CN105092411A - Experiment apparatus for measuring separate layer gas production of multilayer gas commingled producing well, and method thereof - Google Patents
Experiment apparatus for measuring separate layer gas production of multilayer gas commingled producing well, and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experiment apparatus for measuring separate layer gas production of a multilayer gas commingled producing well, and a method thereof. The apparatus comprises a stratum simulator, multilayer rock cores are superposed in the stratum simulator, a sealed interlayer is arranged between adjacent rock cores, a flexible sealing gasket is arranged between each of the top wall and the bottom wall of the stratum simulator and the corresponding rock core in order to form an overburden pressure fluid chamber between the top wall and/ the bottom wall and the corresponding sealing gasket, the sidewall of the shell of the stratum simulator is provided with a plurality of measurement gas inlets respectively connected with the corresponding rock cores, the bottom wall of the shell of the stratum simulator is provided with an overburden pressure fluid inlet connected with the overburden pressure fluid chamber and simulation oil pipes extending and traversing through the top wall of the stratum simulator, having lower end openings extending into the rock core to be measured and used for leading out the measurement gas, and the stable gas output from the rock core to be measured under a constant apparent pressure of the measurement gas in the rock core to be measured is the gas production amount of the layer of the multilayer gas commingled producing well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Oil-Gas Well Engineering, particularly relate to the experimental provision measuring commingling production gas well layering gas production rate.The invention still further relates to the method using this experimental provision to measure layering gas production rate.
Background technology
Fine and close low permeability gas reservoir great majority are grown and are overlapped reservoir more, and for improving gas output per well, gas well often exploits multiple reservoir simultaneously.The gas quantum of output simultaneously of the multiple reservoir in underground, shows as a well head quantum of output, but cannot know the independent gas production rate of each reservoir on ground.
At present, under most cases, calculate the independent gas production rate of each reservoir by engineering site production logging, also can study gas well reservoir model by numerical simulation software, thus estimate the ratio that the independent gas production rate of each reservoir and this gas production rate account for gas well total gas production.But the cost of the test jobs of engineering site is higher, but also gas can be caused to waste and contaminated environment.Numerical simulation software is by the restriction of the accuracy of gas well reservoir model, and intuitive is also poor, is difficult to the independent gas production rate accurately calculating each reservoir in laboratory.
Therefore, need a kind of can at the device of laboratory accurate Calculation commingling production gas well layer cross flow amount.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of experimental provision measuring commingling production gas well layering gas production rate.By this experimental provision, can actual condition be simulated exactly in laboratory and accurately measure the gas production rate of gas well every layer.
According to a first aspect of the invention, propose a kind of experimental provision measuring commingling production gas well layering gas production rate, comprise: stratum simulator, be stacked with multilayer core therein, leakproofness interlayer is provided with between adjacent core, at the roof of stratum simulator be provided with sealing gasket that Light deformation can occur between diapire and corresponding core thus at roof and/or formed between diapire and corresponding sealing gasket and cover hydraulic fluid room, the housing sidewall of stratum simulator is provided with multiple measurement gas entrance be communicated with corresponding core respectively, the shell bottom wall of stratum simulator is provided with cover that hydraulic fluid room is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance, extend through the roof of stratum simulator and lower ending opening extend in core to be measured for drawing the simulation oil pipe measuring gas, measure the constant apparent pressure of gas in core to be measured under, stable air output from core to be measured is the gas production rate of core to be measured.
By experimental provision of the present invention, the gas to be measured of a certain pressure is filled with to core to be measured, owing to there is pressure differential between gas access and gas vent (namely simulating the outlet of oil pipe), and in core to be measured, radially form the pressure driving gas flow to be measured simulation oil pipe, and therefore the measurement gas in core to be measured can flow out.This experimental principle is identical with the gas extraction in actual formation, and therefore this experimental provision can simulate the gas extraction in actual formation exactly, and experimental result also just can reflect actual conditions more accurately, and experimental cost is also lower.
In one embodiment, this experimental provision also comprises the wellbore hole simulator running through extension from roof to bottom core, the part that wellbore hole simulator contacts with core forms measuring section, the part that wellbore hole simulator contacts with interlayer forms seal section, measuring section is connected with corresponding core, in seal section, be provided with seal, simulation oil pipe extends through seal and is vertically arranged in wellbore hole simulator.By arranging wellbore hole simulator, more easily simulation oil pipe can be set in the simulator of stratum.In addition, due in practice of construction process, oil pipe is arranged in the wellbore exactly, and therefore this experimental provision also simulates actual condition truly, makes measured experimental data react actual condition more realistically.In a preferred embodiment, the quantity of simulation oil pipe is multiple, and in wellbore hole simulator the parallel core place extending to different layers.Thus experimental provision of the present invention can measure the gas production rate of each layer of position in gas well, improves conventional efficient simultaneously.
In one embodiment, measuring section is provided with multiple through hole.The wellbore hole simulator of this structure is used for Simulated gas bottom perforation, and this experimental provision can analogue perforation and bore hole be produced.
In one embodiment, be provided with multiple with corresponding measurement gas entrance in the region corresponding to core of the housing sidewall inner surface of stratum simulator and be communicated with ring groove, preferably, the height of ring groove is 1: 1 to 1: 1.1 with the ratio of the height of corresponding core.By arranging ring groove, when opening constant voltage source of the gas, gas can flow into ring groove rapidly by measuring gas entrance and arrive around core, thus the gaseous tension of core edge is equal.Gaseous tension by means of core edge is equal, gas flowing in core for entering in wellbore hole simulator along the radial flow of core bottom wellbore hole simulator, be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, this is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.The height of ring groove is substantially equal with the height of corresponding core, and the gaseous tension also contributing to core edge reaches balance fast, improves conventional efficient.
In one embodiment, the housing top wall and/or diapire inside surface of stratum simulator are provided with multiple with cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid groove, multiple hydraulic fluid groove that covers communicates with each other.By this structure, when by cover baric flow body source to cover hydraulic fluid room apply to cover hydraulic fluid time, these cover hydraulic fluid groove can make to cover hydraulic fluid and be full of rapidly and wholely cover hydraulic fluid room, realizes applying uniform pressure to core pressure.
In one embodiment, multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and measures on air pipe be provided with pressure regulator valve at every root.Outlet pressure regulator is provided with in the outlet of simulation oil pipe.By arranging pressure regulator valve and outlet pressure regulator, the apparent pressure of the gas to be measured in core can be regulated easily, facilitate the use of user.In addition, it is different that this set can also simulate the multiple reservoir original pressure of gas reservoir, thus a set of experimental provision can be used to carry out different experiments, reduces experimental cost.
According to a second aspect of the invention, propose the method using and measure core gas production rate according to device mentioned above, multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with constant voltage source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and the outlet of simulation oil pipe is provided with outlet pressure regulator, method comprises the following steps
Step one: be filled with cover hydraulic fluid to predetermined pressure to covering hydraulic fluid indoor;
Step 2: be filled with measurement gas to core to be measured, and the gas superficial pressure in core to be measured is adjusted to predetermined value;
Step 3: keep the admission pressure in step 2 and outlet pressure, until the air inflow of core to be measured and air output stable after, the stable air output of core to be measured is the gas production rate of core to be measured.
In one embodiment, the pressure ratio admission pressure height at least 10% of hydraulic fluid indoor is covered.This can be avoided measuring gas and flow through between interlayer and the surface of contact of core to be measured, and affects the accuracy of measurement result.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the principle that the gas production rate of core to be measured measured by (1) experimental provision of the present invention is identical with the gas extraction in actual formation, therefore this experimental provision can simulate the gas extraction in actual formation exactly, experimental result also just can reflect actual conditions more accurately, and experimental cost is also lower.(2) experimental provision of the present invention is provided with multiple simulation oil pipe extending to different layers core, thus can measure the gas production rate of each layer of position in gas well simultaneously, improves conventional efficient.(3) ring groove is communicated with in the housing sidewall of stratum simulator corresponding to the inside surface of core being provided with multiple with corresponding measurement gas entrance.These ring grooves make the air-flow in core be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, and this is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Also will be described in more detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing based on embodiment hereinafter.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the experimental provision according to measurement commingling production gas well layering gas production rate of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to stratum of the present invention simulator;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to wellbore hole simulator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is gas flow schematic diagram in the simulator of stratum according to the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, identical parts use identical Reference numeral.Accompanying drawing is not according to the ratio of reality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 show schematically show the experimental provision 10 (hereinafter referred to as experimental provision 10) according to measurement commingling production gas well layering gas production rate of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, experimental provision 10 comprises stratum simulator 20, by the constant voltage source of the gas 11 measuring gas draft tube 14a, 14b with 14c is connected with the measurement gas entrance of stratum simulator 20, with stratum simulator 20 cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is connected cover baric flow body source 12, and escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c of being connected with the outlet of stratum simulator 20.Draft tube 14a, 14b and 14c are respectively arranged with inlet air flow gauge 17a, 17b and 17c, escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c are respectively arranged with give vent to anger flowmeter 18a, 18b and 18c, and the flow recorded by flowmeter of giving vent to anger is exactly the gas production rate of corresponding core.In this application, gas production rate be defined as core at a particular pressure constant go out airshed.Three draft tube 14a, 14b and 14c as described herein and three escape pipes 15a, 15b and 15c are only in order to corresponding with the stratum simulator 20 that Fig. 2 describes, instead of restriction the present invention.
Constant voltage source of the gas 11 for being filled with measurement gas in stratum simulator 20, and ensures there is sufficient source of the gas in experimentation, maintains and measures gas by core, complete the DATA REASONING of experiment.Cover baric flow body source 12 for applying burden pressure in stratum simulator 20, to simulate actual formation pressure.Draft tube 14a, 14b and 14c are connected to pressure regulator valve 16a, 16b and 16c successively, escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c are provided with outlet pressure regulator 13a, 13b and 13c, to facilitate the gas superficial pressure regulated in stratum simulator 20.
Fig. 2 show schematically show the structure of stratum simulator 20.As shown in Figure 2, stratum simulator 20 is shell structure.In enclosure interior, overlapped way is provided with multilayer core, housing is provided with the measurement gas entrance be connected with core.Fig. 2 only show schematically show three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c, and in fact the quantity of core can be two-layer, also can be three layers and more than.Only for layer core of three in Fig. 2, be provided with one corresponding to every layer of core and measure gas entrance 51a, 51b and 51c.Leakproofness interlayer 22a, 22b is provided with, to prevent from, between the core of adjacent layer, gas channelling occurs between adjacent layer core.Between the roof 23 and most top layer core 21a of stratum simulator 20, be provided with the first sealing gasket 24, the second sealing gasket 26 is set between diapire 25 and bottom core 21c.First sealing gasket 24 and the second sealing gasket 26 guarantee that the gas be filled in core can not leave stratum simulator 20 from other approach, ensure that the accuracy of experimental data.First sealing gasket 24 and the second sealing gasket 26 all can be out of shape, and cover hydraulic fluid room 27 to make to be formed between roof 23 and the first sealing gasket 24 and/or between diapire 25 and the second sealing gasket 26.Only exemplarily show in fig. 2 to be formed between diapire 25 and the second sealing gasket 26 and cover hydraulic fluid room 27, and be provided with on diapire 25 with cover that hydraulic fluid room 27 is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance 60, certainly also can be located at covering hydraulic fluid room 27 and covering hydraulic fluid entrance 60 on roof 23, thus burden pressure can be applied from roof 23.
In order to will the gas output of stratum simulator 20 be passed into, wellbore hole simulator 29 is provided with in stratum simulator 20, multiple simulation oil pipe is such as simulated oil pipe 28a, 28b and is then vertically arranged in wellbore hole simulator 29, and the outlet of simulating oil pipe 28a is connected with escape pipe 15b, the outlet of simulation oil pipe 28b is connected with escape pipe 15c, and the outlet of wellbore hole simulator 29 is connected with escape pipe 15a.
As shown in Figure 2, wellbore hole simulator 29 passes roof 23 and extends downwardly through the first sealing gasket 24, three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c and interlayer 22a, 22b, finally ends at the second sealing gasket 26.That is, wellbore hole simulator 29 has run through roof 23, first sealing gasket 24, three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c and interlayer 22a, 22b, but does not run through the second sealing gasket 26 and diapire 25.Pit shaft 29 also seals with the first sealing gasket 24 and contacts, to avoid Leakage Gas.The part that wellbore hole simulator 29 contacts with core forms measuring section, and the part contacted with interlayer forms seal section, and that is measuring section and seal section are for being alternately distributed.Measuring section is connected with corresponding core; In seal section, be provided with seal, simulation oil pipe extends through seal and arranges.As shown in Figure 3, wellbore hole simulator 29 comprises measuring section 52a, 52b and 52c, and seal section 53a and 53b, and measuring section mixes seal section and is arranged alternately.
To simulate oil pipe 28a, the lower ending opening of simulation oil pipe 28a extends to the region of core 21b to be measured, the outlet of simulation oil pipe 28a is connected with escape pipe 15b, makes the gas flow entered by measuring gas entrance 51b enter escape pipe 15b through core 21b, simulation oil pipe 28a.The gas flowing of simulating in oil pipe 28b and wellbore hole simulator 29 (region beyond simulation oil pipe 28a, 28b) is similar with simulation oil pipe 28a, repeats no more here.
In confined state, as shown in Figure 2, the measuring section 52b of wellbore hole simulator 29 is communicated with core 21b, in wellbore hole simulator 29, be provided with seal 54a and 54b in seal section 53a and 53b, and simulation oil pipe 28a then extends through seal 54a.By this structure, the gas in core 21b can flow in measuring section 52a, and due to the effect of seal 54a and 54b, only can flow out along simulation oil pipe 28a.In practice of construction process, oil pipe is arranged in the wellbore exactly, and in pit shaft, is provided with packer to be separated by different reservoirs, and therefore experimental provision 10 also simulates actual condition truly, makes experimental data react actual condition more realistically.
In order to simulate the fluid neuron network pattern in actual condition in reservoir more accurately, the housing sidewall inner surface of stratum simulator 20 is provided with ring groove, each ring groove is all corresponding to core and be connected with corresponding measurement gas entrance.As shown in Figure 2, for core 21b, ring groove 58 is corresponding with core 21b, and is communicated with measurement gas entrance 51b.In one embodiment, the height of ring groove 58 is 1: 1 with the ratio of the height of core 21b.When testing, after opening constant voltage source of the gas 11, gas can flow into rapidly ring groove 58 by measuring gas entrance 51b and arrive around core 21b, thus the pressure of core 21b edge remains equal, therefore gas flowing in core 21b is for entering in wellbore hole simulator 29 from the circumferential edge of core 21b along the radial flow of core 21b to wellbore hole simulator 29, be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, as shown in Figure 4.In this, Radial Flow Through Porous Media is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.
Also as shown in Figure 2, diapire 25 inside surface of stratum simulator 20 is provided with multiple communicate with each other cover hydraulic fluid groove 59.Cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 and cover hydraulic fluid entrance 60.By this structure, when by cover baric flow body source 12 to cover hydraulic fluid room 27 apply cover hydraulic fluid time, these cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 can make to cover hydraulic fluid and be full of rapidly and wholely cover hydraulic fluid room 27, realize applying uniform pressure to core pressure, thus avoid the uniform not problem of burden pressure applying.In one embodiment, cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 to be communicated with each other by " ten " word groove (not shown).
Fig. 3 show schematically show the wellbore hole simulator 29 according to invention.The measuring section of wellbore hole simulator 29 is provided with multiple hole 55.Like this, the gas in core will enter in wellbore hole simulator 29 through hole 55.The wellbore hole simulator 29 of this structure can Simulated gas bottom perforation, and experimental provision 10 can analogue perforation and bore hole be produced.
The method using this experimental provision 10 to measure layering gas production rate is described according to Fig. 1 and 2 below.
To measure the gas production rate of core 21b.First, hydraulic fluid is covered to predetermined pressure to covering in hydraulic fluid room 27 to be filled with.The reservoir pressure that the pressure covered in hydraulic fluid room 27 can be residing for core 21b to be measured exceeds 10%.
Then, in core 21b to be measured, measurement gas is filled with by constant voltage source of the gas 11.Regulate admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of core 21b to be measured, make the gas superficial pressure in core 21b to be measured arrive predetermined value.In this application, term " gas superficial pressure " calculates according to the admission pressure of core and outlet pressure, its W-response gas pressure level of core inside.The calculating of this " gas superficial pressure " is known by those skilled in the art, repeats no more here.Preferably, cover the pressure ratio admission pressure height at least 10% in hydraulic fluid room 27, this can be avoided measuring gas and flow through between interlayer 22a or 22b and core 21b surface of contact to be measured, and affects the accuracy of measurement result.
Then, keep core 21b admission pressure to be measured and outlet pressure, when the air inflow of core 21b to be measured and air output stable after, the air output of core 21b to be measured is exactly the layering gas production rate of this layer of gas well.
Going out admission pressure to simulate difference, reconfigurable pressure regulator valve 16a, 16b and 16c and outlet pressure regulator 13a, 13b and 13c, again carrying out testing.Therefore, the reservoir of experimental provision 10 to different air pressure can be used to simulate, reduce experimental cost.
In addition, the permeability of core to be measured can also be obtained according to the method measuring layering gas production rate.Such as, for core 21b, at its admission pressure p
entrancewith outlet pressure p
outletunder, core 21b gas production rate is q
outlet.Apparent pressure in core 21b
for
According to Darcy formula (as follows), the permeability K of core 21b is
Wherein, K is permeability, q
outletfor the gas production rate of core, p
entrancefor the admission pressure of core, p
outletfor the outlet pressures of core, T is experimental temperature,
for at mean pressure
with the viscosity of the measurement gas under experimental temperature T,
for mean pressure
with the gas compressive coefficient under experimental temperature T, h is core thickness, r
efor core external diameter, r
wfor pit shaft external diameter.
with
be data known by those skilled in the art.
Although invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, without departing from the scope of the invention, various improvement can be carried out to it and parts wherein can be replaced with equivalent.Especially, only otherwise there is structural hazard, the every technical characteristic mentioned in each embodiment all can combine in any way.The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed in literary composition, but comprises all technical schemes fallen in the scope of claim.
Claims (10)
1. measure an experimental provision for commingling production gas well layering gas production rate, comprising:
Stratum simulator, be stacked with multilayer core therein, leakproofness interlayer is provided with between adjacent core, described stratum simulator roof and be provided with flexible sealing gasket between diapire and corresponding core thus described roof and/or between diapire and corresponding sealing gasket formed cover hydraulic fluid room
The housing sidewall of described stratum simulator is provided with multiple measurement gas entrance be communicated with corresponding core respectively, the shell bottom wall of described stratum simulator is provided with described cover that hydraulic fluid room is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance, extend through the roof of described stratum simulator and lower ending opening extend in core to be measured for drawing the simulation oil pipe measuring gas
Wherein, under the constant apparent pressure measuring gas in described core to be measured, the stable air output from described core to be measured is the gas production rate of described core to be measured.
2. experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and measures on air pipe be provided with pressure regulator valve at every root.
3. experimental provision according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise the wellbore hole simulator running through extension from described roof to bottom core, the part that described wellbore hole simulator contacts with described core forms measuring section, the part that described wellbore hole simulator contacts with described interlayer forms seal section
Described measuring section is connected with corresponding core, in described seal section, be provided with seal, and described simulation oil pipe extends through described seal and is vertically arranged in described wellbore hole simulator.
4. experimental provision according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described measuring section is provided with multiple through hole.
5. the experimental provision according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, the quantity of described simulation oil pipe is multiple, and in described wellbore hole simulator the parallel core place extending to different layers.
6. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, is provided with outlet pressure regulator in the outlet of described simulation oil pipe.
7. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, be provided with multiple and corresponding measurement gas entrance in the region corresponding to core of the housing sidewall inner surface of described stratum simulator and be communicated with ring groove, preferably, the height of described ring groove is to 1: 1 to 1: 1.1 with the ratio of the height of corresponding core.
8. the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, the housing top wall and/or diapire inside surface of described stratum simulator are provided with multiple and described cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid groove, described multiple hydraulic fluid groove that covers communicates with each other.
9. the method using the experimental provision according to any one of claim 1 to 8 to measure core gas production rate, described multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with constant voltage source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, the outlet of described simulation oil pipe is provided with outlet pressure regulator, said method comprising the steps of
Step one: be filled with cover hydraulic fluid to predetermined pressure to described hydraulic fluid indoor of covering;
Step 2: be filled with measurement gas in core to be measured, and the gas superficial pressure in core to be measured is adjusted to predetermined value;
Step 3: keep the admission pressure in described step 2 and outlet pressure, until the air inflow of described core to be measured and air output stable after, the stable air output of described core to be measured is the gas production rate of described core to be measured.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described in cover hydraulic fluid indoor pressure ratio described in admission pressure height at least 10%.
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| CN109812263A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The performance testing device and method of formation pressure testing system |
| CN112145149A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multiphase multi-field coupling transportation process simulation device for geothermal reservoir |
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| CN112145149A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multiphase multi-field coupling transportation process simulation device for geothermal reservoir |
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| CN105092411B (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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