CN105071646B

CN105071646B - Power supply

Info

Publication number: CN105071646B
Application number: CN201510431248.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: O·约翰斯; L·R·芬奇阿姆
Original assignee: CINE TAL SYSTEMS LLC
Current assignee: CINE TAL SYSTEMS LLC
Priority date: 2009-07-28
Filing date: 2010-07-28
Publication date: 2017-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-28
Also published as: CN105071646A

Abstract

A kind of power supply, it includes two or more shaped or selection input waveforms, and so as to by after its independent level shift and rectification, it adds and the DC output waveforms that obtain are substantially without fluctuation.The power supply includes waveform generator, for boosting or being depressured level conversion level, rectification stage and the synthesizer of conversion.Waveform generator can produce complementary waveform, preferably its identical but phase shifted from one another, so as to by complementary waveform level conversion, rectification and add and after, itself and will be constant, thus generations of DC output waveforms need not smoothly or only need it is minimum smoothly.Transformer or switched-capacitor circuit can be used to perform level conversion.The feature of the feedback adjustment input waveform so as to DC output waveforms can be used.

Description

Power supply

The application is that international filing date is on July 28th, 2010, into the title that thenational phase day is on March 28th, 2012 For the divisional application of the Chinese patent application 201080043363.3 of " power supply ".

Related application data

The rights and interests for the U.S.Provisional Serial 61/229,217 submitted this application claims on July 28th, 2009, its is complete Portion's content includes for reference herein.

Technical field

The field of the invention relates generally to power supply, and relates more particularly to general DC out-put supplies.

Background technology

Mainly there are two class power supplys or current transformer：(1) AC is to DC, and (2) DC to DC.AC will generally be used as it to D/C power The AC line voltages of input are converted to DC input voltages, and for example find the power supply in such an application, as home audio is put Big device.Linear power supply or switch mode power usually can be used as to implement.Existing D/C voltage is converted to another kind by DC to D/C power Voltage, such as be converted to another higher or lower voltage level from battery.Generally implemented with switched mode voltage.For routine Use, DC to D/C power changes voltage and also provides the insulation between input and output.

The usual component of conventional power source includes transformer, rectifier and filtering/energy-storage capacitor.In Switching Power Supply generally The other component used includes control IC chip, power transistor, the filtering and shielding for preventing electromagnetic interference.To more skinny device Need to have caused Switching Power Supply dominant.

Such as the conventional linear power supply used in family expenses audio-frequency amplifier uses big, transformer again, expensive, so that will be low Frequently the low voltage that, high pressure AC lines Power convert is suitable amplifier or other application uses.High pressure AC lines power supply is dropped first It is then DC by relatively low AC voltage waveforms rectification to compared with low AC voltages.However, rectified voltage is discontinuous, thus in order to Amplifier provides burning voltage, it is necessary to big energy-storage capacitor.Even so, D/C power still applies appreciable irregular on DC Property (ripple voltage), it audible buzz and grunt can occur in amplifier out, unless in Amplifier Design It is quite careful during with layout.

Although the design of the power supply is relatively easy and EMI radiation is relatively low, transformer is big, heavy and very high It is expensive.Energy-storage capacitor is also big and expensive.Thus, most of power source method excludes its use in light weight, low-key design.In power supply Power loss it is relatively small, total effect is generally in the range of 85%-90%.

Replacement using linear power supply is to utilize switch-mode-power converter technique.In the art, rectified line is electric first Pressure, and it is smooth with highest line voltage.Compared with linear power supply, this allows energy-storage capacitor smaller, and also less expensive.So Afterwards, by with very high frequency --- it is usually tens KHz, interrupts result high voltage DC signal and be converted into relatively low electricity Pressure, so as to produce AC output signals, low voltage is reduced to by small transformers by the latter.Because running frequency compares linear power supply It is much higher, so transformer also can be smaller than conventional linear power supply.However, AC letters that will again on rectifier transformer outlet side Number, so as to obtain DC, and must be smooth with energy-storage capacitor, although it is than small in linear power supply.One of the power supply Example is to be generally used for the external power source for laptop computer power supply.

The cost for needing to pay in this method is that, in order to keep efficiency, DC interruption, which produces, has discontinuous, rectangular wave High-frequency AC.The waveform produces high-caliber very high frequency, sends the frequency and causes radio frequency (RF) to disturb (EMI).Need It is careful to design, be laid out and shield, so as to which these transmittings are reduced into acceptable limit.It is also required to switching frequency component Remove or isolate from input and outlet line, it needs extra magnetic assembly, the cost and volume of this increase power supply.It is although theoretical On can be very high, but efficiency is usually 80-90%.Generally speaking, can be considerably compared with traditional linear power supply The size and weight of switched-mode power supply are reduced, and can also reduce basic module cost.It is however, solid in Switching Power Supply design Increase influence of some complexity on designing and proving cost is very big, and the time for resulting in the need for some months could launch city .

Sum it up, linear power supply is intended to size and profile is bigger, relative cost is higher, heavier.In efficiency and low EMI Aspect, its is favourable.Switching Power Supply is intended to smaller and lighter.Due to higher running frequency, the transformer of Switching Power Supply and Capacitor is intended to smaller than linear power supply.However, Switching Power Supply also can be lower than linear power supply efficiency, and produce substantially more More EMI, the latter need carefully filtering and shielding.Switching Power Supply is also more complicated, needs control circuit and Power switching devices. Compared with linear power supply, its design time is longer and generally more expensive.There is the trend towards smaller power supply, its requirement is higher Running frequency, and more potential problems on EMI therefore be present.

Bigger power supply can utilize three-phase generation, and it is the replaceable power technology of above-mentioned technology.In three-phase system, three Bar power transmission line is loaded with identical frequency but out of phase three kinds of alternating currents, and it reaches instantaneous peak value in the different time.Current wave Shape is offset from one another 120 degree (that is, every kind of electric current all offset for 1/3rd cycles with other two kinds of waveforms).The ripple cross allow with The fluctuation for reducing still physical presence continuously provides energy to load.As a result, constant power is transmitted in each current cycle Amount.Transformer can be used, so as to which voltage level be raised and lowered in the difference of three phase network.Three-phase rectifier bridge generally includes Six diodes, wherein each three-phase branch road uses two diodes.

Although three-phase power supply system has some benefits, it also has some shortcomings or limitation.Such as, it usually needs At least three conductors or power line, and for level conversion (passing through transformer) and three groups of circuits of each branch road of rectification. Similarly, although reducing fluctuation in individual event power supply, still physical presence fluctuate, and usually require energy-storage capacitor by its It is reduced to acceptable level.

Needed exist for for power supply or current transformer, can be done small, light and suitably cheap, EMI are most Smallization.Further needed exist for for the power supply, it avoids the complexity and complicated factor of Switching Power Supply.For power supply In the presence of such further demand, it can reduce the needs to big component, and thus can be done size and profile is small, And measure light.

The content of the invention

On the one hand, there is provided such power supply, wherein shape or select one or more of input waveforms in addition, so as in order to Produce DC output waveforms, the smooth minimum of output waveform requirement.

According to one or more embodiments, there is provided to such power supply, its have before insulating transformer is provided into Shape or the one or more of input waveforms selected in addition.Shaping or the property of selection input waveform, so as to defeated in order to produce DC Go out waveform, the smooth minimum that converted waveform is not required or required.

Power supply can include waveform generator, the upwards horizontal level translation level of (downward) tapping voltage, rectification stage, Yi Jixin Number synthesizer.Waveform generator can produce complementary waveform, so as to will each complementary wave rectification and after synthesizing, itself and it is constant, Thus in order to produce DC output waveforms, the smooth minimum that does not require or require.

In one embodiment, DC out-put supplies include waveform generator, at least one transformer, rectification stage, signal and closed Cheng Yi.Waveform generator can produce complementary waveform, by each complementary wave rectification and to combine, itself and will be constant.It is preferred that Complementary waveform is identical, but is 90 degrees to each other phase, but in other embodiments, waveform can have different relations.By complementation Waveform applies to a pair of transformers or the single phase transformer with separation winding.The output of transformer, the rectification are provided to rectification stage Level a pair of rectified signals of output.Rectified signal has characteristics that, i.e., when being added together with, itself and it is constant.Xiang Xin Number synthesizer provides rectified signal, and the latter adds and signal and produces constant DC output signals.

In certain embodiments, output voltage is monitored, and it is supplied to the input side in telegram in reply source, is being applied to transformation Before device, power supply adjusts the amplitude or other features of complementary waveform signal.

In other embodiments, using switched capacitor techniques, rather than transformer adjustment (that is, stepping up) complementary waveform Voltage level.In other respects, power supply is run in a similar manner.

Embodiment described here can cause one or more of advantages, including it is smaller than conventional power source, lighter, thinner and/ Or it is more cheap, big component is less, and keeps simultaneously efficient.Power supply can be designed, so as to produce minimum or small EMI.Due to It is easier to design and manufacture power supply, so can faster launch it, thus causes the faster product design cycle.

Also it is described herein or illustrates further embodiment, replacement and variant in the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows the conceptual block diagram of DC out-put supplies disclosed herein, and it is used for signal level using one or more The transformer of conversion.

Fig. 2 shown according to an example, one group of oscillogram of the operation of power supply shown in schematic thinking 1.

Fig. 3 shown according to another example, one group of oscillogram of the operation of power supply shown in schematic thinking 1.

Fig. 4 is shown according to the voltage control DC out-put supply embodiment components disclosed in the conceptual block diagram in Fig. 1 Block diagram.

Fig. 5 is shown according to the current control DC out-put supply embodiment components disclosed in the conceptual block diagram in Fig. 1 Block diagram.

Fig. 6 shows the block diagram of an example of signal generator, and each embodiment use that may be incorporated in the displosure should Signal generator.

Fig. 7 is shown with the schematic diagram of the power supply embodiment of similar Fig. 1 technology, but real by switched-capacitor circuit Apply.

Fig. 8 shows the conceptual block diagram of DC out-put supplies disclosed herein.

Fig. 9 shows the block diagram of the second example of signal generator, and each embodiment use that may be incorporated in the displosure should Signal generator.

Figure 10 shows the illustraton of model of the example for a pair of the FM signals that can be exported by signal generator.

Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B show the schematic diagram of a part of D/C power operation of the principle according to Fig. 1, wherein each case It is middle to use different input waveforms.

Figure 12 shows the schematic diagram of a part of D/C power with the amplifier as integrator configuration.

Figure 13 shows such oscillogram, and it can be combined the D/C power with the trsanscondutance amplifier for including integrator characteristics Use.

Figure 14 is shown with feed-forward technique so that the schematic diagram of a part of D/C power of power amplifier linearization.

Figure 15 is shown with the schematic diagram of a part for the D/C power of feedforward and Feedback Technology.

Figure 16 is shown with the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the D/C power of feedforward and Feedback Technology.

Figure 17 is shown with switched-capacitor circuit so as to form the schematic diagram of the embodiment of multiple power levels converter.

Figure 18 shows the schematic diagram of the switched capacitor power supply with the combination of booster circuit and anti-phase regulator circuit.

Embodiment

According to one or more embodiments, there is provided a kind of such power supply, it has input waveform in one or more, after Person is then supplied to shaped between insulating transformer or other selection.Shaping, the property for alternatively or additionally producing input waveform, So as in order to produce DC output waveforms, the rectification of converted-wave requirement and/or smooth minimum.

Fig. 8 shows the conceptual block diagram of power supply 800 disclosed herein.In fig. 8, signal source (waveform) generator 805 produces Raw a pair of complementary waveform signals 823,824.Complementary waveform signal 823,824 is selected, so as to through level conversion level 830 and by coupling After being bonded to output (rectification) level 840, there is provided constant DC output level, wherein rectification and level shifted signal is combined, and it is same When minimize output stage 840 requirement energy storage/smoothing capacity device.It is preferred that complementary waveform signal 823,824 is then description herein Type.Complementary waveform signal 823,824 is stepped up or reduces by block 835,836 respectively, wherein block is with one or more Such as the transformer or the switched capacitor network that further describe herein and embody.Level conversion level 830 carries to output stage 840 For signal 837,838.Signal 837 from the first level conversion block 835 is supplied to the first rectifier block of output stage 840 860.Signal 838 from second electrical level conversion block 836 is supplied to the second rectifier block 861 of output stage 840.Each rectification Device block 860,861 can all embody for example, by full wave rectifier bridge.The commutation output signal 866 of rectifier block 860,861, 867 be such waveform, and it is complementary in nature, to be as a result constant DC level when being added together with.In order to The purpose, commutation output signal 866,867 is supplied to signal synthesizer 870, the latter adds and/or combined in addition rectification output letter Numbers 866,867, and DC output signals 885 as providing, it is basically unchanged in nature, is not usually required to energy storage/smooth Capacitor.

Fig. 1 shows the conceptual block diagram of DC out-put supplies disclosed herein, and it is made based on the universal principle in Fig. 8 With the one or more transformers changed for signal level.As shown in figure 1, signal source (waveform) generator 105 is in signal wire 123rd, a pair of complementary waveform signal V are produced on 124_IN1、V_IN2.Select complementary waveform signal V_IN1、V_IN2, to be passed through transformation After device level 130 is coupled to output stage 140, there is provided constant DC output level, wherein rectification and the combination signal, and it is simultaneously minimum Change energy storage/smoothing capacity device that output stage 140 needs.It is preferred that complementary waveform signal V_IN1、V_IN2For subsequent type described here. By transformer stage 130, and more particularly, complementary waveform is believed by each transformer 135,136 of transformer stage 130 Number V_IN1、V_IN2Coupled to output stage 140.Transformer 135,136 can be in nature boosting or decompression, and preferred feature phase Together, it is assumed that complementary waveform signal V_IN1、V_IN2Amplitude it is identical.Transformer 135,136 physics can be embodied as have separation around The single phase transformer of group, separation winding is respectively used to input signal 123,124 and for output signal 137,138, but its is public Identical magnetic core, otherwise its physics can be embodied as to the transformer of two physical separation.

Transformer stage 130 provides signal 137,138 to output stage 140.The signal that will be exported from the two level of transformer 135 137 are supplied to the first rectifier block 160 of output stage 140.The signal 138 exported from the two level of transformer 136 is supplied to defeated Go out the second rectifier block 161 of level 140.Each rectifier block 160,161 can for example be embodied by full wave rectifier bridge.It is whole The commutation output signal 166,167 of stream device block 160,161 can be periodic waveform, and its property is complementary, so as to when added and when, tie Fruit is constant DC level.For the purpose, commutation output signal 166,167 is supplied to signal synthesizer 170, the latter add and Commutation output signal 166,167, and provide DC output signals 185, the latter is basically unchanged in nature, be not usually required to energy storage/ Smoothing capacity device.In fact, a small amount of fluctuation is may occur in which, can be smooth by it by relatively small smoothing capacity device (not shown), Can what convenient position in office the capacitor, such as output end and/or signal synthesizer in rectifier block 160,161 are provided The capacitor is provided after 170.

Selection produces waveform V_IN1、V_IN2Feature be periodic waveform, to change, rectification and combination (for example, plus and) letter After number, as a result output signal 185 is constant DC level.It is preferred that waveform V_IN1、V_IN2Shape it is identical, but be offset from one another 90 Degree.Similarly, preferred wave shape form is substantially smooth, lack crest or other from the undesirable feature of EMI viewpoints.Figure 1 illustrates letter Number V_IN1、V_IN2Appropriate waveform samples, and in fig. 2 in more detail diagram.In fig. 2, waveform is shown respectively in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B V_IN1And V_IN2(being represented in fig. 2 with waveform 203,204), each of which, which all forms, interacts same phase/out-phase raised cosine waveform, but phase It is offset from one another 90 degree.After full-wave rectification, the graphical results waveform 213,214 in Fig. 2 C and Fig. 2 D, V is respectively associated in it_IN1、V_IN2。 Waveform 213,214 is with being offset from one another 90 degree sinusoidal waveform, that is, has sinusoidal and cosine relation, reflection original waveform V_IN1、 V_IN2Phase deviation.When being added together with, as shown in Figure 2 E, rectified waveform 213,214 causes exports electricity with constant DC Flat output waveform 220.In other words, waveform V_IN1、V_IN2Rectification and plus and cause constant DC output levels, and its is usual Big energy storage/smoothing capacity device needed for traditional switch power supply is not needed.

In addition to the waveform 203,204 shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B in Fig. 2, other waveforms can be also used, and carry For similar final result.Fig. 3 shows second example of complementary periodic waveform, its it is chosen so as to rectification and plus and after carry Level is shown for constant DC.In figure 3, waveform V is shown respectively in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B_IN1And V_IN2(in figure 3 with waveform 303, 304 represent), each of which all forms the triangular waveform with the same phase/out-phase triangular wave of interaction, but is mutually offset from one another 90 degree.Entirely After ripple rectification, the graphical results waveform 313,314 in Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D, V is respectively associated in it_IN1、V_IN2.Rectified waveform 313,314 All it is the positive triangle waveform with symmetric shape, it is offset from one another 90 degree, reflection original waveform V_IN1、V_IN2Phase deviation.As general When it is added together with, as shown in FIGURE 3 E, rectified waveform 313,314 causes the output waveform 320 with constant DC output levels. Because rectified waveform 313,314 has identical linear gradient, the first rectified waveform for the raising and lowering part of triangular wave The voltage that 313 voltage declines the second rectified waveform 314 of matching rises, and vice versa.Thus, waveform V_IN1、V_IN2Rectification and Add and cause constant DC output levels, and it is not usually required to big energy storage/smoothing capacity device needed for traditional switch power supply.

Except the V shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3_IN1、V_IN2Waveform outside, can also use other waveforms.It is preferred that selection or Produce waveform V_IN1、V_IN2, to change with after full-wave rectification, rectified waveform is complimentary to one another, so as to added together with, So as to cause constant DC level.The waveform may include the periodic waveform for causing the symmetrical rectified waveform of property, so that it rises Slope and curvature are identical with its descending slope and curvature.Similarly, preferably rectified waveform is on in-between point symmetry, so that it is handed over It is mutually " just " identical with " negative " waveform shape, but reverse each other.Waveform samples shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 meet above-mentioned standard.Wherein The rectified waveform is identical but is offset from one another 90 degree, and the symmetric property of rectified waveform is meant, the rising of a rectified waveform The decline of another rectified waveform will be accurately matched, thus cause constant combination output level.

In addition to above-mentioned waveform, for V_IN1、V_IN2, can also use more complicated waveform.For example, waveform V_IN1、V_IN2 Many different harmonic waves can be included, and/or can be changed over time.

Above-mentioned Technology of Power Conversion can be applied to voltage or electric current reference power supply.More detailed examples are further described herein Son.

Fig. 4 shows the component according to the embodiment of voltage control DC out-put supplies 400 disclosed in Fig. 1 conceptual block diagram. It can be powered by local power supply, such as battery, or by external power source, such as line power supply for power supply 400.In Fig. 4, signal generator 405 a pair of generations are preferably the complementary waveform signal 412,413 of periodic property, and it generally has V as described above_IN1、 V_IN2Characteristic, i.e., its it is shaped and selection, so as to after by by transformer stage, rectification and combination, there is provided constant DC is defeated Go out.Complementary waveform signal 412,413 is provided to voltage-adjusting amplifier (VCA) 415, it passes through feedback sense amplifier 490, base The amplitude of waveform signal 412,413 is adjusted in the feedback received from DC output signals 485.In certain embodiments, can omit Voltage-adjusting amplifier 415, it can also omit feedback path 491 and sense amplifier 490.

Voltage-adjusting amplifier 415 is distinguished adjustable a pair complementary waveforms of output amplitude to linear amplifier 430,431 and believed Number V_IN1And V_IN2, the waveform 423,424 as shown in the coverage diagram in Fig. 4 reflects, and which depict identical instances in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 The similar example of the middle waveform used.The power input of linear amplifier 430,431 is connected to power rail+V and-V, and And it exports amplified signal 432,433, the latter is substantially across guide rail (by the least disadvantage from amplifier 430,431). The voltage characteristic of the signal 432,433 of one waveform samples is respectively in (the description waveform Vp1 of coverage diagram 440 and 441 shown in Fig. 4 And Vp2) in reflect, in this case, the initial waveform that produces seems such as V_IN1、V_IN2Figure 42 3,424 shown in.Covering respectively The reflection corresponding current characteristics of Vp1 and Vp2 in lid Figure 44 2 and 443 (description waveform Ip1 and Ip2).Such as the and of Figure 44 0,441,442 Visible in 443, the voltage waveform Vp1 and Vp2 of the specific example are characterised by, interaction out-phase and the raised cosine wave (Vp1 with phase It is identical with Vp2, but it is offset from one another 90 degree), and corresponding current wave Ip1 and Ip2 take the form of square wave, it, which has, corresponds to With the constant positive current of phase raised cosine wave period, and the constant negative current corresponding to the out-phase raised cosine wave period.With voltage wave Shape is identical, and current waveform Ip1 and Ip2 is identical, but is offset from one another 90 degree.

The output end of first linear amplifier 430 is coupled to the armature winding of the first transformer 435.Second is linearly put The output end of big device 431 is coupled to the armature winding of the second transformer 436.The secondary windings of transformer 435,436 is coupled to Output stage 440, it receives the transformer output signal 437,438 from transformer 435,436.Transformer 435,436 is in nature Can be boosting or decompression, and preferred characteristics are identical, it is assumed that complementary waveform signal Vp1 and Vp2 amplitude is identical.Can be by transformer 435th, 436 physics are embodied as single transformer, and it has for input signal 432,433 and for output signal 437,438 Independent winding, but share identical magnetic core, or can physics be embodied as two single transformers.It is preferred that by transformer 435th, 436 it is designed as with low drain inductance.

Output stage 450 preferably comprises a pair of rectifier blocks 460,461, and it can be embodied in such as all-wave reorganizer bridge. The secondary signal 437 exported from transformer 435 is provided to the first rectifier block 460 of output stage 450.To output stage 450 The second rectifier block 461 signal 439 of the secondary output from transformer 436 is provided.Each rectifier block 460,461 can It is embodied in such as all-wave reorganizer bridge.In this case, the commutation output signal of rectifier block 460,461 is believed for the cycle Number, its property is complementary, to be as a result constant DC level when being added together with.For the purpose, by rectifier block 460th, 461 output end is connected in series, and to combine commutation output signal therein in addition, therefore is provided and is basically unchanged in nature DC output signals 485, and be not usually required to energy storage/smoothing capacity device.In fact, can occur to fluctuate on a small quantity, phase can be passed through It is to small smoothing capacity device (not shown) that it is smooth, the capacitor, such as rectifier block can be provided in any appropriate location 460th, 461 output end, and/or intersect load 470 and the capacitor is provided.Therefore provide constant DC to load 470 and export electricity Source signal.

Optionally, feedback can be provided by sense amplifier 490, it samples DC output signals 485, and is controlled to voltage Amplifier 415 provides voltage back signal, and voltage-adjusting amplifier 415 is sequentially adjusted in the amplitude of input waveform 412,413, with Just it is adapted to linear amplifier 430,431.By this way, DC output signals 485 can be maintained at constant voltage level.

The operation of power supply 400 is approximately similar to Fig. 1 power supply 100.For example, in a case where, i.e., input waveform 412, It is as a result whole in the case that 413 take the shape for interacting out-phase/with phase raised cosine wave in cycle shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B in Fig. 2 Stream and combined waveform will be similar to that the waveform shown in Fig. 2 C, 2D and 2E in above-mentioned Fig. 2.In a case where, i.e. input waveform 412nd, 413 take cycle shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B in Fig. 3 interact out-phase/with phase triangular wave triangular waveform shape situation Under, as a result rectification and combined waveform will be similar to that the waveform shown in Fig. 3 C, 3D and 3E in above-mentioned Fig. 3.On Fig. 1, can be used Any appropriate periodic waveform, including with multi-harmonic or over time those alternate waveforms.By described here Appropriate waveform, power supply 400 can cause constant DC output signals 485, and it does not need energy storage/smoothing capacity device in theory.

Fig. 5 shows the component block diagram of another embodiment of the power supply 500 of the universal method according to Fig. 1.With the electricity in Fig. 4 Voltage-controlled DC out-put supplies processed are different, and Fig. 5 shows current control DC out-put supplies 500.In Figure 5, the element function of being marked with 5XX On be approximately similar in Fig. 4 with 4XX mark element.It is same as above, can by local power supply, such as battery, or by external power source, Such as line power supply is that power supply 500 is powered.Signal generator 505 produce a pair be preferably periodic property complementary waveform signal 512, 513, and it generally has V as described above_IN1、V_IN2Characteristic, i.e., its it is shaped and selection, to be passed through transformer After level, rectification and combination, there is provided constant DC outputs.To voltage-adjusting amplifier (VCA) 515 provide complementary waveform signal 512, 513, its by feedback sense amplifier 590, adjusted based on the feedback received from DC output signals 585 waveform signal 512, 513 amplitude.In certain embodiments, voltage-adjusting amplifier 515 can be omitted, also feedback path 591 can be omitted and reading is put Big device 590.

Voltage-adjusting amplifier 515 exports a pair of complementary waveform signal V to linear transconductance amplifier 530,531 respectively_IN1、 V_IN2, it is reflected by the waveform 523,524 in the coverage diagram that is shown in Fig. 5, is described similar in identical instances in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 The waveform samples used.Trsanscondutance amplifier 530,531 shows the electric current proportional to its input voltage, and can thus be considered as VCCS.The influence of trsanscondutance amplifier 530,531 is such, i.e., by waveform caused by signal generator 505 512nd, 513 current waveform for being substantially converted into analogous shape.As described below, for downstream processes, it can have the advantage that, and More preferable EMI features can be caused.Trsanscondutance amplifier 530,531 is connected to power rail+V and-V, and to transformer 535, 536 output amplified signals 532,533.As shown in figure 5, reflect respectively in coverage diagram 540 and 541 (description waveform Ip1 and Ip2) The current characteristic of signal 532,533, in this case, the initial waveform that produces seem such as V_IN1、V_IN2Figure 52 3,524 in institute Show.Reflection signal 423,424 corresponding voltage characteristics in coverage diagram 542 and 543 (description waveform Vp1 and Vp2) respectively.Such as figure 540th, visible in 541,542 and 543, current waveform, Ip1 and the Ip2 of the specific example are characterised by, interaction out-phase and same phase Raised cosine wave (Ip1 is identical with Ip2, but is offset from one another 90 degree), and corresponding voltage wave Vp1 and Vp2 take the shape of square wave Formula, it has the constant positive voltage corresponded to the phase raised cosine wave period, and constant corresponding to the out-phase raised cosine wave period Negative voltage.Identical with current waveform Ip1 and Ip2, voltage waveform Vp1 and Vp2 is identical, but is offset from one another 90 degree.

The output end of first trsanscondutance amplifier 530 is coupled to the armature winding of the first transformer 535.Second mutual conductance is put The output end of big device 531 is coupled to the secondary windings of the second transformer 536.The secondary windings of transformer 535,536 is coupled to Output stage 540, the latter receive the transformer output signal 537,538 from transformer 535,536.Transformer 535,536 can property It is supercharging or decompression in matter, and preferred feature is identical, it is assumed that the amplitude of input signal 532,533 is identical.Transformer 535,536 Single transformer can be embodied as by physics, it, which has, is used for input signal 532,533 and the list for output signal 537,538 Only winding, but identical magnetic core is shared, or two single transformers can be embodied as by physics.

Output stage 550 preferably comprises a pair of rectifier blocks 560,561, and it can be embodied in such as all-wave reorganizer bridge. The secondary signal 537 exported from transformer 535 is provided to the first rectifier block 560 of output stage 550.To output stage 550 The second rectifier block 561 signal 539 of the secondary output from transformer 536 is provided.Each rectifier block 560,561 can It is embodied in such as all-wave reorganizer bridge.In this case, the commutation output signal of rectifier block 560,561 is believed for the cycle Number, its property is complementary, to be as a result constant DC level when being added together with.For the purpose, by rectifier block 560th, 561 output end is connected in series, and to combine commutation output signal therein in addition, therefore is provided and is basically unchanged in nature DC output signals 585, and be not usually required to energy storage/smoothing capacity device.In fact, can occur to fluctuate on a small quantity, phase can be passed through It is to small smoothing capacity device (not shown) that it is smooth, the capacitor, such as rectifier block can be provided in any appropriate location 560th, 561 output end, and/or intersect load 570 and the capacitor is provided.Therefore provide constant DC to load 570 and export electricity Source signal.

Optionally, feedback can be provided by sense amplifier 590, it samples DC output signals 585, and is controlled to voltage Amplifier 515 provides voltage back signal, and voltage-adjusting amplifier 515 is sequentially adjusted in the amplitude of input waveform 512,513, with Just it is adapted to trsanscondutance amplifier 530,531.By this way, DC output signals 585 can be maintained at constant voltage level.It is preferred that Feedback loop is designed, so that trsanscondutance amplifier 530,531 is run close to the guide rail of maximal efficiency, but it is also remote enough, to put Big device and does not shorten still in the range of linearity of operation.Voltage back loop helps to ensure that voltage level is kept relatively not Become, even if it is also such that the feature (i.e. its resistance) of load fluctuates over time.Also voltage back can be used, so that it is guaranteed that such as Fruit input voltage declines (for example, being used as input source using battery), and output voltage will remain relatively unchanged over.

The operation of power supply 500 is approximately similar to Fig. 1 power supply 500, by the output signal 123,124 of waveform generator 105 On current processing.Wherein input waveform 512,513 takes cycle shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B in Fig. 2 to interact out-phase/same The shape of phase raised cosine wave, as a result rectification and combined waveform will be similar to that the waveform shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2 Fig. 2 C, 2D and 2E. Input waveform 512,513 take interaction out-phase shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B in Fig. 3/with phase triangular wave triangular waveform when, knot Fruit rectification and combined waveform will be similar to that the waveform shown in above-mentioned Fig. 3 Fig. 3 C, 3D and 3E.On Fig. 1, it is any appropriate to can be used Periodic waveform, including the waveform with multi-harmonic or alternate waveform over time.By appropriate waveform described herein, Power supply 500 can cause constant DC output signals 585, and it does not need energy storage/smoothing capacity device in theory.

Another embodiment of power supply is shown in Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B, it is arranged using alternately amplifier.In these examples In, for purposes of simplicity, half primary side power supply is only shown；Circuit in reproducible each situation, so as to complete power supply Primary side part.Thus, the transformer 135 (T1) that the transformer 1148 shown in Figure 11 A corresponds to concept in Fig. 1, and incite somebody to action Using corresponding to second group of circuit of transformer 136 (T2) and the second transformer, so as to complete the primary side part of power supply.Equally Ground, due to only showing the power circuit 1102 in primary side in Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B, so the circuit in primary side will be usual Formed by the half-bridge circuit in such as Fig. 1, or (i.e. two poles of output stage 550 are formed by the rectifier 160 (R1) in Fig. 5 Pipe D1-D4).

Universal method in Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B uses plug-type Amplifier Design, and therefore, transformer 1148 has single Level winding 1146, but there are two armature windings 1147.

Figure 11 A example is looked first at, voltage source 1105,1106 produces output waveform 1112 and 1113 respectively, and it is close Shown in the superposed graph of voltage source 1105,1106.Periodic waveform of the waveform 1112 and 1113 generally respectively equal to shown in Fig. 2A The positive and negative half period.The waveform 1112 for the same phase raised cosine wave that the generation of first voltage source 1105 corresponds in Fig. 2A, and second Voltage source 1106 produces the waveform of the out-phase raised cosine wave corresponded in Fig. 2A；But with just and it is non-negative these ripples are shown because It is applied to the same phase side of double primary transformers 1148.Secondary transformer (not shown) for producing complementary waveform, will be to It provides two similar voltage sources, so as to produce the positive and negative half period for corresponding respectively to periodic waveform shown in Fig. 2 B, and And similarly, as the waveform in Fig. 2A and 2B, the waveform of phase deviation voltage generator 1105,1106.

Each waveform 1112,1113 forms one group with phase raised cosine wave, in this example embodiment, its phase deviation 180 degree each other. As output, voltage source 1105,1106 is provided to linear amplifier 1120,1121 respectively, it supplies field-effect transistor successively (FET)1130、1131.Each transistor 1130,1131 is connected to an armature winding 1147 of transformer 1148, and The source of each transistor is also connected to the in-phase input end of each signal generator 1120,1121, and connects each electric current Read resistor 1116 and 1117.Similarly, by the centre cap 1149 of transformer 1148 and the power supply of amplifier 1120,1121 Input is connected to separation power supply 1107, and the latter can include such as a Battery pack or other D/C powers.

Amplifier 1120 and transistor 1130 (Q1) and amplifier 1121 and transistor 1131 (Q2) form plug-type together Amplifier, it provides the definition electric current output that the voltage waveform 1112,1113 that source 1105 and 1106 applies defines.By current waveform Be supplied to transformer 1149, and then appear on secondary windings 1146, for by output stage (not shown in Figure 11 A) it is whole Stream.

In some constructions, Figure 11 A device can provide the advantage that, i.e., unipolarity power transistor can be utilized to fill Put, and driving voltage can be monopole and reference ground.

, can be traditionally in order to improve speed linear and in relatively low output current horizontal respone for best performance Method configures transistor 1130,1131, so as to conduct perpetual rest electric current.However, the entirety that the quiescent current is capable of reducing power source Efficiency.The operation arrangement being slightly improved in Figure 11 B can reduce the amount of quiescent current.Figure 11 B basic structure is similar to Figure 11 A, But the waveform of the offer of signal generator 1105,1106 is provided, so as to improve sound linear and in low output current level Speed is answered, and minimizes any reduction of whole efficiency simultaneously.Main drive waveforms 1112, the other cycle ripple of 1113 times displays Shape 1197,1198 is such range-adjusting figure, and it is by simultaneously added to the common mode waveform of half of plug-type amplifier Situation.The common mode waveform causes transistor 1130,1131 only attached close to zero region in each main waveform 1112,1113 Nearly conduction quiescent current；It is OFF all by transistor 1130,1130 deflections on other cycles conducted outside the cycle.Common mould Formula electric current causes transistor 1130,1131 only briefly to enter its conductive area before operation is required, thus reduces on Distortion.Common-mode currents in every half of output stage all compensate in transformer 1148, and not in transformer secondary output winding 1146 output end occurs.

The period that common mode waveform causes transistor 1130,1131 to conduct can be different in the example shown.By this Mode, compared with continuous conduction condition, it can substantially reduce the mean power caused by quiescent current and lose.

Power amplifier arrangement shown in Fig. 5 and Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B is referred to alternatively as linear transconductance amplifier, and it has Nominal flat frequency response, so as to its accurate complementary waveform replicated to the supply of its input.The complementary waveform non-sine, So for best performance, the high gain-bandwidth product from amplifier is usually required that.

, being capable of being suitably modified to put by complementary waveform in the case of the special complementary waveform shown in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B The loose limitation, integrator is configured in order to by amplifier.The closed loop response of integrator is generally with higher frequency with 6 decibels/times Sound interval declines, it is allowed to uses the amplifier with narrower open-loop bandwidth.

Figure 12 illustrates an example of the amplifier architecture that can be used together with this method.In this embodiment, with Design in Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B is identical, at the beginning of only showing the half that response associates the circuit of a transformer in two transformers Level side power supply.Identical with designing earlier, the transformer 1248 in the example has single secondary windings 1246, but with two Armature winding 1247.It is same as above, the power circuit 1202 in primary side is only shown, and it is used for time of half primary-side circuitry Circuit on level side will generally comprise bridge circuit, and it is similar to the circuit of such as half of output stage of this of Fig. 1 or Fig. 5.In the example In son, a pair of voltage sources 1205,1206 produce output waveform 1212 and 1213 respectively, and it is close to voltage source 1205,1206 Shown in accompanying drawing.The output of voltage source 1205,1206 is supplied to linearly by resistor 1270 (R3) and 1271 (R4) respectively Amplifier 1220,1221, while amplifier 1220,1221 supplies field-effect transistor (FET) 1230,1231 successively.It is each brilliant Body pipe 1230,1231 is connected to an armature winding 1247 of transformer 1248, and its source is also respectively connected to electricity Stream reads resistor 1216 and 1217, and is connected to each integrating condenser 1272 (C1) and 1274, respectively by resistor 1273 (R5) and 1275 (R6) are across vertical each integrating condenser.The centre cap 1249 and amplifier 1220 of transformer 1249, 1221 power input is connected to single power supply 1207, and the latter can include such as a Battery pack or other D/C powers.

In operation, completed by capacitor 1272 (C1) and 1273 (C2) from current sense resistor 1216 (R1) and 1217 (R2) feedback, and including resistor 1273 (R5) and 1274 (R6), so as to provide DC stability.Capacitor 1272 and 1273 Integrator action forces voltage to pass through resistor 1216 (R1) and 1217 (R2), and causes and compel to pass a current through transistor 1230 (Q1) and 1231 (Q2), so as to the integration of voltage exported for signal generator 1205 and 1206, as 1213 voltage.In order to Make the desired shape of currents match, so selection voltage waveform 1212 and 1213, so as to be the micro- of the waveform 203 shown in Fig. 2A Divide (or waveform 204 of primary side power circuit complementary portion), same (being similar to Figure 11 A), only with waveform 1212 and ripple The waveform 203 of another half period of shape 1213.Due to waveform being applied to the negative winding of double primary transformers 1248, so showing The property of ripple is just.

By omitting capacitor 1273 and 1274 (C1 and C2) and current sense resistor 1216 can be replaced with inductor With 1217 (R1 and R2) and construct replaceable integration construction.In this case, will be through the sensing by the electric current of inductor The voltage integrating meter of device.

These specific examples are not limited to using the integrator of power amplifier section.Fig. 5 power circuit it is more common In version, amplifier 530 and 531 can be configured to the trsanscondutance amplifier with integrator characteristics, provide it improvement voltage wave Shape substitutes the waveform 523 and 524 shown in Fig. 5.Waveform 1312,1313 in Figure 13 shows the improvement waveform for the purpose, And solid line shows the waveform 1303 after integrating, 1304 results.To can improve waveform 1312,1313 be described as it is sinusoidal or cosine wave Sequence, and sinusoidal or cosine wave reverses in the end of each circulation.It is identical with Fig. 2A and Fig. 2 B, waveform 1312,1313 and knot Fruit integrated waveform 1303,1304 shapes are identical, but phase deviation each other.

Also the target of low speed paper tape reader static power disspation can be realized by other means, such as by using feed-forward technique so as to linearizing work( Rate amplifier.Figure 14 illustrates this method.To put it more simply, the circuit 1402 shown in Figure 14 is put corresponding to Figure 11 A power The side of big device；In order to complete complete amplifier, it will thus provide second group of similar component, it puts corresponding to Figure 11 A power Big device second half；Then, whole group circuit will be replicated again successively, so as to provide in the rectification of power supply opposite side and combination Complementary signal.In fig. 14, amplifier 1420, transistor 1430 (Q1) and amplifier as resistor 1416 (R1) formation A1, it is performed as the amplifier in Figure 11 A, but with as little as zero quiescent current.By the defeated of transistor 1430 (Q1) Go out the armature winding that end 1432 is connected to double primary transformers (being similar to the transformer 1148 shown in Figure 11 A).DC electricity Source 1407 powers to amplifier 1420 and 1421, and the centre cap for being also connected to transformer (is similar to and is connected to figure The centre tapped DC source signals of 11A transformer 1148).

Amplifier 1421, transistor 1431 (Q2) and low-power error correction amplification as resistor 1417 (R2) formation A2, it amplifies and measured to A1 input voltage (output of signal generator 1405) and through resistor 1416 (R1) Difference between output voltage.The measurement version of the difference voltage is converted into the electric current by transistor 1431 (Q2), so as to It is added on the electric current from transistor 1430 (Q1).Above-mentioned work is partially completed using difference engine 1418, the difference engine, which receives, to be come From voltage source 1405 (V1) voltage signal, and subtract between (Q1) source of transistor 1430 and reading resistor 1416 (R1) Voltage signal on node.Therefore, correcting current is added in amplifier A2 outputs of error into compensation A1.Needed for amplifier A2 Electric current of the correcting current generally than amplifier A1 outputs is much smaller, and therefore amplifier A2 can be than amplifier A1 power more Low amplifier, and can also have smaller static power dissipation.

Similar to Figure 11 A, can by transistor to 1430,1431 output 1432 be supplied to a primary of transformer around Group.As shown in Figure 11 A, the feed-forward amplifier that another like configures can be connected to another armature winding of transformer.It is configurable Signal generator (1405 and its corresponding part), so as to produce similar to the letter in Figure 11 A or described here other embodiments Number.

The feedforward for replacing with the arrangement shown in the embodiment of application drawing 15 and return that use feedforward as shown in figure 14 is corrected Feedback technology.Identical with Figure 14, the circuit 1502 in Figure 15 corresponds to the side of Figure 11 A power amplifier；It is complete in order to complete Amplifier, it will thus provide second group of similar component, its corresponding to Figure 11 A power amplifier second half；Then, successively will Whole group circuit is replicated again, so as to provide for the complementary signal in the rectification of power supply opposite side and combination.In fig.15, amplifier 1520th, transistor 1530 (Q1) and impedor 1516 (Z4) formed as amplifier A1, it is such as the amplifier in Figure 11 A Equally perform, but with as little as zero quiescent current.Amplifier 1521, transistor 1531 (Q2) and impedor 1517 (Z3) low-power amendment amplifier is formed.Another impedor 1572 (Z2) formed as feedback channel, it is from amplifier 1520 output end is to its inverting terminal, and the inverting terminal of amplifier 1520 is connected to by impedor 1571 (Z1) Node between transistor 1530 (Q1) and impedor 1516 (Z4).If meet Z2Z4=Z1Z3, then Jiu Kecong By in offseting transistor 1530 (Q1) in transistor 1530 (Q1) and 1531 (Q2) electric current and formation output current Distortion.Thus, can be with as little as zero quiescent current operation amplifier stage A1 for maximal efficiency.

In addition, if selection impedor 1572 (Z2) is capacitor, it is inductor to select impedor 1516 (Z4), resistance Anti- element 1571 (Z1) and 1517 (Z3) are resistor, then just disclosure satisfy that the equilibrium equation, meanwhile, output current be from The input voltage V1 of signal generator 1505 integration, it is allowed to use the waveform shown in Figure 12.

In order to realize similar result, it is possible to use impedor Z1-Z4 other combinations, and impedor need not For unitary circuit element, but it can be element net.For example, impedor 1572 (Z2) can be capacitor, impedor 1571 (Z1) it is the combination of resistors in series and capacitor, impedor 1516 (Z4) is resistor, and impedor 1517 (Z3) is simultaneously Join the combination of resistor and capacitor.It can also use the waveform shown in Figure 12 as input.As another example, impedance element Part 1572 (Z2) can be capacitor, and impedor 1571 (Z1) is resistor, and impedor 1516 (Z4) is alternatively resistor, and And impedor 1517 (Z3) can capacitor.In this case, the device can use the input waveform shown in Figure 11 A, or Other appropriate waveforms.

Wave filter on another impedor and input replaced with reference to Z3, the input are same for amplifier 1521 Phase input.Also amplifier can be corrected to replace by adding feedback element 1675 (Z5) as shown in figure 16 and 1676 (Z6) A2 translation function.For example, impedor 1675 (Z5) can be resistor, and impedor 1676 (Z6) can be capacitor.Can Amplifier A2 translation function is improved, so that impedor 1617 (Z3) looks like different types of impedor；For example, It can it is expected to perform impedor 1617 (Z3) with resistor, thus avoid using using impedor 1617 as wattless component. Other aspects, Figure 16 is identical with Figure 15, and the component 16XX in Figure 16 corresponds roughly to its corresponding component 15XX in Figure 15.

Although having described and having presented correction technique on special power amplifier tectonogram Feed Forward Error Correction and feedforward add-back, But it is also applied for other power amplifiers and relevant design.

Fig. 7 show substantially according to Fig. 8 concept map principle power supply 700 embodiment block diagram, it is to switch electricity Container is implemented.As other examples described here, power supply 700 can be by local power supply, such as battery, or by external power source, example As line power supply is powered.In this example embodiment, waveform generator includes a pair of signal generators 705,715, and it, which is produced a pair, is preferably The complementary waveform signal 706,716 of periodic property, and it generally has V as described above_IN1、V_IN2Characteristic, i.e., its through into Shape and selection, so as to after by by level conversion, rectification and combination, there is provided constant DC outputs.The example of the waveform is shown Out-phase/(according to an example, correspond respectively to waveform signal 706 with phase raised cosine singal waveform 707 and 717 is interacted for the cycle With 716).Complementary periodic waveform signal 706,716 is optionally supplied to voltage-adjusting amplifier (VCA), for based on from DC output signals 785 receive feedback signal (not shown) and adjust the amplitude of waveform signal 706,716.

Waveform signal 706 is provided to trsanscondutance amplifier 731 and 751, and waveform letter is provided to trsanscondutance amplifier 741 and 761 Numbers 716.Trsanscondutance amplifier 731,741,751 and 761 exports the electric current proportional to its input voltage, and thus can be considered as VCCS.The effect of trsanscondutance amplifier 731 and 741 is such, i.e., substantially converts waveform signal 706,716 For the current waveform 735,745 of analogous shape.The effect of trsanscondutance amplifier 751 and 761 be it is such, i.e., by waveform signal 706, 716 are substantially converted into the current waveform 755,765 of analogous shape, but property is reversed, because waveform signal 706,716 is by coupling It is bonded to the inverting terminal of trsanscondutance amplifier 751 and 761.As Fig. 5 embodiment, being converted into electric current drive waveforms can be under Trip processing is favourable, and can cause improvement EMI features.Trsanscondutance amplifier 731,741,751 and 761 can amplify with the above Device is like configurations.

For the example shown in Fig. 7, the current characteristic of signal 735 and 745 is, interaction out-phase/with phase raised cosine wave (letter Numbers 735 identical with 745 current waveform, but is offset from one another 90 degree), and the voltage signal on signal 735 and 745 accordingly Usually such square wave, its have correspond to the phase raised cosine wave period constant positive voltage, and corresponding to out-phase rise more than The constant negative voltage of string ripple period.Identical with the current waveform of signal 735 and 745, voltage waveform is also identical, but is offset from one another 90 degree.The electric current and voltage characteristic of signal 755 and 765 are opposite with signal 735 and 745.Thus, the signal 755 in the example Current characteristic with 765 is, with phase/out-phase raised cosine wave, (current waveform of signal 755 and 765 is identical, but each other for interaction 90 degree of skew), and the voltage signal on signal 755 and 755 is usually such square wave accordingly, it, which has, corresponds to same phase The constant positive voltage of raised cosine wave period, and the constant negative voltage corresponding to the out-phase raised cosine wave period.With signal 755 and 765 current waveform is identical, and voltage waveform is also identical, but is offset from one another 90 degree.

Trsanscondutance amplifier 731,741,751 is coupled to similar component net with 761 each output end, its run from And (or reduction) input voltage level is raised, and using the principle of such as boost charge switched-capacitor circuit, to load 770 There is provided and exported as the level conversion of constant D/C power signal 785.The output end of first trsanscondutance amplifier 731 is coupled to electric capacity Device 732, the other end of the latter are coupled to input power guide rail 789.Trsanscondutance amplifier 731 applies the level liter of signal to cause The mode of high (approximately twice as) plays cycle charging capacitor 732, thus causes level shifted signal 737.Diode 734 For rectifier boost (decompression) signal 737.By similar mode, respectively by trsanscondutance amplifier 741,751 and 761 coupled to electricity Container 742,752 and 762, each of the latter are coupled to input power guide rail by diode 743,753 and 763 respectively 789.Capacitor 742,752 forms switched-capacitor circuit with 762 and the diode 743,753 and 763 that associates, and it raises input Signal level, thus form level shifted signal 745,755 and 765.Commutation diode 744,754 and 764 be used for by with it is whole Stream relative to boosting (or decompression) signal 737 the identical mode of diode 734, respectively rectifier boost (or decompression) signal 747, 757 and 767.Coming from the other combination of the rectified signal of level shifted signal 737 and 757, for example figure 7 illustrates it is similar to Waveform 213 in Fig. 2.It is similar in the identical instances to come from level shifted signal 737 and the other combination of 757 rectified signal With the waveform 214 in Fig. 2, namely be derived from level shifted signal 737 and 757 rectified signal other combination caused by it is identical 90 degree of shifted versions of waveform.As described above, waveform 213 and 214 is combined as constant DC signal levels in addition.

Thus, by the way that four rectified signals from level shifted signal 737,747,757 and 767 are combined one Rise, final result is boosting (or decompression) DC signals 785, and it is basically unchanged in nature, and is not usually required to energy storage/smoothing capacity Device.In fact, a small amount of fluctuation is may occur in which, can be by can such as be provided in any convenient location through load 770 relatively small The smooth fluctuation of smoothing capacity device.Constant DC out-put supply signals are thus provided to load 770.The design of four phases, which also ensure that, to be come From the electric current of power supply 789 substantially without fluctuation.Fig. 7 example shows the single-stage that voltage rises, but identical principle can be applied In multistage boost converter.

On the one hand, Fig. 7 is shown with the booster of capacitor, and the capacitor provides single-stage boosting, about supply voltage V_supplyTwice.This can be extended by adding further rectifier and capacitor shown in the embodiment in such as Figure 17 Method, so as to provide further voltage-boosting stage.In fig. 17, voltage waveform V1 and V2 can be same as shown in Figure 7 (i.e. similar to ripple Shape 707 and 717).The component for being is marked to generally correspond to mark its corresponding component for being in Fig. 7 in Figure 17.In addition, Second boosting (or decompression) DC signals 1795 are provided in fig. 17.Using Fig. 7 same principle, in addition defeated is added to circuit Go out capacitor 1772', and by diode 1732', 1733', 1743', 1744', 1752', 1753', 1762' and 1763', to be charged other capacitors (1732,1742,1752 and by diode/capacitor constructions similar shown in Fig. 7 762) mode, periodically charging capacitor 1732', 1742', 1752' and 1762'.Further power amplifier is not needed Level, although it can optionally employ, and the input and output pulsation of device are still very low.Through the voltage of trsanscondutance amplifier output end Square wave is remained, it is identical with Fig. 7, so can be with the whole amplifier of very high efficiency service chart 17.

Technology for the positive boosting shown in Fig. 7 and Figure 17 also can be used in producing inverter, and it is by changing rectification The polarity of device, and charging rectifier reference ground rather than positive voltage are realized.Can be by two-stage liter by double booster power methods Pressure is combined as one group of power boost device identical mode, can realize identical purpose by being just accord with inversion boosting device.Figure 18 shows Go out such schematic diagram, it is shown with the power supply for being just accord with inversion boosting device electrical combination.Herein, the top half of circuit, i.e., With circuit equivalent of the phase power section 1802 substantially with Figure 17, and inverter part 1803 is added.Thus, in figure 18, Its corresponding part for generally corresponding to mark with 7XX in Fig. 7 with the 18XX components marked.In inverter part 1803, lead to Cross diode 1837,1838,1847,1848,1857,1858,1867 and 1868, by similar to charging capacitor 1832, 1842nd, 1852 and 1862 mode, the charging capacitor 1836,1846,1856 and 1866 for periodically charging other, but use Opposite electrode, and identical input waveform is used, so result is the negative supply output voltage through output capacitor 1876 1896.By this way, power supply can provide positive output voltage 1885 and negative output voltage 1896 in identical device.

Fig. 6 shows the simplified block diagram of an example of diagram signal generator 600, and it can be with various realities disclosed herein Apply example to be used together, there is interaction out-phase/with the waveform of phase raised cosine wave so as to produce.As shown in fig. 6, signal generator 600 The first sinusoidal waveforms generator 602 can be included, it has the output 603 of sine wave, and the sine wave has in ± Vs Peak value.Extremely add and device 610 using sine wave signal 603 as input coupling.It is DC input signals to add other inputs with device 610 608, it is in fixed horizontal ± Vs.Consequential signal 607 be sine wave signal 603 DC shifted versions, its have ground and ± Peak value between Vs.DC skew sine wave signals 607 are divided to has analog converter 604 for two paths, one of path, It exports the phase transformation version of DC skew sine wave signals 607, and peak value is between ground and-Vs.Optionally, in order to which gain is adjusted It is whole, optionally provide DC skew sine wave signals 607 and conversion DC skew sine wave signals to a pair of amplifiers 605,606 609, and the gain of two amplifiers 605,606 is identical.The output 612,613 for coming from amplifier 605,606 is offset just for DC String ripple, similar to input signal 607,609, it is on phase shift each other.Switch 620 alternately, comes every time between output 612,613 Just changed between the two outputs when reaching its summit from the sine wave of lower amplifier 606, the time from top with putting The time that the sine wave of big device 605 reaches its low spot is identical.The result is such output signal 621, its in each cycle, Between " same to phase " raised cosine wave and " out-phase " raised cosine wave alternately, such as the output V in Fig. 6₁It is shown, with mutually and more than out-phase liter Smooth transformation be present between string ripple.

Similar technology can be used so as to produce the 90 of output signal 621 degree of phase-shifted versions.Signal generator 600 can include Second sinusoidal waveforms generator 622, it has the output 623 for the sine wave for including the peak value at ± Vs.Signal 623 For the inversion version of signal 603；Thus, also signal 623 only can be produced by inverter signal 603.Sine wave signal 623 is made Extremely add and device 630 for input coupling.It is DC input signals 608 to add other inputs with device 630, and it is in fixed horizontal-Vs. Consequential signal 627 is the DC shifted versions of sine wave signal 623, and it has the peak value between ground and-Vs.DC is offset into sine wave Signal 627 is divided to has analog converter 624 for two paths, one of path, and it exports DC skew sine wave signals 627 Phase transformation version, and peak value is between ground and+Vs.Optionally, for Gain tuning, optionally to a pair of amplifiers 625, 626 provide DC skew sine wave signals 627 and change DC skew sine wave signals 629, and the gain of two amplifiers 625,626 It is identical.Come from the output 632,633 of amplifier 625,626 and offset sine wave for DC, similar to input signal 627,629, its On phase shift each other.Between output 632,633 alternately, the sine wave of amplifier 626 reaches it to switch 640 from below every time Just changed between the two outputs during summit, the time and the sine wave from top amplifier 625 reach its low spot when Between it is identical.The result is such output signal 641, and it is in each cycle, more than " same to phase " raised cosine wave and " out-phase " liter Between string ripple alternately, such as the output V in Fig. 6₂It is shown, smooth transformation be present between phase and out-phase raised cosine wave.

In transformer reference power supply embodiment disclosed herein, input signal V can be used as_IN1And V_IN2It is used together output 621 With 641.

In special applications, the output signal for carrying out automatic signal generator 600 may pass through small capacitor or high frequency filter, from And remove can it is careless in signal generator 600 caused by any participation DC components.In addition, know according to the wide scholar in this area Technology, various bias current adjustment and other implementation details can be added.

Other technologies alternatively are used, so as to produce cycle interactive waveform.For example, digit synthesis can be used, so as to produce Raw above-mentioned similar waveform.Implement according to one kind shown in Fig. 9, waveform generator 900 is in look-up table 905 (for example, read-only storage (ROM) or other nonvolatile memories) in stored waveform data in digital form, and in microcontroller, microsequencer, have Read in the proper sequence under the control of limit state machine or other controllers.Can be to a pair of digital-analog convertors (DAC) 910th, 911 data signal is provided, a kind of waveform is provided to each converter.In other words, the conversion of the first DAC 910 outputs first Waveform 914, and the 2nd DAC 911 exports the second converted-wave 915, as described above, its but skew identical with first waveform 90 degree.In order to smooth converted-wave 914,915 is provided to wave filter 920,921.Transformer reference power supply disclosed herein is implemented In example, input signal V can be used as_IN1And V_IN2It is used together output 930 and 931.

In other embodiments, the rotarization mechanical generator similar to hub dynamo principle can be used, so as to produce Life has above-mentioned interaction out-phase as shown in Figure 2 and the waveform with phase raised cosine wave feature.The waveform generator can be particularly suitable for The larger wattage application of invention Power Management Design disclosed herein.Hub dynamo generally passes through the rotation of the permanent magnet on axle Operation, and magnet is disposed in coil.It has been observed that waveform as the carry-out bit of hub dynamo, it has interaction different Mutually and with phase raised cosine wave.Such as complementary waveform can be produced by the following method, that is, increase on the first magnet vertical orientation Second permanent magnet, the latter and the first magnet are coaxial, but the second coil separates with first coil.It is preferred that two permanent magnets have Identical size and physical features, two coils are also in this way, it can be laterally offset from each other along the length of axle.Can be by any Appropriate method realizes the rotation of axle, including motorization technology, wind-force or other method.More generally, rotation AC can be used Generator produces appropriate waveform, and the generator has the coil on the motion of one or more magnetic field rotatings.

In the case of using power supply so as to which relatively high D/C voltage is converted into relatively low D/C voltage, on the one hand, relatively high High frequency AC waveform caused by voltage DC sources is by for example, by graphic one or more small changes in various embodiments described here Depressor and transformation is low voltage.The design of power supply can make it possible situations below, i.e., after rectifier transformer signal, it is not necessary to Big energy-storage capacitor is so as to smoothly from the voltage of transformer output.The input and output of power converter can be in theory all Without fluctuation on level, so the extra magnetic assembly of purpose need not be filtered.Such as compared with traditional switch power supply, eliminate output storage It can require and full filtering can reduce size and cost.

As described above, actually, it may be desired to some small output capacitances, so as to reduce from transformer stage or otherwise Any remaining fluctuation.The slight fluctuations can be caused by induction coefficient intrinsic in amplifier stage.It is expected about 300-600nF electricity Holding to be suitable for 50 watts of power supplys of 25 kilo hertzs of periodic waveform operations.Electric capacity needed for the capacity ratio traditional switch power supply of the size It is much smaller.

Other technology available for any remaining fluctuation for reducing output end is to use low voltage difference (LDO) linear regulation Device.LDO linear regulators can generally include the power fet with output signal arranged in series.Differentiating amplifier is in this way Power fet is controlled, to keep the small D/C voltage that LDO linear regulators are inputted between output poor.Voltage difference is maintained at this The value of sample, it is higher than the peak-to-peak fluctuation voltage of finishing circuit output end.LDO linear regulators are configured, so as to pass through wave filter Refuse fluctuation voltage, and prevent it from appearing in its output end.It is described herein as and schemes due to it is generally desirable to remaining fluctuation voltage It is fairly small in the embodiment of solution, so linear regulator is to reduce or eliminate remaining one fluctuated to select, thus reduces or disappear Except the needs to small smoothing capacity device, the capacitor can be additionally needed and be in output end, and not appreciably affect efficiency.

Two transformers can be used to establish some power supply embodiments disclosed herein.Can be by the shape fabricating of these transformers It is small, thus not appreciably affect the overall dimensions of power electronics.For example, for 200 watts of power supplys of audio system, can be used A pair of toroidal transformers, the size of each of which is 1 ".As a result, the power ratio is more compact similar to the traditional switch power supply of wattage.

Power supply described here is not limited to the power bracket of several hectowatts, but can also be used for kilowatt or bigger DC-DC In conversion application.

Compared with traditional Switching Power Supply, power supply embodiment disclosed herein can have the EMI substantially reduced.Work as voltage wave Shape apparently as in Fig. 2 when, as cycle out-phase/with phase raised cosine wave when, corresponding current waveform is square wave, from EMI viewpoint See, less desirably the waveform.Fig. 5 embodiment solves these problems by the following method, i.e., by out-phase/with phase raised cosine Ripple is translated into current waveform before being sent to transformer stage.Relative smooth current waveform in the embodiment alleviates EMI Harm.Although corresponding voltage waveform is changed into square wave, compared with current square wave is by caused electromagnetic radiation, will be easier to shield Cover and handle static sent out caused by voltage square wave.

Although due to preferred input and the low fluctuation property of output voltage and current waveform, described DC-DC conversion sides EMI caused by method can be very low, but may reduce effective EMI on the complementary waveform frequency of time by adjustment and put Penetrate.The adjustment of the type will cause the remaining spectral components interfered to be distributed in broader spectral bandwidth, thus reduce any give Determine the average interference amplitude in frequency.Adjusting waveform being capable of bit period or random (including pseudorandom) in nature.In Figure 10 In show that a class frequency adjusts the example of complementary waveform 1030,1031.The specific example is based on wide-band LFM, and in Figure 10 The wavelength of waveform 1030,1031 is exaggerated with the skew of time only for graphic purpose.

The various power supply embodiments that may be incorporated in this description use a variety of different design of transformer and technology.Can be according to the phase The application of prestige and select special design of transformer.For example, two-wire winding can be used in transformer, wherein primary and secondary coil exists It is wound before magnetic core, is coiled in together, this there can be the effect for reducing leakage inductance.Alternatively, coaxial winding can be used, Wherein by primary and with secondary coil coaxial combination, this also can obviously reduce leakage inductance.

In terms of transformer shape and construction, in order to realize special small profile and potential simpler manufacture, transformation Device can be annular or can be plane (having helix windings).Alternatively using by one group of hollow cube magnetic core around Group, as Herbert United States Patent (USP) 4,665,357 in it is substantially described, it is for reference to be contained in this.Another possibility is that Be processed into the toroidal core side wall of square rim hollowing out in groove be implanted into a primary/secondary windings it is (double Twisted wire or coaxial twisted wire), as Meretsky et al. United States Patent (USP) 4,210,859 in it is substantially described, be contained in this for With reference to.In this example embodiment, similar to traditional endless transformer, another primary/secondary windings is repeated into wounded core, but It is that the primary/secondary winding is twisted-pair feeder or coaxial twisted wire.So provide vertically without interactional magnetic field, and provide more High energy density.The design allows two separated transformers to share same magnetic core.

Certainly, other design of transformer can also be used.

Power Management Design described here and technology, including local battery electricity can be used together with different types of power input Source, or line power supply, before being converted into DC output levels, input DC level is converted into first.It is first during using AC line power supplys First rectified line AC voltages, so as to produce high pressure DC.Although and then DC-DC transfer processes can be performed with relative high frequency rate, with Switched mode power converter is different, and the AC waveforms that the process uses have the horizontal component of very low radio frequency, so Electromagnetic interference is not problem.In this way using AC waveforms smooth and with low EMI, so that power supply is still kept very High efficiency is generally identical with traditional switched-mode power supply or more efficient than its.

According to some embodiments disclosed herein, high frequency AC waveform caused by high pressure DC is passed through into one or more changes again Depressor is converted to low voltage.However, particular design potentially avoid after rectification for the storage capacitor of smooth output voltage The needs of device.In all output level the fluctuation of converter input and output can be excluded in theory, so need not filter Extra magnetic assembly.Compared with Switching Power Supply, the elimination for exporting energy storage demand and filtering entirely generally reduces size and cost.

Eliminate output energy-storage capacitor and further bring benefit.Power supply according to the embodiment disclosed herein can quickly ring Answer control signal, thus can as effective, high quality, low noise and low EMI audio-frequency power amplifiers it is quick with Track power supply uses.When D/C power can be obtained by battery or external power source, so that it may omit input filter and energy storage, and by In eliminating output energy-storage capacitor, it becomes possible to which the profile for doing power supply is very small.

This method causes effective power supply, because the loss of EMI losses is not associated, or loss reduction, and do not need to solve Power device dynamic switch certainly is instantaneous, so actually efficiency can be more than 90%.

Compared with switched-mode power supply, the pattern of driving transformer, eliminate switch product and control the simplification of framework can Effectively design processes simplified, and shorten time to market.

It can find the purposes of invention Power Management Design described and illustrated herein in numerous applications, including audio devices, just Take formula electronic equipment (for example, laptop computer, cell phone or wireless device etc.), military, avionic device, medical Equipment, solar energy conversion, power distribution etc..

In various embodiments, the power supply according to embodiment described here structure can find specific use, for example, automobile In industry, as the vehicle power for audio-frequency amplifier.The embodiment disclosed herein can cause smaller, lighter and/or thinner Power supply, it can be relatively cheap, efficiently, and have less primary clustering, while relatively good from the viewpoint of the EMI.Due to It can be easier to design and produce power supply, so can quickly launch it, thus cause faster product design week Phase.In addition, low radiate time and the cost for also reducing proof.Simple design process, low component cost and low proof cost Cause the cost savings more considerable than existing power supply method.Similarly, small profile, low cost and weight and low-down radiation are permitted Perhaps invention power supply is used in position in the car, and this is also very difficult by switched-mode power supply design at present.

Product is run for portable battery, small profile ability provides the form factor being difficult at present.

For the heavily loaded power distribution application of more commonization, it is not necessary to produced using big stored energy assembly defeated without fluctuating The ability gone out has a clear superiority than existing method.

In different embodiments, there is provided low cost, light weight, effective, insulation, the DC power outputs conversion of quick response Device, it has happy low input and output pulsation, and low-down EMI radiation.Power converter usually requires that very small Output storage capacity, and can also be implemented with very small configuration.Design process is also changed than conventional switch mode Device is simpler, so causing faster design process.It is logical in concept although can have advantageous applications for audio-frequency amplifier It is allowed to be applied in many power-conversion applications with principle.

Some embodiments described here produce DC output letters by combining two kinds of rectified signals with special characteristic Number.However, identical principle can be extended to such construction, it has three kinds or more rectifications and the signal combined in addition, Assuming that the waveform that selection is appropriate.

Although there is described herein preferred embodiment, in idea of the invention and scope, there may be many variants. After explanation and accompanying drawing is read, those of ordinary skill in the art are readily apparent that the variant.Therefore except in any accessory claim Spirit and scope outside, do not limit the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of power supply, it is included：

Waveform generator, it exports first waveform and the second waveform, and the first waveform is included more than the first same phase of alternating/out-phase liter String waveform, second waveform include the second same phase/out-phase raised cosine waveform of alternating, and described first replaces more than same phase/out-phase liter String waveform replaces same phase/out-phase raised cosine waveform skew 180 degree with described second；

First rectifier bridge, it is coupled to the first waveform, and first rectifier bridge exports the first rectified signal；

Second rectifier bridge, it is coupled to second waveform, and second rectifier bridge exports the second rectified signal；And

DC output signals, it is by continuously plus with first rectified signal and second rectified signal forming.

2. power supply according to claim 1, wherein the DC output signals have the output level of somewhat constant.

3. power supply according to claim 1, further comprises：

The waveform generator handles and combines the first signal and secondary signal, to produce the same phase/out-phase liter of first alternating Cosine waveform and the same phase/out-phase raised cosine waveform of second alternating, first signal have with phase monocycle sine wave Sequence, the secondary signal have the sequence of out-phase monocycle sine wave.

4. power supply according to claim 1, wherein the first waveform and second waveform each include current waveform.

5. power supply according to claim 1, wherein second rectified signal and first rectified signal skew 180 Degree.

6. a kind of method for power conversion, it is included：

The first input waveform is produced, first input waveform includes first group of sinusoidal character；

The second input waveform is produced, second input waveform includes second group of sinusoidal character, and described second group sinusoidal bent Line feature and first group of sinusoidal character phase offset 180 degree；

Amplify and change first input waveform to produce the first middle waveform, the first middle waveform includes first group of phase The raised cosine wave of same polarity；

Amplify and change second input waveform to produce the second middle waveform, the second middle waveform includes second group of liter Cosine wave, second group of raised cosine wave and first group of raised cosine wave are in time alternately and opposite in polarity；

Rectification simultaneously combines the described first middle waveform and the second middle waveform to produce the first rectified waveform；

The 3rd input waveform is produced, the 3rd input waveform includes the 3rd group of sinusoidal character；

The 4th input waveform is produced, the 4th input waveform includes the 4th group of sinusoidal character, and described 4th group sinusoidal bent Line feature and the 3rd group of sinusoidal character phase offset 180 degree；

Amplify and change the 3rd input waveform to produce the 3rd middle waveform, the 3rd middle waveform includes the 3rd group of phase The raised cosine wave of same polarity；

Amplify and change the 4th input waveform to produce the 4th middle waveform, the 4th middle waveform includes the 4th group of liter Cosine wave, the 4th group of raised cosine wave are alternately and opposite in polarity with the 3rd group of raised cosine wave；

Second composite signal, the second composite signal tool are produced according to the 3rd middle waveform and the 4th middle waveform There are out-phase raised cosine wave and the alternate sequence with phase raised cosine wave；

Rectification simultaneously combines the 3rd middle waveform and the 4th middle waveform to produce the second rectified waveform；And

Add with first rectified waveform and second rectified waveform to produce DC power signals.

7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein the DC power signals have the output level of somewhat constant.

8. according to the method for claim 6, wherein amplifying and changing first input waveform, second incoming wave Shape, the 3rd input waveform and the 4th input waveform are included respectively to first input waveform, second input Waveform, the 3rd input waveform and the 4th input waveform are integrated.

9. according to the method for claim 8, wherein to first input waveform, the second input waveform, the 3rd incoming wave Being each amplified and integrating using the trsanscondutance amplifier with integrator characteristics in shape and the 4th input waveform.

10. according to the method for claim 9, wherein by from described first, second, third or the 4th middle waveform couple At least one capacitor to the input of respective trsanscondutance amplifier provides the integrator characteristics.