CN105095539B - Include the steam power system optimization method and system of steam straight tube - Google Patents
Include the steam power system optimization method and system of steam straight tube Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of operation optimization method and system of the steam power system of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour, wherein this method comprises: determining performance indicator, the pipe parameter of steam straight tube and the technological parameter of steam power system for each equipment that steam power system is included；Establish the nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system；Analog approach is carried out to the steam power system nonlinear model of foundation；To the specification of variables value range considered in optimization calculating；The objective function that setting optimization calculates；To the nonlinear mathematical model Optimization Solution of primary steam dynamical system, i.e., flow direction in searching vapour system, flow, pressure and temperature variable Optimum Operation operating value so that total system energy consumption efficiency highest；Judge whether optimum results meet the optimization aim of steam power system；If optimum results meet the optimization aim of steam power system, completes optimization and calculate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steam power fields, produce and use in particular to a kind of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device
The operation optimization method and system of the steam power system of vapour.
Background technique
Steam power system is the important component in large-size chemical or petrochemical complex device, and task is to mistake
The public works such as power, electric power, thermal energy required for journey system provides, design level, operation and the control of steam power system
Performance has a major impact the energy utilization efficiency and economic performance of process industrial.
The fixed system parameter optimization of steam power system flowage structure, main includes the optimization of existing system operating condition
To the design parameter of a certain organization plan and the optimization of operating condition with new system design or when the old system reform.Currently, being directed to
This kind of steam power system operation parameter optimization, there are mainly two types of the methods for establishing Related Mathematical Models: first is that simplifying steam pipe
Pessimistic concurrency control, the operating pressure and operation temperature of fixed steam pipe network are definite value, do not consider pressure drop present in steam pipe network and heat
Damage, and the variable in emphasis optimization power station model.Obviously, this does not meet reality, because flow in steam pipe network must for steam
So exist heat dissipation and crushing, will lead to the reduction of vapor (steam) temperature and pressure, thus make each point in pipe network vapor (steam) temperature and
Pressure changes.Usually farther out, the temperature drop of steam and pressure drop are relatively more aobvious for the distance of vapor transmission in process industry
It writes, if not considering this variation in mathematical model, large error will be generated with actual operating data.Second is that simplifying power
It stands model, power station model is only pressed to the model treatment of steam generating equipment, do not consider that its makees the regulation of steam power system
With, and each node flow, temperature and pressure in emphasis simulation steam pipe network, calculate the pressure drop and heat waste of each steam pipeline section.Equally,
So also can with actually have large error because the flow of steam, temperature and pressure are the variables that can regulate and control in power station,
This necessarily affects the traffic load distribution of each node in steam pipe network and temperature and pressure.The above both methods, does not have
There is the mathematical model of integrated power station, steam pipe network system and process unit steam inside system, although simple to a certain extent
Calculating is changed, but simulation and optimum results and real data, there are relatively large deviation, the guidance for optimizing steam power system is anticipated
Justice reduces.
How to realize inside the power stations such as steam pipe network model and boiler, steam turbine generator device model and process unit
The integrated optimization of vapour system, to solve the associated bottleneck of steam power system operation parameter optimization, proposition more meets reality
The optimization method of limitation is operated, is the research direction place of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of operation optimization of the steam power system of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour
Method and system, to overcome the problems, such as it is existing in the prior art at least one.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the steam of a kind of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour
The operation optimization method of dynamical system, comprising the following steps:
S1, determine the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment needed for steam power system, the pipe parameter of steam straight tube and
The technological parameter of the steam power system；
S2, according to the energy conservation equation of the steam power system, the steam power system mass-conservation equation,
Steam flow equation in the steam straight tube, the energy conservation equation of each equipment, each equipment mass-conservation equation,
Two heat waste equations and two flowed in the mass flow limitation equation, the steam straight tube of two flow directions in the steam straight tube
The technological parameter of the performance characteristic parameter and the steam power system of the pressure drop equation of a flow direction and each equipment is established
The nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model include double fluid to steam straight tube mathematical modulo
Type and power station and device produce steam-using system model；
S3 carries out analog approach to the nonlinear mathematical model, obtains simulation trial result, wherein the simulation trial
It as a result include the performance characteristic parameter of all devices in the steam power system；
S4 sets the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and the setting nonlinear mathematics
The optimization object function of model, wherein flowed in the nonlinear mathematical model steam load distribution of stock and equipment key node,
Pressure and temperature value is variable, is changed in specified numberical range；
S5, using the simulation trial result as the initial feasible solution of nonlinear mathematical model optimization operation, in institute
State the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of optimized variable；
S6 optimizes operation according to the decreasing gradient, finds out the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new
Decreasing gradient value；
S7, judges whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, then executes if it is less than the given threshold
Step S8；Otherwise return step S6, and continue to optimize operation using the new feasible solution and new decreasing gradient value；
Whether S8, the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value that judgement is less than the given threshold make the optimization aim letter
Several values reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, using corresponding feasible solution as the steam
The operating parameter of dynamical system.
Optionally, the above method is further comprising the steps of:
If the judging result in step S8 is that the value of the optimization object function cannot be made in the optimized variable
Reach minimum in value range, then return step S4 adjusts the value range of the optimized variable, re-starts optimization operation.
Optionally, the pressure drop equation that each straight pipe two are flowed to are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pipeline pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is
Coefficient of pipe friction；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；u1,
U2 is that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed in pipeline section.
Optionally, the heat waste equation that each straight pipe two are flowed to are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of possible flow directions in pipeline section
Heat waste amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipe
Road ambient air temperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, F1, F2
Flowing to the left for steam in pipeline section and flowing two kinds to the right and may flow to is steam mass flow.
Optionally, the mass flow of each straight pipe two flow directions limits equation are as follows:
F1F2=0
Wherein, F1, F2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in pipeline section.
Optionally, the optimization object function are as follows:
TOC=TPC+TFC+TSC, and objective function is made to reach minimum in the value range of optimized variable, wherein TOC
For year operating cost, TPC is year electricity cost, and TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses；
Or are as follows:
TC=TCC+TPC+TFC+TSC, wherein TC is annual total cost, and TCC is year investment cost, and TPC is year energy charge
With TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the steam of a kind of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour
The operation optimization system of dynamical system, comprising:
Performance parameter module, for determining performance characteristic parameter, the steam straight tube of each equipment needed for steam power system
Pipe parameter and the steam power system technological parameter；
Modeling module, for the matter according to the energy conservation equation of the steam power system, the steam power system
Measure conservation equation, steam flow equation in the steam straight tube, the energy conservation equation of each equipment, each equipment matter
Measure conservation equation, two flow directions in the mass flows limitation equation, the steam straight tube of two flow directions in the steam straight tube
The performance characteristic parameter and the steam power system of heat waste equation and two pressure drop equations flowed to and each equipment
Technological parameter establishes the nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model include double fluid to steaming
Vapour straight tube mathematical model and power station and device produce steam-using system model；
Analog approach module, for the nonlinear mathematical model carry out analog approach, obtain simulation trial as a result, its
In, which includes the performance characteristic parameter of all devices in the steam power system；
Optimal setting module, for setting the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and setting
The optimization object function of the nonlinear mathematical model, wherein flowing stock and equipment key node in the nonlinear mathematical model
Steam load distribution, pressure and temperature value are variable, are changed in specified numberical range；
Optimization Solution module, for using the simulation trial result as the first of nonlinear mathematical model optimization operation
Beginning feasible solution, the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of the optimized variable, and according to the decreasing gradient
Operation is optimized, the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new decreasing gradient value are found out；
Grads threshold judgment module, for judging whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, if it is less than
The given threshold then judges that execution module executes；Otherwise the new feasible solution and new is utilized by the Optimization Solution module
Decreasing gradient value continues to optimize operation；
Execution module is judged, for judging whether the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value less than the given threshold makes
The value of the optimization object function reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, by corresponding feasible
Solve the operating parameter as the steam power system.
Optionally, described to judge that execution module is also used to when judging result is the value that make the optimization object function
When reaching minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, then taking for the optimized variable is adjusted by the optimal setting module
It is worth range, re-starts optimization operation.
Optionally, the pressure drop equation that each straight pipe two are flowed to are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pipeline pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is
Coefficient of pipe friction；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；u1,
U2 is that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed in pipeline section.
Optionally, the heat waste equation that each straight pipe two are flowed to are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of possible flow directions in pipeline section
Heat waste amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipe
Road ambient air temperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, F1, F2
Flow and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed to the left for steam in pipeline section.
Optionally, the mass flow of each straight pipe two flow directions limits equation are as follows:
F1F2=0
Wherein, F1, F2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in pipeline section.
Optionally, the optimization object function are as follows:
TOC=TPC+TFC+TSC, and objective function is made to reach minimum in the value range of optimized variable, wherein TOC
For year operating cost, TPC is year electricity cost, and TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses；
Or are as follows:
TC=TCC+TPC+TFC+TSC, wherein TC is annual total cost, and TCC is year investment cost, and TPC is year energy charge
With TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses.
The present invention realizes the operation optimization meter of the steam power system of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour
It calculates, operation parameter optimization is carried out to system under the premise of not changing system structure process, reduces the energy consumption and operation of system
Cost.In addition, the simulation trial by model provides one group of feasible solution, as the initial solution of optimization operation, and according to described first
The decreasing gradient of beginning solution calculation optimization operation makes to optimize the optimal solution that model is searched in operation along gradient direction, improves optimization and transport
The reliability and computational efficiency of calculation.
Compared with prior art, method of the invention can realize collection with power station and device vapour system to steam straight tube
At simulation and optimization, it is contemplated that the directionality of steam flowing more accurately describes pipe network different location in actual production process
Production vaporous state.This optimization method, to the description accuracy of complex network problem, and is adopted also in relation with non-linear modeling method
With reasonable optimization algorithm, steam power system mathematical model and Optimization Solution can be quickly and accurately established.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the integrated steam straight tube, power station and device of one embodiment of the invention produce the steam power system for using vapour
Operation optimization method flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is the steam power system schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that the integrated steam straight tube, power station and device of one embodiment of the invention produce the steam power system for using vapour
Operation optimization method flow diagram；As shown, the operation optimization method the following steps are included:
S1, determine the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment needed for steam power system, the pipe parameter of steam straight tube and
The technological parameter of the steam power system；
Wherein equipment performance characteristic parameter includes the operation ginseng of the operating load of equipment, the operational efficiency of equipment and equipment
Number.Steam power system technological parameter includes operating time in year, systematic electricity demand, fuel data, working condition and system tail
Gas discharge.
S2, according to steam flow equation in the energy conservation equation of the steam power system, the steam straight tube, described
The conservation of mass side with energy conservation equation, each equipment of the mass-conservation equation of steam power system, each equipment
In journey, the steam straight tube two flow direction mass flow limitation equations, the steam straight tube two flow direction heat waste equations and
Two pressure drop equations flowed to and the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment and the technological parameter of the steam power system are built
The nonlinear mathematical model of vertical steam power system, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model include double fluid to steam straight tube mathematics
Model and power station and device produce steam-using system model；
The basic content of the nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system includes: each unit in steam power system
Material balance and energy balance, the mobility status of steam in steam straight tube, system total quality balance and energy balance, system
Physical condition or design code constraint, steam thermodynamic behaviour, and indicate the constraint condition etc. of all kinds of parameter value ranges.
The modeling method being directed to is the nonlinear mathematical model for establishing primary steam dynamical system, and main includes steaming
The material balance and energy balance of each unit in steam-operating Force system, system total quality balance and energy balance, system
Physical condition or design code constraint, steam thermodynamic behaviour, and indicate all kinds of parameter value ranges.Wherein, for steaming
Vapour straight tube model will establish above-mentioned equation as unit using each independent pipeline section on straight tube.Set the stream of each pipeline section in straight tube
To, flow, pressure, temperature be variable, be capable of handling the modeling of Large steam straight tube, using length of pipe section, pipe thickness and
These parameters of thermal insulation material establish temperature drop equation and pressure drop equation in steam straight tube, when calculating steam flows in each pipeline section
Temperature drop and pressure drop, while judging the flow direction of steam in pipeline section.Wherein, temperature drop equation and heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer temperature difference, pipe
Wall thickness and steam flow are associated, and pressure drop equation is also related to steam flow rate, length of pipe section, pipeline section diameter and vapour density
Connection.
Meanwhile vapor delivery system is included in steam power system optimization, the detailed model of steam straight tube is developed, calculates and steams
The vapour straight tube pressure loss everywhere and thermal loss consider structure, the phase of each process units of steam straight tube under actual condition
To position and influence of the operating parameter to entire steam power system everywhere, and judge each pipeline section steam flowing in steam straight tube
Directionality, reflect steam straight tube actual operating state.Meanwhile stock and equipment (including steam straight tube) key node will be flowed
Steam load distribution, pressure and temperature are used as variable to carry out modeling processing, and steam power system model is embodied
Temperature, pressure change situation in actual industrial system.Since to temperature, pressure, as variable processing, then the thermodynamics of steam is special
Property must be included in model, therefore entire model has very strong nonlinear characteristic.
Being worth noting is, steam flow defines two flow directions in left and right in pipeline in this method, and each direction takes
Being worth range is [0, FMax], and FMax is passable maximum stream flow in the pipeline section.Staying in two flow directions is set in model equation
Must finally have one is 0, is calculated by optimization, and as a result the flow directions of left and right two, which can only retain one and flow to, flow, this
Sample allows for this method and optimization scope is included in flow direction in steam straight tube pipeline section.
The method for establishing the nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system mainly includes the material balance of each unit
The constraint of (i.e. the conservation of mass) and energy balance (i.e. the conservation of energy), property relationship and the design code constraint of system, steam heating power
Parameter calculates tie-in equation, and indicates the bound constrained of all kinds of parameter value ranges.
The pressure drop equation of each straight pipe two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pipeline pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is
Coefficient of pipe friction；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；u1,
U2 is that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed in pipeline section.
The heat waste equation of each straight pipe two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of possible flow directions in pipeline section
Heat waste amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipe
Road ambient air temperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, F1, F2
Flow and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed to the left for steam in pipeline section.
The mass flow of each straight pipe two flow directions limits equation are as follows:
F1F2=0
Wherein, F1, F2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in pipeline section.
S3 carries out analog approach to the nonlinear mathematical model, obtains simulation trial result, wherein the simulation trial
It as a result include the performance characteristic parameter of all devices in the steam power system；
S4 sets the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and the setting nonlinear mathematics
The optimization object function of model, wherein flowed in the nonlinear mathematical model steam load distribution of stock and equipment key node,
Pressure and temperature value is variable, is changed in specified numberical range.It is different from general operation optimization method, we
Steam flow defines two flow directions in left and right in pipeline in method, and the value range in each direction is [0, FMax], and FMax is
Passable maximum stream flow in the pipeline section.It is 0 that having stayed finally in two flow directions is arranged in model equation one, is passed through
Optimization calculates, and as a result the flow direction of left and right two, which can only retain in a flow direction, flow, allows for this method in this way for steam straight tube
Optimization scope is included in flow direction in pipeline section；
The optimization object function are as follows:
TOC=TPC+TFC+TSC, and objective function is made to reach minimum in the value range of optimized variable, wherein TOC
For year operating cost, TPC is year electricity cost, and TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses；
Or are as follows:
TC=TCC+TPC+TFC+TSC, wherein TC is annual total cost, and TCC is year investment cost, and TPC is year energy charge
With TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses.
S5, using the simulation trial result as the initial feasible solution of nonlinear mathematical model optimization operation, in institute
State the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of optimized variable；
S6 optimizes operation according to the decreasing gradient, finds out the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new
Decreasing gradient value；
S7, judges whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, then executes if it is less than the given threshold
Step S8；Otherwise return step S6, and continue to optimize operation using the new feasible solution and new decreasing gradient value；
Whether S8, the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value that judgement is less than the given threshold make the optimization aim letter
Several values reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, using corresponding feasible solution as the steam
The operating parameter of dynamical system；If it is judged that for the value of the optimization object function cannot be made in the optimized variable
Reach minimum in value range, then return step S4 adjusts the value range of the optimized variable, re-starts optimization operation.
Above example implements the operation of the steam power system of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour is excellent
Change calculate, under the premise of not changing system structure process to system carry out operation parameter optimization, reduce system energy consumption and
Operating cost.In addition, the simulation trial by model provides one group of feasible solution, as the initial solution of optimization operation, and according to institute
The decreasing gradient for stating initial solution calculation optimization operation makes to optimize the optimal solution that model is searched in operation along gradient direction, improve excellent
Change the reliability and computational efficiency of operation.
Compared with prior art, method of the invention can realize collection with power station and device vapour system to steam straight tube
At simulation and optimization, it is contemplated that the directionality of steam flowing more accurately describes pipe network different location in actual production process
Production vaporous state.This optimization method, to the description accuracy of complex network problem, and is adopted also in relation with non-linear modeling method
With reasonable optimization algorithm, steam power system mathematical model and Optimization Solution can be quickly and accurately established.
In addition, applicant has developed corresponding optimization software i-Steam, model above building method and optimization are incorporated
Method for solving, so that the operation optimization calculation automation of steam power system, and ensure that calculating accurately and quickly, reduces
The experience of technical staff relies on.
It is illustrated below in conjunction with operation optimization method of the real case to steam power system of the present invention.
Case background:
It with the power station of little refinery plant, is made of two boilers, is responsible for downstream device and appointing for 35bar steam is provided
Business, downstream steam plant include a steam turbine and two steam heaters.The energy requirement of plant area is shown in Table 1:
Table 1
| Turbine work requirement | [kW] | 5000 |
| 1# steam heater load | [kW] | 30000 |
| 2# steam heater load | [kW] | 60000 |
The environmental condition of plant area is shown in Table 2:
Table 2
| Atmospheric pressure | [bar] | 1 |
| Atmospheric temperature | [C] | 20 |
| Operating time in year | [hours] | 8000 |
| Boiler feed water temperature | [C] | 150 |
| Demineralized water price | [$/t] | 5 |
| Input electricity price lattice | [$/(kWh)] | 1 |
| Fuel | [-] | Mark coal |
| Plant area's electricity needs | [kW] | 10000 |
Realization process of the background case in i-Steam is as follows:
1, it establishes and solves primary steam dynamical system nonlinear model
2, an operation interface is created, it is non-to build steam power system according to basic flowsheet of coal preparation and Preliminary design data
Linear model inputs analog parameter, sees Fig. 2.
In Fig. 2, the point of admission of steam straight tube and vapour point shares 5 out.1# and 2# boiler conveys 35bar into pipe network respectively
Steam, point of admission are node 2 and node 4 on this steam pipe network respectively, and 1# heater, pressure and temperature reducing, steam turbine and
2# heater is node 1 on this steam pipe network, node 2, node 3 and node 5 respectively with vapour point.It is between every two node
Corresponding pipeline section is pipeline section 1 between node 1 and node 2, is between node 2 and node 3 according to collating sequence from left to right
Pipeline section 2, and so on, it further include pipeline section 3 and pipeline section 4.
The efficiency of 1# boiler is that the efficiency of 95%, 2# boiler is 90%, is coal-burning boiler.
The workload demand of 1# steam heater is 30MW, and the workload demand of 2# steam heater is 60MW, steam turbine
Power demand is 5MW.
Nonlinear model simulation is carried out using i-Steam software to calculate, and ensures to simulate successfully.Main analog the results are shown in Table
3, other associated analog results can also check in destination file.
Table 3
3, the value range of optimized variable sets value range to optimized variable in need of consideration in optimization calculating.It is shown in Table
4:
Table 4
4, objective function is determined
According to the optimization aim that optimization calculates, objective function is determined.It is main to consider that boiler is meeting steam supply need in present case
Under the premise of asking, the operating cost of the system how is reduced.Therefore, objective function be chosen to be the system year operating cost most
It is small.
5, design optimization calculates
After the above step is finished, iSteam software can be automatically whole by nonlinear model analog result obtained in 4.2.1
The optimized variable value range for closing setting, using most off year operating cost as objective function, being solved using GRG algorithm Automatic Optimal should
Model, solving result are the optimal operational parameters met under the conditions of power demands.
6, analog result and optimum results compare
The optimum results of Fig. 2 steam power system model and original analog result are compared, optimization front and back behaviour is compared
Make the variation of condition and the variation of economic benefit, is shown in Table 5.
Table 5
It is compared about the optimum results of steam pipe network and original analog result, comparing result is shown in Table 6:
Table 6
Comparison finds that in optimum results, boiler duty and pressure of steaming, the inlet pressure of steam turbine and flow are all sent out
Variation is given birth to, while operating cost, fuel cost and demineralized water expense have decline compared with analog result, energy-saving benefit is bright
It is aobvious.
It is dynamic that the following are the steam of integrated steam straight tube corresponding to the above method embodiment, power station and device production vapour
The operation optimization system of Force system, comprising:
Performance parameter module, for determining performance characteristic parameter, the steam straight tube of each equipment needed for steam power system
Pipe parameter and the steam power system technological parameter；
Modeling module, for energy conservation equation, the steam according to the steam power system with direction vector
Steam flow equation, the energy conservation equation of each equipment, institute in the mass-conservation equation of dynamical system, the steam straight tube
State mass-conservation equation, the heat waste equation in steam straight tube and the pressure drop equation with direction vector of each equipment and described
The performance characteristic parameter of each equipment and the technological parameter of the steam power system establish the nonlinear mathematics of steam power system
Model, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model includes that the steam straight tube mathematical model with direction vector and power station and device produce
Steam-using system model；
Analog approach module, for the nonlinear mathematical model carry out analog approach, obtain simulation trial as a result, its
In, which includes the performance characteristic parameter of all devices in the steam power system；
Optimal setting module, for setting the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and setting
The optimization object function of the nonlinear mathematical model, wherein flowing stock and equipment key node in the nonlinear mathematical model
Steam load distribution, pressure and temperature value are variable, are changed in specified numberical range；
Optimization Solution module, for using the simulation trial result as the first of nonlinear mathematical model optimization operation
Beginning feasible solution, the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of the optimized variable, and according to the decreasing gradient
Operation is optimized, the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new decreasing gradient value are found out；
Grads threshold judgment module, for judging whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, if it is less than
The given threshold then judges that execution module executes；Otherwise the new feasible solution and new is utilized by the Optimization Solution module
Decreasing gradient value continues to optimize operation；
Execution module is judged, for judging whether the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value less than the given threshold makes
The value of the optimization object function reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, by corresponding feasible
Solve the operating parameter as the steam power system.
Optionally, described to judge that execution module is also used to when judging result is the value that make the optimization object function
When reaching minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, then taking for the optimized variable is adjusted by the optimal setting module
It is worth range, re-starts optimization operation.
Optionally, the pressure drop equation of each pipeline section two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pipeline pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is
Coefficient of pipe friction；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；u1,
U2 is that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed in pipeline section.
Optionally, the heat waste equation of each pipeline section two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of possible flow directions in pipeline section
Heat waste amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipe
Road ambient air temperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, F1, F2
Flow and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed to the left for steam in pipeline section.
Optionally, the optimization object function are as follows:
TOC=TPC+TFC+TSC, and objective function is made to reach minimum in the value range of optimized variable, wherein TOC
For year operating cost, TPC is year electricity cost, and TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses；
Or are as follows:
TC=TCC+TPC+TFC+TSC, wherein TC is annual total cost, and TCC is year investment cost, and TPC is year energy charge
With TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses.
Above example implements the operation of the steam power system of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device production vapour is excellent
Change calculate, under the premise of not changing system structure process to system carry out operation parameter optimization, reduce system energy consumption and
Operating cost.In addition, the simulation trial by model provides one group of feasible solution, as the initial solution of optimization operation, and according to institute
The decreasing gradient for stating initial solution calculation optimization operation makes to optimize the optimal solution that model is searched in operation along gradient direction, improve excellent
Change the reliability and computational efficiency of operation.
Compared with prior art, method of the invention can realize collection with power station and device vapour system to steam straight tube
At simulation and optimization, it is contemplated that the directionality of steam flowing more accurately describes pipe network different location in actual production process
Production vaporous state.This optimization method, to the description accuracy of complex network problem, and is adopted also in relation with non-linear modeling method
With reasonable optimization algorithm, steam power system mathematical model and Optimization Solution can be quickly and accurately established.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: attached drawing is the schematic diagram of one embodiment, module in attached drawing or
Process is not necessarily implemented necessary to the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the module in device in embodiment can describe to divide according to embodiment
It is distributed in the device of embodiment, corresponding change can also be carried out and be located in one or more devices different from the present embodiment.On
The module for stating embodiment can be merged into a module, can also be further split into multiple submodule.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used
To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And
These are modified or replaceed, the spirit and model of technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device produce the operation optimization method of the steam power system with vapour, feature
It is, comprising the following steps:
S1 determines the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment needed for steam power system, the pipe parameter of steam straight tube and described
The technological parameter of steam power system；
S2, according to the energy conservation equation of the steam power system, the mass-conservation equation, described of the steam power system
Steam flow equation in steam straight tube, the energy conservation equation of each equipment, each equipment mass-conservation equation, described
The mass flow limitation equation of two flow directions in steam straight tube, in the steam straight tube two flow directions heat waste equations and two streams
To pressure drop equation and the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment and the technological parameter of the steam power system establish steam
The nonlinear mathematical model of dynamical system, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model include double fluid to steam straight tube mathematical model and
Power station and device produce steam-using system model；
S3 carries out analog approach to the nonlinear mathematical model, obtains simulation trial result, wherein the simulation trial result
Performance characteristic parameter including all devices in the steam power system；
S4 sets the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and the setting nonlinear mathematical model
Optimization object function, wherein flowed in the nonlinear mathematical model steam flow of stock and equipment key node, sharing of load,
Pressure and temperature value is variable, is changed in specified numberical range；
S5, using the simulation trial result as the initial feasible solution of nonlinear mathematical model optimization operation, described excellent
Change the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of variable；
S6 optimizes operation according to the decreasing gradient, finds out the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new and passs
Subtract gradient value；
S7, judges whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, thens follow the steps if it is less than the given threshold
S8；Otherwise return step S6, and continue to optimize operation using the new feasible solution and new decreasing gradient value；
Whether S8, the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value that judgement is less than the given threshold make the optimization object function
Value reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, using corresponding feasible solution as the steam power
The operating parameter of system；
For each straight pipe, the pressure drop equation of described two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is pipe friction
Coefficient；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；U1, u2 are pipeline section
Interior steam flows to the left and flows to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed to；
For each straight pipe, the heat waste equation of described two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of heat that may be flowed in pipeline section
Damage amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipeline week
Enclose air themperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, and F1, F2 are pipe
Steam flows to the left and flows to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in section；
For each straight pipe, the mass flow of described two flow directions limits equation are as follows:
F1F2=0
Wherein, F1, F2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in pipeline section.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein further comprising the steps of:
If the judging result in step S8 is that the value of the optimization object function cannot be made in the value of the optimized variable
Reach minimum in range, then return step S4 adjusts the value range of the optimized variable, re-starts optimization operation.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the optimization object function are as follows:
TOC=TPC+TFC+TSC, and objective function is made to reach minimum in the value range of optimized variable, wherein TOC is year
Operating cost, TPC are year electricity cost, and TFC is year fuel cost, and TSC is year steam buying expenses；
Or are as follows:
TC=TCC+TPC+TFC+TSC, wherein TC is annual total cost, and TCC is year investment cost, and TPC is year electricity cost, TFC
For year fuel cost, TSC is year steam buying expenses.
4. a kind of integrated steam straight tube, power station and device produce the operation optimization system of the steam power system with vapour, feature
It is, comprising:
Performance parameter module, for determining the performance characteristic parameter of each equipment needed for steam power system, the pipe of steam straight tube
The technological parameter of road parameter and the steam power system；
Modeling module, for being kept according to the energy conservation equation of the steam power system, the quality of the steam power system
Steam flow equation in permanent equation, the steam straight tube, the energy conservation equation of each equipment, each equipment quality keep
Two heat wastes flowed in the mass flow limitation equation, the steam straight tube of two flow directions in permanent equation, the steam straight tube
The technique of the performance characteristic parameter and the steam power system of equation and two pressure drop equations flowed to and each equipment
Parameter establishes the nonlinear mathematical model of steam power system, wherein the nonlinear mathematical model include double fluid to steam it is straight
Pipe mathematical model and power station and device produce steam-using system model；
Analog approach module obtains simulation trial result for carrying out analog approach to the nonlinear mathematical model, wherein
The simulation trial result includes the performance characteristic parameter of all devices in the steam power system；
Optimal setting module, for setting the value range of optimized variable in the nonlinear mathematical model, and described in setting
The optimization object function of nonlinear mathematical model, wherein flowing the steam of stock and equipment key node in the nonlinear mathematical model
Sharing of load, pressure and temperature value are variable, are changed in specified numberical range；
Optimization Solution module, for beginning the simulation trial result as nonlinear mathematical model optimization the first of operation
Row solution, the decreasing gradient that calculation optimization calculates in the value range of the optimized variable, and carried out according to the decreasing gradient
Optimize operation, finds out the new feasible solution of the nonlinear mathematical model and new decreasing gradient value；
Grads threshold judgment module, for judging whether the new decreasing gradient value is less than given threshold, if it is less than described
Given threshold then judges that execution module executes；Otherwise successively decreased by the Optimization Solution module using the new feasible solution and new
Gradient value continues to optimize operation；
Execution module is judged, for judging it is described whether the corresponding feasible solution of decreasing gradient value for being less than the given threshold makes
The value of optimization object function reaches minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, if it is, corresponding feasible solution is made
For the operating parameter of the steam power system；
For each straight pipe, the pressure drop equation of described two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein, Δ P1, Δ P2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of pressure drops that may be flowed in pipeline section；λ is pipe friction
Coefficient；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；L is length of straight pipe；leFor equivalent length；ρmFor the averag density of steam in pipeline；U1, u2 are pipeline section
Interior steam flows to the left and flows to the right two kinds of steam flow rates that may be flowed to；
For each straight pipe, the heat waste equation of described two flow directions are as follows:
Wherein,Δ H1, Δ H2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of heat that may be flowed in pipeline section
Damage amount, D1For internal diameter of the pipeline, D2For insulating layer outer diameter, L is length of pipe section, and T is tank wall temperature, i.e. vapor (steam) temperature, T0For pipeline week
Enclose air themperature, αsFor insulation layer surface to the overall heat-transfer coefficient between surrounding air, λ is thermal insulation material thermal conductivity, and F1, F2 are pipe
It is steam mass flow that steam, which flows to the left and flows to the right two kinds and may flow to, in section；
For each straight pipe, the mass flow of described two flow directions limits equation are as follows:
F1F2=0
Wherein, F1, F2 are that steam flows to the left and flow to the right two kinds of steam mass flows that may be flowed in pipeline section.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described to judge that execution module is also used to when judging result is not
When the value of the optimization object function can be made to reach minimum in the value range of the optimized variable, then set by the optimization
Cover half block adjusts the value range of the optimized variable, re-starts optimization operation.
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| CN103778334A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Method for measuring boiler thermal efficiency of coal fired power plant in real time |
| CN103775058A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Shaft heat loss determining method |
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| CN103775058A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Shaft heat loss determining method |
| CN103778334A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Method for measuring boiler thermal efficiency of coal fired power plant in real time |
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