Summary of the invention
In order to seek the novel method for synthesizing of coumarin derivatives, present inventor has performed deep research and exploration, after having paid enough creative works, thus completing the present invention.
Specifically, technical scheme of the present invention and content relate to the synthetic method of coumarin derivatives shown in a kind of following formula (III), described method comprises: under nitrogen atmosphere, following formula (I) compound, following formula (II) compound, catalyzer, promotor and auxiliary agent is added in organic solvent, then stirring reaction 5-8 hour at 70-90 DEG C, then through aftertreatment, described formula (III) compound is obtained
Wherein, R
1, R
2be selected from H, C independently of one another
1-C
6alkyl or halogen;
R
3, R
4be selected from C independently of one another
1-C
6alkyl, not replace or with substituent phenyl, described substituting group is C
1-C
6alkoxy or halogen.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described C
1-C
6the implication of alkyl refers to the straight or branched alkyl with 1-6 carbon atom, such as can be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl-, the tertiary butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl or n-hexyl etc. in non-limiting manner.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described C
1-C
6alkoxyl group refers to " C defined above
1-C
6alkyl " be connected with O atom after group.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the implication of described halogen refers to haloid element, non-exclusively such as can be F, Cl, Br or I.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described catalyzer is ruthenium compound and Bu
2the mixture of SnIH (dibutyl iodine tin hydride), wherein ruthenium compound and Bu
2the mol ratio of SnIH is 1:3.
Wherein, described ruthenium compound is any one in ruthenocene, triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride, four carbonyl diurethane chlorination two rutheniums or hydroxy chloride ruthenium, most preferably is triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described promotor is organocopper compound, and it is selected from venus crystals (Cu (OAc)
2), copper trifluoromethanesulfcomposite (Cu (OTf)
2), acetylacetone copper (Cu (acac)
2) or trifluoroacetic acid copper (Cu (TFA)
2) in any one, most preferably be acetylacetone copper (Cu (acac)
2).
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described auxiliary agent is any one in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate, most preferably is 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described organic solvent is the mixture of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)); Wherein, the volume ratio of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane and DMSO is 1:2-3, such as, can be 1:2,1:2.5 or 1:3.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the consumption of described organic solvent is not particularly limited, those skilled in the art can select suitable consumption, reacting balance is such as made to carry out, or aftertreatment is easy to the amount of carrying out, this belongs to ordinary skill in the art means, and this is no longer going to repeat them.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and formula (II) compound is 1:1.4-2, in non-limiting manner such as can 1:1.4,1:1.6,1:1.8 or 1:2.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and catalyzer is 1:0.08-0.14, i.e. the mole dosage of described formula (I) compound and the ruthenium compound of the described catalyzer of composition and Bu
2the ratio of total mole dosage of SnIH is 1:0.08-0.14, such as, can be 1:0.08,1:0.1,1:0.12 or 1:0.14.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and promotor is 1:0.2-0.3, such as, can be 1:0.2,1:0.25 or 1:0.3.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and auxiliary agent is 1:0.1-0.15, such as, can be 1:0.1,1:0.12,1:0.14 or 1:0.15.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the aftertreatment that reaction terminates is specific as follows: after reaction terminates, by reaction mixture filtered while hot, filtrate naturally cools to room temperature, then adds deionized water and fully vibrate, add chloroform more fully to extract 2-3 time, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, crosses silica gel flash column chromatography by gained residue, with volume ratio be the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate of 1:2 and acetone as elutriant, thus obtain described formula (III) compound.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of synthetic method of coumarin derivatives, the method by the comprehensive selection of catalyzer, promotor, auxiliary agent and organic solvent with collaborative, thus high yield can obtain object product, in synthesis field, organic synthesis field especially medicine intermediate, there are industrial application value and production potential widely.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail; but the purposes of these exemplary embodiments and object are only used for exemplifying the present invention; not any type of any restriction is formed to real protection scope of the present invention, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
Embodiment 1
Under room temperature, under nitrogen atmosphere, (be 1 of volume ratio 1:2 to appropriate organic solvent, the mixture of 4-dioxane and DMSO) in, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 140mmol above formula (II) compound, 8mmol catalyzer (be the Bu of 2mmol triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and 6mmol
2the mixture of SnIH), 20mmol accelerant C u (acac)
2with 10mmol auxiliary agent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate; Then 70 DEG C are warming up to and stirring reaction 8 hours at such a temperature;
After reaction terminates, by reaction mixture filtered while hot, filtrate naturally cools to room temperature, then adds deionized water and fully vibrate, then adds chloroform and fully extract 2-3 time, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, crosses silica gel flash column chromatography by gained residue, is that the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate of 1:2 and acetone is as elutriant with volume ratio, thus obtaining above formula (III) compound, productive rate is 97.6%.
1HNMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ2.29(s,3H),6.99(s,1H),7.08-7.16(m,4H),7.18-7.22(m,3H),7.28-7.37(m,5H)。
Embodiment 2
Under room temperature, under nitrogen atmosphere, (be 1 of volume ratio 1:2.5 to appropriate organic solvent, the mixture of 4-dioxane and DMSO) in, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 170mmol above formula (II) compound, 11mmol catalyzer (be the Bu of 2.75mmol triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and 8.25mmol
2the mixture of SnIH), 25mmol accelerant C u (acac)
2with 12mmol auxiliary agent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate; Then 80 DEG C are warming up to and stirring reaction 6 hours at such a temperature;
After reaction terminates, by reaction mixture filtered while hot, filtrate naturally cools to room temperature, then adds deionized water and fully vibrate, then adds chloroform and fully extract 2-3 time, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, crosses silica gel flash column chromatography by gained residue, is that the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate of 1:2 and acetone is as elutriant with volume ratio, thus obtaining above formula (III) compound, productive rate is 97.3%.
1HNMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ6.88-6.96(m,2H),7.02-7.13(m,6H),7.18-7.24(m,2H),7.45(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.56-7.59(m,1H)。
Embodiment 3
Under room temperature, under nitrogen atmosphere, (be 1 of volume ratio 1:3 to appropriate organic solvent, the mixture of 4-dioxane and DMSO) in, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 200mmol above formula (II) compound, 14mmol catalyzer (be the Bu of 3.5mmol triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and 10.5mmol
2the mixture of SnIH), 30mmol accelerant C u (acac)
2with 15mmol auxiliary agent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate; Then 90 DEG C are warming up to and stirring reaction 5 hours at such a temperature;
After reaction terminates, by reaction mixture filtered while hot, filtrate naturally cools to room temperature, then adds deionized water and fully vibrate, then adds chloroform and fully extract 2-3 time, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, crosses silica gel flash column chromatography by gained residue, is that the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate of 1:2 and acetone is as elutriant with volume ratio, thus obtaining above formula (III) compound, productive rate is 97.2%.
1HNMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ3.77(s,3H),3.82(s,3H),6.73-6.76(m,2H),6.83-6.89(m,2H),7.04-7.08(m,4H),7.17-7.23(m,1H),7.27-7.31(m,1H),7.39-7.45(m,1H),7.48-7.53(m,1H)。
Embodiment 4
Under room temperature, under nitrogen atmosphere, to appropriate organic solvent (for volume ratio 1:2.5 Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-
The mixture of dioxane and DMSO) in, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 160mmol above formula (II) compound, 10mmol catalyzer (be the Bu of 2.5mmol triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and 7.5mmol
2the mixture of SnIH), 25mmol accelerant C u (acac)
2with 12mmol auxiliary agent 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate; Then 75 DEG C are warming up to and stirring reaction 6 hours at such a temperature;
After reaction terminates, by reaction mixture filtered while hot, filtrate naturally cools to room temperature, then adds deionized water and fully vibrate, then adds chloroform and fully extract 2-3 time, merge organic phase, concentrating under reduced pressure, crosses silica gel flash column chromatography by gained residue, is that the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate of 1:2 and acetone is as elutriant with volume ratio, thus obtaining above formula (III) compound (" n-Bu " is normal-butyl), productive rate is 97.4%.
1HNMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ0.98(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.02(t,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.44-1.62(m,8H),2.65(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.83(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.25-7.33(m,2H),7.44-7.48(m,1H),7.59(dd,J
1=8.0Hz,J
2=1.2Hz,1H)。
Embodiment 5-24
Embodiment 5-8: except replacing with except ruthenocene by the triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride in catalyzer, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 5-8.
Embodiment 9-12: except being replaced with by the triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride in catalyzer except four carbonyl diurethane chlorination two rutheniums, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 9-12.
Embodiment 13-16: except replacing with except hydroxy chloride ruthenium by the triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride in catalyzer, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 13-16.
Embodiment 17-20: except catalyzer being replaced with one-component triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride that consumption is the total consumption sum of original two kinds of components, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 17-20.
Embodiment 21-24: except catalyzer is replaced with the one-component Bu that consumption is the total consumption sum of original two kinds of components
2outside SnIH, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment and obtains embodiment 21-24.
The results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1
"--" represents not exist.
As can be seen here, in ruthenium compound, triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride has best effect.Also can find out to only have and use triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and Bu simultaneously
2during the composite catalyst of SnIH, just can obtain excellent technique effect of the present invention; And when being used alone triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride or Bu
2during SnIH, productive rate all will be caused to have significant reduction, be especially used alone Bu
2during SnIH, productive rate sharply reduces.Demonstrate triphenylphosphine ruthenium chloride and Bu thus
2unique concerted catalysis effect can be played between SnIH.
Embodiment 25-40
Embodiment 25-28: except promotor is replaced with Cu (OAc)
2outward, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 25-28.
Embodiment 29-32: except promotor is replaced with Cu (OTf)
2outward, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 29-32.
Embodiment 33-36: except promotor is replaced with Cu (TFA)
2outward, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 33-36.
Embodiment 37-40: except dispensing promotor, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 37-40.
The results are shown in following table 2.
Table 2
"--" represents not exist.
As can be seen here, acetylacetone copper (Cu (acac)
2) there is best facilitation effect, other copper compound all causes product decrease to some degree, and when not making used additives, productive rate reduces more obvious, this demonstrate that acetylacetone copper (Cu (acac)
2) there is beyond thought promotion synergy.
Embodiment 41-48
Embodiment 41-44: except auxiliary agent being replaced with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 41-44.
Embodiment 45-48: except dispensing auxiliary agent, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 45-48.
The results are shown in following table 3.
Table 3
"--" represents not exist.
As can be seen here, the existence of auxiliary agent can significantly improve products collection efficiency, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole trifluoroacetate has best auxiliaring effect.
Embodiment 49-56
Embodiment 49-52: except organic solvent being replaced with one-component Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 49-52.
Embodiment 53-56: except being replaced with by organic solvent except one-component DMSO, other operation is all constant, thus is repeated embodiment 1-4, obtains embodiment 53-56.
The results are shown in following table 4.
Table 4
As can be seen here, when using single solvent, productive rate decrease to some degree, this proves the two-pack organic solvent only having use Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-dioxane and DMSO, just can obtain excellent effect of the present invention.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of synthetic method of coumarin derivatives, the method by the comprehensive selection of catalyzer, promotor, auxiliary agent and organic solvent with collaborative, thus high yield can obtain object product, in synthesis field, organic synthesis field especially medicine intermediate, there are industrial application value and production potential widely.
Should be appreciated that the purposes of these embodiments is only not intended to for illustration of the present invention limit the scope of the invention.In addition; also should understand; after having read technology contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various change, amendment and/or modification to the present invention, and these all equivalent form of values fall within the protection domain that the application's appended claims limits equally.