CN105056970A - Preparation method of catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) - Google Patents

Preparation method of catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) Download PDF

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CN105056970A
CN105056970A CN201510505841.2A CN201510505841A CN105056970A CN 105056970 A CN105056970 A CN 105056970A CN 201510505841 A CN201510505841 A CN 201510505841A CN 105056970 A CN105056970 A CN 105056970A
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catalyst
weight
powder
ceo
zro
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CN105056970B (en
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范婷婷
李云
廖传文
龚国恒
王瑞芳
熊毅
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SICHUAN ZHONGZI EXHAUST PURGE CO Ltd
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SICHUAN ZHONGZI EXHAUST PURGE CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a catalyst for purification of particulate matters in the diesel exhaust gas, wherein the catalyst is represented by the formula Pt-Pd/Co2O3/CeO2-ZrO2, wherein CeO2-ZrO2 is a cerium zirconium composite oxide carrier; Co2O3 is the auxiliary ingredient of the catalyst; Pt and Pd are active components of the noble metal catalyst; the weight percentage content of Co2O3 is 5-10% of the weight of the carrier; the total weight percentage content of noble metals Pt and Pd is 1-2% of the weight of the carrier; the ratio of Pt to Pd is 2:1-1:2; the adding quantity of Pt and Pd is metered according to the atomic mass of the noble metals. According to the preparation method of catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF), provided by the invention, the initiation temperature of catalyzed diesel soot is quite low, the ageing resistance is good, the activity of the catalyst under a high temperature environment during the regenerative process can be remained.

Description

A kind of preparation method of diesel vehicle catalyst type particle purifying device
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalyst preparing, paint-on technique field, especially belong to oxidation catalyst preparation and wall-flow type carrier paint-on technique field.
Background technology
Diesel car engine, with its higher fuel economy, higher dynamic property and good durability, becomes the first-selected power of big-and-middle-sized commercial car.Meanwhile, along with the technology of the miniaturized lightness of diesel vehicle is increasingly mature, the commercially shared ratio of light-duty diesel vehicle is increasing.But the particle of diesel oil overall height (PM) discharge is the major obstacle meeting strict emission regulation, and Particulate Pollution is directly detrimental to health, once PM directly can enter bronchus after being inhaled into human body, the gas exchanges of interference lung, causes the disease comprising the aspects such as asthma, bronchitis and cardiovascular disease.Therefore, the PM how effectively in purifying tail gas of diesel vehicles just becomes when previous problem anxious to be resolved.
At present, grain catcher (DPF) is a kind of effective means solving PM in emission of diesel engine tail gas, and it is by collecting the filter core of exhaust gas particulate and periodically the particle burning accumulated in filter core or the regenerative system oxidized away being formed.This technology first uses the PM in DPF trap exhaust, and then make dpf regeneration by carrying out oxidation to the PM collected, thus can remove carbon soot particles from diesel exhaust gas, its efficiency is more than 90%.Generally, PM initiation temperature is generally 550 ~ 650 DEG C, is higher than the normal exhaust temperature of diesel engine.Therefore, PM be made to burn, one is by adding catalyst at fuel oil or filtering bodies surface, reduces the reaction activity of PM, thus reduces the initiation temperature of PM, makes it be oxidized, i.e. passive regeneration at normal exhaust temperature; Two is the temperature adopting heating technique to improve diesel exhaust gas temperature or filtering bodies, reaches PM initiation temperature, the PM of filtration internal deposition is burnt, i.e. initiative regeneration.At present, most popular or passive regeneration technology, makes PM burn under normal delivery temperature by coated catalysts on DPF, thus is able to the regeneration of PM, and this grain catcher scribbling catalyst is called as CDPF.
At present, Chinese scholars is many for CDPF catalyst research, especially to noble metal and non-precious metal catalyst research a lot of.As single Pt noble metal catalyst Pt/MnO that United States Patent (USP) (US20090285736) is studied 2: CeO 2=1:1, Pt/MnO 2: CeO 2: CaO=4:4:1, although have lower PM initiation temperature, its heat resistant poor-performing.Although lower for non-precious metal catalyst cost, it is fresh and aging activity is not high, makes the initiation temperature of PM higher, so have little significance for the passive regeneration process of PM.Therefore, how to ensure that catalyst makes PM ignition at a lower temperature, and catalyst has high-temperature aging resisting performance, being the key determining PM cyclic regeneration, is also decide the purification that can this technology be widely used in PM in China's exhaust gas from diesel vehicle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome CDPF catalysis PM initiation temperature in prior art higher, result of use is not good, and easily ageing failure deficiency, a kind of catalyst for DPF catalysis PM ignition is provided, and use the CDPF equipment of this catalyst, promote PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle discharge.
The present invention additionally provides preparation and the painting method of above-mentioned catalyst and CDPF simultaneously, so that prepare above-mentioned catalyst type particulate matter trap.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
For a catalyst for PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, described catalyst is expressed from the next:
Pt-Pd/Co 2O 3/CeO 2-ZrO 2
Wherein, CeO 2-ZrO 2it is cerium zirconium compound oxide carrier; Co 2o 3it is the auxiliary component of catalyst; Pt, Pd are the active components of noble metal catalyst.
Wherein, Co 2o 3weight percent content is the 5%-10% of vehicle weight; Both Pt, Pd noble metals total weight percent content is the 1%-2% of vehicle weight, wherein Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2.Wherein Pt, Pd addition is in precious metal atom quality.
The CDPF applying catalyst of the present invention has the good characteristics that activity is high, good stability, arresting efficiency are high, can effectively reduce the particle emitted in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, thus the harm that minimizing tail gas causes environment and the mankind, meet state five light-duty diesel vehicle discharge standard.The experiment proved that the initiation temperature of above-mentioned catalyst soot is very low, and ageing resistace strengthens further, the activity of catalyst in regenerative process under hot environment can be realized.
Further, Co in preferred above-mentioned catalyst component 2o 3content be the 5%-10% of vehicle weight, preferably about 8%.
Further, in preferred above-mentioned catalyst component, the content of noble metal is the 1%-2% of vehicle weight, preferably about 1.5%.Preferably, Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2 (weight) in noble metal component.Preferably Pt:Pd=2:1.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method preparing above-mentioned catalyst material.
A preparation method for above-mentioned catalyst, comprises the following steps:
(1) get platinum in proportion, palladium starting compound mixes.
(2) add the compound of cobalt in proportion, preparation obtains red solution.
(3) CeO is tested 2-ZrO 2the specific pore volume of cerium zirconium support powder, calculate the amount ratio of red solution in carrier and step 2 according to the quality of support powder and specific pore volume, computing formula is as follows:
Quality × the specific pore volume of the cumulative volume=support powder of solution
Get support powder by result of calculation, join in the red solution of step (2) gained, stir, obtain light yellow fine powder.
(4) step (3) gained yellow powder is dry, then 500 ~ 650 DEG C of roastings, obtain Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Above-mentioned Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2, noble metal composite oxide catalyst, wherein Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2, active component Pt, Pd add with the form of platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, and both total contents are the 1%-2% of vehicle weight percentage composition in catalyst, and preferably 1.5%.Co 2o 3be add with the form of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, content is the 5%-10% of vehicle weight percentage composition in catalyst, preferably 8%.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grain catcher/catalytic converter applying above-mentioned catalyst component.
A catalytic converter containing above-mentioned catalyst component, mixes above-mentioned catalyst, auxiliary agent and binding agent, obtains catalyst pulp, be coated on the carrier of ceramic material, dry, roasting, obtain CDPF catalyst unit, encapsulation obtains complete catalytic converter.
Further, described catalyst pulp consists of: above-mentioned catalyst fines (Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2), acetic acid, binding agent (high sticky), dispersant (PVA, ZS-182), water.Described dispersant is one or both in PVA, ZS-182.Wherein acetic acid uses as auxiliary agent, and acetic acid weight is the 5%-8% of catalyst powder weight, and preferably 6%.Weight of binder is the 5%-8% of catalyst powder weight, preferably 6%; Dispersant weight is the 0.5%-1% of catalyst powder weight, preferably 0.6%.The consumption of water calculates according to the solid content of slurry, and the general solid content limiting slurry is 15%-25%.
Described PVA is polyvinyl alcohol.Described ZS-182 is ethoxylated alkylphenol type surfactant.
Further, described binding agent is mainly in order to improve catalyst strength, and binding agent can be one or more during Ludox, Alumina gel and height glue.What binding agent application was maximum has Ludox, Alumina gel, and its stay in grade is reliable, and bond effect is excellent.Preferably use high sticky as binding agent in the present invention, height is sticky has another name called boehmite, is monohydrate alumina, molecular formula Al 2o 3nH 2o (n=0.08-0.62), the white powder of nontoxic, tasteless, odorless, peptization performance is good, and caking property is strong, has the features such as specific surface is high, pore volume is large, high sticky purchased from Shandong Aluminum Co., Ltd..
Dispersant in above-mentioned catalyst pulp has PVA, ZS-182 two kinds, and wherein the ratio of PVA and ZS-182 is 1:1 ~ 2:1.Particularly preferably the weight of PVA is 1% of catalyst powder weight, the weight of ZS-182 is 0.6% of catalyst powder weight.The experiment proved that the dispersant in above-mentioned catalyst pulp can make the catalyst granules in slurry be disperseed well, contribute to the coating of catalyst pulp on DPF carrier and the dispersion of catalyst active component.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method applying the grain catcher of above-mentioned catalyst component.
Prepare a method for above-mentioned catalytic converter, comprise the following steps:
(1) high sticky, acetic acid and water is got, defibrination.Add Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst powder powder stock, dispersant and water, again defibrination, controlling slurry particle diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.8 μm.
(2) slurry that step (1) obtains is coated on ceramic monolith, controls 50 ~ 55 seconds starching time, blow away unnecessary slurry.
(3) load that step (2) obtains had the ceramic monolith of catalyst material dry, then 600 ~ 650 DEG C of roastings, obtain CDPF catalyst unit, and encapsulation obtains complete catalytic converter.
The initiation temperature of the catalytic converter catalysis soot of the present invention's encapsulation is very low, and ageing resistace is excellent, can realize the activity of catalyst in regenerative process under hot environment.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the initiation temperature of catalyst soot of the present invention is very low, and ageing resistace is good, can realize the activity of catalyst in regenerative process under hot environment.
2. catalyst activity of the present invention is high, good stability, arresting efficiency are high, can effectively reduce the particle emitted in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, thus the harm that minimizing tail gas causes environment and the mankind, meet state five light-duty diesel vehicle discharge standard.
3. the soot load capability of catalyst of the present invention is very high, and the regeneration balance point temperature of catalyst is very low.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2drooping characteristic curve in the CDPF loading procedure of formula 18g/L slurry coated weight.
Fig. 2 is Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2back pressure properties curve under the different soot heap(ed) capacity of CDPF of formula 18g/L slurry 18g/L coated weight.
Fig. 3 is Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2change in pressure drop curve in the CDPF regenerative process of formula 18g/L slurry 18g/L coated weight.
Fig. 4 is Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2the NO of CDPF front and back end in the CDPF regenerative process of formula 18g/L slurry 18g/L coated weight xand NO 2change curve.
Detailed description of the invention
More specifically, the process of a preferred Kaolinite Preparation of Catalyst powder materials of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) get platinum nitrate and the mixing of palladium nitrate solute with the 1%-2% of vehicle weight in final catalyst, wherein element Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C and catches up with acid, is preferably heated to 85 DEG C and catches up with acid.
(2) measure cobalt nitrate with the cobalt oxide of vehicle weight 5%-8% in final catalyst, add deionized water and be made into cobalt nitrate solution.Joined in the solution of step (1), then platinum, palladium and cobalt nitrate are mixed, obtain red solution.
(3) CeO is tested 2-ZrO 2the specific pore volume of cerium zirconium support powder, calculate and adjust the volume that (2) prepare solution, the quality × specific pore volume of the cumulative volume=support powder of solution, then in the solution adjusted, adding cerium zirconium support powder, stir 2-3 hour, obtain light yellow fine powder.
(4) light yellow fine powder is dry, 60-80 DEG C of dry 1-2 hour, 100-120 DEG C of dry 12-24 hour in an oven.
(5) catalyst fines dried for step (4) is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-650 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.Its meshbeltfurnace can also be adopted to carry out roasting.
More specifically, the preparation method of a preferred catalyst type grain catcher (CDPF) of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) by Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst powder (end) expect 6% get high sticky, to get and height glues the acetic acid of isodose and deionized water carries out defibrination, time 8-10min, the binding agent obtained respectively.
(2) in binding agent, add catalyst powder, and weight is dispersant PVA and ZS-172 of the 0.5%-1% of catalyst powder weight, adds the water calculated by 15%-20% solid content, carry out defibrination together.Controlling defibrination is 0.3-0.8 μm to slurry particle diameter, obtains slurry.
(3) slurry and ceramic monolith are applied on semi-automatic coating machine.Control starching time 50-55s, then with 40KPa pressure, unnecessary slurry is blown off, obtain the carrier being coated with catalyst pulp.
(4) will be coated with the carrier of catalyst pulp at 100-120 DEG C of dry 8-10 hour, 600-650 DEG C roasting 2-3 hour obtained CDPF catalyst unit, encapsulation obtains complete catalytic converter.
The comprehensive whole process of method preparing catalytic converter of the present invention is as follows: PM purifying and catalyzing converter preparation method in a kind of exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, comprises the following steps:
1. precentagewise content is that the 1%-2.0% calculating of making catalyst carrier weight adds platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, and wherein bullion content is 10g/ft 3, Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2, be placed in beaker respectively, by platinum nitrate, nitric acid be afraid of in 85 DEG C of water-baths heating catch up with acid.
2. cobalt oxide position second active component, by Co 2o 3weight percent content is that the 5%-8% making catalyst carrier weight adds cobalt nitrate, cobalt nitrate is dissolved in deionized water and is made into cobalt nitrate solution, then join in step beaker 1., be then mixed to form red solution by except the platinum of disacidify, palladium and cobalt nitrate.
3. CeO is tested 2-ZrO 2the specific pore volume of cerium zirconium support powder, 2. adjustment prepares the volume of solution; Quality × the specific pore volume of the cumulative volume=support powder of solution, then adds cerium zirconium support powder in the step liquor capacity that 2. adjusted is good, stirs 2-3 hour, obtains light yellow fine powder.
4. by step 3. gained powder put into baking oven, 60-80 DEG C stop 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours;
5. the catalyst fines that step is 4. dried is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-650 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
6. the acetic acid of high sticky, isodose is added by 6% of catalyst powder and water carries out defibrination, time 8-10min.
7. add the catalyst powder that 5. a certain amount of step obtains in binding agent step 6. obtained, weight is dispersant PVA and ZS-172 of the 0.5%-1% of catalyst powder weight, and the water calculated by certain solid content, carries out defibrination together.Controlling slurry particle diameter is 0.3-0.8 μm.
8. slurry step 7. obtained and ceramic monolith apply on semi-automatic coating machine.By time 50-55s on controlling, then with 40KPa pressure, unnecessary slurry is blown off.
9. catalyst type carrier step 8. obtained is at 100-120 DEG C of dry 8-10 hour, 600-650 DEG C roasting 2-3 hour obtained CDPF catalyst unit.
10. catalyst unit step 9. obtained carries out encapsulating and obtains complete catalytic converter
In the present invention, part explanation of nouns is as follows:
" specific pore volume " refers to the summation of the real pore volume of Unit Weight catalyst granules inside.
" catch up with acid " and refer to that to solution heating, wherein unnecessary acid constituents being volatilized discharges, containing unnecessary nitric acid component in the platinum nitrate used in the present invention, palladium nitrate, make wherein unnecessary nitric acid volatilization discharge by heating.
The present invention adopts cerium zirconium compound oxide to be catalyst carrier material, active component noble metal is passed through the method load of incipient impregnation on catalyst carrier material, drying, roasting form catalyst fines, then slurry is made by adding a certain amount of high sticky, dispersant, deionized water, be coated on ceramic matrix and form integral catalyzer, then make complete catalytic converter by encapsulation.
Apply the above-mentioned catalyst made when carrying out sample activity rating (namely soot height of initiation temperature when catalyst exists carrys out the quality of evaluate catalysts performance), load obtaining the loose mixing of soot that Pt-Pd/Co2O3/CeO2-ZrO2 catalyst fines and engine eject in fixed bed reactors, reaction temperature controls to carry out temperature programming test 25-700 DEG C of scope; With NO, NO 2, O 2for oxidizing gas, N 2for Balance Air, control total gas flow rate is 1000mL/min, and air speed is 30000h -1; Can the soot that ejects of the efficient oxidation engine, reduce the discharge of PM.
Apply above-mentioned packaged catalyst when carrying out engine bench test (i.e. Reality simulation diesel vehicle install the true emission test after catalyst), the complete CDPF catalytic converter obtained is arranged on diesel engine bench, select suitable operating mode to carry out soot loading, loading condition is selected: 1500rpm311Nm, air speed 48000h -1, CDPF inlet temperature 300 DEG C, smoke intensity 0.966FSN17.06mg/m 3, test the back pressure in loading procedure simultaneously; Select suitable operating mode to carry out passive regeneration (by adding catalyst at DPF carrier surface, reduce the reaction activity of PM, thus reduce the initiation temperature of PM), passive regeneration operating mode is selected: 1300rpm350Nm, air speed 36000h -1, CDPF inlet temperature 430 DEG C, smoke intensity 0.457FSN, soot load horizontal 5.1g/L, recovery time 50min; Can by regeneration balance point temperature effectively the activity of catalysts, effective oxidation engine take the soot come, reduce the discharge of PM.
The present invention adds the presoma cobalt nitrate hexahydrate of the second active component cobalt dioxide, by the primary and secondary active component of optimization of catalysts, thus plays the synergic catalytic effect between active component.Experiment proves, catalyst of the present invention effectively improves the performance of catalyst, the PM ignition that can engine be made at a lower temperature to eject, minimum temperature can reach 252 DEG C, engine bench test regeneration balance point temperature is between 350-360 DEG C, very high to the arresting efficiency of PM under the hot environment that can produce in regenerative process equally, ageing-resistant performance is good.
Below in conjunction with test example and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technology realized based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.Percentage not specified in the present invention is all weight percentage.
In following instance, each chemical raw material and reagent all have commercially available.If acetic acid is purchased from Chengdu Ke Long chemical reagent factory, high sticky purchased from Shandong Aluminum Co., Ltd., ZS-172 is purchased from Shanghai Hai Yi scientific & trading Co., Ltd., cobalt nitrate hexahydrate is purchased from Chengdu Ke Long chemical reagent factory, barium acetate is purchased from Chengdu Ke Long chemical reagent factory, and platinum nitrate congratulates Li Shi (Heraeus) purchased from Shanghai, and palladium nitrate congratulates Li Shi (Heraeus) purchased from Shanghai, cerium zirconium compound oxide is purchased from French Rhodia, and cerium zirconium aluminum composite oxides is purchased from Ganzhou Bo Jing Science and Technology Ltd..
Embodiment 1
Pt-Pd (1:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
Take the platinum nitrate solution that 0.475g mass fraction is 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.475g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.By 14.49g six water. cobalt nitrate in 20g deionized water, until six water. cobalt nitrate dissolves completely and joins in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stirs and makes it mix.Mixed solution is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, then 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then rinse Liquid Residue with remaining 5g water, stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.Gained powder is put into baking oven, stops 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.Dried powder is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtains Pt-Pd (1:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Embodiment 2
Pt-Pd (1:2)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
Take the platinum nitrate solution that 0.32g mass fraction is 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.63g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.By 14.49g six water. cobalt nitrate in 20g deionized water, until six water. cobalt nitrate dissolves completely and joins in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stirs and makes it mix.Mixed solution is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, then 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then rinse Liquid Residue with remaining 5g water, stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.Gained powder is put into baking oven, stops 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.Dried powder is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtains Pt-Pd (1:2)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Embodiment 3
Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
Take the platinum nitrate solution that 0.63g mass fraction is 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.By 14.49g six water. cobalt nitrate in 20g deionized water, until six water. cobalt nitrate dissolves completely and joins in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stirs and makes it mix.Mixed solution is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, then 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then rinse Liquid Residue with remaining 5g water, stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.Gained powder is put into baking oven, stops 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.Dried powder is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtains Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Get high sticky, acetic acid and water, defibrination.Add gained catalyst powder powder stock, dispersant and water, again defibrination, controlling slurry particle diameter is 0.3 ~ 0.8 μm.Slurry is coated on ceramic monolith, controls 50 ~ 55 seconds starching time, blow away unnecessary slurry.Load has the ceramic monolith of catalyst material, and dry, then 600 ~ 650 DEG C of roastings, obtain CDPF catalyst unit, and encapsulation obtains complete catalytic converter.
Test the drooping characteristic curve in its loading procedure, result as shown in Figure 1.Test its back pressure properties curve under different soot heap(ed) capacity, result as shown in Figure 2.Test its change in pressure drop curve in regenerative process, result as shown in Figure 3.Test NOx and the NO2 change curve of CDPF front and back end in its regenerative process, result as shown in Figure 4.
Remarks: Fig. 1 illustrate in soot loading procedure pressure drop increase to some extent, when being carried in a certain amount of, pressure drop controls within the pressure drop scope of engine, object be in order to investigate CDPF for soot heap(ed) capacity number.Fig. 2 shows that within the scope that pressure drop that different soot heap(ed) capacity tests all specifies at engine, object is to illustrate that on 18g/L slurry, carrying capacity is proper.Fig. 3 illustrates under this operating mode, and pressure drop constantly declines, and namely soot has started regeneration.Fig. 4 illustrates in regenerative process that the NOx amount entering front and back end is almost constant, and NO2 rear end is higher than front end concentration, illustrates that in regenerative process, noble metal also play certain effect in the conversion of NO → NO2.
Embodiment 4
Pt-Pd (2:1)/10%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
Take the platinum nitrate solution that 0.63g mass fraction is 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.By 18.11g six water. cobalt nitrate in 20g deionized water, until six water. cobalt nitrate dissolves completely and joins in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stirs and makes it mix.Mixed solution is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, then 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then rinse Liquid Residue with remaining 5g water, stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.Gained powder is put into baking oven, stops 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.Dried powder is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtains Pt-Pd (2:1)/10%Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Embodiment 5
Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3the preparation of/CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 catalyst
Take the platinum nitrate solution that 0.63g mass fraction is 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.By 14.49g six water. cobalt nitrate in 20g deionized water, until six water. cobalt nitrate dissolves completely and joins in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stirs and makes it mix.Mixed solution is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, then 50g cerium zirconium alumina supporter powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then rinse Liquid Residue with remaining 5g water, stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.Gained powder is put into baking oven, stops 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.Dried powder is put into Muffle furnace, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtains Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%Co 2o 3/ CeO2-ZrO2-Al2O3 catalyst fines.
Comparative example 1
Pt-Pd (2:1)/CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
(1) take: 0.63g mass fraction is the platinum nitrate solution of 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.
(2) mixed solution of step (1) is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, again 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then with the Liquid Residue in remaining 5g water rinsing step (2), stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.
(4) step (3) gained powder is put into baking oven, stop 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.
(5) step (4) is put into Muffle furnace with dried powder, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd (2:1)/CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Comparative example 2
Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%BaO/CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
(1) take: 0.63g mass fraction is the platinum nitrate solution of 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.
(2) by 6.16g barium acetate in 20g deionized water, dissolve completely until barium nitrate and join in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stir and make it mix.
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, again 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then with the Liquid Residue in remaining 5g water rinsing step (2), stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.
(4) step (3) gained powder is put into baking oven, stop 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.
(5) step (4) is put into Muffle furnace with dried powder, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%BaO/CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Comparative example 3
Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%K 2o/CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
(1) take: 0.63g mass fraction is the platinum nitrate solution of 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.
(2) by 8.6g potassium nitrate in 20g deionized water, dissolve completely until potassium nitrate and join in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stir and make it mix.
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, again 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then with the Liquid Residue in remaining 5g water rinsing step (2), stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.
(4) step (3) gained powder is put into baking oven, stop 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.
(5) step (4) is put into Muffle furnace with dried powder, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%K 2o/CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Comparative example 4
Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%SrO/CeO 2-ZrO 2the preparation of catalyst
(1) take: 0.63g mass fraction is the platinum nitrate solution of 29.77%, carry out catching up with acid to complete in 80 DEG C of water-baths, take again 0.32g mass fraction be 15.58% palladium nitrate solution under similarity condition, catch up with acid to completely, then add 5g deionized water dissolving platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, finally both are mixed.
(2) by 8.17g strontium nitrate in 20g deionized water, dissolve completely until strontium nitrate and join in platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate mixed solution, stir and make it mix.
(3) mixed solution of step (2) is poured into inside loaded plastics bucket, again 50g cerium zirconium support powder is added in loaded plastics bucket, then with the Liquid Residue in remaining 5g water rinsing step (2), stir 1-3 hour, obtain yellow fine powder.
(4) step (3) gained powder is put into baking oven, stop 2 hours, then 120 DEG C of dryings 24 hours at 60-80 DEG C.
(5) step (4) is put into Muffle furnace with dried powder, at 500-600 DEG C of roasting 3-4 hour, obtain Pt-Pd (2:1)/8%SrO/CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
Activity determination result
Catalyst in above embodiment is carried out active evaluation test.Experimental condition is as follows:
The soot that this catalyst fines and engine eject is according to 10:1 comes in loose contact, and atmospheric condition is: the nitric oxide (NO) of 600ppm, the nitrogen dioxide (NO of 400ppm 2), 10% oxygen (O 2), remaining reaction gas is nitrogen (N 2), the volume of the soot that catalyst fines and engine eject is 2ml, and reaction velocity is 30000h -1, at 180 DEG C of activation 30min, then persistently overheating, heating rate is 10 DEG C/min, temperature range 25-700 DEG C, records harsh one-tenth CO 2temperature (Ti), generate maximum CO 2temperature (Tf) and CO 2growing amount becomes the temperature (Tm) of 0, and it the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Ti Tf Tm
Embodiment 1 324.8 350.7 389.6
Embodiment 2 334.2 365.1 397.8
Embodiment 3 309.0 318.9 353.8
Embodiment 4 315.4 331.7 352.4
Embodiment 5 369.5 391.4 440.8
Comparative example 1 350.8 396.4 438.5
Comparative example 2 330.5 351.7 409.8
Comparative example 3 288.7 309.6 340.5
Comparative example 4 336.7 354.9 414.3
The hydrothermal aging experiment condition 800 DEG C of catalyst, 16h, air speed 30000h -1, 10% steam.Catalyst prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 is carried out hydrothermal aging experiment respectively.Then, adopt above-mentioned soot catalysis ignition method of testing to carry out test Ti, Tf, Tm temperature respectively, it the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Ti Tf Tm
Embodiment 1 hydrothermal aging 345.2 379.4 400.2
Embodiment 2 hydrothermal aging 356.8 392.1 435.7
Embodiment 3 hydrothermal aging 312.8 335.7 350.7
Embodiment 4 hydrothermal aging 339.8 421.5 450.3
Embodiment 5 hydrothermal aging 371.2 398.5 447.8
Comparative example 1 hydrothermal aging 361.9 400.5 442.8
Comparative example 2 hydrothermal aging 346.1 370.5 423.8
Comparative example 3 hydrothermal aging 380.8 427.9 478.6
Comparative example 4 hydrothermal aging 375.2 401.5 449.8
The Sulfur tolerance experiment condition 350 DEG C of catalyst, 15h, 50ppmSO2.Catalyst prepared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3 is carried out Sulfur tolerance experiment respectively.Then, adopt above-mentioned soot catalysis ignition method of testing to carry out test Ti, Tf, Tm temperature respectively, it the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Ti Tf Tm
Embodiment 1 sulphur is aging 341.2 359.7 389.5
Embodiment 2 sulphur is aging 380.5 410.7 439.5
Embodiment 3 sulphur is aging 310.5 311.6 355.6
Embodiment 4 sulphur is aging 330.6 389.2 423.7
Embodiment 5 sulphur is aging 372.8 403.5 435.8
Comparative example 1 sulphur is aging 361.9 400.5 442.8
Comparative example 2 sulphur is aging 344.8 387.6 442.7
Comparative example 3 sulphur is aging 377.4 418.5 448.9
Comparative example 4 sulphur is aging 345.7 389.4 444.8
Above catalyst formulation compares from carrier material, bullion content, auxiliary dosage and the several aspect of auxiliary agent kind, can learn from above three tables:
(1) embodiment 5 is compared with other embodiments, comparative example, although resistance to hydrothermal aging and sulphur ageing properties are very well, its fresh catalyst activity is poor, and the initiation temperature of soot is higher.
(2) compared by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, active good than other ratios during Pt:Pd=2:1, along with the continuous increase of Pd content, the Sulfur tolerance of its catalyst can decline accordingly, causes it actively to reduce.
(3) from embodiment 3, embodiment 4, when amount of auxiliary is 8%, the activity of its catalyst is best.When increasing with amount of auxiliary, the initiation temperature of soot can decrease on the contrary, causes the activity decrease of its catalyst.
(4) compared by embodiment 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, comparative example 3, comparative example 4, auxiliary agent kind is larger on catalyst activity impact.Found out by comparative example 1, the catalyst soot initiation temperature of non-adding assistant is higher than the catalyst soot initiation temperature having added auxiliary agent, and its catalyst activity is poor.Compared by embodiment 3, comparative example 2, comparative example 3, comparative example 4 and find out, the catalyst fresh activity adding auxiliary agent K is fine, but resistance to hydrothermal aging and sulphur ageing properties poor, consider the fresh activity of embodiment 3, ageing-resistant activity is all relatively good, its catalyst has lower initiation temperature to soot.

Claims (9)

1., for a catalyst for PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, described catalyst is expressed from the next:
Pt-Pd/Co 2O 3/CeO 2-ZrO 2
Wherein,
CeO 2-ZrO 2it is cerium zirconium compound oxide carrier;
Co 2o 3it is the auxiliary component of catalyst;
Pt, Pd are the active components of noble metal catalyst;
Wherein, Co 2o 3weight percent content is the 5%-10% of vehicle weight; Both Pt, Pd noble metals total weight percent content is the 1%-2% of vehicle weight, wherein Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2; Wherein Pt, Pd addition is in precious metal atom quality.
2., as claimed in claim 1 for the catalyst of PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, it is characterized in that, Co in catalyst component 2o 3content be the 5%-10% of vehicle weight.
3., as claimed in claim 1 for the catalyst of PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, it is characterized in that, in catalyst component, the content of noble metal is the 1%-2% of vehicle weight.
4. as claimed in claim 1 for the catalyst of PM purification in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, it is characterized in that, Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2(weight in noble metal component).
5. a preparation method for above-mentioned catalyst, comprises the following steps:
(1) get platinum in proportion, palladium starting compound mixes;
(2) add the compound of cobalt in proportion, preparation obtains red solution;
(3) CeO is tested 2-ZrO 2the specific pore volume of cerium zirconium support powder, calculate the amount ratio of red solution in carrier and step 2 according to the quality of support powder and specific pore volume, computing formula is as follows:
Quality × the specific pore volume of the cumulative volume=support powder of solution
Get support powder by result of calculation, join in the red solution of step (2) gained, stir, obtain light yellow fine powder;
(4) step (3) gained yellow powder is dry, then 500 ~ 650 DEG C of roastings, obtain Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2catalyst fines.
6. the preparation method of catalyst as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, above-mentioned Pt-Pd/Co 2o 3/ CeO 2-ZrO 2, noble metal composite oxide catalyst, wherein Pt:Pd=2:1-1:2, active component Pt, Pd add with the form of platinum nitrate, palladium nitrate, and both total contents are the 1%-2% of vehicle weight percentage composition in catalyst; Co 2o 3be add with the form of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, content is the 5%-10% of vehicle weight percentage composition in catalyst.
7. the catalytic converter containing above-mentioned catalyst component, mixes above-mentioned catalyst, auxiliary agent and binding agent, obtains catalyst pulp, be coated on the carrier of ceramic material, dry, roasting, obtain CDPF catalyst unit, encapsulation obtains complete catalytic converter.
8. catalytic converter as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described catalyst pulp consists of: above-mentioned catalyst fines, acetic acid, binding agent, dispersant, water;
Described dispersant is one or both in PVA and ZS-182;
Wherein acetic acid uses as auxiliary agent, and acetic acid weight is the 5%-8% of catalyst powder weight;
Weight of binder is the 5%-8% of catalyst powder weight;
Dispersant weight is the 1%-2% of catalyst powder weight,
The consumption of water calculates according to the solid content of slurry, and the general solid content limiting slurry is 15%-25%.
9. catalytic converter as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described PVA is polyvinyl alcohol; Described ZS-182 is ethoxylated alkylphenol type surfactant.
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