CN105089663B - A kind of High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration - Google Patents
A kind of High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration.It comprises the following steps, step one, according to the parameters of resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy and between correlation, set up horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart；Step 2, according to the analysis to horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart, the total anisotropy coefficient of formation resistivity both macro and micro is determined using iterative algorithm, so as to carry out formation resistivity anisotropy correction, the horizontal resistivity for representing target zone true resistance rate is calculated.The anisotropism of reservoir can not be reacted by efficiently solving chart method, the pointwise for being not suitable for well-log information is explained, automatic correction method is few because of correcting plate quantity, and it is relatively more discrete, actual conditions are not complied fully with, the problem of with weak points such as very big regionalities, the pointwise for being quite suitable for well-log information is explained, the quick look in production can be serviced and meet in time, with good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to High angle/Horizontal Well Log Interpretation assessment technique field, specially a kind of High angle/horizontal well
Layer resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration.
Background technology
With developing rapidly for petroleum industry, the oil-gas reservoir of exploration and development is become increasingly complex, and horizontal well technology is invested with it
The high and applied widely advantage of the rate of recovery has obtained global favor.In following drilling well type, largely it would is that
Horizontal well.But horizontal well is different from straight well, geometry of the horizontal wellbore logging response by its near wellbore stratum, measurement side
Position, abnormal invasion profile, instrument caused by gravity be eccentric and the influence such as anisotropy is serious, carry out horizontal well formation evaluation it
Before, necessary correction process need to be carried out to raw log data.In many influence factors, resistivity logging is electrical by stratum
Anisotropy influence is maximum.
At present, resistivity anisotropy correction mainly has chart method and the automatic correction method of computer.Correcting plate is according to reason
It is made by calculating or experimental result, all parameters are all the average characteristics for each sampled point for representing a layer in plate, its
An identical ratio is averagely raised or reduced to correction result simply High angle/horizontal well purpose layer resistivity, bent with well logging
The distinctive continuity of line and anisotropism are disagreed, and are only had qualitative interpretation in theory and are provided the value of reference, it is impossible to use
Into the pointwise explanation of real logging data.Automatic correction method is that on the basis of chart method, the curve in correcting plate is entered
Row rationally sampling readings fitting, substantial amounts of Chart is replaced with standardization formula, and work out the realization of correction process program library
Computer is corrected automatically, but because anisotropy plate correction quantity is few and relatively more discrete, not complies fully with actual conditions,
With very big territorial characteristics, bearing calibration bad adaptability.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind and can determine formation resistivity anisotropy system
Number, draws the High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy for the horizontal resistivity that can represent target zone true resistance rate
Bearing calibration.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
Step one, according to the parameters of resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy and between mutual pass
System, sets up horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart；
Step 2, according to the analysis to horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart, formation resistivity is determined using iterative algorithm
The total anisotropy coefficient of rate both macro and micro, so as to carry out formation resistivity anisotropy correction, calculates and represents target zone
The horizontal resistivity of true resistance rate.
It is preferred that, when horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart is set up in step one, comprise the following steps,
1.1 in High angle/horizontal well, when horizontal well track is from the spy for being less than logger with a distance from formation beds
Depth measurement degree intersects with formation beds, and logger detection is sand/mud stone alternating layers, and measured value is sandstone and shale resistivity
Integrated information, formation resistivity anisotropy shows as macroscopic anisotropy；Now,
Stratum horizontal resistivity RhIt is expressed as follows,
Stratum vertical resistivity RvIt is expressed as follows,
Resistivity anisotropy coefficient lambda is expressed as follows,
Wherein, RsdFor the sandstone resistivity in sand/mud stone model, unit is (Ω .m)；RshFor shale resistivity, unit
For (Ω .m)；HsdFor sandstone cumulative thickness, unit is (m)；HshFor mud stone cumulative thickness, unit is (m)；
1.2 in High angle/horizontal well, when the distance of horizontal well track to stratum bed boundary exceeds logger
Investigation depth when, regard homogeneous anisotropy medium of the stratum as infinite thickness, formation resistivity anisotropy shows as microcosmic each
Anisotropy；Then obtain,
Formation apparent resistivity RaIt is expressed as follows,
Wherein,For the average resistivity of anisotropic formation, unit is (Ω .m)；θ is hole angle list
Position is (°)；
1.3 according to step 1.1 and 1.2 macroscopic anisotropys and microscopic anisotropy coefficient and horizontal resistivity, vertical electricity
The relation of resistance rate and formation apparent resistivity etc., sets up the horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart on stratum.
Further, formation resistivity anisotropy timing is carried out using iterative algorithm in step 2, comprised the following steps,
2.1 obtain the shale bulk volume V in stratum using Natural Gamma-ray Logging CurvesshIt is as follows,
Wherein,Δ GR is natural potential relative value；GR is gamma ray log value, GRmin
For the natural gamma value of clean sandstone section, GRmaxFor the natural gamma value of pure shale section；GCUR is Xi Erqi coefficients, and old stratum takes 2,
3rd is that new stratum takes 3.7；
The empirical value of 2.2 calmodulin binding domain CaMs determines shale resistivity Rsh, or with rock it is completely aqueous when resistivity RoApproximately replace
Generation,Wherein, a, m are Archie formula litho-electric parameters, RwFor formation water resistivity, φ is porosity；
2.3 given anisotropy coefficient λ initial values λ=λkAnd assigned error, the mud that surge well bevel angle θ, step 2.1 are calculated
Matter volume content VshThe shale resistivity R calculated with step 2.2sh, the level of intermediate variable is obtained according to formula (1)~(4)
Resistivity Rh ·, Rh ·=f (λ, θ, Vsh, Rsh)；
The 2.4 horizontal resistivity R for obtaining anisotropy coefficient λ, hole angle θ and step 2.3h ·, obtained with reference to formula (4)
To the formation apparent resistivity R of intermediate variablea ·；
2.5 R calculated using step 2.4a ·With actual measurement formation apparent resistivity RaCompare, calculate ε, ε=‖ Ra-Ra ·‖；If ε
More than assigned error, then λ=λk+1And repeat step 2.3~2.5, until ε meets the requirement of no more than assigned error, output electricity
The total anisotropy coefficient λ of resistance rate both macro and micro, and calculate the horizontal resistivity R for representing target zone true resistance rateh。
Further, Archie formula litho-electric parameters a and m is determined by rock-electric test data analysis.
Further, formation water resistivity RwDetermined by water analysis data.
Further, porosity φ is calculated by acoustic travel time logging curve and determined.
Further, resistivity calculates porosity by using interval transit time and determined when rock is completely aqueous.
Further, when taking Xi Erqi coefficient GCUR, old stratum takes 2, and the 3rd is that new stratum takes 3.7.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
The present invention is established level and hung down by the classification analysis to resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy
Straight resistivity interpretation chart, with reference to hole angle, natural gamma and interval transit time log and shale resistivity, mud stone resistance
Rate is determined or near with resistivity when calculating that obtained rock is completely aqueous after porosity using interval transit time by the empirical value in region
Like substituting, the total anisotropy coefficient of formation resistivity both macro and micro is determined using iterative algorithm, so as to carry out formation resistivity
Rate anisotropy is corrected, and obtains that the horizontal resistivity of target zone true resistance rate can be represented, and then be preferably applied for big oblique
During degree/Horizontal Well Log Interpretation is evaluated.The anisotropism of reservoir can not be reacted by efficiently solving chart method, be not suitable for well-log information
Pointwise explain that automatic correction method is few because of correcting plate quantity, it is and relatively more discrete, actual conditions are not complied fully with, with very
The problem of weak points such as big regionality, the pointwise for being quite suitable for well-log information is explained, can service and meet in time life
Quick look in production, with good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of High angle provided in an embodiment of the present invention/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration
Flow chart.
Fig. 2 is the horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy correction process described in the embodiment of the present invention is construed to
Fruit is schemed.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
In the present invention, formation resistivity anisotropy can be divided into macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy, describe stratum
The parameter of resistivity anisotropy mainly has, horizontal resistivity Rh, vertical resistivity RvAnd resistivity anisotropy coefficient lambda.
In high angle hole/horizontal well, the formation resistivity R of apparatus measuresaIt is horizontal resistivity RhWith vertical resistivity RvSynthesis it is anti-
Reflect.
When horizontal well track is small from a distance from formation beds from the relatively near namely horizontal well track of formation beds
Intersect in the investigation depth of logger, or with formation beds, logger detection is sand/mud stone alternating layers, and measured value is sand
The integrated information of rock and shale resistivity, formation resistivity anisotropy shows as macroscopic anisotropy.It is located at sand/mud stone model
Middle sandstone resistivity is Rsd, shale resistivity is Rsh, sandstone cumulative thickness is Hsd, mud stone cumulative thickness is Hsh.Now stratum
Horizontal resistivity RhIt is represented by：
Stratum vertical resistivity RvIt is represented by：
Resistivity anisotropy coefficient lambda：
When horizontal well track remotely interface layer by layer, that is, horizontal well track surpasses to the distance of stratum bed boundary
When going out the investigation depth of logger, it is assumed that stratum is homogeneous anisotropy's medium of infinite thickness, formation resistivity anisotropy
Show as microscopic anisotropy.If the resistivity in vertical bed boundary direction is Rv, the resistivity in parallel bed boundary direction is Rh, can
To derive formation apparent resistivity RaWith horizontal resistivity RhWith vertical resistivity RvRelation：
In formula：For the average resistivity of anisotropic formation, unit is (Ω .m)；θ is hole angle, unit
For (°).
By the theoretical research of above-mentioned resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy, with reference to hole angle, natural gal
Horse and interval transit time log and shale resistivity, shale resistivity are determined by the empirical value in region or contained completely with rock
Resistivity R during wateroApproximate substitution, the total anisotropy coefficient λ of formation resistivity both macro and micro is determined using iterative algorithm, from
And formation resistivity anisotropy correction is carried out, the horizontal resistivity R of target zone true resistance rate can be represented by calculatingh。
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 1, determining total each to different of formation resistivity both macro and micro using iterative algorithm
Property coefficient λ, the horizontal resistivity R of target zone true resistance rate can be represented by calculatinghTo implement step as follows：
(1) the shale bulk volume V in stratum is calculated using Natural Gamma-ray Logging Curvessh,
Wherein, Δ GR is natural potential relative value, and dimensionless, calculated value is decimal；GR is gamma ray log value, and unit is (API)；
GRminFor the natural gamma value of clean sandstone section, unit is (API)；GRmaxFor the natural gamma value of pure shale section, unit is
(API)；GCUR be Xi Erqi coefficients, old stratum 2, the 3rd is new stratum 3.7；VshFor the shale bulk volume in stratum, decimal.
(2) understanding of calmodulin binding domain CaM determines shale resistivity Rsh, it is also possible to resistivity R when rock is completely aqueousoApproximately replace
Generation,Wherein a, m are Archie formula litho-electric parameters, and dimensionless is determined, R by rock-electric test data analysiswFor ground
Layer water resistance rate, unit is (Ω .m), is determined by water analysis data；φ is porosity, decimal, by acoustic travel time logging curve meter
Calculate and determine.
(3) initial value, the shale bulk volume V that surge well bevel angle θ, step (1) are calculated are assigned to anisotropy coefficient λshWith
The shale resistivity R that step (2) is calculatedsh, the horizontal resistivity R of intermediate variable is calculated using formula (1)~(4)h ·, Rh ·=
F (λ, θ, Vsh, Rsh)。
(4) the horizontal resistivity R for calculating anisotropy coefficient λ, hole angle θ and step (3)h ·Formula (4) is substituted into calculate
Go out the formation apparent resistivity R of intermediate variablea ·。
(5) R calculated using step (4)a ·With actual measurement formation resistivity RaCompare, calculate ε, ε=‖ Ra-Ra ·‖.If ε is big
In given error, then performed again since step (3), untill ε meets error requirements, export anisotropy coefficient λ,
And calculate and can represent the horizontal resistivity R of target zone true resistance rateh。
By the theoretical research of resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy, horizontal and vertical resistivity is established
Interpretation chart.As shown in Fig. 2 in horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart, transverse axis is horizontal resistivity and shale resistivity
Ratio, what the longitudinal axis was that a series of solid line represents in vertical resistivity and the ratio of shale resistivity, figure is that shale volume contains
Measure, from right to left shale bulk volume Vsh100% is gradually increased to from 0, what a series of dotted lines were represented is sandstone resistivity and mud
The ratio of rock resistivity, from top to bottom Rsd/RshValue be gradually increased to 1000 Ω .m from 0.1.Figure is analyzed, shale body
Product content VshIt can be calculated and determined using lithologic log curve such as gamma ray log, that is, determine a solid line in figure.Then
Any given A points in this solid line, it is possible to the corresponding horizontal resistivity R of A points is determined from platehAnd vertical resistivity
Rv, then the formation apparent resistivity that formula (4) calculates A points is updated to, and be compared with horizontal well actual measurement resistivity, if both
Difference is larger, then readjusts A points, untill the formation apparent resistivity of A points calculating is close with horizontal well actual measurement resistivity, most
Anisotropy coefficient λ is exported afterwards, and is calculated and can be represented the horizontal resistivity R of target zone true resistance rateh。
In real data processing procedure, the correction of formation resistivity anisotropy is realized by writing program.As shown in figure 3,
High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy correction process interpretation results figure, the anisotropy coefficient of calculating is mainly distributed
Between 1~2.Influenceed by anisotropic, the horizontal resistivity determined after correction is lower than original deep lateral resistivity, with nature
Gamma has good uniformity, and the gas-bearing property of reservoir can be reflected well.Identical litho-electric parameters are used with reference to Archie formula
And formation water resistivity, it is utilized respectively the horizontal resistivity determined after original deep lateral resistivity and correction and calculates containing water saturation
The 8th road black curve is the water saturation that deep lateral resistivity is calculated in degree, figure, and full well section near linear, more than 4250m contains
Water saturation average out to 50%, below 4250m water saturations average out to 45%, full well section is construed to gas-bearing formation, poor gas-bearing formation and done
Layer.The well 3865~3875m, 4026~4036m, 4250~4260m, 4370~4380m, 4480~4490m, 4590~
4600m and 4720~4730m well section perforations, the side of daily gas 5.44 ten thousand, the side of water 20.5.Using deep lateral resistivity calculate it is aqueous
Saturation degree, misfits with gas testing production water conclusion.The water saturation that the horizontal resistivity determined after anisotropy correction is calculated is such as
8th road red curve in figure, correspondence perforated interval 6,9,11,17,22, the water saturation of 25 and No. 28 floor be respectively
59.02%th, 67.29%, 53.61%, 60.64%, 51.47%, 57.49% and 60.56%, while discovery 2,4 and No. 8 floor meters
The water saturation of calculation is respectively 58.82%, 57.39% and 59.01%, binding area Gas water identification boundary, by 2,4,6 and
No. 8 the former of floor explain that conclusion is changed to the same floor of air water from gas-bearing formation.In terms of perforated interval, gas testing water outlet is mainly derived from No. 6 floor, shows
Amended explanation conclusion is coincide with gas testing, illustrates that the horizontal resistivity after anisotropy correction can represent target zone true
Resistivity, can accurately reflect the gas-bearing property feature of reservoir, can apply to horizontal wellbore logging formation evaluation.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to example, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the present invention
Technical scheme modify or equivalent substitution, without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover
Among scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of High angle/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
Step one, according to the parameters of resistivity macroscopic anisotropy and microscopic anisotropy and between correlation,
Set up horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart；
Step 2, according to the analysis to horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart, determines that formation resistivity is grand using iterative algorithm
See and microcosmic total anisotropy coefficient, so as to carry out formation resistivity anisotropy correction, calculate that to represent target zone true
The horizontal resistivity of resistivity；
When horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart is set up in step one, comprise the following steps,
1.1 in High angle/horizontal well, when horizontal well track is deep from the detection with a distance from formation beds less than logger
Degree intersects with formation beds, and logger detection is sand/mud stone alternating layers, and measured value is the synthesis of sandstone and shale resistivity
Information, formation resistivity anisotropy shows as macroscopic anisotropy；Now,
Stratum horizontal resistivity RhIt is expressed as follows,
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Stratum vertical resistivity RvIt is expressed as follows,
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HsdFor sandstone cumulative thickness, unit is m；HshFor mud stone cumulative thickness, unit is m；
1.2 in High angle/horizontal well, when the distance of horizontal well track to stratum bed boundary exceeds the detection of logger
During depth, homogeneous anisotropy medium of the stratum as infinite thickness is regarded, formation resistivity anisotropy shows as microscopic anisotropy；
Then obtain,
Formation apparent resistivity RaIt is expressed as follows,
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Wherein,For the average resistivity of anisotropic formation, unit is Ω .m；θ is hole deviation angular unit degree of being；
1.3 according to step 1.1 and 1.2 macroscopic anisotropys and microscopic anisotropy coefficient and horizontal resistivity, vertical resistivity
With the relation of formation apparent resistivity, the horizontal and vertical resistivity interpretation chart on stratum is set up；
Formation resistivity anisotropy timing is carried out using iterative algorithm in step 2, comprised the following steps,
2.1 obtain the shale bulk volume V in stratum using Natural Gamma-ray Logging CurvesshIt is as follows,
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>V</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
<mi>h</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>C</mi>
<mi>U</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
<mo>&times;</mo>
<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow>
<mi>G</mi>
<mi>C</mi>
<mi>U</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
Wherein,Δ GR is natural potential relative value；GR is gamma ray log value, GRminFor sharp sand
The natural gamma value of rock section, GRmaxFor the natural gamma value of pure shale section；GCUR is Xi Erqi coefficients；
The empirical value of 2.2 calmodulin binding domain CaMs determines shale resistivity Rsh, or with rock it is completely aqueous when resistivity RoApproximate substitution,Wherein, a, m are Archie formula litho-electric parameters, RwFor formation water resistivity, φ is porosity；
2.3 given anisotropy coefficient λ initial values λ=λkAnd assigned error, the shale body that surge well bevel angle θ, step 2.1 are calculated
Product content VshThe shale resistivity R calculated with step 2.2sh, the horizontal resistivity of intermediate variable is obtained according to formula (1)~(4)
Rh ●, Rh ●=f (λ, θ, Vsh, Rsh)；
The 2.4 horizontal resistivity R for obtaining anisotropy coefficient λ, hole angle θ and step 2.3h ●, centre is obtained with reference to formula (4)
The formation apparent resistivity R of variablea ●；
2.5 R calculated using step 2.4a ●With actual measurement formation apparent resistivity RaCompare, calculating ε, ε=| | Ra-Ra ●||；If ε is more than
Assigned error, then λ=λk+1And repeat step 2.3~2.5, until ε meets the requirement of no more than assigned error, output resistance rate
The total anisotropy coefficient λ of both macro and micro, and calculate the horizontal resistivity R for representing target zone true resistance rateh。
2. a kind of High angle according to claim 1/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, its feature exists
In Archie formula litho-electric parameters a and m is determined by rock-electric test data analysis.
3. a kind of High angle according to claim 1/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, its feature exists
In formation water resistivity RwDetermined by water analysis data.
4. a kind of High angle according to claim 1/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, its feature exists
In porosity φ is calculated by acoustic travel time logging curve and determined.
5. a kind of High angle according to claim 1/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, its feature exists
In resistivity calculates porosity by using interval transit time and determined when rock is completely aqueous.
6. a kind of High angle according to claim 1/horizontal well formation resistivity anisotropy bearing calibration, its feature exists
In when taking Xi Erqi coefficient GCUR, old stratum takes 2, and the 3rd is that new stratum takes 3.7.
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| CN109236284B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2022-05-10 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method for determining true resistivity of high and steep stratum through induction and lateral combined measurement |
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