CN105067403A - Clay simulated concrete and adjusting simulation method of plasticity of clay simulated concrete - Google Patents
Clay simulated concrete and adjusting simulation method of plasticity of clay simulated concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN105067403A CN105067403A CN201510450669.5A CN201510450669A CN105067403A CN 105067403 A CN105067403 A CN 105067403A CN 201510450669 A CN201510450669 A CN 201510450669A CN 105067403 A CN105067403 A CN 105067403A
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Abstract
The invention discloses clay simulated concrete and an adjusting simulation method of plasticity of the clay simulated concrete, and relates to the technical field of improvement of building materials; a certain mass of clay is mixed in simulated concrete to prepare the clay simulated concrete; by testing the physical and mechanical properties of the clay simulated concrete, the improvement condition of the clay on the brittleness of the simulated concrete is observed, and the optimal clay content value are found out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building materials technical field of improvement, particularly relate to and improve emulation concrete materials plasticity.
Background technology
Structural dynamic damage model test is not only the important means understanding large-sized concrete structural nonlinear dynamic response and eaerthquake damage form, also be the method for the testing numerical analysis correctness large reduced scale power destruction model test for large-sized concrete structure, require that realistic model material will have low-intensity or highdensity feature, and will ensure that its physico mechanical characteristic is similar to normal concrete.This makes to study the every mechanics parameter of concrete imitation vacuum material and performance becomes a new research field.Research for the key property such as bullet mould, compressive strength, tensile strength, constitutive relation of emulation concrete materials has document and elaborated.Emulation concrete materials adopts the formula approximate with common concrete material, and it is little more many than the coarse aggregate size of normal concrete to put concrete coarse aggregate size, causes the surface of contact of aggregate and sand-cement slurry much bigger compared with normal concrete; In addition, in emulation concrete materials, cement content is lower than normal concrete cement content, make the intensity of sand-cement slurry self and the cohesion of asking with aggregate lower.Based on these two aspects factor, the development that under External Force Acting, emulation concrete materials coheres crack comparatively normal concrete is fast, and mutually through with sand-cement slurry internal fissure, thus causes emulation concrete materials stress-strain curve descending branch comparatively steep, and fragility is larger than normal concrete.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of method improving emulation concrete materials plasticity.The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: in emulation concrete materials, the clay of admixture certain mass mark is to make clay emulation concrete materials, by testing its physical and mechanical property, observes clay to the improvement situation of emulation concrete materials fragility.Emulation concrete materials formula is in table 1.
The match ratio of table 1 benchmark emulation concrete materials (EC) and five kinds of clay emulation concrete materials
| Code | Water | Cement | Breeze | Heavy crystalline flour | Barite | Silt |
| EC | 9.0 | 1.5 | 10.0 | 30.0 | 49.5 | |
| NC-6 | 9.0 | 1.5 | 9.4 | 28.2 | 45.9 | 6.0 |
| NC-7 | 9.0 | 1.5 | 9.3 | 27.9 | 45.3 | 7.0 |
| NC-8 | 9.0 | 1.5 | 9.2 | 27.6 | 44.7 | 8.0 |
| NC-9 | 9.0 | 1.5 | 9.1 | 27.3 | 44.1 | 9.0 |
| NC-10 | 9.0 | 1.5 | 9.0 | 27.0 | 43.5 | 10.0 |
Clay emulation concrete materials, cement adopts 32.5MPa Portland cement; The particle diameter of mineral powder, heavy crystalline flour, barite sand for be converted into normal concrete aggregate size according to geometric similarity guide, 0.05 ~ 2.0mm, grain composition belongs to grating II district; Clay: Dalian Area reservoir earth and rockfill dam dam foundation side slope silty clay, through drying, pulverizing, levigate, after sieve (sieving lonely L2ram), its grading of aggregates is close with benchmark emulation concrete materials; Table 1 is benchmark emulation concrete materials (EC) and clay emulation concrete materials (NC) match ratio of mixing clay.
The adjustment analogy method of clay emulation concrete materials plasticity, comprises the steps:
Step one, the clay emulation concrete materials of five kinds of different ratio in preparation table 1: cement adopts 32.5MPa Portland cement; The particle diameter of mineral powder, heavy crystalline flour, barite sand for be converted into normal concrete aggregate size according to geometric similarity guide, 0.05 ~ 2.0mm, grain composition belongs to grating II district; Clay: Dalian Area reservoir earth and rockfill dam dam foundation side slope silty clay, through drying, pulverizing, levigate, after sieve (sieve aperture 2mm), its grading of aggregates is close with benchmark emulation concrete materials.
Step 2, test material preparation: each clay emulation concrete materials preparation size is the cube uniaxial compression standard specimen 30 of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, for uniaxial compression test; In the middle of the preparation of each clay emulation concrete materials, the length of side is 70mm, and two ends are transitioned into the standard dog bone uniaxial tension test specimen 30 that the length of side is 100mm gradually, and this test specimen semipilot Partial Height 100mm, overall height 200mm are used for uniaxial tensile test; Each clay emulation concrete materials preparation size is that the rectangular parallelepiped standard specimen 30 of 100mm × 100mm × 515mm is for four-point bending test;
Step 3, test piece maintenance: the average curing temperature of various test specimen 20 DEG C, relative humidity about 60%, curing age 24h;
The adjustment simulation of step 4 clay emulation concrete materials plasticity:
Respective test is carried out to all test specimens of each clay emulation concrete materials, compares the elastic modulus of five kinds of different clay emulation concrete materials test specimens, compressive strength, resistance to compression peak strain, tensile strength, tension peak strain, bending and tensile strength, 4 maximum defluxions; Again compared with benchmark emulation concrete materials, between the optimal zone finding out clay content.
Show that the elastic modulus of clay emulation concrete materials, compressive strength reduce in various degree along with the increase of clay volume fraction has, resistance to compression peak strain increases to some extent, and tensile strength, tension peak strain and four-point bending maximum defluxion then increase all to some extent; It should be noted that, deformability and the tensile strength of clay emulation concrete materials always do not increase along with the increase of clay content, but there is an optimum value.Clay content exceedes the reduction of not only elastic modulus, compressive strength after this value can be more obvious, and tension peak strain also can reduce.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, (1) compared with benchmark emulation concrete materials, the bullet mould of clay emulation concrete materials, compressive strength decrease, resistance to compression and tension peak strain, four-point bending maximum defluxion all obviously increase, but the tensile strength of clay emulation concrete materials increases than benchmark emulation concrete materials.(2) show obvious ductile characteristic when clay emulation concrete materials destroys, produce significant plastic yield in loading procedure, illustrate that it is most compared with the compatibility of deformation ability of benchmark emulation concrete materials.The plasticity of clay emulation concrete materials does not always increase along with the increase of clay content, but exist an optimum value, exceed or lower than this value not only elasticity modulus of materials can reduce more, tension, resistance to compression peak strain also can reduce.(3) this method in this paper can make the fragility of emulation concrete materials obtain good improvement, makes the constitutive relation of emulation concrete materials, damage-form and physical characteristics can more similar in appearance to normal concrete.When this kind of method being applied to the test of realistic model power destruction, truth during concrete prototype structure power destruction can be reflected better, and the method for producing this realistic model material is simple, convenient operation, safety non-pollution.
The present invention is widely used in model test to later emulation concrete materials material and engineering is actual has important practical significance.Benchmark emulation concrete materials stress-strain curve descending branch is comparatively steep, and fragility is larger than normal concrete.By adding clay, the fragility of emulation concrete materials is improved.
Embodiment
1. experimental study
1.1 material and mixing ratio
Cement: 32.5MPa (compressive strength) Portland cement; The particle diameter of mineral powder, heavy crystalline flour, barite sand for be converted into normal concrete aggregate size according to geometric similarity guide, 0.05 ~ 2.0mm, grain composition belongs to grating II district; Clay: Dalian Area reservoir earth and rockfill dam dam foundation side slope silty clay, through drying, pulverizing, levigate, after sieve (sieving lonely L2ram), its grading of aggregates is close with benchmark emulation concrete materials; Table 1 is benchmark emulation concrete materials (EC) and clay emulation concrete materials (NC) match ratio of mixing people's clay.
1.2 test method
The cube standard specimen that employing is of a size of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm does uniaxial compression test; In the middle of adopting, the length of side is 70mm, and two ends are transitioned into the square (i.e. standard dog bone test specimen) that the length of side is 100mm gradually, and the standard dog bone test specimen of its middle test portion height 100mm, overall height 200mm does uniaxial tensile test; The rectangular parallelepiped standard specimen that employing is of a size of 100mm × 100mm × 515mm does four-point bending test.Average curing temperature 20 DEG C during test, relative humidity about 60%, curing age 24h.Uniaxial compressive, tensile test loading speed are respectively 0.6,0.06mm/min.Due to elastic modulus and all low than normal concrete 1 ~ 2 number level of intensity of emulation concrete materials material, therefore loading equipemtn adopts SANS board 1-10t type universal testing machine, and according to test needs, charger can self-changeable.Data acquisition system (DAS) adopts SANS testing machine to carry software, and picking rate can reach 104 times/s, ensure that in process of the test the accuracy recording data.
2 test result analysis
The uniaxial compression of clay emulation concrete materials, uniaxial tension, four-point bending and tensile pressure ratio test findings are in table 2.Table 2 shows, the tensile strength that four-point bending test and uniaxial tensile test obtain is very close, and error is within 5%, and illustrate that it is all feasible for surveying concrete tensile strength in this way, precision also meets testing requirements.
Table 2 emulation concrete materials experimental data table
From table 2, the elastic modulus of clay emulation concrete materials, compressive strength have downtrending along with the increase of clay content.Compared with EC, the elastic modulus of NC-6, NC-7, NC-8, NC-9 and NC-10 reduces 40.5% respectively, 47.4%, 52.4%, 57.3% and 60.4%, compressive strength reduces 16.5% respectively, 21.6%, 24.5%, 18.9% and 30.2%, its Elastic Modulus downtrending is more obvious.In addition, the tensile strength of clay emulation concrete materials, tension peak strain and four-point bending maximum defluxion are all high to some extent along with clay content increases.NC-6, NC-7, NC-8, NC-9 and NC-10 improves 6.4% respectively compared with the tensile strength of EC, 9.7%, 12.5%, 14.9% and 16.5%, tension peak strain improves 71.8% respectively, and 90.5%, 114.6%, 145.2% and 171.5%, four-point bending maximum defluxion improves 72.1% respectively, and 95.5%, 148.2%, 178.6% and 238.3%.It is worth mentioning, drawing shown in table 2, press the more common normal concrete of peak strain much larger (about 20 times).In order to reflect the rule that each mechanical parameter of clay emulation concrete materials changes with clay content more intuitively, in his-and-hers watches 2, test findings carries out theoretical curve matching, can be obtained by experiment, and the known fitting effect of each bar curve is good, and its R2 value is all more than 0.99.Trial curve has reflected the contrast of uniaxial tension and four-point bending test result, can find out that to adopt results contrast obtained in this way close, so 2 binomial curves are also more consistent, illustrate that the precision of this kind of test findings all meets the demands.
Clay has the advantages that plasticity is strong, associativity is good.In emulation concrete materials, cement content is very low, adds clay wherein when cement content is constant, and reduce aggregate content, this is equivalent to add the content of gum material in emulation concrete materials, improves material bond, makes its plasticity significantly be increased simultaneously; Again because the cementing power of clay can not show a candle to cement, so the bond strength of clay and other aggregates and clay slurry self-strength are all not so good as the intensity of aggregate self in emulation concrete materials and bond strength between aggregate and cement matrix is high.Therefore when clay emulation concrete materials test specimen compression damage from testing, owing to producing relative horizontal sliding with other compositions when the inner clay particle of test specimen is subject to excessive pressure, cause its compressive strength to decline, peak strain increases, the more obvious phenomenon of elastic modulus decline; The tensile strength of clay emulation concrete materials comparatively benchmark emulation concrete materials increases to some extent, analyzes reason: one is because cement content in artificial material is very low, and the effect of cementing power to the strength of materials of cement is relatively low; Two is the clays being replaced by the ability of cohering in material without the aggregate cohering ability, and the cohesion of sand-cement slurry is strengthened; Three is slight void that clay particle has filled up between aggregate, and the mechanical snap power between material granule is increased, and again because the good plasticity of clay and deformation performance, clay emulation concrete materials peak strain is improved.Thus known, thin clay is added in emulation concrete materials and can improve its plasticity well.
Axial compression stress-strain (the σ of benchmark emulation concrete materials and clay emulation concrete materials
c-ε) curve, axle tension one strains (σ
t-ε) curve.Can find out from the descending branch of benchmark emulation concrete materials and the resistance to compression of clay emulation concrete materials, this structure of tension curve, clay emulation concrete materials unlike benchmark emulation concrete materials, after strain peak point, stress decrease is very fast, linear very steep, but it is very round and smooth at peak point place, stress decrease is more slow subsequently, just loses load-bearing capacity when ultimate strain reaches higher value.Resistance to compression, the tension stress-strain full curve of clay emulation concrete materials show very big plasticity and deformability.From the angle analysis of strain energy, can obviously be found out by experiment, clay emulation concrete materials test specimen is before thoroughly destroying, its stress-strain curve is larger than benchmark emulation concrete materials with the area of abscissa line envelope, energy comparison required when illustrating that clay emulation concrete materials destroys is large, namely energy to failure is very large, the energy discharged when clay emulation concrete materials effectively can absorb crack propagation in other words.More than can illustrate mix clay in emulation concrete materials after, its plasticity can be significantly improved, strengthen its deformation performance.The excessively crisp problem that emulation concrete materials shows in model test can be solved so preferably, adopt the making of the clay emulation concrete materials containing a certain amount of clay realistic model to carry out test and can reflect the actual conditions that concrete structure power destroys more realistically.The plastic concrete obtained experimental result that this test findings adds soft clay with other researchers in normal concrete, prepared by bentonitic clay is consistent, belongs to the performance that material plasticity improves together.
It should be noted that, deformability and the tensile strength of clay emulation concrete materials always do not increase along with the increase of clay content, but there is an optimum value.Clay content exceedes the reduction of not only elastic modulus, compressive strength after this value can be more obvious, and tension peak strain also can reduce.This research finds that this reasonable value scope is between 25-30%.When clay volume fraction in clay emulation concrete materials lower than or when exceeding this value, the tensile strength of material and peak strain all can reduce.
Claims (2)
1. clay emulation concrete materials, is characterized in that cement adopts 32.5MPa Portland cement; The particle diameter of mineral powder, heavy crystalline flour, barite sand for be converted into normal concrete aggregate size according to geometric similarity guide, 0.05 ~ 2.0mm, grain composition belongs to grating II district; Clay through drying, pulverizing, levigate, sieve, its grading of aggregates is close with benchmark emulation concrete materials, and the mass percent of clay in emulation concrete materials is between 25%-30%.
2. the adjustment analogy method of clay emulation concrete materials plasticity, comprises the steps:
Step one, prepare clay and account for the multiple clay emulation concrete materials that emulation concrete materials mass percent is different ratio between 20%-35%:
Step 2, test material preparation: each clay emulation concrete materials preparation size is the cube uniaxial compression standard specimen 30 of 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, for uniaxial compression test; In the middle of the preparation of each clay emulation concrete materials, the length of side is 70mm, and two ends are transitioned into the standard dog bone uniaxial tension test specimen 30 that the length of side is 100mm gradually, and this test specimen semipilot Partial Height 100mm, overall height 200mm are used for uniaxial tensile test; Each clay emulation concrete materials preparation size is that the rectangular parallelepiped standard specimen 30 of 100mm × 100mm × 515mm is for four-point bending test;
Step 3, test piece maintenance: the average curing temperature of various test specimen 20 DEG C, relative humidity about 60%, curing age 24h;
The adjustment simulation of step 4 clay emulation concrete materials plasticity:
Respective test is carried out to all test specimens of each clay emulation concrete materials, elastic modulus, compressive strength, resistance to compression peak strain, tensile strength, tension peak strain, bending and tensile strength, 4 maximum defluxions of more various different clay emulation concrete materials test specimen; Again compared with benchmark emulation concrete materials, between the optimal zone finding out clay content.
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| CN109060486A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-21 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of concrete plasticity phase difference stress damage test material preparation method |
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