CN105069260A - Optimization design method for secondary vertical suspension optimal damping ratio of high-speed railway vehicle - Google Patents

Optimization design method for secondary vertical suspension optimal damping ratio of high-speed railway vehicle Download PDF

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CN105069260A
CN105069260A CN201510557973.XA CN201510557973A CN105069260A CN 105069260 A CN105069260 A CN 105069260A CN 201510557973 A CN201510557973 A CN 201510557973A CN 105069260 A CN105069260 A CN 105069260A
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周长城
于曰伟
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Shandong University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an optimization design method for the secondary vertical suspension optimal damping ratio of a high-speed railway vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of high-speed railway vehicle suspension. The method comprises the steps that a vertical vibration optimization design simulation model of a secondary vertical suspension system is constructed, track vertical profile irregularity random input is taken as the input excitation, the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value minimum of vertical motion of a vehicle body and a truck frame is taken as the design objective, the best damping ratio, based on the comfortability and safety, of the secondary vertical suspension system is obtained through the optimization design, and then the secondary vertical suspension optimal damping ratio is obtained through calculation. According to the method, through the design example and SIMPACK simulation verification, it can be known that the accurate and reliable optimal damping ratio value of the secondary vertical suspension system can be obtained, and the reliable design method is supplied to the design of the secondary vertical suspension damping ratio of the railway vehicle; by utilizing the method, not only can the suspension system design level and the vehicle riding comfortability and safety of the high-speed railway vehicle be improved, but also the product design and test cost can be lowered.

Description

High speed railway car two is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio
Technical field
The present invention relates to high speed railway car suspension, particularly high speed railway car two is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio.
Background technology
Two is that vertical suspension system damping ratio has important impact to the riding comfort of high speed railway car and security, its design or choose, the important parameter of vertical suspension system vibration damper valves parameter institute foundation that to be design two be.But, known according to institute's inspection information, because rail vehicle belongs to Mdof Vibration System, carrying out dynamic analysis to it calculates very difficult, domestic and international is at present the design of vertical suspension damping ratio for high speed railway car two, never provide the theoretical design method of system, mostly choose certain damping ratio (usual experience damping ratio is 0.2 ~ 0.45) by experience, then, computer technology, utilize Dynamics Simulation soft sim PACK or ADAMS/Rail, optimized by solid modelling and determine its size, although the method can obtain reliable simulation numerical, vehicle is made to have good power performance, but, along with improving constantly of rail vehicle travel speed, people are that the design of vertical suspension damping ratio is had higher requirement to two, current two is that the method that vertical suspension damping ratio designs can not provide the innovation theory with directive significance, the development to absorber designing requirement in rail vehicle constantly speed-raising situation can not be met.Therefore, the Optimization Design that a kind of accurate, reliable high speed railway car two is vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio must be set up, meet the requirement to absorber designing in rail vehicle constantly speed-raising situation, improve design level and the product quality of high speed railway car suspension system, improve vehicle riding comfort and security; Meanwhile, reduce product design and testing expenses, shorten the product design cycle, strengthen the competitiveness in the international market of China's rail vehicle.
Summary of the invention
For the defect existed in above-mentioned prior art, technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide the Optimization Design that a kind of accurate, reliable high speed railway car two is vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio, and its design flow diagram as shown in Figure 1; 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom travels vertical direction vibration model figure as shown in Figure 2.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, high speed railway car two provided by the present invention is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio, it is characterized in that adopting following design procedure:
(1) set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation:
According to the fully loaded quality m of 1/4 single-unit car body of rail vehicle 2, the half m of single bogie frame quality 1; One is the equivalent stiffness K of vertical suspension 1, equivalent damping C 1; Two is the stiffness K of vertical suspension 2; To be designed two is the damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension, and wherein, two is the ratio of damping of vertical damper one be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d1, two be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d2; Be the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod with one d1, the vertical deviation z of bogie frame barycenter 1, two is the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod d2and the vertical deviation z of car body barycenter 2for coordinate; With track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus; Set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation, that is:
{ m 2 z ·· 2 + K 2 ( z 2 - z 1 ) + K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 C 2 ( z · d 2 - z · 1 ) - K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 m 1 z ·· 1 + K 1 ( z 1 - z v ) + K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) + K 2 ( z 1 - z 2 ) + C 2 ( z · 1 - z · d 2 ) = 0 C 1 ( z · d 1 - z · v ) - K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) = 0 ;
Wherein, C 2 = 2 ξ K 2 m 2 ;
(2) the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system is built:
The 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom according to setting up in step (1) travels the vertical vibration differential equation, utilizes Matlab/Simulink simulation software, builds the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system;
(3) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the car body catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c, that is:
J c = σ z ·· 2 ;
(4) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the bogie frame catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s, that is:
J s = σ z ·· 1 ;
(5) two is vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio ξ ooptimal design:
1. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (3) to set up based on two of comfortableness be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio cminimum value, it is the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system that corresponding design variable is based on two of comfortableness oc;
2. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (4) to set up based on two of security be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio sminimum value, it is the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system that corresponding design variable is based on two of security os;
3. be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of comfortableness according to optimizing what obtain in 1. step oc, and 2. to optimize what obtain in step be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of security os, utilize golden section principle, calculate the Optimal damping ratio ξ that two of inclined comfortableness is vertical suspension system o, that is:
ξ o＝ξ oc+(1-0.618)(ξ os-ξ oc)。
The advantage that the present invention has than prior art:
Because rail vehicle belongs to Mdof Vibration System, carrying out dynamic analysis to it calculates very difficult, domestic and international is at present the design of vertical suspension damping ratio for high speed railway car two, never provide the theoretical design method of system, mostly choose certain damping ratio (usual experience damping ratio is 0.2 ~ 0.45) by experience, then, computer technology, utilize Dynamics Simulation soft sim PACK or ADAMS/Rail, optimized by solid modelling and determine its size, although the method can obtain reliable simulation numerical, vehicle is made to have good power performance, but, along with improving constantly of rail vehicle travel speed, people are that the design of vertical suspension damping ratio is had higher requirement to two, current two is that the method that vertical suspension damping ratio designs can not provide the innovation theory with directive significance, the development to absorber designing requirement in rail vehicle constantly speed-raising situation can not be met.
The present invention travels the vertical vibration differential equation by setting up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom, utilize MATLAB/Simulink simulation software, construct the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system, and with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, minimum for design object with the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value of car body catenary motion, optimal design obtains being the optimum damping ratio of vertical suspension system based on two of comfortableness, minimum for design object with the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value of bogie frame catenary motion, optimal design obtains being the optimum damping ratio of vertical suspension system based on two of security, and then calculate the Optimal damping ratio that two are vertical suspension.By design example and SIMPACK simulating, verifying known, the method can obtain two being the optimal damper ratio of vertical suspension system accurately and reliably, and the design being vertical suspension damping ratio for high speed railway car two provides reliable method for designing.Utilize the method, not only can improve design level and the product quality of high speed railway car suspension system, improve vehicle riding comfort and security; Meanwhile, also can reduce product design and testing expenses, shorten the product design cycle, strengthen the competitiveness in the international market of China's rail vehicle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to understand the present invention better.
The design flow diagram of Fig. 1 to be high speed railway car two be vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio Optimization Design;
Fig. 2 is that 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom travels vertical direction vibration model figure;
The vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of Fig. 3 to be two of embodiment be vertical suspension system;
Fig. 4 is the German track transition random input stimuli z that embodiment applies v.
Specific embodiments
Below by an embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The fully loaded quality m of 1/4 single-unit car body of certain high speed railway car 2=14398kg, the half m of single bogie frame quality 1=1379kg, one is the equivalent stiffness K of vertical suspension 1=2.74 × 10 6n/m, equivalent damping C 1=28.3kN.s/m; Two is the stiffness K of vertical suspension 2=5.68 × 10 5n/m; One be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d1=40 × 10 6n/m, two be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d2=20 × 10 6n/m; To be designed two be the damping ratio of vertical suspension is ξ, and wherein, two is the ratio of damping of vertical damper this high speed railway car two is the Vehicle Speed v=300km/h required by the design of vertical suspension damping ratio, designs the Optimal damping ratio that this high speed railway car two is vertical suspension.
The high speed railway car two that example of the present invention provides is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio, and as shown in Figure 1,1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom travels vertical direction vibration model figure as shown in Figure 2 to its design flow diagram, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation:
According to the fully loaded quality m of 1/4 single-unit car body of rail vehicle 2=14398kg, the half m of single bogie frame quality 1=1379kg; One is the equivalent stiffness K of vertical suspension 1=2.74 × 10 6n/m, equivalent damping C 1=28.3kN.s/m; Two is the stiffness K of vertical suspension 2=5.68 × 10 5n/m; To be designed two is the damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension, and wherein, two is the ratio of damping of vertical damper one is the equivalent stiffness K that vertical damper end connects d1=40 × 10 6n/m, two is the equivalent stiffness K that vertical damper end connects d2=20 × 10 6n/m; Be the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod with one d1, the vertical deviation z of bogie frame barycenter 1, two is the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod d2and the vertical deviation z of car body barycenter 2for coordinate; With track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus; Set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation, that is:
{ m 2 z ·· 2 + K 2 ( z 2 - z 1 ) + K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 C 2 ( z · d 2 - z · 1 ) - K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 m 1 z ·· 1 + K 1 ( z 1 - z v ) + K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) + K 2 ( z 1 - z 2 ) + C 2 ( z · 1 - z · d 2 ) = 0 C 1 ( z · d 1 - z · v ) - K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) = 0 ;
Wherein, C 2 = 2 ξ K 2 m 2 ;
(2) the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system is built:
The 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom according to setting up in step (1) travels the vertical vibration differential equation, utilizes Matlab/Simulink simulation software, builds the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system, as shown in Figure 3;
(3) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the car body catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c, that is:
J c = σ z ·· 2 ;
(4) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the bogie frame catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s, that is:
J s = σ z ·· 1 ;
(5) two is vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio ξ ooptimal design:
1. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (3) to set up based on two of comfortableness be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio cminimum value, optimal design obtains being the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of comfortableness oc=0.2318;
Wherein, during Vehicle Speed v=300km/h, the German track transition random input stimuli z applied v, as shown in Figure 4;
2. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (4) to set up based on two of security be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio sminimum value, optimal design obtains being the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of security os=0.4821;
Wherein, during Vehicle Speed v=300km/h, the German track transition random input stimuli z applied v, as shown in Figure 4;
3. be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of comfortableness according to optimizing what obtain in 1. step oc=0.2318, and 2. to optimize what obtain in step be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of security os=0.4821, utilize golden section principle, calculate the Optimal damping ratio ξ that two of inclined comfortableness is vertical suspension system o, that is:
ξ o＝ξ oc+(1-0.618)(ξ os-ξ oc)＝0.3274。
According to the vehicle parameter that embodiment provides, utilize rail vehicle special software SIMPACK, can be obtained by solid modelling simulating, verifying, this high speed railway car two is the Optimal damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system o=0.3316; Known, utilize Optimization Design to obtain two is the Optimal damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system o=0.3274, the Optimal damping ratio ξ obtained with SIMPACK simulating, verifying o=0.3316 matches, and both are only 0.0042 at deviation, and relative deviation is only 1.26%, shows that set up high speed railway car two be the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio is correct.

Claims (1)

1. high speed railway car two is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio, and its specific design step is as follows:
(1) set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation:
According to the fully loaded quality m of 1/4 single-unit car body of rail vehicle 2, the half m of single bogie frame quality 1; One is the equivalent stiffness K of vertical suspension 1, equivalent damping C 1; Two is the stiffness K of vertical suspension 2; To be designed two is the damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension, and wherein, two is the ratio of damping of vertical damper one be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d1, two be vertical damper end connect equivalent stiffness K d2; Be the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod with one d1, the vertical deviation z of bogie frame barycenter 1, two is the vertical deviation z of vertical damper piston rod d2and the vertical deviation z of car body barycenter 2for coordinate; With track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus; Set up 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom and travel the vertical vibration differential equation, that is:
{ m 2 z ·· 2 + K 2 ( z 2 - z 1 ) + K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 C 2 ( z · d 2 - z · 1 ) - K d 2 ( z 2 - z d 2 ) = 0 m 1 z ·· 1 + K 1 ( z 1 - z v ) + K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) + K 2 ( z 1 - z 2 ) + C 2 ( z · 1 - z · d 2 ) = 0 C 1 ( z · d 1 - z · v ) - K d 1 ( z 1 - z d 1 ) = 0 ;
Wherein, C 2 = 2 ξ K 2 m 2 ;
(2) the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system is built:
The 1/4 car body four-degree-of-freedom according to setting up in step (1) travels the vertical vibration differential equation, utilizes Matlab/Simulink simulation software, builds the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model that two are vertical suspension system;
(3) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the car body catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of comfortableness c, that is:
J c = σ z ·· 2 ;
(4) foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s:
It is the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, be that vertical suspension damping ratio is for design variable with two, with track transition stochastic inputs for input stimulus, utilize the vibration acceleration root-mean-square value emulating the bogie frame catenary motion obtained foundation is the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio based on two of security s, that is:
J s = σ z ·· 1 ;
(5) two is vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio ξ ooptimal design:
1. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (3) to set up based on two of comfortableness be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio cminimum value, it is the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system that corresponding design variable is based on two of comfortableness oc;
2. be the vertical vibration optimal design realistic model of vertical suspension system according to set up in step (2) two, with track transition stochastic inputs z vfor input stimulus, utilize optimized algorithm to ask in step (4) to set up based on two of security be the optimal design objective function J of vertical suspension optimum damping ratio sminimum value, it is the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system that corresponding design variable is based on two of security os;
3. be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of comfortableness according to optimizing what obtain in 1. step oc, and 2. to optimize what obtain in step be the optimum damping ratio ξ of vertical suspension system based on two of security os, utilize golden section principle, calculate the Optimal damping ratio ξ that two of inclined comfortableness is vertical suspension system o, that is:
ξ o＝ξ oc+(1-0.618)(ξ os-ξ oc)。
CN201510557973.XA 2015-09-06 2015-09-06 High speed railway car two is the Optimization Design of vertical suspension Optimal damping ratio Expired - Fee Related CN105069260B (en)

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CN113212180A (en) * 2021-06-09 2021-08-06 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 Maglev train, suspension control system and vertical damping signal calculation method

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CN107042833A (en) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-15 阿尔斯通运输科技公司 For the method for the passenger comfort for optimizing rolling stock
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