One has the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical arm extrusion process, particularly relate to one and there is the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, because the demand of the production automation increases gradually, and the continuous rising of China's labor cost, industrial robot is applied in the industry-by-industries such as such as automobile, household electrical appliances, boats and ships, machinery more and more.Mechanical arm, as important composition parts of industrial robot, also account for most of whole industrial robot weight.Because pack alloy has many outstanding performances such as density is little, intensity is high, in the middle of the manufacture being thus widely used in mechanical arm.But current mechanical arm is not mostly through structure hole optimal design, cause the waste of material that mechanical arm mechanical property is superfluous and unnecessary.Aluminium alloy cubical contraction when solidifying is comparatively large in addition, and easily causes inhomogeneous cooling even when mechanical arm volume is larger, surrounding be the very fast and center cooling of position cooling comparatively slowly, easily cause the defects such as shrinkage cavity, affect the performance of mechanical arm.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming and defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art, provide one to have the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient and manufacture method thereof.While ensureing aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm intensity, reduce the weight of mechanical arm as far as possible, save product materials; The comparatively large and even problem causing the defects such as shrinkage cavity of inhomogeneous cooling of reduce engine mechanical arm volume contraction in press casting procedure, improves the performance of mechanical arm.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One has the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient, comprise mechanical arm body, two ends of described mechanical arm body are provided with reducing gear and install station 3, and described mechanical arm body is covered by upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 and forms, and described upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 all offer gradient mesh-structured.
Described gradient is mesh-structured to be made up of the mesh of multiple array distribution on upper casing 1 and lower casing 2.
Described mesh is divided into mesopore 1-1, side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3 successively according to pore size; Described mesopore 1-1 lays respectively at the middle part of upper casing 1 and lower casing 2, and the both sides of mesopore 1-1 are followed successively by side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3.
The junction of described mesopore 1-1 and side opening 1-3 is provided with reinforcement 4; The connection of described reinforcement 4 and upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 adopts welds or one-body molded.
The quantity of side opening 1-3 is greater than the quantity of side mesopore 1-2, and the quantity of side mesopore 1-2 is greater than the quantity of mesopore 1-1.
Described mesopore 1-1, side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3 are all arranged in order along the axial direction of upper casing 1 and lower casing 2.
The shape of described mesh is circle, rectangle, round rectangle, regular polygon or notch shape.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm is as follows:
(1) the force analysis step of mechanical arm;
(2) mechanical arm strength check step;
(3) mechanical arm die casting step;
(4) mechanical arm demoulding step.
The force analysis step of described step (1) mechanical arm is mechanical arm under the condition of work of limiting condition and maximum load, the limit stress data calculated;
Described step (2) mechanical arm strength check step, after drawing mechanical arm stress data according to the analysis of step (1) mechanical arm force analysis step, adopt finite element method again, make the shape of the arrangement position of each mesh on upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 of gradient mesh-structured 1, spacing and mesh, with adaline mechanical arm requirement of strength;
Described step (3) mechanical arm die casting step, is divided into upper casing 1 die casting step and lower casing 2 die casting step;
Described upper casing 1 die casting step, be in die casting except the structure needed for forming machine arm body, the arrangement position of each mesh on upper casing 1 also needing to draw according to step (2), spacing, aperture and mesh form, with it corresponding core array is set in die casting, i.e. the arrangement position of each core, spacing, diameter and shape; Then the aluminium alloy of melting is watered in die casting, treat its shaping, cooling;
The die casting step of described lower casing 2 is identical with the die casting step of upper casing 1;
Described step (4) mechanical arm demoulding step, after die casting cooling, each core is extracted out from die casting, namely upper casing 1 and the lower casing 2 of mechanical arm required form structure is completed, then rear operation process, assembling are carried out to the upper casing 1 after the demoulding and lower casing 2, obtain that there is the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient.
Described die casting is vacuum die-casting mould; Described core is the column core with pattern draft.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has following advantage and effect:
Mesh-structured with gradient on aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of the present invention, while ensureing its intensity, greatly can reduce the weight of aluminum alloy die casting, significantly save product materials, reduce production cost; And the inhomogeneous cooling even problem that cause the defects such as shrinkage cavity comparatively large by gradient network structure reduce engine mechanical arm volume contraction in press casting procedure simultaneously, under the prerequisite ensureing mechanical arm desirable strength, alleviate the weight of mechanical arm body, improve the mobility of mechanical arm;
The Casting Technology means of aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of the present invention are easy, in addition, in order to improve noise and the vibration problems of mechanical arm further, can add macromolecule sound-absorbing damping material in vacant position therein.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the upper case structure schematic diagram of aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the lower casing structural representation of aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the die casting step schematic diagram of aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is more specifically described in detail.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3.One of the present invention has the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient, comprise mechanical arm body, two ends of described mechanical arm body are provided with reducing gear and install station 3, described mechanical arm body is covered by upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 and forms, and described upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 all offers gradient mesh-structured.
Described gradient is mesh-structured to be made up of several mesh of multiple array distribution on upper casing 1 and lower casing 2.The shape of this mesh is circle, rectangle, round rectangle, regular polygon or notch shape.When selecting circle or round rectangle structure, the gradient network structure on mechanical arm can be avoided to occur wedge angle thus reduce stress concentrating, improving the intensity of mechanical arm.
Described mesh is divided into mesopore 1-1, side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3 successively according to pore size; Described mesopore 1-1 lays respectively at the middle part of upper casing 1 and lower casing 2, and the both sides of mesopore 1-1 are followed successively by side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3.Above-mentioned distribution is according to mechanical arm stressed size cases change profile in gradient everywhere, namely, distribution more closely side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3 less in the stressed larger part employing aperture of mechanical arm, adopts in the stressed less part of mechanical arm the mesopore 1-1 that aperture is comparatively large, distribution is more sparse.
The junction of described mesopore 1-1 and side opening 1-3 is provided with reinforcement 4; The connection of described reinforcement 4 and upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 adopts welds or one-body molded.Reinforcement 4 can further improve the intensity of mechanical arm.
The quantity of side opening 1-3 is greater than the quantity of side mesopore 1-2, and the quantity of side mesopore 1-2 is greater than the quantity of mesopore 1-1.
Described mesopore 1-1, side mesopore 1-2 and side opening 1-3 are all arranged in order along the axial direction of upper casing 1 and lower casing 2.
Mechanical arm can adopt the modes such as spraying, filling, bonding, and in the inside of mechanical arm, non-parts installation place adds macromolecule sound-absorbing damping material when post processing, to improve the problem such as noise and vibrations of mechanical arm.
The extrusion process that the present invention has gradient cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm realizes by following step:
(1) the force analysis step of mechanical arm; (2) mechanical arm strength check step; (3) mechanical arm die casting step; (4) mechanical arm demoulding step.
The force analysis step of described step (1) mechanical arm is mechanical arm under the condition of work of limiting condition and maximum load, the limit stress data calculated;
Described step (2) mechanical arm strength check step, after drawing mechanical arm stress data according to the analysis of step (1) mechanical arm force analysis step, adopt finite element analysis (ANSYS) method again, make the shape of the arrangement position of each mesh on upper casing 1 and lower casing 2 of gradient mesh-structured 1, spacing, aperture and mesh, with adaline mechanical arm requirement of strength;
Above-mentioned steps (3) mechanical arm die casting step, is divided into upper casing 1 die casting step and lower casing 2 die casting step; Described upper casing 1 die casting step, be in die casting except the structure needed for forming machine arm body, the arrangement position of each mesh on upper casing 1 also needing to draw according to step (2), spacing, aperture and mesh form, with it corresponding core array is set in die casting, i.e. the arrangement position of each core, spacing, diameter and shape; Then the aluminium alloy of melting is watered in die casting, treat its shaping, cooling;
The die casting step of described lower casing 2 is identical with the die casting step of upper casing 1;
Above-mentioned steps (4) mechanical arm demoulding step, after die casting cooling, each core is extracted out from die casting, namely upper casing 1 and the lower casing 2 of mechanical arm required form structure is completed, then rear operation process, assembling are carried out to the upper casing 1 after the demoulding and lower casing 2, obtain that there is the cancellated aluminium alloy compression casting mechanical arm of gradient.
Described die casting is vacuum die-casting mould; Described core is the column core with pattern draft.
As mentioned above, just the present invention can be realized preferably.In addition, can also be watered by above-mentioned steps and cast out symmetrical or asymmetrical upper and lower shell structure.
Embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other are any do not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle under do change, modification, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.