CN105081503A - Soldering method for achieving connection of SiC-based composite ceramic and Invar alloy by means of NiCrSi - Google Patents
Soldering method for achieving connection of SiC-based composite ceramic and Invar alloy by means of NiCrSi Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081503A CN105081503A CN201510582412.5A CN201510582412A CN105081503A CN 105081503 A CN105081503 A CN 105081503A CN 201510582412 A CN201510582412 A CN 201510582412A CN 105081503 A CN105081503 A CN 105081503A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soldering method for achieving connection of SiC-based composite ceramic and Invar alloy by means of NiCrSi, relates to a soldering method and belongs to the technical field of connection of dissimilar materials. By the adoption of the soldering method, the problems that it is extremely difficult to connect the SiC-based composite ceramic with the Invar alloy, and the performance of a joint is poor are solved. The soldering method comprises the steps that grinding, polishing and cleaning are conducted, and then the NiCrSi solder adheres between the SiC-based composite ceramic and the Invar alloy; then the NiCrSi solder is placed in a vacuum soldering furnace to be tightly pressed, vacuumizing is conducted, the temperature is increased to 400-700 DEG C, and heat preservation is conducted; soldering connection is conducted, and the temperature is decreased to 500 DEG C; and finally, cooling with the furnace is conducted, and the process is completed. According to the soldering method, through the homogenized diffusion of components between a connecting layer and a base material, the high-temperature resistance of a joint is further improved, the joint which has good comprehensive performance is obtained finally, and the shearing strength of the joint can reach 76 mpa.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder and realize the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy.
Background technology
Developing rapidly of domestic and international modern industry, petroleum chemical industry is had higher requirement, ethene is as a kind of topmost product of petrochemical industry and raw material, its seed output and quality directly affects the development of national economy, and just seems particularly important as the R & D Level of the ethane cracking furnace of its crucial production equipment.The core component of ethane cracking furnace is cracking furnace pipe, and residing environment is harsh, proposes very high requirement to material therefor.A series of good characteristics such as ceramic matric composite is high temperature resistant with it, corrosion-resistant, quality is light make pyrolysis furnace become possibility in the requirement of higher temperature work.SiC base composite ceramic has that chemical stability is good, good mechanical performance, thermal conductivity are high, wear-resisting and the advantage such as antiscour, becomes the ideal material manufacturing pyrolysis furnace pipeline.But compared with metal material, extensibility and the impact flexibility of ceramic material are lower, and processing characteristics is poor, manufacture large scale or complex shaped components more difficult.This external cracking furnace pipe imports and exports region needs SiC ceramic to be connected with metal, and to realize the globality of equipment, this just needs the connectivity problem solving SiC ceramic and metal.
Such connection belongs to high temperature conjunction, and connectivity problem difficulty is large, and reliability requirement is high, is mainly reflected in: 1, SiC ceramic material is poor with metal metallurgy smelting compatibility, directly cannot carry out fusing connection; 2, thermal coefficient of expansion difference is between the two comparatively large, and conventional connection can exist larger residual thermal stress in joint, even can make joint cracking; 3, joint serviceability requires high, is typically used among hot environment 800 ~ 900 DEG C at petrochemical industry ceramet joint, and the air-tightness of simultaneously butt joint, anti-thermal shock and antioxygenic property etc. propose higher requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve SiC base composite ceramic be connected difficulty with Invar alloy large, the problem that joint performance is bad, the invention provides a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder and realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy.
A kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder of the present invention realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, is to adopt NiCrSi solder, is realized the connection of SiC base composite ceramic and Invar alloy, specifically carry out according to the following steps by the method for soldering:
One, with the surface to be welded of abrasive paper for metallograph polishing SiC base composite ceramic and the surface to be welded of Invar alloy;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in polishing on polishing machine;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 15min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up;
Four, with abrasive paper for metallograph polishing NiCrSi solder, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, again NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, is assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the SiC composite ceramics/structural member of NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy is put into vacuum brazing furnace and compressed, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 ~ 10 × 10
-3, being warming up to temperature is 400 ~ 700 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 30min, obtains the rear structural member to be welded of insulation;
Six, structural member to be welded after insulation is carried out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C again, insulation 15 ~ 20min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
The present invention selects with SiC ceramic thermal coefficient of expansion Invar alloy relatively as soldering mother metal, first the connection of SiC ceramic and Invar alloy is carried out, and then Invar alloy is connected with industrial high temperature alloy, thus realizes SiC ceramic and be connected with the transition of industrial high temperature alloy.
In high-temp solder, relative to Au base costly and Pd base solder, Ni base solder has practical value more.Cr is active element conventional in active solder, and add the wetability that Cr can ensure high-temp solder, the effect of Si element mainly reduces the fusing point of solder, thus reduces brazing temperature, reduces soldering difficulty.
NiCrSi is as a kind of high-temp solder, its fusing point is high, the joint resistance to elevated temperatures of soldering gained is good, isothermal DIFFUSION TREATMENT is carried out to soldered fitting, by the composition diffusion-homogenization between articulamentum and mother metal, the resistance to elevated temperatures of further raising joint, the joint that final acquisition combination property is good, shear strength can reach 76mpa.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder of present embodiment realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, adopt NiCrSi solder, realized the connection of SiC base composite ceramic and Invar alloy by the method for soldering, specifically carry out according to the following steps:
One, with the surface to be welded of abrasive paper for metallograph polishing SiC base composite ceramic and the surface to be welded of Invar alloy;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in polishing on polishing machine;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 15min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up;
Four, with abrasive paper for metallograph polishing NiCrSi solder, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, again NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, is assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the SiC composite ceramics/structural member of NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy is put into vacuum brazing furnace and compressed, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 ~ 10 × 10
-3, being warming up to temperature is 400 ~ 700 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 30min, obtains the rear structural member to be welded of insulation;
Six, structural member to be welded after insulation is carried out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C again, insulation 15 ~ 20min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
Present embodiment is selected with SiC ceramic thermal coefficient of expansion Invar alloy relatively as soldering mother metal, first the connection of SiC ceramic and Invar alloy is carried out, and then Invar alloy is connected with industrial high temperature alloy, thus realizes SiC ceramic and be connected with the transition of industrial high temperature alloy.
In high-temp solder, relative to Au base costly and Pd base solder, Ni base solder has practical value more.Cr is active element conventional in active solder, and add the wetability that Cr can ensure high-temp solder, the effect of Si element mainly reduces the fusing point of solder, thus reduces brazing temperature, reduces soldering difficulty.
NiCrSi is as a kind of high-temp solder, its fusing point is high, the joint resistance to elevated temperatures of soldering gained is good, isothermal DIFFUSION TREATMENT is carried out to soldered fitting, by the composition diffusion-homogenization between articulamentum and mother metal, the resistance to elevated temperatures of further raising joint, the joint that final acquisition combination property is good, shear strength can reach 76mpa.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one unlike: in step one, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two unlike: in step one, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three unlike: in step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 70 ~ 83 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 13 ~ 20 parts of Cr and 4 ~ 10 part Si make.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four unlike: in step 4, the preparation method of NiCrSi solder specifically carries out according to the following steps: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 4 ~ 8 times, the thin slice that thickness is 60 ~ 110 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 50 ~ 100 μm.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to five unlike: in step 6 by NiCrSi solder successively with the polishing of 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to six unlike: be warming up to 450 ~ 600 DEG C in step 5, temperature retention time 15 ~ 20min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to six.
Detailed description of the invention eight: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven unlike: the speed heated up in step 5 is 5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to eight unlike: in step 6, brazing technique is: be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 ~ 1300 DEG C, heating rate is 5 ~ 15 DEG C/min, insulation 20 ~ 30min, the brazing time is 5 ~ 30min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to eight.
Detailed description of the invention ten: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to nine unlike: when being cooled to 500 DEG C in step 6, rate of temperature fall is 10 DEG C/min, cools thereafter with stove.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to nine.
The following examples will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
The method for welding that the present embodiment utilizes NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 80 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 400 DEG C, insulation 25min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, after insulation continue structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1070 DEG C again in step 5, insulation 25min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 20min, rate of temperature fall 15 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 70 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 13 parts of Cr and 4 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 6 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 72mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 2, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 80 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 450 DEG C, insulation 20min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, after insulation continue structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1090 DEG C again in step 5, insulation 25min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 20min, rate of temperature fall 15 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 70 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 15 parts of Cr and 5 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 6 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 70mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 3, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 80 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 500 DEG C, insulation 20min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, continue after insulation in step 5 structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1110 DEG C of insulation 20min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing again; Be cooled to 550 DEG C again, insulation 20min, rate of temperature fall 10 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 75 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 16 parts of Cr and 5 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 6 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 73mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 4, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 80 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 600 DEG C, insulation 15min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, continue after insulation in step 5 structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1130 DEG C of insulation 20min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing again; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 20min, rate of temperature fall 10 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 80 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 18 parts of Cr and 8 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 6 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 76mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 5, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 80 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 650 DEG C, insulation 15min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, continue after insulation in step 5 structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1150 DEG C of insulation 20min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing again; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 15min, rate of temperature fall 10 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 83 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 20 parts of Cr and 10 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 5 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 72mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 6, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 100 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 550 DEG C, insulation 20min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, after insulation continue structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1150 DEG C again in step 5, insulation 30min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 15min, rate of temperature fall 10 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 70 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 13 parts of Cr and 4 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 4 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 75mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 7, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 100 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 600 DEG C, insulation 20min, heating rate 20 DEG C/min;
Six, after insulation continue structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1170 DEG C again in step 5, insulation, 20min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C again, insulation 15min, rate of temperature fall 10 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 76 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 15 parts of Cr and 7 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 8 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 70mpa.
The method for welding that embodiment 8, the present embodiment utilize NiCrSi solder to realize SiC based composites to be connected with Invar alloy, specifically carries out according to the following steps:
One, the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic is polished with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, the surface to be welded of Invar alloy is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in metallic luster polishing machine being polished to light;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol 5, dry up;
Four, NiCrSi solder is polished to surface-brightening with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively, thickness 100 μm, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, then with 502 glue, NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, be assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the structural member that step 4 obtains is put into vacuum brazing furnace to compress, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 × 10
-3pa, being warming up to temperature is 650 DEG C, insulation 20min, heating rate 15 DEG C/min;
Six, continue after insulation in step 5 structural member to be welded to be warming up to 1180 DEG C of insulation 20min, heating rate 10 DEG C/min, carries out brazing again; Be cooled to 600 DEG C again, insulation 15min, rate of temperature fall 15 DEG C/min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
In the present embodiment step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 77 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, and 15 parts of Cr and 6 part Si make, and preparation method is: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 6 times, the thin slice that thickness is 80 ~ 90 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 80 μm.
Test the shear strength of the structural member of the present embodiment soldering, shear strength is 75mpa.
Embodiment 1 ~ 8 is selected with SiC ceramic thermal coefficient of expansion Invar alloy relatively as soldering mother metal, first the connection of SiC ceramic and Invar alloy is carried out, and then Invar alloy is connected with industrial high temperature alloy, thus realizes SiC ceramic and be connected with the transition of industrial high temperature alloy.
In high-temp solder, relative to Au base costly and Pd base solder, Ni base solder has practical value more.Cr is active element conventional in active solder, and add the wetability that Cr can ensure high-temp solder, the effect of Si element mainly reduces the fusing point of solder, thus reduces brazing temperature, reduces soldering difficulty.
NiCrSi is as a kind of high-temp solder, and its fusing point is high, and the joint resistance to elevated temperatures of soldering gained is good, isothermal DIFFUSION TREATMENT is carried out to soldered fitting, by the composition diffusion-homogenization between articulamentum and mother metal, improve the resistance to elevated temperatures of joint further, the joint that final acquisition combination property is good.
Claims (10)
1. the method for welding utilizing NiCrSi solder to realize SiC base composite ceramic to be connected with Invar alloy, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
One, with the surface to be welded of abrasive paper for metallograph polishing SiC base composite ceramic and the surface to be welded of Invar alloy;
Two, the SiC base composite ceramic after step one being polished and Invar alloy are placed in polishing on polishing machine;
Three, the SiC base composite ceramic after step 2 polishing and Invar alloy are dipped in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 15min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up;
Four, with abrasive paper for metallograph polishing NiCrSi solder, be immersed in again in acetone, ultrasonic cleaning 5 ~ 10min, then rinse with absolute ethyl alcohol, dry up, again NiCrSi solder is bonded between the SiC composite ceramics after step 3 process and Invar alloy, is assembled into the structural member of SiC composite ceramics/NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy;
Five, the SiC composite ceramics/structural member of NiCrSi solder/Invar alloy is put into vacuum brazing furnace and compressed, being then evacuated to vacuum is 1.0 ~ 10 × 10
-3, being warming up to temperature is 400 ~ 700 DEG C, insulation 5 ~ 30min, obtains the rear structural member to be welded of insulation;
Six, will treat after insulation that welding structure carries out brazing; Be cooled to 500 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C again, insulation 15 ~ 20min, then with stove cooling, complete the method utilizing NiCrSi solder brazing SiC composite ceramics and Invar alloy.
2. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that the surface to be welded of SiC base composite ceramic in step one is successively with the polishing of 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# abrasive paper for metallograph.
3. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that the surface to be welded of Invar alloy in step one is successively with the polishing of 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph.
4. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that in step 4, NiCrSi solder is by 70 ~ 83 parts of Ni according to mass fraction, 13 ~ 20 parts of Cr and 4 ~ 10 part Si make.
5. a kind of NiCrSi of the utilization solder according to claim 1 or 4 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that what the preparation method of NiCrSi solder in step 4 specifically carried out according to the following steps: a, be placed in crucible by the order being followed successively by Ni block, Cr block and Si block from down to up; B, take out crucible to 10
-1pa, then passes into high-purity argon gas to 1atm; C, the operation of repetition b step twice; D, with electric arc to the Ni block in crucible, Cr block and Si block melting 4 ~ 8 times, the thin slice that thickness is 60 ~ 110 μm is cut into again with wire electric discharge, then polish flat successively with 200#, 400#, 600# and 800# sand paper successively, finally obtain the thin slice that thickness is about 50 ~ 100 μm.
6. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that being polished with 400#, 600# and 1000# abrasive paper for metallograph successively by NiCrSi solder in step 6.
7. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that being warming up to 450 ~ 600 DEG C in step 5, temperature retention time 15 ~ 20min.
8. a kind of NiCrSi of the utilization solder according to claim 1 or 7 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that the speed heated up in step 5 is 5 ~ 30 DEG C/min.
9. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that in step 6, brazing technique is: be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 ~ 1300 DEG C, heating rate is 5 ~ 15 DEG C/min, insulation 20 ~ 30min, the brazing time is 5 ~ 30min.
10. a kind of NiCrSi of utilization solder according to claim 1 realizes the method for welding that SiC base composite ceramic is connected with Invar alloy, it is characterized in that in step 6, rate of temperature fall is 10 ~ 15 DEG C/min.
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