by that often will be compared with normal data row image pixel by pixel, can just be detected according to difference coin signal, The position of bank note overlay area beginning and end and bank note slit and transparent region positional information.Detect and opened after carrying out coin signal Begin collection effective image.Bank note overlay area positional information, includes position and the bank note of bank note overlay area beginning and end Slit and transparent region positional information, it is direct or encoded after as being exported in additional data embedded images row at data signal Device is managed, digital signal processor receives data using video input interface.These data can not also be used in embedded images row Other interfaces are transferred to digital signal processor.For bank note slit(Or transparent region)The coding of positional information, can be used Potting gum mode is encoded, i.e., each pixel is represented without and with slit respectively with 0 and 1(Or transparent region), 8 potting gums With a byte code;Run- Length Coding compressed data can also be used.
Traditional two pairs of infrared tubes of use(Receive and launch to pipe)Detection carrys out coin signal method, when bank note has inclination Error is very big, substantially increases accuracy of detection come coin signal using the inventive method detection, also eliminates infrared tube.Tradition is logical Analysis piece image data are crossed, border therein and slit position is detected, because by shadow interference, precision is limited, have impact on Identification and false distinguishing processing, the signal gathered when the inventive method without bank note using with covering are compared to detection border and slit Position, substantially increases accuracy of detection.
It is above-mentioned that data image signal is handled, can also be right in addition to detecting and coming coin signal and bank note overlay area Often row image pixel carries out statistical disposition, for example, the difference of the pixel sum of the row data, pixel average, front and rear pixel is absolute Value and, the difference quadratic sum of the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel and forward data etc..The digit specified can be used(Such as 2 bytes)Protect Deposit a data.Special, because data bit width is limited, above statistics can give up low data, retain the height specified Position data.
Above-mentioned additional data, which may also include, comes coin signal, the position of bank note overlay area beginning and end, bank note slit With transparent region, the often statistical information and line number of row pixel, frame number, Exposure mode etc..Obtain after additional data, be embedded into In image line.Specifically, the width of increase image line, to accommodate the additional data, is placed on head or the afterbody of image line. The other positions of image line can certainly be placed on, but processing complexity can be increased.
In the above method, result is encoded, i.e., result data encoded, such as to slit data encoding, Various entropy coding methods, such as Run- Length Coding can be used, or simply using two-value data encapsulation, i.e., with a byte code 8 The pixel of binaryzation.
Step S50:Output image data carry out banknote image detection and identification to digital signal processor.
Data image signal after correction is output to digital signal processor together with additional data and carries out banknote image Detection and identification.
Transmitted after being handled in assisting process circuit banknote image and being embedded in additional data, then by banknote image signal To digital signal processor, digital signal processor is conducive to rapidly to obtain boundary information, bank note breakage, Exposure mode Deng image parameter information, the workload of digital signal processor is reduced, paper money recognition speed is substantially increased.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the view data that is exported together with additional data of data image signal after corrected in the present invention. The every byte of row 1536 of the view data wherein exported, per the byte of pixel 1(8), often row view data have 1440 pixels, deposit The 0th ~ 1439 byte location is placed on, wherein 48 ~ 1251 be the view data of bank note overlay area, other is without the bank note area of coverage The view data in domain;1440 ~ 1535 positions are additional data, totally 96 additional data positions.The left margin of bank note is 48, the right Boundary is 1251.Specifically, additional data includes line number, frame number, Exposure mode, the beginning and end position of bank note overlay area successively Put, slit(And transparent region)The statistical information such as position data and pixel average.Usually, as long as infrared or white light perspective row Detect slit position(Transparent region), row is as detected, other rows need not be detected, as non-detection row, then these non-detections Capable corresponding slit position data region can be used for the last slit position data detected of storage, so as to reduce in detection row Deposit the byte number of slit position data.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the method flow diagram of another embodiment of IMAQ and data processing method in the present invention, at this In embodiment, the detection in the step S40 in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is simply carried out into coin signal and bank note overlay area is handled, bag Include and come coin signal, bank note overlay area beginning and end position, bank note slit and transparent region position including detecting, be placed on S30 Before processing execution is corrected to data image signal.Coin signal and bank note overlay area will be come to data image signal detection The step of processing obtains additional data is placed on before aligning step.Data image signal is carried out the processing can before correction or After correction.It is 8 bit image data after correction, then by current line image pixel by pixel for example, being 10 raw image datas before correction 10 initial data before correction process can be used by being compared with the normal data that prestores, can also use 8 after correction process Bit image data are handled.But to row in image pixel value carry out statistical disposition, such as gone in pixel sum, should also be right Data image signal is corrected after processing and performed.
If line scan image sensor output valve is made up of several sections of line scan image sensors, each section of linear array images sensing Device is exported simultaneously, is accomplished by entering every row signal rearrangement processing after being digitized into, rearrangement processing is other preferably after analog to digital conversion Completed before Digital Signal Processing.
In the above method, banknote image detection with identification can use existing image-recognizing method, realize bank note currency type, Face amount, recognize towards sequence number etc., and bank note defect detection, counterfeit money identification etc..Such as use Gray-scale Matching and characteristic matching Etc. the method for images match.Wherein Gray-scale Matching judges the similarity degree between image using Error Absolute Value sum;It is special Matching is levied using textural characteristics, shape facility etc., or similarity mode is carried out using angle point, marginal point.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention IMAQ and data processing circuit.Include as follows Main circuit blocks:For obtaining the line scan image sensor 301 of banknote image, the analog-to-digital conversion electricity for analog-to-digital conversion line by line Road 302, for data image signal correct and data processing association process circuit 303, for banknote image detect with recognize Digital signal processor 304.
Wherein line scan image sensor can use CIS(Contact Image Sensor, contact-type image sensor)Pass Sensor, CCD(Charge-Coupled Device, charge coupled cell)Sensor or CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor)Sensor.CIS sensors are selected in the present embodiment.It is logical Line scan image sensor is crossed, banknote image analog signal is obtained line by line.
Analog to digital conversion circuit can use one or more high-speed ADCs(Analog to Digital Converter, simulation Digital quantizer)Realize, ADC quantity is determined by the number of channels that the segments of line scan image sensor is analog signal output It is fixed.By analog to digital conversion circuit, each road analog picture signal that line scan image sensor is exported is converted into data image signal. When embedding analog to digital conversion circuit in line scan image sensor, the direct output digital image signal of line scan image sensor, the i.e. mould Number change-over circuit is incorporated to line scan image sensor module;When in line scan image sensor without embedded analog to digital conversion circuit, linear array Imaging sensor exports analog picture signal;Analog to digital conversion circuit output digital image signal is to PLD.
It can be PLD to assist process circuit, can select FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Arrays, field programmable gate array)Or CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device, complex programmable Logical device), such as Spartan3 Series FPGAs.Process circuit is assisted to reset, correct and data processing to data image signal, and will Result is exported as in additional data embedded images row with view data.Association's process circuit can be realized equally The application specific integrated circuit of function(ASIC).Process circuit is assisted to realize following partly or entirely function:By nominated bank's image pixel by pixel It is compared with the normal data that prestores, detection carrys out coin signal, detects the bank note overlay area beginning and end position in the row, The bank note slit in the row and transparent region position are detected, image line afterbody or head are spliced to as additional data after being encoded Portion;Calculate line by line pixel sum, pixel average, the difference absolute value of front and rear pixel and, the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel, with moving ahead The difference quadratic sum of data, by these data, and the data such as line number, frame number, Exposure mode are spliced to image line afterbody or head. Association's process circuit, which is detected, to be come after coin signal to start to gather effective image data.Therefore, described additional data includes following number According to middle one or several kinds:Bank note overlay area beginning and end position, bank note slit and transparent region position, row in pixel it With, the difference absolute value of pixel average, front and rear pixel and, the difference quadratic sums of the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel and forward data, OK Number, frame number, Exposure mode etc..
Digital signal processor can use general digital signal processor DSP(Digital Signal Processing, digital signal processor), it would however also be possible to employ for the DSP of Computer Vision, such as TI companies Davinci Series, the Blackfin series of ADI companies.Digital signal processor can also use other embeded processors, such as x86, The series processors such as ARM, MIPS.Digital signal processor has at least one video input interface, for receiving association's processing electricity Data image signal and its additional data after the rearrangement and correction of road output, and identification, the false distinguishing etc. that bank note is carried out to it Reason.Digital signal processor will also realize the control to ADC and CIS sensors, for example, by SPI or IIC interfaces to ADC and CIS sensors are controlled, and when SPI the or IIC interfaces of digital signal processor are insufficient, can pass through PLD It is extended.The data image signal processing of the present embodiment also includes bank note Boundary Extraction, and currency type, face amount, towards identification are based on The false distinguishing of image, knuckle, slit detection, defect detection, scribble detection is new and old to differentiate, sequence number identification etc. processing.
Finally it should be noted that:Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill Personnel can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the appended claims, not make the essence disengaging of appropriate technical solution The spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method, it is characterised in that including following process,
A) banknote image analog signal is obtained using line scan image sensor line by line;
B) analog to digital conversion is carried out to acquired banknote image analog signal and obtains data image signal;
C) data image signal is corrected;
D) data image signal before or after correction process is handled, including by current line image pixel by pixel and the mark that prestores Quasi- data are compared, so as to obtain at least one of following:Carry out coin signal;Bank note overlay area beginning and end position;Bank note Slit and transparent region position;
E) output by step c) and d) processing data image signal to digital signal processor carry out banknote image detection with Identification;Also include:
F) using the result after handling data image signal as in additional data embedded images row, or will processing knot As in additional data embedded images row after fruit coding.
2. paper banknote identifier IMAQ according to claim 1 and data processing method, it is characterised in that also include:
Data image signal after correction is output to digital signal processor together with additional data and carries out banknote image detection And identification.
3. paper banknote identifier IMAQ according to claim 2 and data processing method, it is characterised in that described pair Data image signal before or after correction process is handled, including at least one in the following data of statistics current line image Kind:Pixel sum, pixel average, the difference absolute value of front and rear pixel and, the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel, with forward view data Difference quadratic sum.
4. according to any described paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method in claim 2-3, it is characterised in that Also include also serving as at least one of following data in additional data embedded images row:Line number, frame number, Exposure mode.
5. paper banknote identifier IMAQ according to claim 4 and data processing method, it is characterised in that described general It is head or the afterbody that additional data is placed in described image row in additional data embedded images row.
6. a kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing circuit, it is characterised in that including:
Imaging sensor, obtains banknote image analog signal and exports line by line;
Analog to digital conversion circuit, is converted into data image signal by banknote image analog signal and exports in the lump;
Process circuit is assisted, the data image signal output digital image signal two after image procossing in the lump is received, wherein the figure As processing includes:Data image signal one is corrected line by line;And the data image signal before or after correction process is carried out Data processing, including current line image pixel by pixel and the normal data that prestores are compared, so as to obtain at least one of following: Come coin signal, bank note overlay area beginning and end position, bank note slit and transparent region position;Will also be to the data processing Result afterwards acts as the data image signal after correction with additional data one as in additional data embedded images row Exported for data image signal two;
Digital signal processor, receives the data image signal two of association's process circuit output, and carries out banknote image detection to it And identifying processing.
7. paper banknote identifier IMAQ according to claim 6 and data processing circuit, it is characterised in that at the association Manage circuit and data processing is carried out to the data image signal before or after correction process, include the following data of statistics current line image At least one of:Pixel sum, pixel average, the difference absolute value of front and rear pixel and, the difference quadratic sum of front and rear pixel, with before The difference quadratic sum of row view data.
8. paper banknote identifier IMAQ according to claim 7 and data processing circuit, it is characterised in that at the association Reason circuit is additionally operable to also serve as in additional data embedded images row including at least one of following data:Line number, frame number, exposure Light mode;Association's process circuit is the head that additional data is placed in described image row by additional data embedded images row Or afterbody.
CN201410216739.6A 2014-05-22 2014-05-22 A kind of paper banknote identifier IMAQ and data processing method and circuit Expired - Fee Related CN105096444B (en)

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