CN105085138B - The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane - Google Patents
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane Download PDFInfo
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- CN105085138B CN105085138B CN201410209261.4A CN201410209261A CN105085138B CN 105085138 B CN105085138 B CN 105085138B CN 201410209261 A CN201410209261 A CN 201410209261A CN 105085138 B CN105085138 B CN 105085138B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of purification of high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane, it is characterised in that removes the impurity in raw material n-hexane by processes such as modified active carbon adsorptions, obtains high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane.The method of purification of high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane provided by the invention, it can obtain purity >=99% (wt) n-hexane, meet the high-purity requirement of chromatographic grade reagent, the n-hexane for enabling purification to obtain is applied to the fields such as chromatography, chromatographic isolation, chromatogram preparation, expands application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solvent purifications field, more particularly to a kind of method of purification of high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane.
Background technology
N-hexane is one of widest varsol of purposes on present industrial, and most representational nonpolar molten
Agent, all kinds of hydro carbons and halogenated hydrocarbons can be dissolved, in edible oil, printing-ink, leather, agricultural chemicals, insecticide, rubber, cosmetics, perfume (or spice)
All many-sides such as material, chemical industry polymerization, medical and electronic unit cleaning have been widely used.At present industrially from natural vapour
Rectifying obtains the technical grade normal hexane product that purity is 60~80% (wt) in oil, direct steaming gasoline and light component, wherein containing boiling
The impurity such as hydro carbons and water similar in point.Due to the boiling point of impurity close with n-hexane (such as 69 DEG C of n-hexane boiling point, methyl cyclopentane
71.8 DEG C), want to improve the purity of n-hexane, it is difficult to realize impurity removing by conventional distillation.According to precise distillation
With special extract rectification technique, high energy consumption be present, production cost is high, and yield is low, and the shortcomings of production process complexity, this also results in China
High-purity n-hexane relies on import.The report on obtaining high-purity n-hexane by absorption purification domestic at present is very few, application
Number it is
200910068762.4 patent discloses the method that n-hexane is purified by zeolite adsorption, the n-hexane after purification
Purity >=98% (wt), the purity can not still meet the high-purity requirement of industrial application, and method of purification need to be improved further.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of to improve the organic of n-hexane purity
The method of purification of solvent hexane.
To realize object above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, after adding oxidant progress oxidation processes thereto, distills out n-hexane；For removing original
Expect the unsaturated hydrocarbons impurity in n-hexane.
B. the above-mentioned n-hexane distilled out is passed through adsorbent post equipped with modified activated carbon and carries out adsorption treatment, for except
Go to aoxidize the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process for removing and containing benzene ring substance etc.；Obtain purity >=99%
(wt) high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane.Due to the group that carbon-carbon double bond is absorbable ultraviolet-visible, so removing carbon containing carbon
The n-hexane translucent effect of the organic compound of double bond is also improved.
Preferably, the oxidant includes potassium permanganate, sodium peroxydisulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate or peroxide.Wherein, peroxide
Compound includes but is not limited to hydrogen peroxide.
Preferably, in the step a, add oxidant before, be separately added into raw material n-hexane sulfuric acid solution and
Salpeter solution, shake, after stratification, discard water layer, retain organic layer.
Preferably, the sulfuric acid volumetric concentration of itself is 10%~30%；The nitric acid volumetric concentration of itself is
30%~65%；The volume ratio of the sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:1-3:1.
Preferably, in the step a, add before oxidant, porous material is added into raw material n-hexane as lived
Property carbon, molecular sieve or zeolite, stir 1~2 hour.Raw material n-hexane is attached to the surface of activated carbon, molecular sieve or zeolite, increase
Oxidizer and the contact area of raw material n-hexane.Activated carbon, molecular sieve or zeolite can also play catalysis in the oxidation reaction and make
With for improving the effect of oxidation, reducing the dosage of oxidant.
Preferably, in the step a, after adding oxidant, flow back 0.5~3 hour.
Preferably, in the step b, modified activated carbon is that surface attachment has aluminium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, ethylenediamine tetraacetic
The activated carbon of one kind or any several solns in acetic acid, triethanolamine, nitric acid, hypochlorous acid, hydrogen peroxide, potassium peroxydisulfate.Attachment
The mass concentration of solution is 5-60%.
Preferably, in the step b, the n-hexane after oxidation flows through modification with the speed of 0.5~30 column volume/hour
Activated carbon.
Preferably, in addition to step b ˊ, by the n-hexane obtained by the step b by equipped with particle diameter be 20-100 mesh,
The adsorbent post of model 3A or 4A molecular sieve, for removing moisture.
Preferably, in addition to step b 〞, by the n-hexane obtained by the step b by being 20-200 purposes equipped with particle diameter
The adsorbent post of silica gel, for removing alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon and influenceing the impurity of absorbance.
Preferably, in addition to step c, the n-hexane obtained by adsorption treatment is subjected to rectifying；Rectifying still heating-up temperature is
69~95 DEG C, n-hexane fluid temperature is 68~70 DEG C in kettle, to go out liquid temperature degree be 68~69 DEG C, controls reflux ratio to be 15: 1~5:
1。
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane provided by the invention, purity is obtained by the process of modified active carbon adsorption
>=99% (wt) high-purity solvent hexane, compared with the n-hexane of domestic production, purity further improves, make that purification obtains just oneself
Alkane can be applied to the fields such as chromatography, chromatographic isolation, chromatogram preparation, expand application.In addition, compared with precise distillation and
Special extract rectification technique, method of purification provided by the invention, yield >=95%, high income, energy consumption are low, production cost is low, produced
Journey is easy, it is stable, suitable for industrialized production.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment：
Embodiment 1
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 40% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 10% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, sulfuric acid and nitric acid volume ratio are 1:3, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Have above-mentioned
Add activated carbon in machine layer, after stirring 1 hour, addition potassium permanganate is aoxidized, and after flowing back 1 hour, is distilled out rapidly just
Hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained passes through the adsorbent equipped with modified activated carbon with the speed of 0.5 column volume/hour
Post, further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is immersed in
Mass concentration is in 30% salpeter solution, activated carbon surface is adhered to salpeter solution, so as to obtain modified activated carbon.
The obtained n-hexanes of step b are passed through the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the 3A molecular sieves of 20 mesh by b ˊ, further go
Moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction in n-hexane
Moisture, be further continued for after molecular sieve carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing as moisture ＞ 0.03% need to be changed.
The obtained n-hexanes of step b ˊ are passed through the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 100 mesh by b 〞, further remove
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 69 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 68 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 68 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 5: 1.Bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves, i.e.,
Obtain the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
Embodiment 2
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 65% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 30% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:1, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Above-mentioned
Add zeolite in organic layer, after stirring 2 hours, addition sodium peroxydisulfate is aoxidized, and after flowing back 3 hours, is distilled out rapidly just
Hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained with 10 column volumes/hour speed by the adsorbent post equipped with modified activated carbon,
Further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is immersed in successively
Mass concentration is in 5% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and triethanolamine, makes activated carbon attachment ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid and triethanolamine, from
And obtain modified activated carbon.
B ˊ by the n-hexane that step b is obtained using speed by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter as the 4A molecular sieves of 100 mesh,
Further remove moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction
Moisture in n-hexane, it is further continued for carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing after need to changing molecular sieve such as moisture ＞ 0.03%.
B 〞 by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 20 mesh, further remove the n-hexane that step b ˊ are obtained
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 95 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 69.5 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 69 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 10: 1.To be bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves,
Produce the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
Embodiment 3
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 45% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 20% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:2, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Above-mentioned
Adding molecular sieve in organic layer, after stirring 1.5 hours, addition potassium peroxydisulfate is aoxidized, and after flowing back 0.5 hour, it is rapid to steam
Distillate n-hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained passes through the adsorbent equipped with modified activated carbon with the speed of 30 column volumes/hour
Post, further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is soaked successively
Steep in the zinc hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 60%, make activated carbon attachment zinc hydroxide and aluminium hydroxide molten
Liquid, so as to obtain modified activated carbon.
B ˊ by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the 4A molecular sieves of 60 mesh, further go the n-hexane that step b is obtained
Moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction in n-hexane
Moisture, be further continued for after molecular sieve carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing as moisture ＞ 0.03% need to be changed；
B 〞 by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 200 mesh, further remove the n-hexane that step b ˊ are obtained
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 86 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 70 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 68.5 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 15: 1.To be bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves,
Produce the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
Embodiment 4
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 30% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 15% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:1.5, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Upper
To state and activated carbon is added in organic layer, after stirring 1.8 hours, addition hydrogen peroxide is aoxidized, and after flowing back 2 hours, rapid distillation
Go out n-hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained passes through the adsorbent equipped with modified activated carbon with the speed of 20 column volumes/hour
Post, further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is soaked successively
Steep in the hypochlorite solution that mass concentration is 50%, activated carbon is adhered to hypochlorite solution, so as to obtain modified activated carbon.
B ˊ by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the 3A molecular sieves of 30 mesh, further go the n-hexane that step b is obtained
Moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction in n-hexane
Moisture, be further continued for after molecular sieve carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing as moisture ＞ 0.03% need to be changed；
B 〞 by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 50 mesh, further remove the n-hexane that step b ˊ are obtained
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 90 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 69 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 68.3 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 12: 1.To be bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves,
Produce the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
Embodiment 5
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 60% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 13% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:2.5, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Upper
To state and zeolite is added in organic layer, after stirring 1.2 hours, addition potassium permanganate is aoxidized, and after flowing back 2.5 hours, it is rapid to steam
Distillate n-hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained passes through the adsorbent equipped with modified activated carbon with the speed of 2 column volumes/hour
Post, further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is soaked successively
Steep in the hydrogen peroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, activated carbon is adhered to hydrogen peroxide solution, so as to obtain modified activated carbon.
B ˊ by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the 3A molecular sieves of 50 mesh, further go the n-hexane that step b is obtained
Moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction in n-hexane
Moisture, be further continued for after molecular sieve carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing as moisture ＞ 0.03% need to be changed；
B 〞 by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 150 mesh, further remove the n-hexane that step b ˊ are obtained
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 90 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 69 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 68 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 8: 1.Bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves, i.e.,
Obtain the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
Embodiment 6
The method of purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, comprises the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, it is 35% to sequentially add sulfuric acid solution that volumetric concentration is 25% and volumetric concentration thereto
Salpeter solution, the volume ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid is 1:1.8, shake, after stratification, discard acid layer, retain organic layer；Upper
To state and molecular sieve is added in organic layer, after stirring 1.1 hours, addition potassium peroxydisulfate is aoxidized, and after flowing back 1.5 hours, rapidly
Distill out n-hexane.This step is used to remove the unsaturated hydrocarbons in raw material n-hexane.
B. n-hexane step a obtained passes through the adsorbent equipped with modified activated carbon with the speed of 23 column volumes/hour
Post, further remove the material of the high degree of polarization formed in oxidizing process and containing benzene ring substance.Wherein activated carbon is soaked successively
Steep in the potassium persulfate solution that mass concentration is 50%, activated carbon is adhered to potassium persulfate solution, so as to obtain modified active
Carbon.
B ˊ by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the 4A molecular sieves of 85 mesh, further go the n-hexane that step b is obtained
Moisture；After absorption, n-hexane water content control is ≤0.01%；Removed in this step using molecular sieve after extraction in n-hexane
Moisture, be further continued for after molecular sieve carrying out molecular sieve adsorption processing as moisture ＞ 0.03% need to be changed；
B 〞 by the adsorbent post equipped with particle diameter for the silica gel of 90 mesh, further remove the n-hexane that step b ˊ are obtained
The impurity such as alkane and fragrant hydrocarbon impurity, the impurity for influenceing absorbance.
C. the n-hexane obtained by step b 〞 is subjected to rectifying, rectifying still heating-up temperature is 90 DEG C, n-hexane liquid temperature in kettle
Spend for 69 DEG C, go out liquid temperature degree and be 68.5 DEG C, control reflux ratio to be 6: 1.To be bottled after smart distillate detection is qualified, inflated with nitrogen preserves,
Produce the high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane of purity >=99%.
The technical indicator of high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane after the purification of embodiment 1~6 is as shown in Table 1：
Table one
By high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane made from method of purification provided by the invention compared with raw material n-hexane, it is to wavelength
The light transmittance of 210nm, 220nm and 245nm incident light greatly improves compared with raw material, improves high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane
Optical property.It is higher than 98% especially for the light transmittance for the incident light that wavelength is 245nm.Purity is further lifted, water content
It is greatly reduced.It is meanwhile not small by the yield of high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane made from the method for purification of the invention improved
In 95%, waste can be reduced, reduces production cost.
Embodiment in the present invention is only used for that the present invention will be described, and is not construed as limiting the scope of claims limitation,
Other substantially equivalent replacements that those skilled in that art are contemplated that, all fall in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the method for purification of organic solvent-normal hexane, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. raw material n-hexane is taken, oxidant is added thereto and stirs, heating distills out n-hexane；
In the step a, add before oxidant, sulfuric acid solution and salpeter solution are separately added into raw material n-hexane, shake,
After stratification, acid layer is discarded, retains the organic layer dissolved with n-hexane
B. the above-mentioned n-hexane distilled out is passed through adsorbent post equipped with modified activated carbon and carries out adsorption treatment, obtain purity >=
99% (wt) high-purity organic solvent-normal hexane；
In the step b, modified activated carbon is that surface attachment has aluminium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, three ethanol
The activated carbon of one kind or any several solns in amine, potassium peroxydisulfate.
2. the deduction method of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oxidant includes height
Potassium manganate, sodium peroxydisulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate or peroxide.
3. the method for purification of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the body of the sulfuric acid solution
Product concentration is 10~30%；The volumetric concentration of the salpeter solution is 30%~65%.
4. the method for purification of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step a, add
Before oxidant, porous material is added into raw material n-hexane, is stirred 1~2 hour.
5. the deduction method of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step a, add
After oxidant, flow back 0.5~3 hour.
6. the method for purification of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, will also including step b ˊ
N-hexane obtained by the step b passes through the adsorbent post equipped with molecular sieve.
7. the method for purification of organic solvent-normal hexane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, will also including step b 〞
N-hexane obtained by the step b passes through the adsorbent post equipped with silica gel.
8. the method for purification of the organic solvent-normal hexane according to any of the above-described claim, it is characterised in that also include
Step c, the n-hexane obtained by adsorption treatment is subjected to rectifying；Rectifying still heating-up temperature is 69~95 DEG C, n-hexane liquid in kettle
It is 68~69 DEG C that temperature, which is 68~70 DEG C, goes out liquid temperature degree, controls reflux ratio to be 15：1~5：1.
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| CN107501031A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-22 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of chromatographically pure n-hexane and preparation method thereof, production system |
| CN107652155A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-02 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of method for producing the residual level n-hexane of agriculture |
| CN108017504A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-05-11 | 上海星可高纯溶剂有限公司 | The method of purification of n-hexane |
| CN110713429B (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2022-05-03 | 天津康科德医药化工有限公司 | Method for purifying chromatographically pure hexane |
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