CN105088359B - A kind of brief immersion flax degumming technique - Google Patents
A kind of brief immersion flax degumming technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105088359B CN105088359B CN201510572804.3A CN201510572804A CN105088359B CN 105088359 B CN105088359 B CN 105088359B CN 201510572804 A CN201510572804 A CN 201510572804A CN 105088359 B CN105088359 B CN 105088359B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of brief immersion flax degumming new process, it is related to flax degumming technical field.The present invention is by pretreated flax straw, the dipping of progress short time in degumming liquid, after unnecessary degumming liquid is removed in taking-up leaching, insulation degumming.After degumming, washing and drying, obtains flax fiber.The brief immersion technique of the present invention can reduce by 70% degumming liquid dosage.Use up for existing warm water immersion method flax degumming method, water pollution caused by retted fibre discharging of waste liquid, air pollution problems inherent can be greatly reduced；Applied to the enzymatic degumming of great prospect, retaining enzymatic degumming fiber composition and structure-controllable, on the basis of the advantages that action condition is gentle, due to reducing the dosage of enzyme liquid, can solve the problems, such as that the enzyme preparation for restricting enzymatic degumming industrial applications is of high cost.The brief immersion flax degumming technique of the present invention, technique is simple, and production cost is low, environmentally friendly, and degumming is efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flax degumming field, more particularly to a kind of brief immersion flax degumming technique.
Background technology
Flax is known as " fiber queen ", is a kind of high-quality natural plant fibre, can be with by the history that the mankind are used to weave
Trace back to ancient Egypt's period.Sodolin has the good characteristic such as moisture absorption rapid heat dissipation, good permeability, antibacterial anti-corrosion, antistatic.Will
Acquisition can spin flax fiber, it is necessary to by degumming.Degumming refers to the colloid for destroying connection bast fibre bundle and surrounding tissue so that
Flax fiber and woody part positioned at bast from by degumming removal non-cellulosic material (such as：Pectin, hemicellulose and
Lignin etc.), obtain the ripe flax fiber that soft and fine silk is slided.Degumming is the key link in flax processing, and degumming effect is direct
Influence follow-up flax process such as scutching, comb fiber crops.
The Degumming method used at present in industrial production mainly has rain and dew method and warm water immersion method.External flax degumming is most
Using rain and dew method.Rain and dew method degumming is that flax straw tiling is placed on field, soaks waste of flax by rainwater and dew, passes through day
The enzyme that right aerobic fungi fermentation produces carrys out the colloids such as depolymerized pectin and hemicellulose, realizes degumming.Temperature of the rain and dew method to environment
Degree and humidity have higher requirements.China's most area is limited by geographical location and weather conditions, is unsuitable for using this side
Method.In China, existing flax degumming method is mainly warm water immersion method.Warm water immersion method is that flax straw is placed on retted fibre
Chi Zhong, discharges water and is heated up to 30-32 DEG C, is fermented, is produced based on pectin enzyme system using microorganism natural in water and straw
Enzyme complete degumming.Compared with rain and dew method, warm water immersion method degumming reduces the requirement to environment, but bacterial anaerobic fermentation is planted
Thing material can produce pungent smell, pollute air, while the discharge of a large amount of degumming waste liquids can pollute the water quality of surrounding.
Enzymatic degumming is the research hotspot of flax degumming in recent years.Enzymatic degumming is that the crude enzyme liquid produced with degumming bacterium impregnates
Flax straw；Or it is liquor or pulvis to purify crude enzyme liquid, concentrate, liquor is diluted or pulvis is dissolved in water by when use,
Flax straw, which is immersed in enzyme dilution, carries out enzymolysis method for degumming.Enzymatic degumming has enzyme effect mild condition, degumming composition
With structure-controllable, enzyme reaction is efficient, it is with short production cycle the advantages that.But since the production cost of finished product enzyme preparation is higher, enzyme process
Degumming does not realize large-scale industrial production so far.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, there is provided a kind of brief immersion flax degumming technique, can reduce by 70%
Degumming liquid dosage.Brief immersion technique is used on the basis of the existing warm water immersion method in China, is ensureing the premise of degumming effect
Under, by reducing the dosage of water, production cost can not only be reduced, and it is dirty to solve environment caused by degumming discharging of waste liquid
Dye problem.Brief immersion technique is used on the basis of enzymatic degumming, it is possible to reduce the dosage of enzyme preparation, so as to solve enzymatic degumming
The problem of production cost is high, is conducive to promote the industrialized production of enzymatic degumming.
The used to achieve the above object technical solution of the present invention is：
Pretreated flax straw, the dipping of short time is carried out in degumming liquid, after unnecessary degumming liquid is removed in taking-up leaching, is protected
Warm degumming.After degumming, washing and drying, obtains flax fiber.
The raw ramie pretreatment, refers to after flax of harvest is rinsed with water, by waste of flax with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath ratio
It is placed in water, when immersion 9-12 is small at room temperature.
The brief immersion, which refers to pretreated raw ramie being placed in degumming liquid, to be impregnated 5-30 minutes, and weight is drenched after taking-up
- 1 minute 30 seconds, remove unnecessary degumming liquid.
The insulation degumming refers at a temperature of 30-45 DEG C, carries out insulation degumming.
The washing and drying refers to the flax for completing degumming washing off degumming liquid repeatedly with water, in 80-100 DEG C of temperature
The lower drying of degree.
In the present invention, the degumming liquid, both can use warm water immersion method used in tap water, underground water, naturally
Water（River, river water, lake water etc.）, the finished product enzyme preparation such as pectase, hemicellulase can also be used, mixing enzyme preparation, enzyme is dilute
Release liquid and other degumming liquids prepared.
In the present invention, the degumming liquid, can add nitrogen source, such as urea, ammonium sulfate etc. thereto；Chelating agent, such as second
Edetate disodium, ammonium oxalate etc.；Bleeding agent, such as sodium polyphosphate.
In the present invention, raw ramie pretreatment, can add and the mechanical treatment such as roll.
The invention has the advantages that by brief immersion process, straw is taken out after fully absorbing degumming liquid, avoid
The method that straw must be immersed in degumming in a large amount of degumming liquids always in traditional Degumming method.This brief immersion flax degumming
Technique, while degumming effect is ensured, reduces the dosage of 70% degumming liquid.Applied to warm water immersion degumming, can avoid taking off
A large amount of discharges of glue waste liquid, meet environmentally protective requirement；Applied to enzymatic degumming, the dosage of enzyme preparation is reduced, so as to save
About production cost, is conducive to the industrialized production of enzymatic degumming.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.Detailed description below is merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright, the scope of the present invention is not limited to, following embodiment of the invention can also make a variety of changes.Reading this
After invention, modification of the those skilled in the art to the various equivalent forms of the present invention falls within the application appended claims institute
The scope of restriction.
Embodiment 1
Take the flax straw of harvest to be handled with roller, make skin breakage, after being rinsed with water, with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath
Than soak in water 9 it is small when.Pretreated flax straw is placed in water, is impregnated 20 minutes, leaching weighs 1 minute, and it is unnecessary to remove
Water, measure water consumption 33.4%.Degumming is kept the temperature at 30 DEG C.By 96 it is small when, degumming complete.Rinsed, removed de- repeatedly with water
Glue, the heat drying at 80 DEG C, obtains flax fiber.
The control experiment carried out at the same time, does not use brief immersion technique, when the degumming deadline is 96 small.
Embodiment 2
The flax straw of harvest is taken, after being rinsed with water, with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath than in water immersion 10 it is small when.Will be pre-
Flax straw after processing is placed in the 4g/L alkaline pectase enzymes solns that with the addition of 0.2% ammonium oxalate, is impregnated 10 minutes,
Leaching weighs 30 seconds, measures enzyme liquid consumption 26.7%.Degumming is kept the temperature at 45 DEG C.By 48 it is small when, degumming complete.Rinsed repeatedly with water,
Enzyme liquid is removed, the heat drying at 80 DEG C, obtains flax fiber.
The control experiment carried out at the same time, does not use brief immersion technique, when the degumming deadline is 40 small.
Embodiment 3
The flax straw of harvest is taken, after being rinsed with water, with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath than in water immersion 10 it is small when.Will be pre-
Flax straw after processing is placed in the water that with the addition of 2g/L urea, is impregnated 30 minutes, and leaching weighs 30 seconds, measures aqueous solution of urea
Consumption is 28.4%.Degumming is kept the temperature at 35 DEG C.By 100 it is small when, degumming complete.Rinsed repeatedly with water, remove degumming liquid,
The heat drying at 100 DEG C, obtains flax fiber.
The control experiment carried out at the same time, does not use brief immersion technique, when the degumming deadline is 96 small.
Embodiment 4
The flax straw of harvest is taken, after being rinsed with water, with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath than in water immersion 12 it is small when.Will be pre-
Flax straw after processing is placed in the polygalacturonase formulation soln of 4g/L, is impregnated 5 minutes, and leaching weighs 30 seconds, measures enzyme
Liquid consumption 25.7%.Degumming is kept the temperature at 36 DEG C.By 36 it is small when, degumming complete.Enzyme liquid is washed off repeatedly with water, at 90 DEG C
Lower heat drying, obtains flax fiber.
The control experiment carried out at the same time, does not use brief immersion technique, when the degumming deadline is 48 small.
Embodiment 5
The flax straw of harvest is taken, after being rinsed with water, with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath than in water immersion 10 it is small when.Will be pre-
Flax straw after processing is placed in 2g/L zytases and 3g/L polygalacturonase mixing enzyme preparation solution, impregnates 5 points
Clock, leaching weigh 30 seconds, measure mixed enzyme solution consumption 27.4%.Degumming is kept the temperature at 37 DEG C.By 24 it is small when, degumming complete.Use water
Enzyme liquid is washed off repeatedly, and the heat drying at 80 DEG C, obtains flax fiber.
The control experiment carried out at the same time, does not use brief immersion technique, when the degumming deadline is 24 small.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of brief immersion flax degumming technique, it is characterized in that：Pretreated flax straw, carries out in short-term in degumming liquid
Between dipping, take out after leaching removes unnecessary degumming liquid, keep the temperature degumming, after degumming, washing and drying, obtains flax fiber；
The raw ramie pretreatment, refers to after flax of harvest is rinsed with water, by waste of flax with 1:20（w/v）Water-bath ratio be placed in
In water, when immersion 10 is small at room temperature；
The dipping of the short time, which refers to pretreated raw ramie being placed in degumming liquid, to be impregnated 5 minutes, is drenched after taking-up and is weighed 30
Second, remove unnecessary degumming liquid；
The insulation degumming refers at a temperature of 37 DEG C, carry out insulation degumming；
The washing and drying refers to the flax for completing degumming washing off degumming liquid repeatedly with water, is done at a temperature of 80 DEG C
It is dry；
The degumming liquid is 2g/L zytases and 3g/L polygalacturonase mixing enzyme solutions.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105734684A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-06 | 河北国轩麻纤维开发有限公司 | Degumming agent special for ramie and preparation method and application of degumming agent |
| CN107675270B (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-10-02 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of method that echelon utilizes crudefiber crop bast raw material |
| CN108044758B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-12-28 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of resource utilization method of waste agronomic crop bast raw material |
| CN109267157B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2021-01-26 | 山东滨州亚光毛巾有限公司 | Green degumming process for hemp husks |
| CN109989114A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-07-09 | 常州市雄图纺织有限公司 | A kind of method of flax degumming |
| CN110983449A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-04-10 | 沈金标 | Clean and environment-friendly flax degumming method |
| CN113684542A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-23 | 穆棱市金泰恒亚麻纺织有限公司 | Flax yarn fiber refining and impurity removing process |
| CN117779210A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-03-29 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Salt dissolving degumming method for hemp/straw |
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| CN101649494A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-17 | 吴鹏 | Novel biological degumming agent for ramie raw materials |
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| CN1174127C (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2004-11-03 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | High-effect bacterial preparation process for degumming or pulping used in herb fibre factory |
| CN101235357B (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2010-07-21 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Industrial fermentation ramee rapid extraction technique for Erwinia |
| CN101503829B (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2011-01-12 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Industrialized biological degumming technique for kenaf bast fiber |
| CN102747435B (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2014-06-04 | 王福喜 | Biological bacterial degumming method for raw hemp |
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| CN101649494A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-17 | 吴鹏 | Novel biological degumming agent for ramie raw materials |
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| 一种碱性果胶酶亚麻脱胶工艺研究;王路等;《上海纺织科技》;20130818;第41卷(第8期);第13-15页 * |
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