CN105057636B - Steel bushing inlay casting method for motor casing front and rear end covers and front and rear end covers - Google Patents

Steel bushing inlay casting method for motor casing front and rear end covers and front and rear end covers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105057636B
CN105057636B CN201510466425.6A CN201510466425A CN105057636B CN 105057636 B CN105057636 B CN 105057636B CN 201510466425 A CN201510466425 A CN 201510466425A CN 105057636 B CN105057636 B CN 105057636B
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steel bushing
motor casing
casing front
pressure
end cap
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CN105057636A (en
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杨安
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Huizhou Weisheng Industry Co Ltd
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Huizhou Weisheng Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a steel bushing inlay casting method for motor casing front and rear end covers. The method comprises the steps that 1 a steel sleeve is manufactured; 2 the steel sleeve is heated through high-frequency plasma; 3 the steel sleeve is placed into a lower mold of a low-pressure casting apparatus and positioned, molten aluminum is injected into a mold from bottom to top, and the steel sleeve is covered with molten aluminum; and 4 a separation line is formed between the steel sleeve and an end cover. The invention further discloses the motor casing front and rear end covers. Compared with front and rear end covers of a permanent magnet servo motor of an existing new energy automobile, the motor casing front and rear end covers are cast with aluminum alloy under low pressure and are formed at one time, and the motor casing front and rear end covers have smooth appearance and clear arcs; because the steel sleeve is inlaid in a bearing, the problem that a bearing deforms due to heat is solved, the hardness of a bearing position is increased, and weight is reduced by 40% compared with an integrally machined steel part or a ball iron part; and a machine base is made of the same aluminum alloy as the end covers, the aluminum alloy has a better heat dissipation effect than steel parts, the motor has an attractive appearance, and labor cost is reduced by 20%.

Description

Motor casing front and rear cover inlays steel bushing casting method and front and rear cover
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field prepared by motor casing end cap, and in particular to a kind of motor casing front and rear cover edge steel bushing casting Make method, and the front and rear cover for implementing the preparation method.
Background technology
The forward and backward end cap of conventional motors shell is using steel plate machine-shaping and Ductile Iron Casting molding, and high processing costs, technique is multiple Miscellaneous, product is heavy, and radiating effect is bad.Inlay steel bushing to be cast using the core for casting motor in electric automobile end cap, Complex process.
The content of the invention
This invention is not enough for current art, there is provided a kind of motor casing front and rear cover inlays steel bushing casting method, once Molding, product design is smooth, camber line is clearly demarcated, position of bearings inlay steel bushing, solves the problems, such as bearing be heated bearing position deformation, increase The hardness of bearing position.
The present invention also provides a kind of front and rear cover of the enforcement casting method.
The technical scheme that adopted for achieving the above object of the present invention is:
A kind of motor casing front and rear cover inlays steel bushing casting method, it is characterised in that it is comprised the following steps:
(1) steel bushing is prepared, steel bushing is provided with anticreep groove and anti-slip tank;
(2) steel bushing is heated 8~12 seconds by high frequency plasma, steel bushing temperature is up to more than 400 DEG C;
(3) steel bushing after step (2) heating is placed in the lower mould of low-pressure die casting plant and is positioned, by 700 DEG C of meltings Aluminum water is injected up in mould from mold bottom, is pressurized to 800MPa, pressurize 550MPa, makes aluminum water coat steel bushing, aluminum water-setting The end cap that solid is high into density, intensity is high, stability is high, the end cap of molding is embraced in upper mould, and thimble is pushed up from top to bottom during the demoulding Go out steel bushing, end cap comes off;
(4) step (3) forms defiber between steel bushing and end cap, and the bearing bit length time runs up, and the heat of generation is passed It is delivered on the steel bushing of bearing position, steel bushing discharges heat in separation line position.
The step (2) is concrete also to include herein below:High-frequency plasma is set equipment occurs, by two coaxial quartz Pipe is constituted, and outer tube is cased with a serpentine pipe being entwined by thin copper pipe, passes to high frequency electric, high frequency is produced in serpentine pipe and is handed over Varying magnetic field, magnetic flux change induces electromotive force, and the electromotive force senses generation electric current and corresponding heat in conducting medium so that Steel bushing in equipment is quickly heated to assigned temperature.
Described step (3) is concrete also to include herein below:Arrange in low-pressure die casting plant and be based on Fuzzy Adaptive PID Liquid level pressurizing control system, fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to fuzzy control rule, pid parameter is modified online, the control System includes PLC, simulation input/output module, pressure transmitter, servo electromagnetic valve, and the set-up of control system is in low pressure casting In equipment, it is ensured that during low pressure die casting and the pressure value of pressure maintaining period reaches setting numerical value.
Described step (3) is concrete also to include herein below:Fuzzy control rule concrete methods of realizing is:By calculated off line The △ K for obtainingp、△KiWith △ KdFuzzy control table be stored in respectively in data block DB30, DB31 and DB32, periodic interruptions Piece of tissue OB30 calls the subprogram FC61 of inquiry fuzzy control table, FC61 to inquire about mould according to the quantized value of e and ec every 40ms Paste control table, obtains △ Kp、AKiWith △ KdQuantized value.
In the step (2), specifically also include herein below:Heating plasma equipment is set, is set by heating plasma Standby electromagnetic induction coupled plasma carries out superhigh temperature and quickly heats to steel bushing.
In the step (3), specifically also include herein below:Flowed by the CFD in the ANSYS finite element softwares of computer Body emulation module and Thermal modules, in the low pressure casting filling and solidification processess of the end cap for setting up embedded different temperatures steel bushing Flow and heat flux change phantom, the flow regime of liquid metal, pressure in casting mold are obtained using numerical simulation calculation Distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and Temperature Distribution, predict the defect of volume gas, slag inclusion, shrinkage porosite and shrinkage cavity that foundry goods is present, and it is real to analyze acquisition Steel bushing temperature, pouring pressure needed for the production of border, and the technological parameter of pouring temperature, by the technological parameter of pouring pressure send to In liquid level pressurizing control system, the pressure of cast is controlled.
A kind of to implement the front and rear cover that above-mentioned motor casing front and rear cover inlays steel bushing casting method, it includes steel bushing, and passes through Low pressure casting, is coated on the end cap of steel bushing periphery, and the steel bushing is provided with anticreep groove and anti-rotation groove, and the end cap is formed and anticreep groove And the card convex that anti-rotation groove is adapted.
The steel bushing is hollow circular cylinder structure, and the anticreep groove is to be arranged on the circumferential groove in the middle part of steel bushing outer wall, institute It is the vertical groove being arranged on steel bushing outer wall to state anti-rotation groove, and anti-rotation groove is connected with anticreep groove, and the length of the anti-rotation groove is steel The half of set thickness.
A plurality of anti-rotation groove is uniformly set on the steel bushing outer wall, and a plurality of anti-rotation groove is arranged on the same side of anticreep groove, or Person is arranged on the both sides of anticreep groove.
It is arranged on a plurality of anti-rotation groove alignment of the both sides of anticreep groove or shifts to install.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:For the forward and backward end cap of existing new-energy automobile permanent-magnet servo motor, closed using low pressure aluminum Gold casting, one-shot forming, product design is smooth, camber line is clearly demarcated;In order to increase intensity, steel bushing is inlayed in position of bearings, solve bearing Be heated bearing position deformation problem, increased the hardness of bearing position.
Low pressure casting principle, steel bushing is heated up to 400 degree by high frequency plasma, is put in mould positioning, makes aluminum water flow Steel bushing is wrapped, is fused into one, than the steel part or G. Iron Castings of overall processing 40% weight is mitigated, be achieved that making for product With requiring.
With steel bushing similar shape into defiber, the bearing bit length time runs up the end cap of aluminum, and the heat transfer of generation is to axle Hold on a steel bushing, steel bushing discharges heat separating line position, so guarantee motor operates for a long time bearing invariant position shape, no Abrasion, support with end cap use same material aluminium alloy, aluminium alloy than steel part good heat dissipation effect, motor good looking appearance, section About 20% cost of labor.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the steel bushing of the present embodiment and the structural representation of lower mould;
Fig. 2 is placed on the cross-sectional view of lower mould for the steel bushing of the present embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the steel bushing of the present embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the end cap of the present embodiment.
In figure:1. steel bushing, 11. anticreep grooves, 12. anti-rotation grooves, 2. end cap, 3. descends mould.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment, referring to Fig. 1~4, the motor casing front and rear cover edge steel bushing casting method that the present embodiment is provided, it include with Lower step:
(1) steel bushing 1 is prepared, steel bushing 1 is provided with anticreep groove 11 and anti-slip tank;
(2) heating plasma equipment is set, by the electromagnetic induction coupled plasma of heating plasma equipment to steel bushing 1 Carry out superhigh temperature quickly to heat, steel bushing 1 is heated 8~12 seconds by high frequency plasma, the temperature of steel bushing 1 is up to more than 400 DEG C;Arrange There is equipment in high-frequency plasma, be made up of two coaxial quartz tubes, and outer tube is cased with a spiral being entwined by thin copper pipe Pipe, passes to high frequency electric, and high-frequency alternating magnetic field is produced in serpentine pipe, and magnetic flux change induces electromotive force, and the electromotive force exists Sensing in conducting medium produces electric current and corresponding heat so that the steel bushing 1 in equipment is quickly heated to assigned temperature;
(3) steel bushing 1 after step (2) heating is placed in the lower mould 3 of low-pressure die casting plant and is positioned, it is molten by 700 DEG C Molten aluminum water is injected up in mould from mold bottom, is pressurized to 800MPa, pressurize 550MPa, makes aluminum water coat steel bushing 1, aluminum water Solidification forms the end cap 2 that density is high, intensity is high, stability is high, and in upper mould, thimble is from upper past during the demoulding for 2 armfuls of the end cap of molding Lower ejection steel bushing 1, end cap 2 comes off;Different from general low pressure casting pressure value 400MPa, the present invention is pressurized to 800MPa, protects Pressure 550MPa, that is, ensure that the density of end cap 2 after coagulation forming is high, intensity is high, stability is high, while ensureing end cap 2 with steel bushing 1 Conjugation is good, and the end cap 2 after coagulation forming is held tightly on upper mould, is easy to the follow-up demoulding;
Arrange based on the liquid level pressurizing control system of Fuzzy Adaptive PID, according to fuzzy control in low-pressure die casting plant Rule carries out fuzzy reasoning, and pid parameter is modified online, and the control system includes PLC, simulation input/output module, pressure Power transmitter, servo electromagnetic valve, the set-up of control system is in low-pressure die casting plant, it is ensured that during low pressure die casting and pressurize The pressure value of journey reaches setting numerical value;
By CFD fluid emulations module and Thermal modules in the ANSYS finite element softwares of computer, set up embedded Flow and heat flux change phantom in the low pressure casting filling and solidification processess of the end cap 2 of different temperatures steel bushing 1, adopts The flow regime of liquid metal, pressure distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and Temperature Distribution in casting mold, prediction casting are obtained with numerical simulation calculation Volume gas, slag inclusion, the defect of shrinkage porosite and shrinkage cavity that part is present, and analyze obtain the temperature of steel bushing 1 needed for actual production (400 DEG C with On), pouring pressure (being pressurized to 800MPa, pressurize 550MPa), and the technological parameter of pouring temperature (700 DEG C), by pouring pressure Technological parameter send into liquid level pressurizing control system, control cast pressure;
(4) defiber is formed between step (3) steel bushing 1 and end cap 2, the bearing bit length time runs up, the heat of generation It is delivered on bearing position steel bushing 1, steel bushing 1 discharges heat in separation line position.
High frequency plasma heating work principle is that gas is ionized generation electrodless discharge when oxygen is flow through in pipe, is formed Plasma arc, the plasma arc is stably constrained in the space of generator. now, flow into the fresh oxygen of generator constantly It is ionized, produces the plasma arc of 8000~11000K, and the plasma for leaving arc region is constantly combined, and discharges Gas around energy warms, so that the oxygen for flowing through light fixture is heated to the temperature required for reaction.
Controlled using PID (ratio, differential, integration) more than existing liquid level pressurizing control system, PID control system performance Quality depends on pid parameter Kp、KiAnd KdAccuracy, obtain accurate Kp、KiAnd KdParameter request sets up accurate mathematical modulo Type, and low pressure casting compression system is a large time delay, nonlinear time-varying system, it is difficult to set up accurate mathematical model.And And, the presence of the interference factor such as due in low pressure casting production process, liquid level declines, temperature fluctuation and supply gas pressure change, Even if obtaining accurate Kp、KiAnd KdParameter, fixed Kp、KiAnd KdParameter is optimal can not whole control process. Traditional PID liquid level pressurizing control system has big, the actual pressuring curve of pressure oscillation in actual production can not be tracked very well The shortcomings of given pressuring curve, cause casting quality poor and unstable.The Liquid Level Pressure based on Fuzzy Adaptive PID of the present invention Control system combines artificial intelligence with PID control, according to the continuous on-line amending K of working condition of low pressure castingp、KiWith KdParameter, disclosure satisfy that requirements of the different pressure divergence e and pressure divergence rate of change ec to PID Self-tuning Systems, improve low pressure The dynamic property and control accuracy of casting Liquid Level Pressure.
Fuzzy control rule concrete methods of realizing is:The △ K that calculated off line is obtainedp、△KiWith △ KdFuzzy control table It is stored in respectively in data block DB30, DB31 and DB32, periodic interruptions piece of tissue OB30 calls inquiry Fuzzy Control every 40ms The subprogram FC61 of tabulation, FC61 inquire about fuzzy control table according to the quantized value of e and ec, obtain △ Kp、AKiWith △ KdQuantization Value.
For the forward and backward end cap 2 of existing new-energy automobile permanent-magnet servo motor, cast using low pressure aluminium alloy, one-shot forming, Product design is smooth, camber line is clearly demarcated;In order to increase intensity, steel bushing 1 is inlayed in position of bearings, solve bearing and be heated what bearing position deformed Problem, increased the hardness of bearing position.
Low pressure casting principle, steel bushing 1 is heated up to 400 degree by high frequency plasma, is put in mould positioning, makes aluminum water flow Steel bushing 1 is wrapped, is fused into one, than the steel part or G. Iron Castings of overall processing 40% weight is mitigated, be achieved that product Use requirement.
With the similar shape of steel bushing 1 into defiber, the bearing bit length time runs up the end cap 2 of aluminum, and the heat transfer of generation is arrived On bearing position steel bushing 1, steel bushing 1 discharges heat separating line position, and so guarantee motor operates for a long time bearing invariant position Shape, do not wear and tear, support uses same material aluminium alloy with end cap 2, aluminium alloy than steel part good heat dissipation effect, motor beautiful outline form See, saved 20% cost of labor.
The present embodiment also provides a kind of front and rear cover 2, and it includes steel bushing 1, and by low pressure casting, is coated on outside steel bushing 1 The end cap 2 for enclosing, the steel bushing 1 is provided with anticreep groove 11 and anti-rotation groove 12, and the end cap 2 is formed and anticreep groove 11 and the phase of anti-rotation groove 12 The card convex of adaptation.
The steel bushing 1 is hollow circular cylinder structure, and the anticreep groove 11 is recessed for the circumference being arranged in the middle part of the outer wall of steel bushing 1 Groove, the anti-rotation groove 12 is the vertical groove being arranged on the outer wall of steel bushing 1, and anti-rotation groove 12 is connected with anticreep groove 11, the anti-rotation The length of groove 12 is the half of the thickness of steel bushing 1.
A plurality of anti-rotation groove 12 is uniformly set on the outer wall of the steel bushing 1, and a plurality of anti-rotation groove 12 is arranged on the same of anticreep groove 11 Side, or it is arranged on the both sides of anticreep groove 11.
The a plurality of anti-rotation groove 12 for being arranged on the both sides of anticreep groove 11 aligns or shifts to install.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, using or approximation method identical with the above embodiment of the present invention or dress Put, and other motor casing front and rear covers edge steel bushing casting methods for obtaining and front and rear cover, protection scope of the present invention it It is interior.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of motor casing front and rear cover inlays steel bushing casting method, it is characterised in that it is comprised the following steps:
(1) steel bushing is prepared, steel bushing is provided with anticreep groove and anti-slip tank;
(2) steel bushing is heated 8~12 seconds by high frequency plasma, steel bushing temperature is up to more than 400 DEG C;
(3) steel bushing after step (2) heating is placed in the lower mould of low-pressure die casting plant and is positioned, by 700 DEG C of molten aluminum water It is injected up in mould from mold bottom, is pressurized to 800MPa, pressurize 550MPa, makes aluminum water coat steel bushing, aluminum water-setting solid The end cap high into density, intensity is high, stability is high, the end cap of molding is embraced in upper mould, and thimble ejects from top to bottom steel during the demoulding Set, end cap comes off;
Arrange based on the liquid level pressurizing control system of Fuzzy Adaptive PID, according to fuzzy control rule in low-pressure die casting plant Fuzzy reasoning is carried out, pid parameter is modified online, the control system includes that PLC, simulation input/output module, pressure become Device, servo electromagnetic valve are sent, the set-up of control system is in low-pressure die casting plant, it is ensured that during low pressure die casting and pressure maintaining period Pressure value reaches setting numerical value;
By CFD fluid emulations module and Thermal modules in the ANSYS finite element softwares of computer, embedded difference is set up Flow and heat flux change phantom in the low pressure casting filling and solidification processess of the end cap of temperature steel bushing, using numerical value Simulation is calculated the flow regime of liquid metal, pressure distribution, VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and Temperature Distribution in casting mold, and prediction foundry goods is present Volume gas, slag inclusion, the defect of shrinkage porosite and shrinkage cavity, and analyze and obtain steel bushing temperature, pouring pressure needed for actual production, and cast The technological parameter of temperature, the technological parameter of pouring pressure is sent into liquid level pressurizing control system, controls the pressure of cast;
(4) step (3) forms defiber between steel bushing and end cap, and the bearing bit length time runs up, and the heat transfer of generation is arrived On the steel bushing of bearing position, steel bushing discharges heat in separation line position.
2. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 1 inlays steel bushing casting method, it is characterised in that the step (2) It is concrete also to include herein below:High-frequency plasma is set equipment occurs, be made up of two coaxial quartz tubes, outer tube is cased with one The serpentine pipe being entwined by thin copper pipe, passes to high frequency electric, and high-frequency alternating magnetic field, magnetic flux change sense are produced in serpentine pipe Electromotive force should be gone out, the electromotive force senses generation electric current and corresponding heat in conducting medium so that the steel bushing in equipment is fast Speed is heated to assigned temperature.
3. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 1 inlays steel bushing casting method, it is characterised in that described step (3) it is concrete also to include herein below:Fuzzy control rule concrete methods of realizing is:The △ K that calculated off line is obtainedp、△KiAnd △ KdFuzzy control table be stored in respectively in data block DB30, DB31 and DB32, periodic interruptions piece of tissue OB30 is every 40ms Call the subprogram FC61 of inquiry fuzzy control table, FC61 to inquire about fuzzy control table according to the quantized value of e and ec, obtain △ Kp、 △KiWith △ KdQuantized value.
4. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 1 inlays steel bushing casting method, it is characterised in that the step (2) In, specifically also include herein below:Heating plasma equipment is set, by electromagnetic induction manifold type of heating plasma equipment etc. Ion pair steel bushing carries out superhigh temperature and quickly heats.
5. it is a kind of to implement before motor casing prepared by one of claim 1 to the 4 motor casing front and rear cover edge steel bushing casting method Rear end cap, it is characterised in that it includes steel bushing, and by low pressure casting, is coated on the end cap of steel bushing periphery, and the steel bushing is provided with Anticreep groove and anti-rotation groove, the end cap forms the card convex being adapted with anticreep groove and anti-rotation groove.
6. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the steel bushing is hollow circular cylinder structure, The anticreep groove is to be arranged on the circumferential groove in the middle part of steel bushing outer wall, the anti-rotation groove be arranged on it is vertical recessed on steel bushing outer wall Groove, anti-rotation groove is connected with anticreep groove, and the length of the anti-rotation groove is the half of steel bushing thickness.
7. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 6, it is characterised in that uniform on the steel bushing outer wall to arrange many Bar anti-rotation groove, a plurality of anti-rotation groove is arranged on the same side of anticreep groove, or the both sides for being arranged on anticreep groove.
8. motor casing front and rear cover according to claim 7, it is characterised in that be arranged on anticreep groove both sides it is a plurality of anti- Turn trough aligns or shifts to install.
CN201510466425.6A 2015-07-30 2015-07-30 Steel bushing inlay casting method for motor casing front and rear end covers and front and rear end covers Active CN105057636B (en)

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CN109722575A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-05-07 山东鸿源新材料有限公司 The production technology of new-energy automobile driving motor end cap
CN109732061B (en) * 2019-02-22 2024-04-02 秦皇岛中秦渤海轮毂有限公司 Casting forming method for aluminum casting with built-in steel sleeve
CN110328348B (en) * 2019-06-27 2021-12-31 广东银迪压铸有限公司 Production method of new energy automobile motor aluminum shell
CN112658228B (en) * 2020-12-30 2022-04-15 江苏文灿压铸有限公司 Low-pressure casting process of motor casing of new energy automobile

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