CN105088024A - Automobile welding fixture alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile welding fixture alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105088024A CN105088024A CN201510530243.0A CN201510530243A CN105088024A CN 105088024 A CN105088024 A CN 105088024A CN 201510530243 A CN201510530243 A CN 201510530243A CN 105088024 A CN105088024 A CN 105088024A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automobile welding fixture alloy material and a preparation method thereof and relates to fixture material improvement and preparation technology. An Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy is selected to replace traditional materials such as Q235 steel and the like for fixture manufacture. The automobile welding fixture alloy material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages as follows: the Al alloy is light, so that the fixture made of the Al alloy, especially a handheld fixture is convenient for a worker to operate, transport and transfer and is more suitable for distribution and movement in a workshop; meanwhile, a hypereutectic Al-Si alloy has higher wear resistance and lower thermal expansion coefficient, the temperature change of the north in four seasons of the year is large, and by means of the low thermal expansion coefficient, higher dimensional precision of the fixture can be guaranteed and the problem of unstable body-in-white matching caused by change of the fixture size is solved; with the addition of trace elements including Cu, Mg, Cr and Mo and the application of hot extrusion technology, the strength of the Al-Si alloy is greatly improved, and the Al-Si alloy meets the use demand of the fixture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the welding equipment workshop clamp art of automobile, a kind of auto welding jig alloy material of concrete finger and preparation method thereof, while reduction fixture overall weight, utilize a kind of novel preparation method to ensure intensity and the wear resistance thereof of fixture, realize the lightweight of fixture.
Background technology
On the production line of motor vehicle assembling factory, welding equipment workshop belongs to necessary production link.The fixture general requirement of welding has the features such as good wear resistance, intensity is high, volume stability is good.The material of current auto welding jig is Q235 steel and No. 45 steel substantially, due to himself preponderance, many manpower and materials are wasted in large-scale jig transportation, the inconvenient operative of Handheld clamp, cause weld parts difficulty, have larger impact to the size of part and the coupling of body in white; Simultaneously because this shortcoming being not easy to transport causes the layout of factory building and the processing of part to be subject to all restrictions, add extra cost.Simultaneously because extra weight adds oil consumption when fixture transports, do not meet the theme of society low-carbon environment-friendly yet.And the thermal expansivity of steel is relatively large, when temperature variation is violent, the size of the fixture of Q235 steel or No. 45 steel works is used to have certain change.At present, have the geographical position seasonal temperature difference residing for many car load factories comparatively large, the change of grip size causes the fluctuation of body in white size, and the control for complete vehicle quality brings larger difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of under the guarantee intensity of fixture and the prerequisite of wear resistance, reduce clamp weight, be convenient to transport and the transfer of fixture, ensure auto welding jig alloy material of the dimensional stability of fixture and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of auto welding jig alloy material, is characterized in that: described welding settings alloy material composition is Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy.
The present invention is specifically: the composition in alloy by weight percentage: Si is 18%; Cu is 3.5%; Mg is 0.5%; Cr is 0.5%; Mo is 0.5%; Impurity summation≤0.5%; Surplus is Al.
The present invention also comprises a kind of preparation method of auto welding jig alloy material, it is characterized in that: first fine aluminium and aluminium silicon master alloy are put into crucible, in smelting furnace after fusing, add pure magnesium, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener and aluminium molybdenum master alloy and carry out melting, the smelting temperature of metal is 710 ~ 720 DEG C, and smelting time is for melting clearly; Add refining agent during melting is C simultaneously
2cl
6, add-on is 0.5% of molten metal total mass, is pressed into molten metal in powder form and stirs; The composition of molten metal is by weight percentage: silicon is 18%; Cu is 3.5%; Mg is 0.5%; Cr is 0.5%; Mo is 0.5%, impurity summation≤0.5%; Surplus is aluminium; Then refining is carried out to molten metal, skims after insulation 10 ~ 15min, be incubated 10min again after to pour into preheating temperature be make billet in the metal die of 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
Hot extrusion complete processing: by warm up time 2h, preheating temperature is that the billet of 400 ~ 450 DEG C puts into preheated feeding thorax, then extrusion machine is utilized to be expressed to by billet in the middle of the metal die die cavity that temperature is 450-500 DEG C, metal die 2h warm up time, the strain rate that extrusion head is advanced is 0.1s
-1, extrusion ratio is 20MPa ~ 120MPa, is prepared into Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy billet.
It is mineral oil that the present invention also comprises the lubricant that extruding adopts.
The present invention is also included on metal die and scribbles release coating.
At 720 DEG C of melting fine aluminiums and Al-26Si master alloy, melt and add Al-50Cu, Al-10Cr, Al-10Mo and pure Mg clearly afterwards.
Hypereutectic Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy light weight of the present invention, have good wear resistance, low thermal coefficient of expansion and better volume stability, the advantage of these several transcocrystallized Al-Si alloies all meets feature needed for fixture.Aluminium alloy light weight, the Handheld clamp using aluminium alloy to make is convenient to operative and transport, has significantly saved manpower and materials, has reduced production cost and cycle, improve the efficiency of work; Secondly, transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy has excellent volume stability, ensure that the dimensional stability of fixture when northern area low temperature, avoids because low temperature causes grip size to change, cause tolerance to add up, the problem that body in white coupling is unstable.But transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy due to silicone content higher, make in the tissue of alloy, to have occurred the primary silicon phase of thick bulk and the eutectic silicon of lath-shaped, the wedge angle of bulk hard phase causes stress concentration, the intensity of alloy is reduced, and weakens the processing characteristics of alloy.Therefore, with the addition of the trace elements such as Cu, Mg, Cr and Mo, improve the tissue of alloy, add the intensity of alloy, have selected hot extrusion complete processing simultaneously, make the primary silicon of bulk in alloy become tiny mutually, improve the pattern of tissue, add the intensity of alloy, improve the processing characteristics of alloy, and further increase the wear resistance of alloy.
By the enforcement of technical scheme of the present invention, method is simple, is convenient to control, can ensures intensity and the wear resistance of novel clamp material, reduce the weight of fixture, improve the dimensional stability of fixture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is hot extrusion structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is hypereutectic Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy hot working chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is hypereutectic Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy billet microstructure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is microstructure schematic diagram after hypereutectic Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy of the present invention hot extrusion;
Fig. 5 is process forming process schematic of the present invention.
Reference numeral illustrates: 1. extrusion head, 2. blank, 3. feeding thorax, 4. mould.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing by example, be described in further detail the present invention, but following example is only example of the present invention, do not represent the rights protection scope that the present invention limits, the scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention adopts Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy as the alloy material of fixture, the preparation method of this alloy material first adopts gravitational casting to make required Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy billet, fine aluminium and aluminium silicon master alloy are put into crucible, in smelting furnace after fusing, add pure magnesium, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener and aluminium molybdenum master alloy and carry out melting, the smelting temperature of metal is 710 ~ 720 DEG C, and smelting time is for melting clearly; Add refining agent during melting is C simultaneously
2cl
6, add-on is 0.5% of molten metal total mass, is pressed into molten metal in powder form and stirs; The composition of molten metal is by weight percentage: silicon is 18%; Cu is 3.5%; Mg is 0.5%; Cr is 0.5%; Mo is 0.5%, impurity summation≤0.5%; Surplus is aluminium; Then refining is carried out to molten metal, skims after insulation 10 ~ 15min, be incubated 10min again after to pour into preheating temperature be make billet in the metal die of 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
Hot extrusion complete processing: by warm up time 2h, preheating temperature is that the billet of 400 ~ 450 DEG C puts into preheated feeding thorax, then extrusion machine is utilized to be expressed to by billet in the middle of the metal die die cavity that temperature is 450-500 DEG C, metal die 2h warm up time, the strain rate that extrusion head is advanced is 0.1s
-1, extrusion ratio is 20MPa ~ 120MPa, and lubricant adopts mineral oil, be prepared into Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy billet.
For ensureing the thawing of molten metal, and reduce other element oxide amounts, the teeming temperature of liquid metal is 710 ~ 720 DEG C; In order to prevent die steel tempering, die temperature is 200 ~ 300 DEG C; Metal die diameter is Φ 130mm, and metal die also scribbles release coating; Be highly 80mm.
Alloy billet is taken out in metal die, billet outer oxide skin is fallen in turning, then in holding furnace, be incubated for some time, make it be organized in design temperature and be issued to stable, now Plastic Deformation is good, resistance to deformation is low, extruding hot extrude pressure subsequently is significantly reduced, also makes the unit load of mould reduce, simultaneously also by mould and the preheating simultaneously of feeding thorax, avoid temperature in blank extrusion process sharply to reduce, affect squeezing effect.Related process parameters: blank preheating temperature 400 ~ 450 DEG C, feeding thorax and mold preheating temperature 450 DEG C, soaking time 2h.
Fig. 1 is hot extrusion structural representation, and blank 2 is clamp-oned feeding thorax 3 by the preheated rear extrusion head 1 of blank, then by mould 4, blank is obtained final clamp material by large extrusion ratio distortion.In the process, because deformation extent is comparatively large, alloy structure improves more, after recovery and recrystallization, organizes rounding more, and then promotes alloy strength.Related process parameters: the diameter of billet is Φ 128mm, is highly 80mm, extrusion ratio 120MPa, extrusion head racking strain speed 0.1s
-1, extrusion process adopts lubricant to be mineral oil.Whole technological process of the present invention as shown in Figure 5.
Below only with new material alloy hot extrusion molding process explanation problem.
The processing parameter of hot extrusion has the hot compression test of alloy to obtain, and Fig. 2 is the alloy hot working chart of this material, and the shadow region in Fig. 2 is the region of processing unstability, the more high more applicable hot-work of the numerical value on isopleth.As seen from the figure, this alloy is in high texturing temperature, and during middle strain rate, the hot workability of alloy is higher.But due to texturing temperature be 450 ~ 500 DEG C time, working diagram major part is by unstability region overlay, so by the analysis of hot working chart, can know that this alloy is 400 ~ 450 DEG C in temperature, strain rate is 0.1s
-1the thermal deformation techniques such as Shi Jinhang hot extrude, hot rolling, forge hot are more rational.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the photo of alloy microscopic structure before and after hot extrusion technique, and significantly can find out that primary silicon quantity under the effect of alloy dynamic recovery and recrystallization reduces, pattern improves; Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys also becomes granular from obvious version strip, weakens the situation of wedge angle stress concentration, and simultaneously under the effect of large extrusion ratio, the defects such as the shrinkage porosite in alloy structure, shrinkage cavity, also by seam, significantly put forward heavy alloyed intensity.The mechanical property of novel material and Q235 steel and thermal expansivity contrast in table 1.
Table 1
| Clamp material | Yield strength (MPa) | Thermal expansivity (20 ~ 200 DEG C) | Density (g/cm 3） |
| Novel material | 239.32 | About 2.0x10 -5 | 2.6 |
| Q235 steel | 235 | About 1.2x10 -5 | 7.85 |
Claims (5)
1. an auto welding jig alloy material, is characterized in that: described welding settings alloy material composition is Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy.
2. auto welding jig alloy material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the composition in alloy by weight percentage: Si is 18%; Cu is 3.5%; Mg is 0.5%; Cr is 0.5%; Mo is 0.5%; Impurity summation≤0.5%; Surplus is Al.
3. the preparation method of an auto welding jig alloy material, it is characterized in that: first fine aluminium and aluminium silicon master alloy are put into crucible, in smelting furnace after fusing, add pure magnesium, aluminum bronze intermediate alloy, aluminium chromium hardener and aluminium molybdenum master alloy and carry out melting, the smelting temperature of metal is 710 ~ 720 DEG C, and smelting time is for melting clearly; Add refining agent during melting is C simultaneously
2cl
6, add-on is 0.5% of molten metal total mass, is pressed into molten metal in powder form and stirs; The composition of molten metal is by weight percentage: silicon is 18%; Cu is 3.5%; Mg is 0.5%; Cr is 0.5%; Mo is 0.5%, impurity summation≤0.5%; Surplus is aluminium; Then refining is carried out to molten metal, skims after insulation 10 ~ 15min, be incubated 10min again after to pour into preheating temperature be make billet in the metal die of 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
Hot extrusion complete processing: by warm up time 2h, preheating temperature is that the billet of 400 ~ 450 DEG C puts into preheated feeding thorax, then extrusion machine is utilized to be expressed to by billet in the middle of the metal die die cavity that temperature is 450-500 DEG C, metal die 2h warm up time, the strain rate that extrusion head is advanced is 0.1s
-1, extrusion ratio is 20MPa ~ 120MPa, is prepared into Al-18Si-3.5Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Cr-0.5Mo alloy billet.
4. the preparation method of auto welding jig alloy material according to claim 3, is characterized in that: extruding the lubricant adopted is mineral oil.
5. the preparation method of auto welding jig alloy material according to claim 3, is characterized in that: on metal die, scribble release coating.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108118214A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 赛克思液压科技股份有限公司 | A kind of valve processing clamp |
| CN109913712A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-21 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Prepare the alloy material of automobile air conditioner compressor connecting rod |
| CN110899357A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 上海交通大学 | Hot processing method of industrial pure aluminum |
| CN112784876A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 恒大新能源汽车投资控股集团有限公司 | Vehicle size matching system and method |
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| CN102397905A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-04-04 | 沈阳工业大学 | Hot extrusion forming method for hypereutectic Al-Si alloy |
| US20130004364A1 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2013-01-03 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Al-based bearing alloy |
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| CN101629251A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-20 | 贵州红林机械有限公司 | Method for smelting high-silicon aluminum alloy |
| US20130004364A1 (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2013-01-03 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Al-based bearing alloy |
| CN102397905A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-04-04 | 沈阳工业大学 | Hot extrusion forming method for hypereutectic Al-Si alloy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108118214A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-05 | 赛克思液压科技股份有限公司 | A kind of valve processing clamp |
| CN109913712A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-21 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Prepare the alloy material of automobile air conditioner compressor connecting rod |
| CN110899357A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 上海交通大学 | Hot processing method of industrial pure aluminum |
| CN112784876A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 恒大新能源汽车投资控股集团有限公司 | Vehicle size matching system and method |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |