CN105092755B - 石首鱼科hplc指纹图谱鉴定方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了石首鱼科HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,包括,其中:方法采用石首鱼科鱼类肌肉的化学成分HPLC图谱结合石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组鉴定石首鱼科鱼的产地或物种。采用HPLC指纹图谱鉴定石首鱼科鱼类的种群,具有稳定性好的优点,且避免认为目测、鉴定的识别错误,具有极强的重复性。因而本发明有基于化学组分对大黄鱼等主要石首鱼科鱼类进行产地溯源和种类鉴别、结果稳定可靠、操作方便的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种指纹图谱种群鉴别分类方法,尤其涉及石首鱼科HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法。
背景技术
大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson))属石首鱼科(Sciaenidae)黄鱼属,是我国重要的经济鱼类之一。但由于长期以来的滥捕,大黄鱼野生资源量日益减少,20世纪70年代后期,大黄鱼渔汛已难以形成。为解决大黄鱼产量问题,我国水产工作者积极开展大黄鱼人工养殖技术研究,至20世纪80年代末,大黄鱼人工育苗技术取得突破,网箱养殖技术逐渐成熟完善,较好地满足了人们对大黄鱼产量的需求,但养殖大黄鱼的品质与野生大黄鱼的品质存在较大差别,且不同环境和养殖方式下的大黄鱼品质也参差不齐。为了提高大黄鱼养殖质量,阐明影响大黄鱼品质差异的因素,不少研究者对大黄鱼的肌肉成分进行了比较分析,结果表明不同生长模式、不同家系、不同地域的大黄鱼所含的营养成分、理化指标,特别是脂肪含量差异明显,从而导致养殖大黄鱼口感差别明显。
舟山渔场地处长江、钱塘江、甬江入海口,沿岸流、台湾暖流和黄海冷水团交汇于此,大黄鱼养殖区域潮流较急,较其他海域大黄鱼生长慢,养殖周期长,脂肪含量少,肉质比较接近野生鱼。基于此,“舟山大黄鱼”地理标志证明商标于2009年在国家工商总局商标局正式注册成功。但是,舟山大黄鱼养殖成本大,价格较高,在外在形态上与其他海域养殖大黄鱼无明显差异,普通消费者难以从外在形态进行有效区分,而部分销售者以假充真欺骗消费者,致使舟山大黄鱼优质难以优价,影响了舟山大黄鱼产业的发展。因此,建立舟山大黄鱼的产地溯源技术和质量评价方法指导大黄鱼的生产和销售具有重要的现实意义。
目前,水产品的产地溯源和鉴别技术主要依靠性状鉴别和分子生物学方法。性状鉴别法主要依靠鉴别者的实践经验,易受主观因素影响;分子生物学方法所需试剂昂贵、实验周期长并要求检测者有较高的技术水平。本实验采用的HPLC法,准确度高、操作简便、实验成本较低,且已在中药材和部分海洋药物(如紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)、三班海马(Hippocampus trimaculatus)、马粪海胆(Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus)等)的质量控制和产地溯源领域得到广泛应用。但目前基于鱼类化学成分建立的HPLC指纹图谱较少。因此,本文采用HPLC法建立了大黄鱼指纹图谱,结合数理统计的方法,对不同产地大黄鱼进行产地溯源和质量鉴定,同时利用该技术进行了石首鱼科部分鱼类的种类鉴别,取得了较好结果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术提供一种基于化学组分对大黄鱼等主要石首鱼科鱼类进行产地溯源和种类鉴别、结果稳定可靠、操作方便的石首鱼科HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为:石首鱼科HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,该方法采用石首鱼科鱼类肌肉的化学成分HPLC图谱结合石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组鉴定石首鱼科鱼的产地或物种。采用HPLC指纹图谱鉴定石首鱼科鱼类的种群,具有稳定性好的优点,且避免认为目测、鉴定的识别错误,具有极强的重复性。
为优化上述技术方案,采取的措施还包括:石首鱼科鱼类肌肉按照物料比1g:100ml的比例添加乙酸乙酯进行提取;提取物采用乙酸乙酯补足失重;将提取物滤去残渣后在40℃以下除去乙酸乙酯,然后加入甲醇溶解残余物,再用0.45μm滤膜微滤后待用。
制作HPLC图谱的色谱条件为:
色谱柱采用Thermo C18,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm;流速为0.5 mL/ min;检测波长为210 nm,进样量为20 μL;柱温为25 ℃;
流动相采用A相为乙腈、B相为0.1%磷酸水;
A相梯度洗脱条件为:0~5 min,1%~3%;5~8 min,3%;8~10 min,3%~10%;15~20 min,30%~45%;20~23 min, 45%~55%;23~25 min,55%~60%;25~30 min,60%~70%;30~35 min,70%~85%;35~40 min,85%~87%;40~43 min,87%~90%;43~45 min, 90%-95%;45~47 min,95%~100%;47~60 min,100%。
石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组为:
YZ=25.293X1+967.823X2+407.940X3+101.448X4+59.194X5-123.471X6+1593.172X7+345.458X8-38.876;
YF=-105.747X1+987.959X2+705.193X3+37.103X4-52.803X5-245.897X6+1451.686X7+1118.618X8-81.642;
YH=170.568X1+1700.890X2+587.987X3+431.557X4+175.667X5-113.420X6+2405.938X7+191.474X8-234.316;
YHG=234.779X1+3415.322X2+1452.328X3+946.577X4+365.135X5-325.426X6+2404.938X7+598.140X8-312.921;
YM=990.890X1+5338.798X2+1156.344X3+848.064X4-268.936X5-325.381X6+1883.674X7+536.360X8-310.757;
其中,X1 ~X8依次代表了峰4、峰5、峰7、峰10、峰11、峰12、峰15、峰18的相对峰面积;
将待测样品的峰面积带入上述方程中,比较Y值的大小,Y值最大的就是该样品的产地或物种。
相对峰的峰编号与保留时间的对应关系为:
由于本发明采用了方法采用石首鱼科鱼类肌肉的化学成分HPLC图谱结合石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组鉴定石首鱼科鱼的产地或物种。采用HPLC指纹图谱鉴定石首鱼科鱼类的种群,具有稳定性好的优点,且避免认为目测、鉴定的识别错误,具有极强的重复性。因而本发明具有基于化学组分对大黄鱼等主要石首鱼科鱼类进行产地溯源和种类鉴别、结果稳定可靠、操作方便的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例大黄鱼对照指纹图谱及18个共有峰标识示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例:参照图1,石首鱼科HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法采用石首鱼科鱼类肌肉的化学成分HPLC图谱结合石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组鉴定石首鱼科鱼的产地或物种。采用HPLC指纹图谱鉴定石首鱼科鱼类的种群,具有稳定性好的优点,且避免认为目测、鉴定的识别错误,具有极强的重复性。
石首鱼科鱼类肌肉按照物料比1g:100ml的比例添加乙酸乙酯进行提取;提取物采用乙酸乙酯补足失重;将提取物滤去残渣后在40℃以下除去乙酸乙酯,然后加入甲醇溶解残余物,再用0.45μm滤膜微滤后待用。如样品需要干燥保存,根据常识,优选方式应当为真空冷冻干燥。
制作HPLC图谱的色谱条件为:
色谱柱采用Thermo C18,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm;流速为0.5 mL/ min;检测波长为210 nm,进样量为20 μL;柱温为25 ℃;
流动相采用A相为乙腈、B相为0.1%磷酸水;
A相梯度洗脱条件为:0~5 min,1%~3%;5~8 min,3%;8~10 min,3%~10%;15~20 min,30%~45%;20~23 min, 45%~55%;23~25 min,55%~60%;25~30 min,60%~70%;30~35 min,70%~85%;35~40 min,85%~87%;40~43 min,87%~90%;43~45 min, 90%-95%;45~47 min,95%~100%;47~60 min,100%。
石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组为:
YZ=25.293X1+967.823X2+407.940X3+101.448X4+59.194X5-123.471X6+1593.172X7+345.458X8-38.876;
YF=-105.747X1+987.959X2+705.193X3+37.103X4-52.803X5-245.897X6+1451.686X7+1118.618X8-81.642;
YH=170.568X1+1700.890X2+587.987X3+431.557X4+175.667X5-113.420X6+2405.938X7+191.474X8-234.316;
YHG=234.779X1+3415.322X2+1452.328X3+946.577X4+365.135X5-325.426X6+2404.938X7+598.140X8-312.921;
YM=990.890X1+5338.798X2+1156.344X3+848.064X4-268.936X5-325.381X6+1883.674X7+536.360X8-310.757;
其中,X1 ~X8依次代表了峰4、峰5、峰7、峰10、峰11、峰12、峰15、峰18的相对峰面积;
将待测样品的峰面积带入上述方程中,比较Y值的大小,Y值最大的就是该样品的产地或物种。
相对峰的峰编号与保留时间的对应关系如表1。
表1:图谱峰编号与保留时间的对应关系
将各样品18个共有峰的相对峰面积导入SPSS18.0中进行因子分析,共选取出三个主成分,第一主成分(PC1)的贡献率为55.59%,第二主成分的贡献率为18.00%,第三主成分的贡献率为6.77%,累计贡献率达到80.36%(大于80%),可见选取的三个主成分涵盖了样品的大部分信息,可用作后续分析。
通过重复验证试验,将结果输入SPSS18.0分析软件中进行交互验证,表2结果表明,仅野生小黄鱼的一个样品发生了错误,交互验证的正确率高达 98.4%。说明判别函数稳定性良好,可用于鉴别不同产地的同种鱼类及相同产地的相近鱼种。
表2:交互验证结果
注:已对交互验证分组案例中的98.4%的样品进行了正确分类。
尽管已结合优选的实施例描述了本发明,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何本领域技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,能够对在这里列出的主题实施各种改变、同等物的置换和修改,因此本发明的保护范围当视所提出的权利要求限定的范围为准。
Claims (4)
1.石首鱼科鱼HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,其特征是:所述的方法采用石首鱼科鱼类肌肉的化学成分HPLC图谱结合石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组鉴定所述的石首鱼科鱼的产地或物种;制作所述的HPLC图谱的色谱条件为:
色谱柱采用Thermo C18,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm;流速为0.5 mL/ min;检测波长为210nm,进样量为20 μL;柱温为25 ℃;
流动相采用A相为乙腈、B相为0.1%磷酸水;
A相梯度洗脱条件为:0~5 min,1%~3%;5~8 min,3%;8~10 min,3%~10%;15~20 min,30%~45%;20~23 min, 45%~55%;23~25 min,55%~60%;25~30 min,60%~70%;30~35 min,70%~85%;35~40 min,85%~87%;40~43 min,87%~90%;43~45 min, 90%-95%;45~47 min,95%~100%;47~60 min,100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石首鱼科鱼HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,其特征是:所述的石首鱼科鱼类肌肉按照物料比1g:100ml的比例添加乙酸乙酯进行提取;提取物采用乙酸乙酯补足失重;将所述的提取物滤去残渣后在40℃以下除去乙酸乙酯,然后加入甲醇溶解残余物,再用0.45μm滤膜微滤后待用。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石首鱼科鱼HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,其特征是:所述的石首鱼科鉴定数字方程式组为:
YZ=25.293X1+967.823X2+407.940X3+101.448X4+59.194X5-123.471X6+1593.172X7+345.458X8-38.876;
YF=-105.747X1+987.959X2+705.193X3+37.103X4-52.803X5-245.897X6+1451.686X7+1118.618X8-81.642;
YH=170.568X1+1700.890X2+587.987X3+431.557X4+175.667X5-113.420X6+2405.938X7+191.474X8-234.316;
YHG=234.779X1+3415.322X2+1452.328X3+946.577X4+365.135X5-325.426X6+2404.938X7+598.140X8-312.921;
YM=990.890X1+5338.798X2+1156.344X3+848.064X4-268.936X5-325.381X6+1883.674X7+536.360X8-310.757;
其中,X1 ~X8依次代表了峰4、峰5、峰7、峰10、峰11、峰12、峰15、峰18的相对峰面积;
将待测样品的峰面积带入上述方程中,比较Y值的大小,Y值最大的就是该样品的产地或物种。
4.根据权利要求3所述的石首鱼科鱼HPLC指纹图谱鉴定方法,其特征是:所述的相对峰的峰编号与保留时间的关系为:
。
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CN104101570B (zh) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-05-11 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | 一种红外光谱法检测带鱼产地的方法 |
CN104101659B (zh) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-04-20 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | 一种带鱼指纹图谱的构建方法 |
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