CN105067794A - Method for testing water sensitivity, salt sensitivity and alkali sensitivity of shale reservoir stratum - Google Patents
Method for testing water sensitivity, salt sensitivity and alkali sensitivity of shale reservoir stratum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the damage evaluation field of working fluid on the reservoir stratum in reservoir stratum reconstruction and reservoir stratum protection processes in gas reservoir exploitation of shale, and especially relates to a method for testing water sensitivity, salt sensitivity and alkali sensitivity of shale reservoir stratum. In an industry standard method testing process, the method takes liquid as an experiment medium, the gas penetration capability is an important parameter for influencing the gas well productivity, the above method accords with a practical gas layer production case; when the liquid sensitivity of shale is evaluated by an industry standard method, due to low liquid permeability, flowing speed of liquid in rock core is slow, time for measuring liquid flow amount through the rock core is long, in the method provided in the invention, liquid flow amount through the rock core is not required for measuring, time is saved; when the liquid sensitivity of shale is evaluated by the industry standard method, liquid flow amount through the rock core is hardly measured, large error is generated, liquid flow amount through the rock core is not required for measuring in the invention provided in the method, and testing error is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reservoir reconstruction and reservoir protection course work fluid in the exploitation of a kind of shale gas reservoir and field is evaluated to the damaging of reservoir, a kind of particularly method of testing shale reservoir water sensitivity, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility.
Background technology
Shale gas reservoir reservoir structure is complicated, is low hole, Oil in Super-low Permeability type, and its reservoir properties feature is the key factor determining the design of shale gas development plan.In shale gas exploitation, in order to avoid with reduce injury to reservoir, development plan reasonable in design, determines that the extent of injury of fluid to reservoir is even more important.In current shale Fluid Sensitivity is evaluated, researchist also just continues to use industry standard simply, and existing industry standard is less than 1 × 10 in evaluation perm-plug method
-3μm
2reservoir fluid susceptibility time, also exists and require high to equipment performance, problems such as testing process is long, and experimental error is large, and gas permeability is the key parameter affecting gas reservoir development, and industry standard method employing liquid is test medium, survey be Test Liquid Permeability of Core.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides one and can evaluate perm-plug method and be less than 1 × 10
-3μm
2reservoir fluid susceptibility, the test duration is short, test data tests shale reservoir water sensitivity, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility accurately method.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of method of testing shale reservoir water sensitivity, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility, is characterized in that: step is as follows:
A, rock core accurately needed for experiment, and this rock core is positioned in core holding unit, adopt test gas to core test, draw gas permeability K
0;
B, preparing experiment medium, and test medium is assigned as initial sensitivity tests medium, initial in the middle of tested media and concentration be less than successively initial in the middle of tested media secondary one-level in the middle of tested media and these some grades middle tested media, rock core in step a is positioned in initial sensitivity tests medium completely and soaks, and initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state implement saturated, make the mineral matter in rock core and initial sensitivity tests medium initial reaction
C, rock core in step b is taken out by initial sensitivity tests medium, again put into core holding unit at normal temperatures, and rock core is in the confined pressure non-2.5MPa all the time in core holding unit, untapped initial middle tested media in optional step b, adopt test gas to order about initial middle tested media and infiltration is implemented to rock core, make to discharge rock core with rock core mineral through the initial sensitivity tests medium of initial reaction, initial middle tested media enters in rock core, the mineral matter in rock core is impelled fully to react with initial middle tested media, wherein the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa, continue 12-15 hours,
D, the rock core in step c to be taken out by the core holding unit in step c, then it is put into again the core holding unit of step a, and by test gas as actuated source, the major part of the rock core taken out in step c and the abundant reacted initial middle tested media of rock core mineral are expelled to outside rock core, and then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value K
i, the confined pressure wherein in core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, and the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa;
E, the rock core tested through steps d to be put in core holding unit again, the middle tested media of secondary one-level adopting test gas the concentration prepared in step b to be less than initial middle tested media infiltrates in rock core, rock core to be soaked in the middle of time one-level in tested media 12-15 hours, and the mineral matter in the middle of time one-level in tested media and rock core is fully reacted;
F, the rock core in step e taken out be placed in the core holding unit of step a, tested media in the middle of secondary one-level in the core of tested media immersion in the middle of time one-level in step e is discharged by nitrogen, then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value K
ii, wherein, the pressure of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa (confined pressure remains on 2.5MPa), and the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa.
G, repetition step e and step f, tested media is wherein transformed to the some grades of middle tested media that concentration is less than tested media in the middle of time one-level successively, implements to test simultaneously, obtain corresponding numerical value K by test gas to the gas permeability of rock core
iiito K
n.
H, finally the numerical value of the gas permeability in step a, steps d, step f and step g is referenced to gas permeability in rower formula implement calculate sensitivity assessment index accurately.
Test gas in the present invention can be nitrogen or methane.
In step b, initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state and implement the saturated time is 24 hours, and the equipment implementing to vacuumize to initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core is vacuum pump.
Adopt said method, adopt liquid to be test medium in industry standard method test process, and gas penetrating power is the important parameter affecting gas well deliverability, the therefore more realistic gas-bearing formation condition of production of said method; When industry standard method evaluates shale liquid-sensitive, because Test Liquid Permeability of Core is extremely low, liquid flowing velocity in rock core is extremely slow, causes measurement longer through the rock core fluid flow time, and does not need in said method to measure through rock core fluid flow, saved the time; When industry standard method evaluates shale liquid-sensitive, be difficult to measure the fluid flow by rock core, cause comparatively big error, and said method does not need to measure through rock core fluid flow, reduces test error; In range of value analysis design mothod, perm-plug method method can accurate evaluation permeability be comparatively 0.0007 × 10
- 3μm
2shale core, and industry standard method evaluation permeability be less than 0.0007 × 10
-3μm
2rock core time the failure of an experiment and evaluate permeability be 0.0014 × 10
-3μm
2parallel rock core time obtain Different Results.Show that perm-plug method method evaluates permeability range in shale gas-bearing formation water sensitivity evaluation wider than industry standard method.
Embodiment
The present invention is directed in existing industry standard and 1 × 10 is less than for the evaluation perm-plug method existed in the method for testing of shale reservoir fluid susceptibility
-3μm
2reservoir fluid susceptibility time, also exist and require high to equipment performance, the problems such as testing process is long, and experimental error is large, invented that a kind of feasibility is strong, evaluation precision is high, range of value is wide, can evaluate perm-plug method is less than 1 × 10
-3μm
2reservoir fluid susceptibility, the test duration is short, test data tests shale reservoir fluid susceptibility accurately method.
Step of the present invention is as follows: a, rock core accurately needed for experiment, and is positioned in core holding unit by this rock core, adopts test gas to core test, draws gas permeability k0;
Gas test rate method: rock core is placed in core holding unit, arranges confined pressure and remains on 2.5MPa, import termination test gas, outlet termination gas meter;
Open entrance point valve, adjustment entrance point pressure is a certain value in 0.5 ~ 1.5MPa, and tens minutes after pressure stabilisation, with gas flow agent test endpiece gas flow, according to permeability formula
K: gas permeability, × 10
-3μm
2; A: rock sample sectional area, cm
2; L: rock sample length, cm; P
1, P
2, rock core import and outlet pressures, 0.1MPa; P
0: atmospheric pressure, 0.1MPa; Μ: gas viscosity, mPas; Q
0: the flow cm under atmospheric pressure
3/ s.
B, preparing experiment medium, and test medium is assigned as initial sensitivity tests medium, initial in the middle of tested media and concentration be less than successively initial in the middle of tested media secondary one-level in the middle of tested media and these some grades middle tested media, rock core in step a is positioned in initial sensitivity tests medium completely and soaks, and initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state implement saturated, saturation time is 24 hours the bests, makes the mineral matter in rock core and initial sensitivity tests medium initial reaction.Initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state and implement the saturated time is 24-36 hours, and the equipment implementing to vacuumize to initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core is vacuum pump.The test medium of above-mentioned preparation, can convert according to specific needs, for different tests, different test mediums and different pH value can be selected, as when test water susceptibility, alkali susceptibility and brine sensitivity the test medium that adopts all can adopt Klorvess Liquid, wherein the change of pH value has following National Laboratory standard: water sensitivity: in the middle of initial, in the middle of tested media → afterbody, tested media is respectively: the KCl solution of 202g/L; The KCl solution of 101g/L; Deionized water (distilled water).Brine sensitivity: in the middle of initial, in the middle of tested media → afterbody, tested media is respectively: the KCl solution of 202g/L; The KCl solution of 101g/L; The KCl solution of 50.5g/L; The KCl solution of 20.2g/L; Deionized water (distilled water).Alkali is quick: in the middle of initial, in the middle of tested media → afterbody, tested media is respectively: the KCl solution of pH=7,202g/L; The KCl solution of pH=8.5,202g/L; The KCl solution of pH=10,202g/L; The KCl solution of pH=11,202g/L; The KCl solution of pH=12,202g/L.(above pH is the pH value of Chang Xuan, industry standard is described as: pH is from 7.0, regulate the pH value of Klorvess Liquid, the pH value of alkali lye is improved at the interval of medical record 1 ~ 1.5 pH value unit, until pH value is 13.0) in the step for experiment of the same race, the initial sensitivity tests medium mentioned in above-mentioned steps and follow-up initial middle tested media, in the middle of the secondary one-level of initial middle tested media, tested media and these some grades middle tested media are respectively identical medium, its difference is: initial sensitivity tests medium is the medium for soaking rock core, composition and the pH value of initial middle tested media and initial sensible medium are identical, just initial sensible medium is used for the immersion in early stage, can orientate initial middle tested media as is untapped initial sensible medium, in the middle of secondary one-level in the middle of tested media and these some grades tested media be then respectively pH value be less than gradually initial in the middle of the medium of tested media.
C, rock core in step b is taken out by initial sensitivity tests medium, again put into core holding unit at normal temperatures, and the confined pressure that rock core is in core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, untapped initial middle tested media in optional step b, adopt test gas to order about initial middle tested media and infiltration is implemented to rock core, make to discharge rock core with rock core mineral through the initial sensitivity tests medium of initial reaction, initial middle tested media enters in rock core, the mineral matter in rock core is impelled fully to react with initial middle tested media, wherein the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa, continue 12-15 hours, wherein, the pressure of entrance point is that 2.0Mpa is best, and the duration is 12 hours the bests.
D, rock core in step c is taken out by the core holding unit in step c, then it is put into again in new core holding unit, and by test gas as actuated source, the major part of the rock core taken out in step c and the abundant reacted initial middle tested media of rock core mineral are expelled to outside rock core, (under inlet-pressure is 1 ~ 2MPa, drive more than 24 hours with test gas, inlet-pressure is that 2MPa is best, drive and namely substantially meet gas-bearing formation practical condition in 24 hours), and then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value ki, confined pressure wherein in core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa,
E, the rock core tested through steps d to be put in core holding unit again, time middle tested media adopting test gas the concentration prepared in step b to be less than initial middle tested media infiltrates in rock core, rock core to be soaked in the middle of time one-level in tested media 12-15 hours, if make the mineral matter in a time middle tested media and rock core fully react;
F, test gas is injected in core holding unit, make nitrogen by tested media discharge in the middle of secondary one-level in core that in step e, tested media is soaked in the middle of time one-level (under the condition of the inlet-pressure identical with steps d and driving time, displacement is carried out) with test gas, then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value kii, wherein, the confined pressure of core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, and the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa.
G, repetition step e and step f, tested media is wherein transformed to the some grades of middle tested media that concentration is less than tested media in the middle of time one-level successively, implements to test simultaneously, obtain corresponding numerical value kiii to kn by test gas to the gas permeability of rock core.Experimental procedure herein can carry out some step operations as required.
H, finally the numerical value of the gas permeability in step a, steps d, step f and step g is referenced to gas permeability in rower formula implement calculate sensitivity assessment index accurately.As with D
k-sensitivity indices; K
0-rock sample perm-plug method, × 10
-3μm
2.K
ithe minimum permeability of rock sample after-fluid displacement, × 10
- 3μm
2for example.Its computing formula is as follows:
Above-mentioned core holding unit also can be one, also can be multiple, and preferred multiple core holding unit can shorten experimental period, improves experiment effect, so the present invention preferably adopts multiple core holding unit.
With concrete case study on implementation, uniqueness of the present invention is described below.
Case is " southwest, river Lower Cambrian Series Bamboo Temple group block reservoir fluid sensitive Journal of Sex Research ".In case, southwest, river Lower Cambrian Series Bamboo Temple group is one group of relatively hypoxia, the deep shelf of Lentic environment deposits mutually, black shale and Dark grey are grown containing arenaceous shale, planktonic organism brown alga, red algae are in great numbers, bottom is black-Dark grey carbonaceous shale and Dark grey, gray powder arenaceous shale and siltstone, and upwards color shoals gradually, becomes Containing Calcium Powder Sandstone, packsand, top is yellow green shale, occasionally presss from both sides pierite.Bamboo Temple group block reservoir factor of porosity measured value is 0.83% ~ 4.87%, average out to 2.44%, and the sample that factor of porosity is greater than 2% accounts for 61%, and permeability is measured value is 0.001 × 10
-3μm
2~ 0.010 × 10
-3μm
2, experimental evaluation this section of reservoir fluid susceptibility.
The pacing items implemented:
1. area selected by case possess good Use of Geophysical Data, Image Logging Data, Using Conventional Logs, coring data, areal geology basic data, for providing comprehensive basic data and data in this method research.
2. " hydrocarbon reservoirs and Development Engineering " National Key Laboratory provides liquid driving device and gas actuating device for experimental study.
The rock core choosing southwest, river Lower Cambrian Series Bamboo Temple group block reservoir physical parameter basically identical is made into parallel rock sample and renumbers, and comparison of design is tested.The parallel rock sample of selected part, carries out Fluid Sensitivity evaluation, assay result by perm-plug method method and industry standard method respectively.If evaluation result is consistent, then show that perm-plug method method has good feasibility in shale gas layer fluid sensitivity assessment.
In perm-plug method method precision evaluation experiment, utilize 2 blocks of rock cores of the parallel rock sample of same method evaluation, according to the precision of the water sensitive index comparison in difference evaluation method of parallel rock sample, parallel rock sample water sensitive index difference formula (1) represents.
△D
k＝|D
kA-D
kB|(1)
If differed greatly with the parallel rock sample water sensitive index of same method evaluation, show that the method error is comparatively large, evaluation precision is lower; Otherwise if water sensitive index difference is less, then show that the method error is less, evaluation precision is higher.
Perm-plug method method is evaluated in permeability range analysis design mothod, contrived experiment, compares the minimum permeability that industry standard method and perm-plug method method can be evaluated.
Implementation process is as follows: in feasibility assessment experiment, by contrast respectively by parallel rock sample sensitivity indices and the susceptibility degree of damage of two kinds of method evaluations, result is basically identical, shows that perm-plug method method has good feasibility.In degree of accuracy evaluation experimental, the parallel rock sample water sensitive index difference evaluated by perm-plug method method is less, and show that perm-plug method method error is less, precision is higher.In range of value analysis design mothod, perm-plug method method can accurate evaluation permeability be comparatively 0.0007 × 10
-3μm
2shale core, and industry standard method evaluation permeability be less than 0.0007 × 10
-3μm
2rock core time the failure of an experiment and evaluate permeability be 0.0014 × 10
-3μm
2parallel rock core time obtain Different Results.Show that perm-plug method method evaluates permeability range in shale gas-bearing formation water sensitivity evaluation wider than industry standard method.
Adopt the convenient test of the embodiment of the present invention, the data drawing list of the Bamboo Temple group block reservoir Fluid Sensitivity recorded is as follows:
Table 1 is Bamboo Temple group block reservoir Fluid Sensitivity laboratory sample inventory:
Table 1 Bamboo Temple group block reservoir Fluid Sensitivity laboratory sample inventory
Table 2 is Bamboo Temple group block reservoir water sensitivity evaluation result:
Table 2 Bamboo Temple group block reservoir water sensitivity evaluation result
Table 3 is the quick evaluation result of Bamboo Temple group block reservoir salt:
The quick evaluation result of table 3 Bamboo Temple group block reservoir salt
Table 4 is the quick evaluation result of Bamboo Temple group block reservoir alkali:
The quick evaluation result of table 4 Bamboo Temple group block reservoir alkali
Can find out by referring to above-mentioned chart, the structure adopting the method for testing of the embodiment of the present invention to test out is not only accurate, and can evaluate perm-plug method and be less than 1 × 10
-3μm
2reservoir fluid susceptibility, test duration short.
Claims (3)
1. test a method for shale reservoir water sensitivity, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility, it is characterized in that: step is as follows:
A, rock core accurately needed for experiment, and this rock core is positioned in core holding unit, adopt test gas to core test, draw gas permeability K
0;
B, preparing experiment medium, and test medium is assigned as initial sensitivity tests medium, initial in the middle of tested media and concentration be less than successively initial in the middle of tested media secondary one-level in the middle of tested media and these some grades middle tested media, rock core in step a is positioned in initial sensitivity tests medium completely and soaks, and initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state implement saturated, make the mineral matter in rock core and initial sensitivity tests medium initial reaction;
C, rock core in step b is taken out by initial sensitivity tests medium, again put into core holding unit at normal temperatures, and the confined pressure that rock core is in core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, untapped initial middle tested media in optional step b, adopt test gas to order about initial middle tested media and infiltration is implemented to rock core, make to discharge rock core with rock core mineral through the initial sensitivity tests medium of initial reaction, initial middle tested media enters in rock core, the mineral matter in rock core is impelled fully to react with initial middle tested media, wherein the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa, continue 12-15 hours,
D, the rock core in step c to be taken out by the core holding unit in step c, then it is put into again the core holding unit of step a, and by test gas as actuated source, the major part of the rock core taken out in step c and the abundant reacted initial middle tested media of rock core mineral are expelled to outside rock core, and then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value K
i, the confined pressure wherein in core holding unit remains on 2.5MPa, and the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa;
E, the rock core tested through steps d to be put in core holding unit again, the middle tested media of secondary one-level adopting test gas the concentration prepared in step b to be less than initial middle tested media infiltrates in rock core, rock core to be soaked in the middle of time one-level in tested media 12-15 hours, and the mineral matter in the middle of time one-level in tested media and rock core is fully reacted;
F, the rock core in step e taken out be placed in the core holding unit of step a, tested media in the middle of secondary one-level in the core of tested media immersion in the middle of time one-level in step e is discharged by nitrogen, then by test gas, test is implemented to the gas permeability of rock core, obtain corresponding numerical value K
ii, wherein, the pressure of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa (confined pressure remains on 2.5MPa), and the pressure of the entrance point of core holding unit is 1.5Mpa-2.5Mpa.
G, repetition step e and step f, tested media is wherein transformed to the some grades of middle tested media that concentration is less than tested media in the middle of time one-level successively, implements to test simultaneously, obtain corresponding numerical value K by test gas to the gas permeability of rock core
iiito K
n.
H, finally the numerical value of the gas permeability in step a, steps d, step f and step g is referenced to gas permeability in rower formula implement calculate sensitivity assessment index accurately.
2. the method for test shale reservoir water sensitivity according to claim 1, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility, is characterized in that: described test gas can be nitrogen or methane.
3. the method for test shale reservoir water sensitivity according to claim 1 and 2, brine sensitivity and alkali susceptibility, it is characterized in that: in described step b, initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core are in vacuum state and implement the saturated time is 24 hours, and the equipment implementing to vacuumize to initial sensitivity tests medium and rock core is vacuum pump.
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| WO2020124661A1 (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Evaluation device for hydrate-containing reservoir damage and evaluation method |
| CN109580454A (en) * | 2019-01-05 | 2019-04-05 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A method of compact reservoir Fluid Sensitivity is tested with pressure oscillation method |
| CN113049784A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-29 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Prediction method suitable for water sensitivity of shale reservoir |
| US11733136B2 (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2023-08-22 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Fluid sensitivity evaluation method for superior water-based mud design |
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