CN105051635B - Navigation in process control plant figure description - Google Patents

Navigation in process control plant figure description Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105051635B
CN105051635B CN201480014836.5A CN201480014836A CN105051635B CN 105051635 B CN105051635 B CN 105051635B CN 201480014836 A CN201480014836 A CN 201480014836A CN 105051635 B CN105051635 B CN 105051635B
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unit
icon
process control
selection
control plant
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CN201480014836.5A
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CN105051635A (en
Inventor
M·J·尼克松
M·B·库克
D·L·马内斯
H·S·斯莫尔曼
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Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc
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Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc
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Priority claimed from US13/859,714 external-priority patent/US9983575B2/en
Priority claimed from US14/207,142 external-priority patent/US10514668B2/en
Application filed by Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc filed Critical Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc
Publication of CN105051635A publication Critical patent/CN105051635A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B15/00—Systems controlled by a computer
    • G05B15/02—Systems controlled by a computer electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0208—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the configuration of the monitoring system
    • G05B23/0216—Human interface functionality, e.g. monitoring system providing help to the user in the selection of tests or in its configuration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
    • G05B23/0259—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults characterized by the response to fault detection
    • G05B23/0267—Fault communication, e.g. human machine interface [HMI]
    • G05B23/0272—Presentation of monitored results, e.g. selection of status reports to be displayed; Filtering information to the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31472—Graphical display of process

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of process control monitoring method, the method is using navigation pane to navigate in the figure description of process control plant.The navigation pane includes Unit selection region and device selection region, wherein the described Unit selection region (i) includes one or more Unit selection device icons corresponding with one or more units in the figure description of the process control plant, (II) described device selection region includes one or more device selector icons corresponding with one or more devices in the figure description of the process control plant, each unit in (III) described process control plant includes one or more devices in the process control plant, and (iv) based on one or more devices relevant to the unit of the Unit selection device icon is corresponded to included in the process control plant, each Unit selection device icon is associated with one or more device selector icons.In response to receiving the selection to first unit selector icon, show one or more device selector icons relevant to the first unit controlled in factory in the process in described device region, first unit during described in control factory is corresponding with selected first unit selector icon, wherein (i) shows one or more device selector icons relevant to selected first unit selector icon in described device selection region, and (II) one or more non-selected Unit selection device icons, which are kept, to be shown in the Unit selection region.In addition, showing one or more devices corresponding with the first unit selector icon in the figure description of the process control plant.

Description

Navigation in process control plant figure description
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to Process Control Systems, and more particularly, to the trend and mistake of monitoring process variable The hierarchical structure of process control factory, graphics wizard.
Background technique
Such as those for process plants in chemistry, petroleum or other industry generally include one or more concentrations or The process controller of dispersion, these controllers are couple at least via simulation, number or combined analog/digital bus communication One host or operator's work station and one or more process control and instrumentation, such as field device.Such as it can be with It is the field device of valve, valve positioner, switch, transmitter and sensor (for example, temperature, pressure and flow sensor) in mistake The function of such as increasing or decreasing fluid stream and measurement process parameters is executed in journey.Process controller receives instruction and is set by scene The signal and/or other information related with field device of standby process measurement make or relative or process variable, make Implement control routine with these information, and then generate control signal, passes through one or more of bus or other communications Route is sent to the operation that field device carrys out control process.Information from field device and controller is commonly provided to by grasping Make person works stand execute one or more application program so that operator be able to carry out it is desired related with process Function, such as check the current state of process, the operation for modifying process etc..For example, Emerson Process Management The Delta V of saleTMControl system includes being stored in process plant in the distinct device in multiple places and by these not Multiple application programs that same equipment executes.
Although typical process plant has many process control and instrumentation, such as is connected to one or more processes Valve, transmitter and sensor of controller etc. are crossed one or more process controller execution during the operation of process and are used for Control the software of these equipment, but there are many more necessary to the operation of process or related with the operation of process other match Cover device.These additional devices include, for example, power supply device, power generation and power distribution equipment, storage tank, heater, all Such as turbine rotating device, etc., they are located at multiple places in typical plant.Although this additional device is not necessarily Creation or use process variable, and in many cases, for the purpose of influence process operation, this additional device not by Control is even not connected to process controller, but this device is still important and finally comes to the appropriate operation of process Say it is required.
In order to manage the relative position of multiple field devices and device assembly and from their information, reside in one or Configuration application program in multiple operator's work stations enables the designer to create or change operator interface, the operation Human interface is by checking that application program using to present the data to operator, and is allowed the operator in process control Change setting in routine, such as set-point.Each nonshared control unit and, in some cases, one or more field devices It stores and executes the controller application for running the control module for being assigned to and downloading to nonshared control unit or field device Program, to implement actual process control function.What can be run on one or more operator's work stations checks using journey Sequence receives data from controller application program via bus, and the person that presents the data to process control system design, operator, Or the user using user interface, and can provide any view in multiple and different views, such as the view of operator, The view of engineer, the view etc. of technician.Database application is generally stored inside in database facility and is executed by it, number It is collected according to library facilities and some or all of the data provided across bus is provided, while configuration database application program can be attached It is connected on the another computer of these buses and runs, to store the configuration of active procedure control routine and relative data.It can Alternatively, configuration database can be located in work station identical with configuration application program.
With the increase of the complexity and quantity of field device used in process control environment, different is checked using journey Sequence, such as graphical display application program have been provided to enable the user of such as operator that can monitor the process.For example, having made Application program is graphically displayed so that control operator can check current operating or the area of process plant of process plant Domain, or the hardware device that enables maintenance personnel to check in process plant state, allow to simulation process factory etc..
For example, a type of graphical display application program can be used pipeline (or process) and meter diagram (P&ID) to use Family can monitor the current operating of process plant in real time.P&ID generally includes the graphical representation of full-scale plant and function, common The flat functional figure of the specific part of forming process.Graphical representation in P&ID is usually that class is practically arranged, to provide The more true layout of process control equipment, so that the layout of every equipment in P&ID reflects process work in a sense The layout of actual device in factory.Such as P&ID can be used in graphical display application program, by with representational cloth in space Office is to describe including such as heater, storage tank, every equipment of the crude oil unit of several equipment such as desalter, to indicate The specific region Crude Oil unit of process plant.
In addition, P&ID allows generally for operator to monitor the parameter (such as process variable value) in factory in real time, mention simultaneously The display option that can configure for highly user.Unfortunately, the real value in P&ID shows and can not effectively support pair The detection of these real value times to time change.In other words, P& can not be made via the display of the real-time process variable value of P&ID The user of ID easily detects or understands the trend in discribed real time data.In fact, since P&ID tends to do not having Have and filled up real value in screen space that discribed equipment in really showing with spatially class uses, therefore to user For be difficult to see that and understand real time data itself, the let alone time trend in the data.
P&ID developer recently attempt design P&ID show with reflect it is relevant to process plant device it is more carefully Save or reflect increasingly complex process plant, P&ID developer believes that these more data facilitate user and more fully understand The process, this exacerbates this problem.This, which is pushed, creates more complicated P&ID, and developer is caused to be included in more information It in P&ID, and is then shown in P&ID, these information are from the increasingly complexity for including greater number of device and field device Process plant.Other than running with the operation of real time data hiding in more figures are mixed and disorderly, these are increasingly complex P&ID generally includes inconsistent layout (between different P&ID), so as to the use that must switch between multiple and different P&ID For family, it is increasingly difficult to position real-time parameter value.In fact, these nearest trend only exacerbate it is mixed and disorderly in P&ID, To further slow down the search to process parameter data made by user.
As a result, using the operation of P&ID monitoring process since operator faces the detailed data of such enormous amount Personnel may get lost in quickly in the huge information content presented in P&ID or it may miss the important of appearance in the process Process variable trend or mode.In addition, the data of this enormous amount are difficult to especially in large-scale and complex process plant It checks, needless to say P&ID (and potential other supports figures or chart, such as can be via the process change that P&ID is accessed be used only Amount tendency chart) it grasps and understands.As a result, operator may spend unnecessary time and efforts to carry out position fixing process change The current value of amount and itself and set-point value, desired value etc. are compared.In addition, by rapidly not detecting or knowing in the process Other problem, for example, particular procedure variable state deterioration etc., operator may react potential runaway event is corrected Slow, this may result in serious injury, property loss, environmental pollution, even death.When operator attempts via P&ID When monitoring more complicated and/or bigger factory, these " terrorist incidents " are possible to more frequently occur.
In addition, navigation may bring many tired in the P&ID of extensive, complicated process plant for operator It is difficult.Due to the characteristic of the hierarchical structure of process plant and extensive, via P&ID navigate to process plant different piece or Region may be disturbing the judgement, difficult and counterintuitive.The process checked according to control operator via P&ID The current hierarchy grade or detail grade of the diagram of factory, operator may be difficult to suitably determine in process plant Other regions context view in current location in the diagram of process plant that shows.Reality is checked in current P&ID In existing, when hierarchical structure grade specific in P&ID checks current location or region of diagram of process plant, operation Personnel are provided with the hyperlink of limited quantity to navigate throughout the diagram of factory.It can indicate region in factory, list Each of member or these hyperlink of a device are usually only shown as text, and do not provide them relative to factory In the specific location or hierarchical structure grade of other regions or unit.That is, in the direction of navigation link and these links Between usually not consistent excitation-response mapping, to provide a series of P& of interconnection to the insufficient operator of experience Uncertain sense is left when ID is navigated.
Further it is provided that the hyperlink to operator is generally only used for the navigation in current hierarchy grade, and Other options that position and hierarchical structure in diagram for spreading process plant are navigated are not provided.In other words, P&ID Lack the context entirely illustrated for making operator's " brill " keep process plant simultaneously to more detailed hierarchical structure grade Ability.For example, if the different zones of the diagram of process plant need operator immediately note that in such as different zones The direction process deviations situation process variable, operator be likely difficult to determination and being then difficult to navigate to relative to The position of the different zones in the process plant of the current location of process plant.As a result, in the time critical event phase Between, operator can suffer from unpredictable navigation (for example, test and mistake click etc.), it is possible to operator be caused to exist Poor decision is made in unnecessary pressure and setback.
Equally, if operator not successfully navigates to the position of the different zones of the problem of identified, behaviour is controlled The details for dealing with the suitable grade for attempting acquisition process control variable may be still needed by making personnel.In excessively high detail grade, Operator may only grasp considerably less process control information when checking P&ID.Alternatively, operator may check Multiple process variable tendency charts grasp too many details whens attempting for active procedure variate-value to be compared with set point information etc.. In addition, detailed information source can not be integrated with P&ID, and it may need to control operator and check across multiple isolated windows Or the information of each detail grade of screen distribution.Grasping very little or too many details may cause to control operator respectively Incomplete or slow decision is made, to cause in critical event or during period serious consequence.
Summary of the invention
A kind of process control monitoring system for process control plant, assisted using graphical trend symbol detection and Monitor the trend of process control plant internal procedure variable.Graphical display application program in process control monitoring system can be realized simultaneously Each graphical trend symbol is shown, so that the current trend and value of process control plant internal procedure variable are indicated or summarized with figure Information.In particular, graphical display application program can be used the process variable data collected from field device and be stored in number One or more graphic elements are generated according to the process variable data in library, the graphic element is display together to form figure and become Gesture symbol.Each graphic element can indicate the different attributes of process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol, and may include Indicate the graphical trend element of the tendency information of process variable, such as the variation side of the rate of change of process variable, process variable To, variation expecting degree of process variable etc..Similarly, graphic element also may include the current value information for indicating process variable Pattern values element, such as amplitude, process variable position etc. relative to desired value of the process variable relative to desired value.Figure is aobvious Show that application program can display together one or more of these graphic elements to form graphical trend symbol and with figure or symbol Number indicate the current trend or value of process variable.In addition, graphical display application program can be with the figure of process control plant Actual position spatially in expression shows that the graphical trend symbol (such as P&ID) makes operator rapid Using the position of process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol relative to the area around the graphical trend symbol in graphical representation Domain and the direction for finding herself accurately.
Advantageously, graphical display application program can show the graphical trend in the graphical representation of the process plant Symbol, and simultaneously show navigation pane, navigation pane can be provided for operator relative to the figured process work of display The context of the hierarchical structure of factory or each hierarchical structure grade (for example, specific region, unit, a device etc.).Important It is that graphical display application program can also quickly be led between different hierarchical structure grades by navigation pane assist operators It navigates, the graphical trend symbol in the context of the different levels structural class in graphical representation to monitor the process plant. Particularly, graphical display application program can constantly and consistently be led relative to described in display in figured same position Navigate pane, to provide predictable and efficient navigation in the graphical representation of the process plant.Particularly, graphical display application Program can realize navigation pane to include different types of selector icon, wherein each selector icon represents a different list Member, region, a device etc., and corresponding to specific figure description shown in the graphical representation of the factory.Advantageously, Graphical display application program shows different types of selector icon in different types of selection region, is easy operator Different hierarchical structure grades and the corresponding process variable in the process plant are distinguished, while being kept relative to entire work The context of factory.In response to receiving the selection to selector icon in the specific selection region in navigation pane, figure is aobvious Show that application program can relocate or change the figured details of the process plant according to selected selector icon Grade.
When showing the graphical trend symbol in the figured real views spatially of factory, graphical display In addition application program can provide the difference etc. of one or more of process variable relevant to shown graphical trend symbol The process variable information view of the details of grade.Advantageously, graphical display application program can determine according to many factors (such as screen Space, process variable in key state etc.) implement one or more process variable information windows of different grades of details Lattice.Graphical display application program implement each pane with show be directed to it is shown in the figured view currently shown The different grades of details of the corresponding one or more process variables of graphical trend symbol.For example, graphical display application Program can show abstract pane, which can only include being directed to become using one or more figures shown by graphical representation The graphical trend symbol of gesture symbol and the related names of process variable.In addition, other than information provided in abstract pane, Graphical display application program may also display detailed pane, which for example may include for using shown by graphical representation Amplitude/positional value of the active procedure variable of one or more graphical trend symbols and the comparison figure and/or reality of desired value Actuator (actuator) or value position.In addition, other than information provided in detailed pane, graphical display application program It can show expansion pane, which for example may include the history figure of process variable.Importantly, described in response to receiving The selection of corresponding process variable view, detailed pane in the selection of graphical trend symbol in graphical representation, pane of making a summary The selection etc. of interior corresponding process variable view, graphical display application program dynamically highlight the figure in graphical representation The detailed view of corresponding process variable all changed in shape trend symbol and pane.
Detailed description of the invention
For the more complete understanding disclosure, specific embodiment and attached drawing should be referred to, wherein identical appended drawing reference mark Know identical element in figure, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the signal of the Process Control System with controller (or control element) according to one aspect of the disclosure Property diagram, the Process Control System is configured as connecing via the communication transmitted between the controller and multiple field devices Receive the process variable information from multiple field devices；
Fig. 2 is that the graphical representation of the exemplary crude oil unit in a part of process control plant and process control plant are led The screenshotss of boat pane；
Fig. 2A shows another embodiment of the navigation pane of Fig. 2；
Fig. 2 B shows the another exemplary navigation pane comprising the exemplary navigation key in Fig. 2A；
Fig. 2 C shows the another exemplary navigation pane comprising the exemplary navigation key in Fig. 2A and/or 2B；
Fig. 2 D shows another view of the example navigation panes in Fig. 2 C；
Fig. 3 is the detailed view of the navigation pane of process control plant；
Fig. 4 is the protrusion of the heater in the graphical representation of the exemplary crude oil unit in a part of process control plant The navigation pane screenshotss of display and process control plant；
Fig. 5 is the graphical representation of the exemplary heater in a part of process control plant, navigation pane, abstract window Lattice and the screenshotss that pane is unfolded；
Fig. 6 is the view of exemplary patterns trend symbol；
Fig. 7 is the process variable attributed graph that can be used to create graphical trend symbol；
Fig. 7 A-D and 8-17 show instruction process corresponding with the component in the example process control system of Fig. 1 and become Measure the exemplary icons of related situation, characteristic, trend, and/or other information；
Figure 18 is the detailed view of the screenshotss of abstract pane, detailed pane and expansion pane in Fig. 5；
Figure 18 A shows the alternate embodiment of the abstract pane in Figure 18；
Figure 18 B shows the alternate embodiment of the pane in detailed Figure 18, and it includes refer to than the example graph in Figure 18 A Show the example process variable figure of more information；
Figure 18 C shows the alternate embodiment of the process variable pane in Figure 18, and it includes than the exemplary diagram in Figure 18 B The example process variable figure of shape instruction more information；
Figure 18 D shows the abstract pane of the example process variable in Figure 18 A-18C in the form packed up；
Figure 18 E shows the example event history lists for display；
Figure 19 is multiple corresponding protrusions of highlighted selected process variable and selected process variable The screenshotss of display；And
Figure 20 A-20B is the illustrative methods for generating graphical trend symbol.
Specific embodiment
Process control monitoring system 10 shown in Fig. 1 can be used for realizing and showing graphical trend symbol described herein Number, which includes being connected to database 12 via network-bus 31 (for example, ethernet communication network) With the process of one or more host workstations or computer 14 (it can be any kind of personal computer, work station etc.) Controller 11.Each work station 14 may include for storing multiple application programs including such as graphical display application program 30 Memory, and user interface 13 can be communicatively coupled to.Controller 11 is also via 26 and 28 connection of input/output (I/O) card To field device 15-22.Database 12 can be the data collection module of any desired type, the data collection module tool There are memory and any desired or known software, hardware or firmware for storing data.System 10 can be also in database Storage process variable value or process variable data are for generating graphical trend symbol and then showing graphical trend symbol in 12 Show to operator.In Fig. 1, controller 11 uses hard wired communication networks and communication plan, or is alternatively used wireless Network and radio communication system are communicably connected to field device 15-22.
In general, field device 15-22 can be any kind of equipment, such as sensor, valve, transmitter, locator etc., And I/O card 26 and 28 can be meet any desired communication or controller protocol (such as Fieldbus agreement, HART protocol, 4-20ma simulates agreement etc.) any kind of I/O equipment.Valve, sensor shown in Fig. 1 and other equipment can be any The device of desired type or type, including for example Fieldbus field device, standard 4-20ma field device, the scene HART are set It is standby etc., and controller 11 can be in any desired way connected to and controlled by controller 11.In addition, other controllers can It is relevant to process plant 16 other to control that controller 11 and work station 14 are connected to via such as ethernet communication route 31 The operation in equipment or region, this additional controller can be controlled in a manner of any desired or is known with shown in Fig. 1 The operation of device 11 is coordinated.
Controller 11 includes processor 23, processor 23 for realizing or supervision storage in memory 24 one or more A process control routine (or its any module, block or subroutine).In general, controller 11 and equipment 15-22, host meter Calculation machine 14 and database 12 are communicated, thus control process in any desired way.In addition, controller 11 can be used usually The referred to as things of functional block implements control strategy or scheme, wherein each functional block is that one of entire control routine is right As or another part (for example, subroutine), together with other functional blocks (via the communication of referred to as link) run with Process control loops are realized in process control monitoring system 10.Functional block usually executes one of following functions, in process It controls and executes some physical functions in monitoring system 10: input function (such as surveyed with transmitter, sensor or other procedure parameters Measure the relevant input function of equipment), control function (such as control function relevant to the controls such as PID, fuzzy logic are executed) or Person controls the output function of the operation of some equipment (such as valve).Certainly, also may be present herein and using mixing and its The functional block of its type.Functional block is storable in controller 11 or other equipment and is executed by it, as described below.
In general, the process control monitoring system 10 of Fig. 1 can be used for monitoring the mistake of one or more process control plants Journey, wherein for example, an execution graphical display application program in work station 14, the graphical display application program allow to operate Personnel are indicated by the reality pictures spatially of factory via user interface 13 to monitor the process, and in the process The different zones of the expression of the process plant are navigate in the context of the hierarchical structure of factory.Shown in Fig. 1 is exemplary In process control monitoring system, this graphical display application program 30 is resided in work station 14.However, graphical display application journey Sequence 30 can be stored and be executed in other work stations 14, or be led in any desired way (including with any wireless mode) Letter (including with any wireless mode) is connected in other computers of bus 31.
Referring again to Fig. 1, database 12 can store the configuration data including device data, and the device data is, for example, work The list of device unit and device hierarchical structure, management information related with each region of factory, device unit and work in factory Association, the hierarchical structure decomposition of device, the field equipment data of the position data of such as each field device, scene in plant area domain Equipment and more than one piece device be associated with and other configurations data.Also, it should be mentioned that database 12 can be an individually clothes Business device or one group of server, alternatively, database 12 can be by simply real if process plant control monitoring network 10 is sufficiently small It applies as the dedicated process service of one file system in work station 14.Importantly, system 10 can be in database 12 It is interior to store the current and historical process variate-value acquired from field device 15-22, or generated by graphical display application program 30 Process variable data, for example, with for generating graphical trend symbol and being shown to operator.
In general, operator can run or execute graphical display application program 30 during operation or in simulated environment To be realized in the figure table of process plant and show graphical trend symbol.Graphical display application program 30 can take from database 12 It returns or receives the process variable information for being directed to particular procedure variable, with generating process variable data and process variable trend data. Graphical display application program can generate in the graphical representation in the process plant and show the graphical trend symbol When, use these process variable datas and process variable trend data.
As shown in Figure 2, for example, graphical display application program 30 is showed to operator including constituting factory component Figured exemplary screen shot 50, be the crude oil unit that is shown in observation panel 52 and navigation pane 54 in the example 53.The whole figure that shown crude oil unit figure indicates that 53 only depict the process plant indicates (that is, entire P&ID) A part, especially only depict in the crude oil unit (for example, being marked as " crude oil unit 1 ") of the process plant and include Device.As shown in Fig. 2, graphical display application program can show that crude oil unit figure indicates 53, to include factory's Crude Oil list Member true layout (for example, P&ID) spatially, the crude oil unit include composition crude oil unit such as heater 56, The true description with figure of the devices such as destilling tower 58, desalter 60.Graphical display application program can show shown every Part device, to include the true description of the part device, identifier tag and the part device can be couple to other devices or all Such as fuel oil, any pipeline for firing the other inflow/outflow sources of gas and water, connection etc..For example, heater 56 includes the true of heater It is real to describe and identifier tag " H-138 ", at the same indicate it is relevant to heater 56 output and input, such as steam pipe 57 entrance, the entrance for fuel pipe 59, the entrance for fuel pipe 63 and the outlet for crude oil pipe 65.Figure is aobvious Show that application program can show the graphical representation 53 of crude oil unit in observation panel 52, to also include for the specific of every device Or crucial process variable information.For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the display of graphical display application program 30 is for related to heater 56 Multiple process variables process variable data, such as inlet pressure, outlet pressure and crude oil temperature (hereinafter will be more detailed Discussion).
As shown in Fig. 2, the permission operator of navigation pane 54 efficiently navigates to the graphical representation 61 of whole process factory Or the graphical trend symbol in other process plants, while the practical level knot for reflecting the process plant being provided for operator The hierarchical architecture or the context in structure of structure.Particularly, navigation pane 54 allows operator rapidly to identify described In the context of process plant 61 entirely indicated or about it is described entirely indicate it is current shown in observation panel 52 described in The region or part of process plant.In addition, navigation pane 54 clearly can provide some or all of possible positions to operator Navigation options are set, with the different zones of the diagram for efficiently navigating to process plant, without considering the process plant The hierarchical structure grade of the different zones of diagram.Advantageously, graphical display application program 30 can constantly and consistently Navigation pane 54 is shown in the same position of the observation panel 52 in opposite screenshotss 50, to provide to operator in the mistake Predictable and efficient navigation in the diagram of journey factory.
In Fig. 2, navigation pane 54 can indicate process plant 61 and in the hierarchical structure structure of process plant 61 with The relevant unit of process plant 61 and device.Particularly, navigation pane 54 includes Unit selection region 62, Unit selection region 62 Including one or more Unit selection device icons 66,68,70, in this illustration, they be encoded with respectively " crude oil unit 1 ", " crude oil unit 2 " and " crude oil unit 3 ".Navigation pane 54 may also include device selection region 64, and device selection region 64 can be with Including one or more device selector icon 72-82s corresponding with the specific device in practical factory.In response to receiving A Unit selection device icon (such as " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device icon 66) is selected, graphical display application program 30 can Filling corresponds to one or more devices that are relevant to selected unit or being included in device selection region 64 One or more device selector icon 72-82.For example, as shown in Fig. 2, graphical display application program 30 display with it is selected The relevant all devices of " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device icon 66, this include " desalter " device selector icon 72, " storage tank " device selector icon 74, " tower " device selector icon 76,80 and of " overhead receiver " device selector icon " heater " device selector icon 82.Certainly, the navigation pane 54 of process control monitoring system 10 may include any amount of Hierarchical structure grade and selection region, and be not limited to include unit and device two hierarchical structure grades.Equally, in response to Receive selection " crude oil unit 2 " Unit selection device icon 68, for example, graphical display application program 30 it is available with newly select Unit is relevant or the device selector icon (not shown) that is included in carrys out filling device selection region 64.
For example, Fig. 2A is shown with Process Control System (for example, example process control system 10 in Fig. 1) at least A part of relevant example navigation panes 2600.Example navigation panes 2600 include the column for being grouped or being arranged in separation 2620, multiple navigation keys 2602,2604,2606,2608,2610,2612,2614,2616,2618 in 2622,2624.Each Navigation key 2602,2604,2606,2608,2610,2612,2614,2616,2618 corresponds to one in Process Control System Specific component (for example, factory, region, unit, apparatus module, control module etc.).Each column 2620,2622,2624 are corresponding Different brackets in the hierarchical structure of the component of Process Control System, and therefore, each column 2620,2622,2624 include To correspond to the relevant navigation key of the component of hierarchical structure grade of each column 2620,2622,2,624 2602,2604,2606, 2608,2610,2612,2614,2616,2618.In the example shown in the series of figures, higher or top the grade of component is (for example, father's group Part) towards the left side, lower grade (for example, sub-component) is towards the right.For example, in the example shown in Fig. 2A, the column in left side 2620 correspond to the factory level in the hierarchical structure of the Process Control System, and including being noted as " Texas factory " Single navigation key 2602, correspond to the Process Control System in single factory.It illustrates in exemplary level result Lower level (correspond to middle column 2622) is cell level, comprising be respectively denoted as " crude oil unit 1 ", " crude oil unit 2 " and The navigation key 2604,2606,2608 of " crude oil unit 3 ", these navigation keys correspond to three mistakes in the Process Control System Cheng Danyuan.The lower level (in 2624 example navigation panes 2600 of He Lie represented bottom) of illustrative layers level structure is Apparatus module grade, including being respectively denoted as " storage tank ", " desalter ", " heater ", " tower " and " overhead receiver " Navigation key 2610,2612,2614,2616,2618, these navigation keys correspond to five process moulds in the Process Control System Block.In some instances, navigation pane 2600 may include more column to indicate other in Process Control System hierarchical structure Grade (for example, device block grade and/or control module grade).
In the example shown in the series of figures, each column 2620,2622,2624 in example correspond to and the common parent in hierarchical structure The single branch of the relevant sub-component of component.That is, shown in example navigation panes 2600 and in the hierarchical structure The relevant navigation key of lower grade corresponds to some components, these components are by corresponding lower grade The subset for the component for including in one in component represented by one in navigation key in one grade.For example, being located at right side The navigation key 2610,2612,2614,2616,2618 of column 2624 can correspond to the same process list in Process Control System The relevant procedure module (first crude oil process unit relevant to the navigation key 2604 in middle column 2622) of member.Similarly, in Between each of three navigation keys 2604,2606,2608 in column 2622 can correspond to same factory (for example, with position In the relevant factory of navigation key 2602 of left-hand line 2620) relevant process unit.Therefore, although with navigation key 2606,2608 Relevant crude oil process unit can have multiple sub-components (for example, multiple equipment and/or control module), but these units are not It is the navigation key in the navigation pane 2600 shown in Fig. 2A to indicate, this is because these sub-components are in hierarchical structure In non-shown branch.In the example shown in the series of figures, level knot shown in navigation pane 2600 at any given time The specific branch of every level-one of structure can Kernel-based methods control system active view (for example, working as in the display area P&ID 302 Preceding procedure chart 304).
For example, if being currently viewing (first crude oil process unit relevant to navigation key 2604) and navigation key 2614 associated heater modules, then by branch from top level (for example, factory relevant to navigation key 2602) down to All navigation keys of grade relevant to heater module are all shown.As shown in the example in figure, also display is located at level knot The fraternal component (for example, directly from the component of the same parent component branch of hierarchical structure upper level) of every level-one of structure.Some In embodiment, navigation key corresponding with the specific components of (for example, pass through the display area P&ID 302) currently being viewed can be with Other navigation keys are distinguished from figure.For example, as shown in Figure 2 A, when operator is being directed to the first unit of factory Heater module and when checking P&ID, the navigation key 2614 corresponding to heater module has unique visual characteristic (for example, not Same pattern), to be distinguished with remaining navigation key.Although implementation shown in is illustrated the navigation key with unique patterns 2614, but also can be used any other visually different characteristic (for example, shade, color, shape, size, sketch the contours, direction, Symbol, frame, is flashed, is highlighted label).Additionally or alternatively, in top (for example, factory) from hierarchical structure To each navigation key in the directapath for the specific components (for example, region, unit, module etc.) checked or route into Change on row figure is to be different from other navigation keys.For example, navigation key 2602,2604,2614 includes a thick frame； Alternatively, however use any other visual identity.In this way, operator can promptly determine that they are looked into The component and the component seen how with other navigation in the other components and navigation pane 2600 in Process Control System Key is associated.
Preferably, for example, by giving selected Unit selection device icon (for example, " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device figure 66) mark increases shade, graphical display application program 30 can indicate the selection to Unit selection device icon 66-70 in Fig. 2, Yi Jitong It crosses related come the Unit selection device icon 66 for indicating to selecting to the background increase shade of device selection region 64 as shown in Figure 2 Device selector icon 72-82.Similarly, Fig. 2 B is shown shows with represented by the example navigation panes 2600 in Fig. 2A The relevant another exemplary navigation pane 2700 of same section of example property Process Control System.Example navigation panes 2700 with show Example property navigation pane 2600 is similar, the difference is that each branch in hierarchical structure is (including related to navigation key 2602 Factory) be placed in the option column 2702,2704,2706,2708 of separation.As a result, in the example shown, and in level knot The relevant column 2702,2704,2706,2708 of each of the direct route of structure part is rendered as front view and uses bold outline It highlights and/or is identified with other figures.It is relevant to the active view of observation panel 52 (such as graphical representation 53) in Fig. 2 B Navigation key (for example, navigation key 2614 relevant to heater module) intuitively distinguishes (e.g., by shade, color, figure Case is highlighted, is sketched the contours, flashing).In this way, operator can relative to Process Control System other parts it is straight See the context of ground identification active view shown in observation panel 52.In addition, the profile on column 2702,2708 is used for figure Indicate that each of three crude oil process units (being indicated by navigation key 2604,2606,2608) are factories (by navigation key 2602 Indicate) in sub-component and five processing modules (being indicated by navigation key 2610,2612,2614,2616,2618) in it is every One is the sub-component in the first crude oil process unit (being indicated by navigation key 2604).
Fig. 2 C shows another show relevant to the same section of the example process control system in Fig. 2,2A and/or 2B Example property navigation pane 2800.However, different from other examples navigation pane, navigation pane 2800 includes top banner 2802, Top banner 2802 have the top layer of Process Control System indicated in navigation pane for identification title 2804 (for example, Texas factory).Therefore, in example shown in fig. 2 C, left-hand line 2806 corresponds to the cell level of hierarchical structure and includes Navigation key 2604,2606,2608, middle column 2808 correspond to hierarchical structure region class and include navigation key 2610,2612, 2614,2616,2618.The right-hand column 2810 of example navigation panes 2800 includes with the lower level of hierarchical structure (for example, dress Set and/or control module) in the corresponding navigation key 2812,2814,2816 of component.In some instances, it is contemplated that with layer The relevant more or fewer components of corresponding grade in secondary structure, each column 2806,2808,2810 can have adjustable Width.Additionally or alternatively, column 2806,2808,2810 may include more more than shown in any moment but can be by using Corresponding scroll bar 2818 is come the navigation key checked.Example navigation panes 54 in example navigation panes 2800 and Fig. 2 Similar or identical, difference is that navigation pane 2800 shows additional details and corresponds to the heat shown via observation panel 52 Device module, rather than correspond to the graphical representation of the crude oil process unit 53 shown via observation panel 52 as shown in Figure 2.
It in the example shown in the series of figures, include in specific higher level component represented in example navigation panes 2800 Lower level component can lead to by label 2820 (for example, triangle or arrow) and identify, label 2820 with it is downwardly directed and The corresponding each higher level of the direct route of component in the hierarchical structure of the relevant navigation key of the component currently checked Navigation key beside.For example, the label 2820 on 2604 side of navigation key indicates shown all navigation in lower grade Key (for example, the navigation key 2610,2612,2614,2616,2618 in column 2808 and the navigation key in column 2,810 2812,2814, 2816) corresponding to the sub-component in the first crude oil process unit of Process Control System (that is, higher level relevant to navigation key 2604 Component).Similarly, the label 2820 on 2614 side of navigation key indicates that navigation key 2812,2814,2816 corresponds to heater mould Component (that is, upper level assembly relevant to navigation key 2614) in block.Additionally or alternatively, from the top downward of hierarchical structure Component directapath to the component currently checked can also be by changing the corresponding navigation key along the directapath Appearance (for example, similar described in Fig. 2A above in conjunction, by change the shade of corresponding navigation key, color, pattern, Brightness, profile etc.) it indicates.In addition, as Fig. 2A and 2B, with the active view of observation panel 52 (for example, figure in Fig. 2 C Indicate 53) relevant navigation key (for example, navigation key 2614 relevant to heater module) visually distinguish (for example, Via unique shade, pattern, color, shape, size, profile, direction, symbol, label, flashing, protrusion etc.).Certainly, may be used To be used to indicate device selector icon 72-82 and device selection region 54 and selected 66 phase of Unit selection device icon Any suitable way of pass, such as shown each device selection in selected Unit selection device icon (not shown) Identical symbol indicator (for example, asterisk etc. at the upper angle of selector icon) etc. is shown in device icon.
As will be described in greater detail below, select any one of (for example, clicking via mouse) navigation key that can incite somebody to action The active view (for example, graphical representation 53 in observation panel 52) of Process Control System is changed to correspond to selected component. In this way, in addition to providing the situation awareness in active view closed relative to other components, also offer group for operator The alarm state of part, example navigation panes 2800 enable an operator to be quickly navigate to any component in Process Control System And propose corresponding P&ID and/or other information for further analysis.In other embodiments, selection is (for example, via mouse Punctuate is hit) one in navigation key procedure chart 304 may not be changed into selected component immediately, but only in navigation window The preview of selected component is provided in lattice.For example, operator is likely to be looking at exemplary navigation window as shown in fig. 2 c Lattice 2800, and wonder the Alert Summary in navigation key 2608 corresponding with the third crude oil process unit of Process Control System The source of the single alarm indicated in icon 2626.For this purpose, the navigation key 2608 in left-hand line 2806 may be selected in operator, then Remaining column 2808,2810 are updated to show navigation relevant to the sub-component of third crude oil process unit as illustrated in fig. 2d Key.That is, when the navigation key 2608 in the example navigation panes 2800 for having selected Fig. 2 C, on the side of navigation key 2608 Side shows label 2820 to indicate that middle column 2808 refills in the third crude oil process unit with Process Control System The corresponding new navigation key 2902,2904,2906,2908,2910 of component.Then, when selection navigation key 2904 (is based on alarm Navigation key 2904 is designated as the source or position of alarm by abstract icon 2626) when, right-hand column will be filled with navigation key 2912, 2914,2916, and another label 2820 will be displayed next in navigation key 2904 to indicate the navigation in third column 2810 Key 2912,2914,2916 is corresponding with by the sub-component in the desalter module represented by navigation key 2904.
Although the content of the column 2806,2808,2810 between example navigation panes 2800 shown in Fig. 2 C and 2D is not Together, but in some embodiments, the navigation pane 2800 in Fig. 2 D is the pre- of the desalter module of third crude oil process unit It lookes at, so that the P&ID of the heater module of the first crude oil process unit will remain in graphical representation 53 and show.In some implementations In example, corresponding navigation key can be selected to navigate to realize in navigation pane by (for example, mouse-click) in the first way Display preview in 2800, and can by with different second method (for example, double click) select corresponding navigation key come Realize the new part (for example, there is different graphical representations 53) for actually navigating to the process plant.
As described above, the navigation key in the label 2820 and/or Fig. 2 D on 2608,2904 side of navigation key of Fig. 2 D 2608,2904 unique look (for example, based on shade, color, pattern, frame, label etc.) instruction is currently displaying every Relationship (for example, the branch of hierarchical structure and/or path) between navigation key in one column 2806,2808,2810.However, working as When showing preview navigation pane (for example, navigation pane 2800 in Fig. 2 D), with spy actually shown in graphical representation 53 (for example, navigation key 2614 in Fig. 2 C) can be hidden by determining the corresponding navigation key of component.As a result, as exemplary in Fig. 2 D is led It navigates shown in pane 2800, it is current in and the graphical representation 53 corresponding with the branch of Process Control System hierarchical structure Individual label 2918 is shown beside the relevant navigation key of the component checked.In addition, label 2918 in appearance can with it is upper It is different (such as based on color, pattern, profile, shape, label) to state label 2820, to carry out the mesh of separator 2820,2918 's.In some instances, the unique visual characteristic of label 2918 can to correspond to that the component of graphical representation 53 is relevant leads Navigate key (for example, navigation key 2614 in Fig. 2 C) visual differentiating feature (for example, color, pattern, shade, highlighting, frame Deng) corresponding.
As illustrated in figs. 2 c and 2d, top banner 2802 includes that P&ID shows that key 2826, P&ID show that key 2826 can return to Example navigation panes 2800, with display in Process Control System via current Graphics indicate 53 shown by component it is relevant Navigation key.For example, if operator will select P&ID to show after navigating to preview navigation pane 2800 shown in Fig. 2 D Key 2826 (for example, mouse click), navigation pane 2800 will shown in the navigation pane 2800 back to Fig. 2 C, with it is current just The shown corresponding view of heater module in the display area P&ID 302.In some instances, top banner 2802 may be used also Including back spacer 2828 and advance key 2830, so as to process of having navigated in the operator navigate to using navigation pane 2800 Carry out regurgitant volume between different views.Additionally or alternatively, top banner 2802 further includes for currently locating at least one Between the associated page of process variable (for example, graphical representation 53 of 52 internal procedure factory of observation panel) of alarm state back and forth The previous alarm key 2832 of bounce and next alarm key 2834.In addition, top banner 2802 may include alarm filters key 2836, Alarm filters key 2836 is only shown for reconfiguring navigation pane 2800 to be under alarm state with including at least one Process variable the relevant navigation key of component, and/or filtering navigation pane 2800 it is relevant to high-risk alarm only to show Navigation key.Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to provide individual sequencing key sort and/or filter in other ways navigation key (for example, The sequences such as alphabet sequence, the sequence of engineering, severity sequence).
Referring now to Fig. 3, showing in screenshotss 55 can further comprise leading for process variable alarm indicators 84-98 or mark Navigate pane 54 detailed view, the alarm indicators 84-98 or mark instruction be directed to and shown device selector icon 72-82, Unit selection device icon 66-70 and the relevant process variable of factory 61 and the different types of alarm occurred.Example Such as, alarm indicators 84 relevant to " holding vessel " device selector icon 74 are low priority alarm, and instruction is directed to and mistake The less urgent state status of the relevant particular procedure variable of holding vessel in journey factory.Due to being selected with " holding vessel " device The relevant alarm indicators 84 of device icon 74 have lower priority alarm, therefore graphical display application program 30 can utilize spy Fixed color, shade, symbol indicator or any other suitable mode indicates alarm indicators 84 to show, lower to indicate The alarm of priority.However, if the Event correlation of alarm indicators and higher priority, such as select with " heater " device The relevant alarm indicators 90 of device icon 82, the then available face different from lower priority alarm of graphical display application program 30 Color, shade, symbol indicator etc. show alarm indicators 90.In addition, one in selector icon 66-82 can indicate to be directed to Both lower priority and higher priority of two or more process variables relevant to specific selector icon.For example, As shown in figure 3, graphical display application program 30 show one relevant to " heater " device selector icon 82 it is lower excellent First grade alarm 88 and a higher priority alarm 90.It is of course also possible to be used in conjunction with alarm indicators 84-98 any amount of Priority alarm grade.
Advantageously, graphical display application program 30 is by each process variable alarm and positioned at the graphical representation of process plant Interior corresponding graphical trend symbol is associated, and can be preferential by the ranks such as alert and by process plant and graphical trend Each process variable alarm is summarized in the position of symbol corresponding hierarchical structure grade or part.For example, as shown in figure 3, figure Shape shows that application program 30 summarizes three lower priority alarm 84-88 (for example, with 74 phase of " holding vessel " device selector icon The lower priority alarm 84 of pass, lower priority alarm 86 relevant to " desalter " device selector icon 72 and with The relevant lower priority alarm 88 of " heater " device selector icon 82), and will be with " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device figure 66 relevant lower priority alarm indicators 92 are marked labeled as " 3 ", to indicate in " crude oil unit 1 " unit to operator It is current that three lower priority alarms relevant to three process variables (and corresponding graphical trend symbol) occur.Equally Ground, for example, graphical display application program 30 can summarize higher priority alarm for each higher levels in process plant.Example Such as, to any one phase in device selector icon 72,74,82 relevant with " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device icon 66 The only one higher priority alarm of pass is higher priority alarm 90 relevant to " heater " device selector icon 82.Figure Shape display application program 30 passes through will higher priority alarm indicators relevant to " crude oil unit 1 " Unit selection device icon 66 94 are labeled as " 1 ", to show this higher priority alarm 90 relevant to " heater " device selector icon 82, thus to Only one higher priority relevant to a process variable currently occurs in " crude oil unit 1 " unit for operator's instruction It is alert.Therefore, via the alarm indicators for summarizing different levels structural solid represented in navigation pane 54, operator can be fast Quantity and priority of the speed identification for the process variable alarm of specific plant, unit, device etc..
Selector icon and the intuitively figured part or area of association process factory by using navigation pane Domain, graphical display application program 30 allow the operator to the spy being quickly navigate in the figured part or region Determine graphical trend symbol.Referring now to the screenshotss 100 of Fig. 4, for example, graphical display application program 30 additionally allows the operator to Discrete cell relevant to selector icon indicated in navigation pane 54, device etc. are intuitively identified in P&ID.For example, It is initiated in response to the operator near or above of " heater " device selector icon 82 for detecting in navigation pane 54 Hovering event (hover event) (for example, mouse, finger contact point, or selector figure is indicated in the case where not confirming selection Any other suitable mode of target), graphical display application program 30 only highlights crude oil unit figure table in observation panel 52 Show the corresponding figure description of heater 56 in 53.In addition graphical display application program 30 can highlight in navigation pane 54 " heater " device selector icon 82, and together with the figure description for highlighting heater 56, thus by via navigation window Lattice 54 intuitively convey the hierarchical position of the heater in the hierarchical structure of process plant, come further in operator's offer Hereafter.
As shown in figure 4, graphical display application program 30 can be highlighted for example using highlighted frame 104,102 The figure description of device selector icon 82 and heater 56, or alternatively, the figure table with crude oil unit 53 can be used Show the different color of other colors of middle appearance increase device selector icon 82 and figure description 56 by shade completely, or Any other suitable mode can be used to highlight the figure description 56 of device selector icon 82 and heater.Cause This, if operator device selection region 64 (that is, be comprised in or " crude oil unit 1 " positioned at process plant under Device in level) in another device selector icon carry out hovering event near or above, then graphical display application journey Sequence 30 highlights the corresponding figure description in the graphical representation of the crude oil unit 53 in observation panel 52.In this way, Via hovering on each selector icon on navigation pane, operator can promptly identification be specific in graphical representation The position of graphical trend symbol (or device including the specific graphical trend symbol), while managing relative to whole process The context of factory.
In addition, in response to the position of the specific graphical trend symbol of determination, operator can be wished in graphical representation The position of the interior specific graphical trend symbol or the more detailed view in region.It is advantageous that operator can confirm Process work shown in observation panel is relocated or changed to the selection of selector icon relevant to desired region The detail grade (for example, amplification, diminution etc.) of the figured part of factory.For example, via order or control input, point The one confirmation choosing received in Unit selection device icon 66-70 or device selector icon 72-82 such as hit, tap gesture When selecting, graphical display application program 30 can show the figured of process plant 61 relevant to selected selector icon Different piece.For example, graphical display is answered as shown in figure 5, selecting in response to the confirmation to " heater " device selector icon 82 The graphical representation of heater 112 relevant to selected " heater " device selector icon 82 can be shown with program 30.After Continuous reference Fig. 5, screenshotss 110 include " heater " device selector icon 82 phase selected with confirmation shown in observation panel 52 Graphical representation, navigation pane 54, process variable abstract pane 130 and the mistake with history Figure 150 of the heater 112 of pass Pane is unfolded in Cheng Bianliang.In this example, this graphical representation of the heater 112 of Fig. 5 is the graphical representation 53 of crude oil unit Subset, and be additionally provided the information than the more detailed heater provided in the graphical representation of crude oil unit.
Importantly, via shown figure corresponding each of in figured a part of process plant Trend symbol, each operator can efficiently monitor the current trend and value of process variable.In addition, graphical display application program Each graphical trend symbol is shown in the 30 spatially true position in the graphical representation of process plant, so that operator Member can quickly recognize the position relative to whole process factory of field device relevant to particular procedure variable.For example, The graphical representation of heater 112 may include into heater 56 entrance 57,59,63 and flow out heater 56 outlet 65, Device (for example, desalter 60), process variable data 116 and graphical trend symbol 118- near valve 114, heater 56 122 more detailed view.Each graphical trend symbol 118-122 can correspond to the process monitored in Process Control System change Amount, and intuitively indicate real time information relevant to process variable.In addition, in addition to being shown in the figure description of heater 112 Except the graphical trend symbol 118-122 shown, for example, graphical display application program 30 can also show phase in abstract pane 130 The abstract view of corresponding graphical trend symbol 128-132 shows the detailed of corresponding graphical trend symbol in detailed pane Thin view (as described below), and/or show that the expansion of corresponding graphical trend symbol 151-152 regards in expansion pane 150 Figure, for example including history chart.
Referring now to Fig. 6, exemplary patterns trend symbol 160 is believed with graphical overview process control relevant to process variable Breath, and intuitively operator will be communicated to the information of encoding of graphs.For example, graphical trend symbol 160 can indicate and scene Pressure, the temperature etc. of the relevant process variable of equipment, and may include multiple graphic element 162-170, described in each expression The different attribute of process variable and normal or desired value the desired value 172 of instruction process variable are (for example, set point, target point Deng).For example, graphic element 166-170 may include graphical trend the element 162-170, Yi Jibiao for indicating the trend of process variable Show the pattern values element 162,164 of the current value of process variable.These process variable attributes may include, for example, process variable phase For the amplitude of desired value (for example, set-point value), process variable relative to the position of desired value, the variation side of process variable To, variation expecting degree of the rate of change of process variable, process variable etc..
Graphical display application program 30 can fetch or receive current and history from database 12 for particular procedure variable Process variable value to realize these graphic element 162-170 relevant to the attribute of process variable, thus generating process variable Data and process variable trend data.30 generating process variable data of graphical display application program is to indicate the current of process variable Value or position, for example, amplitude, process variable position etc. relative to desired value of the process variable relative to desired value.Equally, scheme Shape shows 30 generating process variable trends data of application program to indicate the current trend of process variable, such as the change of process variable Change rate, the change direction of process variable, variation expecting degree of process variable etc..Graphical display application program 30 can utilize process Variable is current and/or to generate and show each graphic element of graphical trend symbol is collectively formed in the update of history.
For example, as shown in fig. 6, graphical trend symbol 160 includes relevant relative to the amplitude of desired value to process variable The relevant location graphic value element 164 in position and process of amplitude profile value element 162 and process variable relative to desired value The relevant change direction graphical trend element 166 of the change direction of variable, variation relevant to the rate of change of process variable speed Rate graphical trend element 168, and variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170 relevant to the variation expecting degree of process variable. Certainly, the process variable attribute of any quantity or type can be used in realizing graphical trend symbol 160.In addition, graphical display Application program 30 can be with the layout of any arrangement display graphic element 162-170 and desired value 172.Preferably, none Graphic element can shelter from any other graphic element, to can realize that possible group of merging of any number of graphic element is aobvious Show to operator.
As shown in fig. 6, amplitude profile value element 162 can be depicted as item, column, line etc., and figure is used in an opposing fashion Amplitude of the process variable relative to desired value 172 is indicated, so that the current value of the description instruction process variable of for example longer item By a relatively large margin.Become for example, graphical display application program 30 can fetch process relevant to graphical trend symbol from database 12 The current value of amount, and amplitude profile value element 162 is generated based on current original value.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can Determine or generate in any suitable manner amplitude profile value element 162.Normalization mark can be used in graphical display application program 30 Ruler (scale) generates normalized value, and the current original value and field device of the normalization scale reflection amplitude physically can The maximum value of the process variable of reading or ratio with the maximum value of limitation, the upper limit of the process variable that apply for operator etc. (for example, when current value is the maximum value of process variable, amplitude profile value element 162 can reflect 100% ratio water to example It is flat).In another example, desired value 172 (for example, set point) can be fixed on 50% ratio by graphical display application program 30 Level, and process variable is adjusted relative to this 50% desired value, 172 proportional level.As another example, if one The range value of amplitude profile value element 162 is twice of the range value of another amplitude profile value element 162, then graphical display is answered The item of first amplitude profile value element 162 can be depicted as to twice of the item of the second amplitude profile value element 162 with program 30.It can Alternatively, the item of the first amplitude profile value element 162 can be shown as than the second amplitude profile value by graphical display application program 30 The item of element 162 is relatively longer.
Referring now to Fig. 7, each illustrative of amplitude profile value element 162 is found in process variable attribute chart 200 The length of item, process variable attribute chart 200 include the example being arranged by capable process variable attribute.The first row includes being directed to Three different values of the graphical trend symbol 160 of the different range values of three kinds of Cheng Bianliang.As shown in fig. 7, for example, amplitude profile value The value of element 202 indicates range value more relatively small than the value of amplitude profile value element 204,206.Similar, amplitude profile value The value of element 204 indicates more relatively small than the value of amplitude profile value element 206 but bigger than the value of amplitude profile value element 202 Range value.The value expression of amplitude profile value element 206 is compared with the value of other two amplitude profile values elements 204,206, more Range value far from desired value 172.For example, graphical display application program 30 can if the range value is greater than a certain threshold value Process variable alarm in trigger process system, and determining the institute in process variable alarm indicators 84-98 as shown in Figure 3 Triggered process variable alarm is incorporated to when the counting of display.In addition, graphical display application program 30 can be by range value and two Different threshold values are compared, and to determine the alarm of lower priority and the alarm of higher priority, are such as become above by reference to process It measures described in alarm indicators 84-98.
Fig. 6 is returned to, location graphic value element 164 can be depicted as the position of amplitude item, that is, amplitude profile value element 164 Amplitude item be above, lower than being also equal to desired value 172.For example, graphical display application program 30 can be fetched from database 12 The current value and desired value 172 of process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol, and based on the current original relative to desired value 172 Initial value generates location graphic value element 162.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can be determined or be generated in any suitable manner Location graphic value element 164.In the graphical trend symbol 160 of Fig. 6, the value of location graphic value element 164 is shown as being higher than Desired value 172, this shows that the value of active procedure variable is higher than desired value 172.As shown in the second row of the chart 200 in Fig. 7 Example, graphical display application program 30 positions on desired value 172 and the value of display position pattern values element 208, with instruction When implementing graphical trend symbol 160, the value of active procedure variable is higher than desired value 172.Alternatively, graphical display application journey Sequence 30 can position under desired value 172 and the value of display position pattern values element 210, the value to indicate active procedure variable are low In desired value 172.In addition, being equal in active procedure variate-value or when approximately desired value 172, graphical display application program 30 It can only show desired value 172.
Fig. 6 is returned to, change direction graphical trend element 166 can be depicted as example, being directed toward the variation of the process variable Two flank triangles in direction.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can be used any other shape, arrow, repeat animation, Figure instruction, or indicate that any other suitable mode of the rate of change of process variable is first to create change direction graphical trend Element 166.For example, graphical display application program 30 can fetch working as process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol from database 12 Preceding and one or more history values, and variation is generated based on the difference between current original value and at least one history original value Direction graphical trend element 166.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can determine or generate in any suitable manner variation Direction graphical trend element 166.Change direction graphical trend element 166 can indicate one in multiple change direction classifications, In, each change direction classification is associated with change direction value, may include towards the direction of desired value 172, far from desired value It 172 direction or is not moved relative to desired value 172.For example, the change direction graphical trend element 166 in Fig. 6 indicates Process variable is in separate desired value 172, this is because the amplitude of process variable is high in the position of process variable simultaneously in increase In desired value 172.It include via different change direction graphical trend element 214- in the third line of chart 200 referring to Fig. 7 218 direction changes multiple examples of attribute.For example, due to process variable in the position of increase and process variable in desired value On 172, so the value of change direction graphical trend element 214 indicates the change direction of the process variable far from desired value 172 (thus variation).Alternatively, due to process variable in the position of reduction and process variable on desired value 172, institute Indicate that the change direction of the process variable (thus is becoming towards desired value 172 with the value of change direction graphical trend element 218 It is good).Additional example includes the value of change direction graphical trend element 216 indicates no matter the position of process variable is in desired value On or below 172, the change direction of process variable is static (therefore will not improve or be deteriorated).
Fig. 6 is returned to, rate of change figure trend element 168 can be for example depicted as from the protrusion of graphical trend symbol 160 Two labels.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can be used any other shape shape, arrow, repetition or flash animation, Figure instruction, or any other suitable mode of rate of change of instruction process variable value create rate of change figure trend Element 168.For example, graphical display application program 30 can fetch process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol from database 12 Current and one or more history values, and based on the difference between current original value and at least one history original value with timely Between passage to generate rate of change figure shape trend element 168.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can be in any suitable manner To determine or generate rate of change figure trend element 168.Rate of change figure trend element 168 can indicate multiple rate of changes One in classification, wherein each rate of change classification is related to specific rate of change value or the volume range of gaily decorated basket value.Example Such as, the label protruded due to two, the rate of change figure trend element 168 in Fig. 6 indicate that process variable is relatively rapid Ground changes.Referring now to Fig. 7, the fourth line of chart 200 indicates several examples of the value of this rate of change attribute, classification etc., such as Shown in different rate of change figure trend element 220-224.For example, the value of rate of change figure trend element 220 indicated The rate of change of Cheng Bianliang is absolute or expected relative value 172 is fixed.Alternatively, graphical display application program 30 produces The value of rate of change figure trend element 222 is absolute or expected relative value again come the rate of change for indicating process variable It is slow for 172 slow or relatively other rate of change values or the value of other rate of change figure trend elements 220,224 's.As another example, graphical display application program 30 can realize the value of rate of change figure trend element 224 to indicate the mistake It is quick for the value of the relatively other rate of change figure trend elements 220,222 of the rate of change of Cheng Bianliang.When variation speed When the value of rate is by absolute measurement, via the value of rate of change is associated with specific range or the multiple threshold values of use, variation are fast The value of rate can be associated with specific rate of change classification, so that it is determined that variation classification.
Fig. 6 is returned to, variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170 is for example depicted as the display unit of graphical trend symbol 160 Point, such as with the wheel of change direction the graphical trend element 166 and rate of change figure trend element 168 of thicker lines overstriking It is wide.Certainly, shape, arrow, repetition or the flash animation of any other shape, figure can be used to refer to for graphical display application program 30 Show or indicates that any other suitable mode of the variation expecting degree there are process variable value becomes to create variation expecting degree figure Gesture element 170.For example, graphical display application program 30 can fetch process variable relevant to graphical trend symbol from database 12 Current and one or more history value, and based on the difference next life between current original value and at least one history original value At variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170.Particularly, other graphic element 162- can be used in graphical display application program 30 168 change expecting degree graphical trend element 170 to determine.Certainly, graphical display application program 30 can be in any suitable manner To determine or generate variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170.Variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170 can indicate multiple variations One in expecting degree classification, wherein each variation expecting degree classification and improved process variable state status, the process of deterioration Variable states situation or the process variable state status kept are associated.For example, in increase and simultaneously due to process variable amplitude The position of process variable on desired value 172 (that is, the change direction of the process variable is far from described desired value), so The status condition of the instruction process variable of variation expecting degree graphical trend element 170 in Fig. 6 is in deterioration (for example, being shown in bold Graphical trend symbol 160 a part).
As shown in fig. 7, the fifth line of chart 200 includes several examples of value, classification of this variation expecting degree attribute etc., As shown in different variation expecting degree graphical trend element 226-230.Particularly, graphical display application program 30 can be schemed in display The particular value of variation expecting degree attribute is realized in shape trend symbol, the case where to indicate operator's process variable, state, trend Deng improving, deteriorating or keeping.For example, due to process variable in the position of reduction and process variable in desired value 172 On (that is, the change direction of the process variable towards desired value), therefore change the value of expecting degree graphical trend element 226 Indicate that the variation expecting degree of process variable is improving.Alternatively, since process variable is in increase and the position of process variable It sets on desired value 172, therefore the value for changing expecting degree graphical trend element 228 is indicating the variation expecting degree of process variable just Deteriorating.Additional example includes that no matter the position of process variable is above or below desired value 172, due to process variable Rate of change does not increase or reduce, thereby indicate that the variation expecting degree graphical trend element 230 of the variation expecting degree of process variable Value be kept.After generating graphical trend symbol 160, graphical display application program 30 is it may be preferred that as shown in figure 5, adding Graphical trend symbol 160 is shown in the figure description of hot device 112, and shows graphical trend in abstract pane 130 as described above Symbol 160.
As the substitute technology that the graphical trend symbol in Fig. 6 and 7 is realized, difference can be used to realize figure graphical trend Symbol, to indicate the different conditions of process variable, as described below.For example, Fig. 7 A shows instruction and Process Control System (example Such as, the example process control system 10 in Fig. 1) the situation of process variable correlation, characteristic, trend and/or other information Exemplary icons 402,404,406.Particularly, in the example shown in Fig. 7 A, the spy that is emphasized by icon 402,404,406 Property and/or situation include the corresponding trend of the current state of process variable, the predicted state of process variable and process variable (for example, direction) is indicated by shape, direction and the symbol on icon 402,404,406 in the example shown.For example, figure Mark 402 is triangle, has vertex (peak) 408 upward, to intuitively indicate the ascendant trend of process variable.Compared to it Under, icon 406 is also triangle, but has vertex 410 directed downwardly, intuitively to indicate the downward trend of process variable.Herein The characteristic of the shape of the icon of direction that is described, being used to indicate corresponding process variable or trend is referred to herein as schemed Target trend identifies shape.
In addition, icon 402,406 includes two parts: (1) current state part 412, with vertex 408,410 phases It is right, for intuitively indicating the current state of process variable, and (2) and the neighbouring predicted state part 414 in vertex 408,410, Intuitively to indicate the predicted state of process variable.Icon 404 in Fig. 7 A is usually (or any other conjunction of diamond or diamond shape Suitable shape), to distinguish with the triangular shaped of icon 402,406, its mesh is just being kept to intuitively indicate process variable Preceding state (for example, without trend upward or downward).The current state part 412 and predicted state part 414 of icon 402,404 It is placed with the corresponding stack manner in the direction (for example, vertex 408,410 be directed toward direction) tended to process variable.As herein Used, " state " of term process variable corresponds to the variable relative to its set point and/or any alarm limit Operating status.For example, " state " of the process variable will be normal if process variable is run in the limitation of permission Or it is desired or desired.However, the state of the process variable will if process variable has exceeded high alarm limit It is high alarm state.Similarly, if process variable drop to corresponding low alarm limit hereinafter, if the state of alarm can be low Alarm state.In some cases, process variable can with correspond to different grades of severity or criticality (for example, high Alarm limit and the high alarm limit of Gao -) different value and multiple alarm limits for being arranged are associated.
In the example shown in the series of figures, pass through the text label in corresponding current state and predicted state part 412,414 Or other visual indicias, the current and expected state of process variable is illustratively shown in icon 402,404,406.For example, such as Shown in Fig. 7 A, single exclamation mark instruction process variable is in operating status corresponding with the first alarm state (for example, icon 402 In current state part 412), first alarm state with except normal operation (for example, process variable drops to Lower than low alarm limit or rise to higher than high alarm limit) process variable value range it is associated.Double exclamation mark instructions Process variable is just gradually by second alarm limit (for example, process variable is decreased below low-low alarm limit or rises supreme In the high alarm limit of Gao -) corresponding low-low alarm state or the high alarm state of Gao-are entered (for example, estimated in icon 402 Status sections 414).Also additional exclamation mark and/or other labels be can provide to indicate other operations relevant to process variable State (for example, passing by third alarm limit).No exclamation mark shows that (for example, predicted state part 414 in icon 406) refers to Show that process variable is run in normal operating condition.
Icon 404 in shown example is not divided into several parts, this is because icon 404 indicates corresponding process Variable is just being maintained at specific state (for example, tending not to change state upward or downward).In other words, process variable is worked as Preceding state and predicted state are identical.Single marking (for example, one group of double exclamation mark) is only represented in icon 404 as a result, with Indicate the corresponding state (for example, being stably held in the high alarm state of Gao -) kept in wherein process variable.
Intuitively representing current state, predicted state and relevant trend as described above enables operator fast Speed simultaneously intuitively assesses the situation related to process variable, current state and predicted state including process variable.With this Mode, when process variable is close to alarm limit, operator is contemplated that, thus even before triggering alarm in advance actively It takes measures to solve the situation.In addition, even process variable is run in the alarm state except desired range of values, directly It sees ground and indicates that current and expected state characteristic relevant to process variable allows the operator to promptly identify determining for trend Character state (for example, the state of process variable is to improve (mobile to set point)) or deterioration (mobile far from set point)).With class As mode, when the side of process variable is alerted defined by limitation (for example, high limitation or lower limit), it is current and Predicted state can be used to identify direction or the trend of the value movement of process variable.However, being defined in the two sides of process variable In the case where (for example, both alarm limits with upper and lower part), it is based only upon current and expected state, it may not be immediately Show the trend of process variable.Therefore, the icon 402 in Fig. 7 A, 406 shapes are as triangle, to point out as shown in fig.7b simultaneously The trend for the process variable being more fully described.
Fig. 7 B-7D shows a case that instruction as combined, characteristic related to process variable, trend described in 7A above And/or other example icons 502,504,602,702 of information.Particularly, the exemplary icons in Fig. 7 B-7D highlighted The current and expected state of Cheng Bianliang and the direction of process variable.The icon in exemplary icons 502 and Fig. 7 A in Fig. 7 B 402 is similar, and similitude is that icon 502 is roughly triangular and points up the ascendant trend to indicate process variable.Fig. 7 B In exemplary icons 504 it is also similar with the icon 406 in Fig. 7 A, similitude icon 504 is roughly triangular and downwardly directed To indicate the downward trend of process variable.In addition, although the icon 402,406 in Fig. 7 A includes exclamation mark to indicate corresponding mistake The current and expected state of Cheng Bianliang, but the current and expected state in icon 502,504 is by corresponding current and expected shape Polymorphic segment adds shade (for example, the filling that floods) and indicates.Also the operating status of other instruction process variables is alternatively used Other methods including different patterns, color, shade, shape, size, profile, text or sign flag, are flashed, are highlighted Deng.For example, normal operating status can be indicated by grey, low or high alarm state (relatively low danger is indicated by yellow Anxious degree), and the high alarm state of low-low or Gao-(relatively high criticality) is indicated by red.In addition, at these In example, the color of background or surrounding can be indicated by bright grey (such as light slate gray).More generally, it realizes in some instances Color scheme be by industrial standard consciousness color discrimination space (for example, International Commission on Illumination (International Commission on Illumination, CIE) standard) it is specified.One advantage of this Color scheme is color identification The operator of abnormal (for example, colour blindness) and normal (for example, not color is abnormal) can distinguish these colors.Fig. 7 B and with In lower whole example shown in figure, high state of necessity (for example, the high alarm state of low-low or Gao -) is indicated using deep shade, Low state of necessity (for example, low or high alarm state) is indicated using shallow shade, is indicated just using shadow-free (for example, white) Normal operating status.
For illustrative purposes, icon 502 is shown on corresponding process variable chart 506,504, Figure 50 6 is indicated Process variable with the time example value.Each Figure 50 6 shows set point or target value (being indicated by middle line 508) and two High and low alarm state or range (the high alarm state 510 of referred to herein as Gao-, high alarm state 512, the low police of grade Report state 514 and low-low alarm state 516), process variable is run under normal circumstances at the set point or target value, Described two grades are drawn with dotted line corresponding with alarm limit, and available related to the corresponding severity of alarm state Different shades distinguish.The state of the process variable in region between high and low alarm state 512,514 is herein In be referred to as normal or target operation state.In addition, each figure includes along the setting of line 520, indicates process variable current value Point 518.The bold portion of line 520 indicates to rise to the value of the process variable of current value with the time.The dotted portion of line 520 is The supposition of the solid section of line 520, to indicate the estimated value forward in time of process variable.10008 additionally or alternatively, Can be used other icons (or modification of icon 502,504 as shown in Figure 7 B) with the unshowned other way of Figure 50 6 (for example, Across the steeper Trendline 520 of set point) indicate that corresponding process variable changes over time.
As shown in Figure 7 B, icon 502 is arranged in row 522 relevant to the process variable of increase (for example, tending to be upward)； Icon 504 is arranged in row 524 relevant to reduced process variable (for example, tending to be downward).Based on becoming for icon 502,504 Gesture identifies shape (for example, triangular shaped under being pointed generally in or being directed toward), and operator can be easily identified process The direction of variable or trend.In addition, in some such examples, the direction based on the trend and combine by it is current with it is expected that Sequence of states indicated by status sections, operator it can be inferred that process variable relative to desired value (for example, set point etc.) Relative position and indicated trend qualitative state (for example, deterioration or improvement).For example, if trend identification shape refers to Downward trend and predicted state part are shown and indicate alarm state more worse than current state part, then operator can be with The process variable is inferred lower than set point and is being declined (that is, worse and worse).On the contrary, if trend identifies shape with as above The identical current and expected state instruction ascendant trend in example is stated, then operator may infer that the process variable in mesh On scale value and rising, is making its deterioration again.In a similar way, if the current and expected status sections of icon It is in opposite severity and above-mentioned example on the contrary, then operator may infer that process variable above or below set point, And whether it is qualitatively to improve (that is, mobile towards set point).
In the example shown in Fig. 7 B, Kernel-based methods variable states are improved to desired value (for example, set point) movement (column 526) deteriorate (column 528) or keep (column 530) in substantially constant or stable state, scheme far from set point movement Mark 502,504 is grouped in the column 526,528,530 of separation.In the improved column 526 of the row 522 of increase and the column of deterioration In 528, it will be moved to low alarm region from low-low alarm region as the value of process variable is estimated, moved from low alarm region To normal operating condition, high alarm region is moved to from normal operating condition and is moved to the high alarm of Gao-from high alarm region Region, Fig. 7 B provide each possible icon 502 for conversion estimated each of between state.In reduced row 524 In column 526,528,7B is shown and to drop to the reverse conversion of low-low alert range from the high alert range of Gao-corresponding every A icon 504.As the icon 402,406 in Fig. 7 A, in Fig. 7 B icon 502,504 relevant process variables it is current It is the visually differentiable characteristic of the current and expected status sections based on icon 502,504 (for example, yin with predicted state Shadow or the filling that floods, pattern, color, shape, size, profile, text or sign flag frame, are flashed, are highlighted).
It is kept in column 530 in state, icon 502,504 has identical with the icon 502,504 of other column 526,528 big Triangular shaped (indicate the direction of trend relevant to process variable) caused.However, in column 526,528 icon 502, 504 on the contrary, using solid color occupied state corresponding with the single status of process variable keep column 530 icon 502, 504 or shade is added to it.In this way, although operator can be appreciated that process variable upwards (icon 502) or to Under (icon 504) it is mobile, but trend tends to be steady so that predicted state is identical as current state.In some cases, process becomes Amount can be substantially constant at any time so that not rising or falling trend.In this case, it can be represented as having appropriate label (example Such as, shade, pattern, color, profile, text or sign flag, frame, flash, highlight) different shapes, such as Substantially octagon shown in icon 602 in Fig. 7 C, to intuitively indicate the corresponding operating status of process variable.It provides substantially Octagonal shape is because its being associated with stopping mark, does not change to intuitively indicate process variable (that is, it is Stop).Additionally or alternately, trend oscillation trend without clearly upwards, move down or keep steady In the case where determining state, different shapes can be used to indicate that process becomes as shown in the shape of the icon 702 in Fig. 7 D This state of amount.Although describing specific shape in conjunction with Fig. 7 A-7D to indicate various characteristics (for example, current state, estimated shape State, trend) when, but other suitable shapes and their correspondence direction is alternatively used.For example, instruction direction can be used Arrow or other shapes replace the icon 502,504 in 402,406 and Fig. 7 of icon B in Fig. 7 A.
As other alternate embodiment, Fig. 8-10 shows the example process control system 10 in instruction and Fig. 1 The situation of process variable correlation, characteristic, trend and/or other information other examples icon.Particularly, shown in Fig. 8-10 Example show the current and expected state, process variable of emphasizing process variable direction and process variable and with the mistake The icon of the relationship of the relevant set point of Cheng Bianliang.For example, Fig. 8 is shown and the triangular graph in icon 802,804 and Fig. 7 A 402,406 similar exemplary triangles icons 802,804 are marked, difference is only that icon 802,804 is divided into current state portion Divide 806 and outside the predicted state part 808 that the edge adjacent with the vertex 810 of triangle icon 802,804 extends.With this The horizontal relationship (for example, observing from left to right) of mode, part 806,808 indicates that the state of process variable changes with time. That is, indicating current state in left side (by current state part 806), indicated in right side (by predicted state part 808) Predicted state (that is, in state of some future time point).In addition, the vertical relation of part 806,808 from vertex (for example, refer to Observed upward or downward to direction) indicate process variable direction.Fig. 8 also shows exemplary steady with rectangular shape Determine Status icons 812.Stable state icon 812 further includes two parts, to provide and increase and reduce trend icon 802 Unanimously, but each part 806,808 have operating status identical visable indicia (for example, shade, pattern, color, profile, Text or sign flag frame, are flashed, are highlighted), this is because stable state means the pre- of relevant process variable Meter state is identical as the current state of process variable.The exemplary icons 802,804,812 in Fig. 8 are provided about mistake as a result, The current and expected status information of Cheng Bianliang and identical information above in association with process variable trend described in Fig. 7 A-7D.
In addition, exemplary icons 802,804,812 include set point indicator 814 (for example, the line for indicating desired value), with Indicate relative position of the value of process variable relative to set point relevant to process variable.For example, in the left column of Fig. 8, phase The set point indicator 814 in each icon in corresponding icon 802,804,812 be located at corresponding icon 802,804, On remaining icon in 812 (for example, on part 806,808), to indicate process variable under set point.With this Mode, operator without it is mental integrate current state part 806 and shade in predicted state part 808 and part 806, The meaning of 808 lamination order, it will be able to which the process variable represented by recognizing by increase icon 802 is improving (that is, to setting Fixed point movement), and (that is, mobile far from set point) is being deteriorated by the process variable represented by reduction icon 804.Therefore, i.e., Make current state and it is expected that shape be it is identical, also can identification process variable be further from or closer to its set point.With Similar mode, as shown in figure 8, set point indicator 814 is located at the lower section of remaining icon 802,804,812, to indicate process The value of variable be higher than set point, and set point be located in the identical rank of remaining icon 802,804,812, to indicate process The value of variable is approximately located i the set point.Refer to although Fig. 8 shows the subsequent set point in remaining icon 802,804,810 Show symbol 814, but in some embodiments, set point indicator 814 can be placed in front of remaining icon 802,804,810.
As another example, Fig. 9 shows the figure operated in a manner of identical with the icon 802,804,810 in Fig. 8 Mark 902,904,906, difference are only that icon 902,904,906 has different shapes.Specifically, it is used to indicate process variable Trend or direction icon 902,904,906 trend identification shape (for example, triangle) only current shape with process variable State is related, and the predicted state of process variable is used to indicate along the isolated part that the side of triangle extends.
Figure 10 show as with those icon classes in conjunction with described in Fig. 8,9 another exemplary icons 1002,1004, 1006.In Figure 10, the current state of process variable is by having the rough rectangular shape of angled edge 1008 to indicate.Showing In example out, the slope (from left to right) at edge 1008 is used to indicate process variable with the direction of the trend of time.It is shown Icon 1004 in example out does not have angled edge 1008, therefore this indicates that the process variable keeps its current value. In some instances, inclined angle indicates the rate of change of the value of process variable.The use at edge 1008 provides one kind and replaces The trend in generation identifies shape, and the direction of trend is pointed out unlike triangle or arrow, but still be intuitively, this is because It indicates the figure drawn over time.
Although the exemplary icons 802,804,810,902,904,906,1002,1004,1006 in Fig. 8-10 provide Some fingers of the process variable relative to the relative position of set point (for example, passing through the set point indicator 814 in Fig. 8) Show, but in some embodiments, in addition to process variable relative position (on that is, under, or at set point) except, Preferably indicate the process variable relative to the entire scope of the potential value of the process variable and the deviation of the set point (for example, on or below set point how far).Exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 11-17 provides process variable and setting The instruction of this relative depature of point, together with the other of situation, characteristic, and/or other information relevant to the process variable Instruction will be described in a greater detail.
Particularly, Figure 11 show with exemplary icons similar with those described above shape 1102,1104, 1106,1108.For example, the triangle in icon 1102,1106 indicates respectively that the trend of process variable is to move up or down , the stable state of the rectangle instruction process variable in icon 1104, and the wave rectangle instruction process in icon 1108 becomes The oscillation of amount or uncertain mode.In addition, the shade of each shape indicates that the corresponding operation of process variable as described above is made State (for example, normal operating condition, high alarm state, low alarm state, the high alarm state of Gao-, low-low alarm state etc.).
As shown in figure 11, each shape is located at along the difference of range of operation indicator 1110 (for example, vertical solid line) Place.In the illustrated example, range indicator 1110 indicates that process variable can be in the range of the potential value of its operation, and process Variable indicator 1112 (for example, central point of each icon 1102,1104,1106,1108) corresponds to process variable by line Positioning or position in range represented by 1110.Therefore, as shown in icon 1104, the process variable is almost described At the upper limit of the range of potential value, therefore, it is shown to have the pattern corresponding to the high alarm state of Gao-.Icon 1102, 1104, the horizontal dotted line in each of 1106,1108 is set point indicator 1114 (for example, dotted line), indicate relative to The set point of the range of potential value represented by by range indicator 1110.Although the set point indicator 1114 in Figure 11 is shown Be out be located substantially at the centre of range indicator 1110, but according to the value of set point and with as defined in range indicator 1110 The relevant value of range, set point indicator 1114 can be located at along any position of range indicator 1110.In this way, it operates Personnel can immediately determine that relative position (for example, up/down) of the process variable relative to set point as in Fig. 8-9, and straight It sees ground and estimates that the process variable is relative to the process in the desired extent of the value of the process variable represented by by line 1110 The image of the case where relative depature of the extremum of variable and the set point, the process variable more accurate with acquisition.
Figure 12 shows identical shown by the exemplary icons 1102,1104,1106,1108 corresponded respectively in Figure 11 The exemplary icons 1202,1204,1206,1208 of state and corresponding trend.However, exemplary icons 1202,1204,1206, 1208 include (rather than point 1112 in Figure 11) process variable indicator 1210 for arrow or pointer, is become with being directed toward the process Measure the specific position relative to set point and the entire scope of the potential value of process variable.In addition, exemplary icons 1202,1206 are wrapped Predicted state part 1212 is included, if trend does not change and continues its expectation path, predicted state part 1212 is with can Depending on mode be explicitly indicated process variable trend direction and expecting state.
Figure 13 shows phase shown in the exemplary icons 1102,1104,1106,1108 corresponded respectively in Figure 11 With the other examples icon 1302,1304,1306,1308 of state and corresponding trend.In addition, such as institute in the illustrated example Show, the icon 1302,1304,1306,1308 of Figure 13 is based on identical with the exemplary icons 1102,1104,1106,1108 of Figure 11 Shape.However, showing set point in outer shape in the exemplary icons 1302,1304,1306,1308 of Figure 13 Indicator 1310 (for example, center line) and range of operation indicator 1312 (for example, rectangular strip).Process variable is relative to set point It is indicated with the relative position of the outer limit of the potential value of process variable and relative depature by black stripe, the black stripe conduct Process variable indicator 1314 in range item 1312.In this way, icon 1302,1304,1306,1308 is remain stationary simultaneously And can be bigger, and when for operating display, compared with the example in Figure 11 and 12, there can be consistent size.
In addition to instruction process variable is in the entire scope of potential value and other than relative to the arrangement of set point, herein It is disclosed in some embodiments, can also at least described process variable cloth of the value relative to one or more alarm limits It sets or relative distance (shown in the example shown in Figure 14-16 as described in more detail below).For example, Figure 14 show it is another Exemplary icons 1400, wherein set point indicator 1402 (for example, central bars or line) is located at range of operation indicator bar 1404 On.In shown example, every end of range indicator 1404 includes external (more crucial) alarm part 1406, described outer Portion alarm part 1406 corresponds to the subrange of value relevant to the high alarm state of Gao-or low-low alarm state.Close to exemplary In the external alarm message part 1406 of icon 1400 is internal alarm part 1408, and the internal alarm part 1408 corresponds to height Alarm state or low alarm state, and the rest part of range indicator item 1404 corresponds to normal operating condition.Exemplary In icon 1400, (and process variable is current relative to set point, alarm limit and whole service range for process variable State) relative position, deviation and distance be the process variable index line 1410 by that can be moved along range item 1404 to indicate. The trend of process variable or direction, and therefore the predicted state of process variable is signified along range 1406 by arrow mark 1412 To direction indicate.
Figure 15 shows other examples icon 1502,1504,1506,1508, these icons have and showing in Figure 13 The similar range of operation indicator bar 1510 of the range indicator item 1312 of example property icon 1302,1304,1306,1308, but scheme Range indicator item 1510 in 15 is substantially longer and extends beyond and each exemplary icons 1502,1504,1506,1508 Relevant trend identifies shape.Longer range indicator 1510 provides through it range for indicating latent process variate-value Bigger distance, thus intuitively indicating phase of the process variable relative to set point, range, and/or alarm limit To position, deviate and/or apart from when, higher precision or granularity are visually provided.In addition, as shown shown in example, model Alarm limit indicator 1512 (for example, line) additionally is enclosed in indicator 1510 included, to indicate the police with process variable Report limits the corresponding point (for example, similar with the alarm part 1406,1408 in Figure 14 as described above) in range.
Figure 16 shows the other examples icon similar with the exemplary icons 1502,1504,1506,1508 in Figure 15 1602,1604,1606,1608, the difference is that icon 1602,1604,1606,1608 includes the text of identification procedure variable actual value This label 1610.In other embodiments, the actual value of set point and/or alarm limit is further indicated.
Figure 17 shows with exemplary icons 1702,1704,1706 a series of as the icon class in Figure 15 and 16, this A little icons correspond to the process variable of the different location along the range defined by range indicator.For the sake of simplicity, it saves The different shades (for example, the filling that floods) in icon 1702,1704,1706 are omited, but in some instances, when in use, can Add shade (or the filling that floods) in a similar manner as described above.In leftmost four increases icon 1702, process Variable is illustrated on set point (position (for example, black stripe) of Kernel-based methods variable indicator), and icon 1702 Trend identification shape be the triangle referred to upwards.Therefore, in the illustrated example, 1702 table of leftmost four icons Show the state (for example, process variable tends to be mobile far from set point) of deterioration.Four reduction icons 1706 of rightmost with it is such Seemingly.Shown in example as shown, to icon 1702,1706 relevant trend identification shapes (for example, being pointed generally in up or down It is triangular shaped) it is in the degradation mode in quality, it is indicated using thick frame 1708, so as to cause the concern of operator And/or allow the operator to when quick identification process parameter deteriorates, and therefore can need corrective action.In other examples In, can by it is any other it is suitable (for example, flashing, color, size, density, pattern, towards upper variation etc.) in a manner of come area Divide icon 1702,1704 relevant to degradation mode.
Can another characteristic relevant to process variable beneficial to operator be process variable variations rate or speed. For example, it is necessary fast to know that operator can benefit from this knowledge if process variable is rapidly close to alarm limit Speed is taken action to avoid potential problem, and if process variable is being intended to alarm limit with moderate speed, it grasps Make personnel can monitor the process variable with determine before taking action it whether corrected.As a result, shown in Figure 17 In example, the rate of change of the value of process variable is indicated by rate indicator 1710 (for example, from trend identifies shape The line or buttock line (tail) in source).In some instances, greater number of rate indicator 1710 corresponds to bigger process variable Rate of change.As shown, rate indicator 1710 can also be shown as thick when corresponding process variable is in an aggravated form Line.
Although combining exemplary icons described in Fig. 6-17 to provide various visual indicias (for example, shade, figure above Case color, shape, size, line, pointer, profile, direction, symbol, label, frame, flashes, highlights) convey correspondence Process variable the characteristic identified, trend and/or situation, but can also additionally in or substitution those described above and make With other visual indicias and their direction appropriate and combination, to convey identical characteristic and/or situation.In addition, the above institute The visable indicia of the icon of description can be combined in different ways and/or can be given different according to description herein Meaning utilizes the relatively little of energy of operator and/or time will be outstanding to convey required information in a manner of intuitively Attribute is presented to operator.The visable indicia of examples described herein icon is intended to improve the efficiency of operator, together When reduce mistake possibility.In addition, in the side for emphasizing characteristic and/or corresponding tendency information to the process variable of operator Face, different icons and corresponding visual indicia described in above combination Fig. 6-17 are traded off.As a result, any specific Specific icon used in Process Control System setting can be based on the specific run situation for needing and/or being monitored and controlling And/or operator relevant to particular procedure control system preference and be varied.It in some instances, is further association Operator is helped quickly to identify the situation and/or procedure attribute of special interests and/or concern, presented with relatively sparse layout, And (for example, horizontal alignment, vertical alignment etc.) arranges the icon in a manner of attracting operator to pay attention to outstanding problem.Example Such as, the icon for the parameter that the instruction in a number of other icons that instruction parameter does not reduce individually reduces can pop up or attract operator The attention of member is to be easy to find.Some such exemplary arrangements of icon are described more particularly below.
Be incorporated in graphical representation and show graphical trend symbol, be based on various factors, for example, screen space, in crucial shape The process variable etc. of state, graphical display application program 30 can determine the one or more process variables for realizing the details of various grades Information pane.Graphical display application program realizes each pane, to be directed to and the institute in the figured view currently shown The corresponding one or more process variables of the graphical trend symbol of display and show different grades of details.Referring now to figure 18, graphical display application program 30 can show one or more in abstract pane 130, detailed pane 140 and expansion pane 150 It is a, as shown in the detailed view 300 of the screenshotss 110 in Fig. 5, retouched together with the figure of the heater 112 of Fig. 5 as discussed above It states.Advantageously, each pane 130 of the graphical display application program 30 on each pane 130,140,150 in, 140, 150 more and more details show identical process variable.For example, pane 140 includes and shows than pane 130 of making a summary in detail The more detailed procedural information for being directed to process variable.Equally, expansion pane 150 includes and shows than detailed pane 140 in more detail The procedural information for process variable.
With continued reference to Figure 18, pane 130 of making a summary may include one or more graphical trend symbol 130-134 and correspond to every The process variable title 136-138 of a graphical trend symbol 130-134.Detailed pane 140 include each process variable 141, 142,144 detailed view, wherein each detailed view of particular procedure variable include graphical trend symbol 143,145,146, Active procedure variable magnitude/positional value and desired value comparison chart 147-149 and real actuator or value position 153, 155 bigger, higher resolution version.The expansion view that pane 150 includes each process variable 151,152,154 is unfolded, In, each expansion view of particular procedure variable includes coming from detailed view 141,142,144 and historical trend figure 156-158 Information.For the sake of simplicity, to abstract pane 130, detailed pane 140 and the relevant process variable figure of expansion pane 150 and Corresponding process variable attribute is referred to alternatively as " fundamental figure ", " intermediate figure " and " detailed figure " herein.For example, due to mistake Cheng Bianliang 141 is appeared in detailed pane 140, thus graphical trend symbol 143 relevant to process variable 141 and for category Property (for example, chart 147, value position 153 etc.) is referred to alternatively as intermediate figure.
Since each pane 130,140,150 can be shown or be hidden, graphically illustrated application program 30 can be according to behaviour Make the use of personnel to determine the details for showing appropriate grade.For example, when necessary graphical display application program 30 can show it is all The full details of process variable.However, graphical display application program 30 can have to provide rolling due to the constraint of screen space Item, this makes operator that can not once see all possible information.In this case, graphical display application program 30 can be hidden Hiding abstract pane 130 and detailed pane 140, to create more screen spaces for expansion pane 150.Alternatively, figure is aobvious Show that application program 30 can determine that all process variables should be to be visible, and can reduce or hidden parts or all processes become Amount 151,152,154 or partly or entirely the expansion view of process variable 141,142,144.In a further implementation, for example, figure Shape shows that application program 30 can determine and show owning for critical process variables or Key detail in the graphical representation of heater 112 Information.In this case, graphical display application program 30 can hide significantly less critical process variable or significantly less critical information View.
In alternative solution, Figure 18 A-18D shows example process variable abstract pane 1800, and abstract pane 1800 includes It is related to three process variables of desalination module of Process Control System (for example, example process control system 10 in Fig. 1) Exemplary patterns.These figures can correspond to the above figure described in conjunction with Figure 18.Figure in each of Figure 18 A-18D Shape includes different grades of details, to the needs based on operator and/or be intended to provide different numbers about process variable The information of amount.More specifically, Figure 18 A shows the another exemplary comprising exemplary patterns trend symbol 1802,1804,1806 Process variable abstract pane 130.Figure 18 B shows the detailed pane 140 of example process variable, and detailed pane 140 includes to have The exemplary patterns trend symbol 1902,1904,1906 of additional process variable attribute information.Figure 18 C shows expansion pane 150, expansion pane 150 includes the category of exemplary patterns trend symbol 2002,2004,2006 and more detailed process variable Property.Figure 18 D shows the abstract pane 1800 of folded form, wherein have hide and check less than figure.
Shown in example as shown, fundamental figure 1802,1804,1806, intermediate figure 1902,1904,1906 and Each of detailed figure 2002,2004,2006 respectively includes identical with as the above icon class described in conjunction with Figure 18 Icon 1808,1810,1812.In addition, the fundamental figure 1802,1804,1806 in example shown in Figure 18 A includes summary info, Such as the correspondence unit 1816 of the title 1814 and measurement of process variable or the parameter measured.In some instances, substantially Figure 1802,1804,1806 can be limited to the icon of no any additional information.
As another alternative exemplary of Figure 18, the intermediate figure 1902,1904,1906 in Figure 18 B include in parent map Identical summary info provided in shape 1802,1804,1806, but also add additional details.For example, in shown example Intermediate figure 1902,1904,1906 include parameter codes relevant to process variable or label 1910, corresponding process variable The measured value indicator 1914, relevant to corresponding process variable of set point or target value indicator 1912, corresponding process variable Output indicator 1916 (for example, output of control valve) (if applicable) and to be used to indicate the process be by automatic Still the mode indicators 1918 manually controlled.As shown in illustrating, measured value indicator 1914 is located at and corresponding diagram Mark 1808,1810,1812 the identical grade of trend indicator, and set-point value indicator 1912 be located at refer to each set point Show the corresponding grade of symbol, be above with providing the value of the process variable, lower than or roughly the same with set point second It visually indicates.In addition, measured value indicator 1914 is filled with the current state part phase with corresponding icon 1808,1810,1812 Same shade, with the current state of process variable described in upper left.
As the substitution and similar example of Figure 18, the detailed figure 2002,2004,2006 of Figure 18 C includes and Figure 18 B Identical information provided in intermediate figure 1902,1904,1906, but also add additional details.For example, detailed figure 2002,2004,2006 may include the value of drawing process variable in special time period tendency chart 2008.In some instances, Tendency chart 2008 includes estimated trend region 2010, should intuitively to indicate if process variable continues its current trend The expectation path of process variable.As shown in the exemplary tendency chart 2008 in Figure 18 C comprising setting dotted line 2012 and one or Multiple alarm lines 2014, thus intuitively indicate process variable relative in the period shown in Figure 200 8 set point and The relative position of alarm limit.In addition, in some instances, tendency chart 2008 can identify alarm state part 2016 (for example, through By different shades, pattern, color or other visually differentiable labels), it is enable to track or mark at any time Time relevant to process variable, duration and alarm state.
The top banner 1818 of example process variable pane 130,140,150 and 1800 in Figure 18 A-18D provides Title relevant to the abstract factory of pane 1800, region, unit, other components of module or Process Control System are corresponded to And/or code.Top banner 1818 can also include abstract icon 1822, and abstract icon 1822 provides relevant to process variable Summary data, the process variable are related with the process variable abstract component of Process Control System of pane 1800 is corresponded to.Example Such as, in the illustrated example, the instruction of abstract icon 1822 becomes in all processes relevant to the correspondence component of Process Control System Worst current state (for example, passing through shade or other big circular pattern labels) and/or worst estimated shape among amount State (for example, passing through shade or other small circular pattern labels).In some instances, top banner 1818 includes navigation key 1824, allow the operator to navigate to specific screen relevant to the specific components of Process Control System (for example, via observation The graphical representations 53 of 52 display of mouth).In the illustrated example, the top banner 1818 of abstract pane 1800 further includes folding/exhibition Key point 1826, to pack up process variable abstract pane 1800 as shown in Figure 18 D and only show top caption 1818, or will figure Process variable abstract pane 1800 in 18D is launched into any one of expansion window shown in Figure 18 A-18B.
In addition, the detailed view 300 in Figure 18 may include event history key (not shown), to provide institute for operator The case where stating the context (for example, alarm) on the more time of event, and further increasing to the Process Control System Monitoring and analysis based on trend.In some implementations, operator can choose the event history key and be plucked with opening event Table 3300 is wanted, Figure 18 E shows such example, which provides about alarm and/or supervised in Process Control System The additional information of other events of control.In some instances, event history table 3300 can be shown in the detailed view 300 of Figure 18 Show.In other embodiments, event history table 3300 can generate in pop-up window and/or other display areas.
As shown in fig. 18e, information provided by event history table 3300 is in Kernel-based methods control system with the time Crucial variation, alarm, and/or the event for elapsing and marking, so that context aware and recovery are provided for operator, with preferably It diagnoses potential problem and how related with the other aspects of Process Control System understand them.For example, event history table 3300 Description, unit relevant to event and/or the ginseng of date and time (for example, hour and minute), event including each event The action-item that execute and/or complete several and relevant to event.In addition to above- mentioned information, event history table 3300 is also Including column corresponding with the state of event and/or influence.Shown in example as shown, the state of event history table 3300 And/or it influences column and is incorporated with the figure based on trend corresponding with the figure of whole operation human interface is used for as described above 3302.In this way, operator can quickly identify related to figure 3302 shown on whole operation human interface Process variable timing and relationship.
Referring now to Figure 19, exemplary screen shot 400 include shown heater 112 in observation panel 52 graphical representation, Navigation pane 54, abstract pane 130 and expansion pane 150.Graphical display application program 30 allow operator in P&ID and Process variable relevant to the hovering event of operator or confirmation selection is intuitively identified in other panes.For example, in response to Detect for abstract pane 130 in indicate " flue-gas temperature " process variable graphical trend symbol 138 near or above Operator initiate hovering event, graphical display application program 30 can be in the figure table of the heater 112 in observation panel 52 Corresponding graphical trend symbol 120 is highlighted in showing, and highlights the correspondence graphical trend symbol for identical process variable Numbers 151 expansion view.
Figure 20 A-20B shows the flow table of the illustrative methods for realizing the Exemplary Operator station 104 in Fig. 2 Show.In this example, the machine readable instructions including the program for being executed by processor can be used to implement the method.Institute Stating program can store the software in tangible computer readable storage medium to implement, the tangible computer readable storage medium Can be in matter such as CD-ROM, floppy disk, hard disk drive, digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-ray Disc or with processor phase The memory of pass, but entire program and/or its part are alternatively executed by device in addition to processors and/or with firmware Or specialized hardware is implemented.In addition, can also be replaced although the flow chart referring to shown in Figure 20 A-20B describes exemplary process Generation ground uses many other methods for showing application program 30 for implementing exemplary patterns.For example, the execution of changeable block is suitable It is some in sequence, and/or block described in changeable, deletion or combination.
Method shown in Figure 20 A-20B passes through the monitoring of graphical display application program 30 and Process Control System in block 3400 (for example, example process control system 10 in Fig. 1) relevant process variable and start.In block 3402, graphical display application Situation, characteristic and/or the other information that program 30 determines and/or storage is related to process variable.Situation, characteristic and/or other Information may include any one of following: the current state of process variable, the predicted state of process variable, process variable pair Answer the relative position of trend, the change direction of process variable, the rate of change of process variable, process variable relative to set point (on for example, under or be located substantially at set point), process variable relative to the value of the process variable range of operation with The relative depature of set point, process variable are relative to the relative distance of alarm limit, the actual value of process variable, and/or at any time Between the value of the history of process variable or filing that marks.
In block 3404, graphical display application program 30 generates the situation for indicating related to process variable, characteristic and/or other The icon of information.For example, icon generated can correspond to any icon in icon described in above combination Fig. 6-17.? Block 3406, graphical display application program 30 also calculate each component phase in the hierarchical structure with the component in Process Control System The Alert Summary data of pass.The Alert Summary data and one of the following are multiple corresponding: with correspond to each component The relevant Active Alerts of process variable presence, to each component relevant Active Alerts quantity, each corresponding process The predicted state of the current state of variable or each corresponding process variable.As described above, each component can correspond to factory, stand Any one in point, region, unit, module etc., and the component of higher level may include multiple more low in hierarchical structure The component of grade.Therefore, the Alert Summary data of the component of each higher level may include the component (example of corresponding lower grade Such as, sub-component) Alert Summary data.
In block 3408, graphical display application program 30 is presented via display in the component in representational level structure structure The figure of at least one.In some instances, (for example, input of operator) is inputted based on user to select the group for display Part.In some embodiments, the figure is by for indicating selected component various aspects and/or sub-component for display Multiple elements composition pipeline and meter diagram (P&ID).In addition, the figure can provide and and shown Process Control System The relevant critical indicator of the corresponding process variable of component and/or other relevant informations.In the exemplary side of Figure 20 A-20B In method, when scheming described in operator's interface display, operator interface includes that (block 3404) generated is neighbouring or replace The icon of key index and/or other relevant informations.For example, the icon is displayed in P&ID and corresponding process variable The corresponding element in source beside.In addition, icon relevant to the process variable of alarm state is in can also be present in alarm In banner.
In block 3410, navigation pane corresponding with the figure presented is presented via display in operator interface.It is described Navigation pane includes the navigation key of the component in representational level structure, and the navigation pane is similar to combines Fig. 2A -2D institute above Any navigation pane of description.In such examples, each navigation key can be with expression Alert Summary data (block calculated 3406) corresponding Alert Summary icon is associated.
In block 3414, graphical display application program 30 determines whether to have received asks to what is navigated in navigation pane It asks.To the request navigated in navigation pane can cause to select from operator (for example, by mouse click) not with There is the navigation key in the directapath of the current represented relevant hierarchical structure of component of shown figure (for example, preview is other The relationship of component).If the determination of graphical display application program 30 has received this request (block 3412), graphical display application Program 30 updates the navigation pane.Updated navigation pane may include new navigation key, and the new navigation key corresponds to The component (for example, sub-component) of lower grade in the hierarchical structure under component relevant to selected navigation key.This Outside, if new navigation key prevents that entire path is presented, also can provide in hierarchical structure to related to the figure currently shown Navigation key directapath instruction.Once having updated navigation pane (block 3414), control proceeds to block 3416.If figure Display application program 30 determines the request (block 3412) not received to navigating in navigation pane, then control is directly advanced To block 3416.
In block 3416, graphical display application program 30, which determines whether to have received, indicates Process Control System not to presentation With the different requests for indicating figure of component.The request that different figures is presented can be caused to select from operator (for example, passing through mouse Mark is double-clicked) correspond to it is current from the figure by being presented represented by the different component of component navigation key.In other examples, it grasps Making personnel may be selected (for example, passing through double click) Tu Nei element corresponding with the sub-component in the component currently shown.If The determination of graphical display application program 30 has received request (block 3412), then graphical display application program 30 is presented via display Different figures (block 3418).As described in the above combined block 3408, graphical display application program 30 can show correspond to by The different icons for the relevant process variable of component that new figure in figure indicates.In addition to new figure is presented (block 3418), operator Interface updates navigation pane also to reflect the different figures (block 3420) presented.For example, can by with by the group represented by newly scheming The associated navigation key of part, which is changed into, can intuitively be different from other navigation keys, as described above.(block after update navigation pane 3420), control proceeds to block 3422.Back to block 3416, it is not received by if graphical display application program 30 determines to being in The request (block 3412) of existing different figure, then control proceeds to directly to block 3422.
In block 3422, graphical display application program 30 determines whether to have received to be shown in process variable abstract pane The request of information.The process variable abstract pane can be with any process variable abstract window in conjunction with described in Figure 18-18E above Lattice are similar.To show that the request of information may include the new process variable of operator's request creation in process variable abstract pane Existing process variable abstract pane is unfolded to show more information in abstract pane or request.If it is determined that receiving this It requests (block 3422), then whether graphical display application program 30 determines in specified display area has enough spaces to show The information (block 3424) of request.Whether there are enough spaces to depend on the size of specified display area, request display The amount of information and the information having shown that.In some instances, specified display area, which corresponds to, has prescribed level Screen space on the output display unit of (for example, width and height of determined pixel), for example, detailed in the screenshotss 110 of Fig. 5 Thin view 300.In such an example, with more and more process variables wait summarizing and/or more and more information wait be in Existing (for example, via fundamental figure, intermediate figure or detailed figure), needs more screen spaces to show requested letter Breath.In such an example, the total amount of information to be shown is (based on the information and requested additional letter having shown that Breath) it may be more than Free Region defined by screen space, operator station will determine not enough in specified region Space shows requested information (block 3424).
In other examples, specified display area is not limited to specific size, but can be according to when any specific It carves the information request of operator and changes.As a result, in some instances, the size of specified display area can be greater than and pass through Its correspondence display screen specified display area is presented, so that only one of the display area specified by any given time Part is available (for example, by scrolling up).For example, in some instances, via screen size and/or resolution ratio by The requested information of interface display of the portable handheld device (for example, smart phone, tablet computer etc.) of limit, rather than aobvious The requested information is shown in the detailed view 300 of display screen.In some such examples, such as herein by icon and correlation Figure represented by, requested information is shown in separate interface, and the separate interface occupies the complete of corresponding display equipment Portion or substantially all of on-screen display (osd) area (for example, display icon is without showing corresponding P&ID), when in display device When can not be presented whole in single screen, there is the function of rolling between the various pieces of specified display area.? In such example, since specified display area is not limited to defined size, operation application program be can determine in institute There are enough spaces in specified display area to show requested information (block 3424).
Continue the example process, if graphical display application program 30 determines in specified display area without foot Enough spaces (block 3424), then graphical display application program 30 adjusts the scaling (block 3426) of existing process variable abstract pane. For example, graphical display application program 30 can make a summary existing process variable, pane is reduced to the details and/or folding of lower grade The abstract pane is only to show top banner.Once existing process variable abstract pane has been adjusted (block 3426), operator Operator interfaces are presented via display, and there is the process variable of institute's solicited message to make a summary pane (block 3428).If graphical display application Program 30, which determines in specified display area, has enough spaces (or the display area is dynamically varied size) to show Show requested information (block 3424), then corresponding process variable abstract pane (block 3428) is directly presented in operator interface. Once the process variable abstract pane has been presented, control proceeds to block 3430.Back to block 3422, if graphical display is answered The request being not received by information is shown in process variable abstract pane is determined with program 30, then showing in Figure 20 A-20B Example property method proceeds to block 3430.
In block 3430, graphical display application program 30 determines whether the element having received on recognition screen and specific member The request of the relationship of element.Element on screen can correspond to any in following: the component in Process Control System is indicated in figure Or it is provided in the graphic element of sub-component, figure and the text element corresponding to the relevant information of the process variable of shown component Shown icon corresponding with process variable, the information in alarm banner, and/or one or more processes become in element, figure Figure in amount abstract pane.The request of relationship between any of above element of identification can be caused to select (example from operator Such as, clicked via mouse, mouse-over etc.) shown by element one of those.If graphical display application program 30 determines Such request (block 3430) is had received, then operator interface identifies related to selected element-specific via display Screen on element (block 3432).That is, can recognize component represented in figure and more than navigation window described in conjunction with Figure 2 Correspondence navigation key in lattice.Additionally or alternatively, can recognize alarm banner entry, the icon in figure and/or text information, And/or one or more figures relevant to same process variable in one or more process variables abstract pane, such as with It is upper described in conjunction with Figure 3.
Once related element is identified (block 3432), control proceeds to block 3434.If graphical display application program 30 Determine the request being not received by the relationship of recognition element, then control proceeds to block 3434.In block 3434, graphical display application Program 30 determines whether to continue to monitor Process Control System.If the Process Control System is to be monitored, control is returned to The block 3400 of the example process.Do not continue to monitor Process Control System if graphical display application program 30 determines, scheme Example process in 20A-20B terminates.
Combination of the term as used herein " field device " broadly including multiple equipment or equipment is (that is, provide a variety of The equipment of function, such as the mixing of transmitter/actuator), and any other equipment of function is executed in the controls.? In any case, field device may include, for example, input equipment is (for example, for providing instruction temperature, pressure, flow velocity etc. State, the sensor of measured value or other signals and the equipment of instrument of process control parameters), and come in response to receiving The control operator or actuator of operation are executed from the order of controller and/or other field devices.
When implemented, any software described herein is storable in disk, CD or other storage mediums etc. In any computer-readable memory in the RAM or ROM of computer or processor.Similar, it can be used any of Or desired delivering method by the software delivery to user, process plant or operator's work station, the delivering method packet It includes for example, in computer readable disk or other portable computer memory mechanisms or by such as telephone wire, internet, ten thousand (delivering is counted as mentioning with via portable storage media the communication channel of dimension net, other any local area networks or wide area network etc. It is identical or interchangeable for this software).In addition, can not modulated or encryption the software is directly provided, or passing through communication It is modulated and/or encrypts using any suitable modulation carrier wave and/or encryption technology before transmission.
Although describing the present invention referring to specific example, these specific examples be meant to be illustrative only without limit The present invention, it is obvious that be, to those skilled in the art, disclosed example can be made a change, Increase or delete, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (21)

1. a kind of be used to provide navigation pane to navigate in the figure description of process control plant in calculating equipment Method, which comprises
Show that the navigation pane, the navigation pane include Unit selection region and device choosing in fixed and bounded region Region is selected, wherein (i) the Unit selection region includes one or more of with the figure description of the process control plant Unit is corresponding and corresponding with one or more units in the process control plant one or more Unit selection Device icon, (II) described device selection region include and one or more devices in the figure description of the process control plant One or more device selectors corresponding and corresponding with one or more device items in the process control plant Icon, each unit in (III) described process control plant include one or more devices in the process control plant, And (iv), each Unit selection device icon based in the process control plant it is included with correspond to the Unit selection device The relevant one or more devices of the unit of icon come associated with one or more device selector icons；
Based on corresponding one or more units in the process control plant, show described in the Unit selection region One or more Unit selection device icons；And
Wherein show that one or more of Unit selection device icons include display and corresponding one or more Unit selection devices The relevant one or more of icon summarizes alarm banner symbol, each summarizes the display of alarm banner symbol from from the process control work The warning information of the alarm of different device in the figure description of factory, relevant to the Unit selection device icon summarized, The alarm includes Alert Level priority；
In response to receiving the selection to first unit selector icon, display:
One or more devices relevant to the first unit in the factory of control in the process in described device region select Device icon, the first unit is corresponding with selected first unit selector icon, wherein (i) single with selected first The relevant one or more of device selector icons of first selector icon be shown in described device selection region, and And (II) one or more non-selected Unit selection device icons remain displayed in the Unit selection region, and
One or more dresses corresponding with the first unit selector icon in the figure description of the process control plant It sets.
2. method as described in claim 1, further comprises:
In response to receiving the selection to second unit selector icon, show in the figure description with the process control plant , to the process control plant correspond to the relevant device of the second unit of selected second unit selector icon Corresponding one or more device selector icon, wherein relevant to selected second unit selector icon described one A or multiple device selector icons are shown in described device selection region, and wherein one or more are unselected Unit selection device icon remain displayed in the Unit selection region.
3. method as described in claim 1, further comprises:
In response to receiving the selection to the first unit selector icon, the process control plant is highlighted The first unit in figure description, wherein receiving the selection to the first unit selector icon includes detection warp By the hovering event relevant to the first unit selector icon of user interface.
4. method as described in claim 1, wherein receive to the selection of the first unit selector icon include via Order to receive the selection from user interface.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, further comprises:
In response to receiving the selection to the first unit selector icon, the figure of the process control plant is shown The subdivision of description, the subdivision and in the process control plant and selected first unit selector icon phase The corresponding first unit is related.
6. method as described in claim 1, further comprises:
In response to receiving the selection to first device selector icon, the figure description of the process control plant is highlighted In first device, wherein receiving to the selection of the first device selector icon includes detecting via user interface Hovering event relevant to the first device selector icon.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein receive to the selection of the first device selector icon include via Order to receive the selection from user interface.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, further comprises:
In response to receiving the selection to the first device selector icon, the figure of the process control plant is shown The subdivision of description, the subdivision and the first unit in the process control plant and selected first dress It is related to set the corresponding first device of selector icon.
9. method as described in claim 1, wherein show one or more of device selector icons include display with it is described The corresponding one or more alarm banners symbols of one or more device selector icons, each alarm banner symbol display with it is described The relevant warning information of corresponding intrument in the figure description of process control plant.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein display warning information includes that display and the figure of the process control plant are retouched The relevant multiple alarms of corresponding intrument in drawing, and it is related to the corresponding intrument in the figure description of the process control plant One or more types alarm.
11. a kind of computer readable storage medium is stored thereon with the one group of instruction executed by processor, described instruction is for passing through Navigation pane is provided by the calculating equipment with user interface, to navigate in the figure description of process control plant, Described instruction includes:
For showing the instruction of the navigation pane in the region of fixed and bounded, the navigation pane includes Unit selection area Domain and device selection region, wherein (i) the Unit selection region include in the figure description of the process control plant One or more units are corresponding and one or more corresponding with one or more units in the process control plant A Unit selection device icon, (II) described device selection region include and one in the figure description of the process control plant Or multiple devices are corresponding and corresponding with one or more device items in process control plant one or more Device selector icon, each unit in (III) described process control plant include one in the process control plant or Multiple devices, and (iv) each Unit selection device icon based in the process control plant it is included with correspond to the list The relevant one or more devices of the unit of first selector icon come associated with one or more device selector icons；
For showing in the Unit selection region based on corresponding one or more units in the process control plant The instruction of one or more of Unit selection device icons, wherein showing that one or more of Unit selection device icons include aobvious Show that one or more relevant to corresponding one or more Unit selection device icon summarizes alarm banner symbol, each summarizes alarm Identifier shows difference from the figure description from the process control plant, relevant to the Unit selection device icon The warning information that the alarm of device is summarized, the alarm include Alert Level priority；
For showing the instruction of the following contents in response to receiving the selection to first unit selector icon:
One or more devices relevant to the first unit in the factory of control in the process in described device region select Device icon, the first unit is corresponding with selected first unit selector icon, wherein (i) single with selected first The relevant one or more of device selector icons of first selector icon be shown in described device selection region, and And (II) one or more non-selected Unit selection device icons remain displayed in the Unit selection region, and
One or more dresses corresponding with the first unit selector icon in the figure description of the process control plant It sets.
12. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11, further comprises:
For showing and being retouched with the figure of the process control plant in response to receiving the selection to second unit selector icon Dress drawing, relevant to the second unit of selected second unit selector icon is corresponded in the process control plant The instruction for setting corresponding one or more device selector icons, wherein related to selected second unit selector icon One or more of device selector icons be shown in described device selection region, and wherein one or more Non-selected Unit selection device icon remains displayed in the Unit selection region.
13. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11, wherein for receiving to the first unit selector The selected instruction of icon includes the hovering relevant to the first unit selector icon detected via user interface Event.
14. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11, wherein for receiving to the first unit selector The selected instruction of icon includes for coming to receive the selected instruction from user interface via order.
15. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 14, further comprises:
For showing the process control plant in response to receiving the selection to the first unit selector icon In the instruction of the subdivision of figure description, the subdivision and the process control plant and selected first unit is selected It is related to select the corresponding first unit of device icon.
16. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11, further comprises:
For highlighting the figure of the process control plant in response to receiving the selection to first device selector icon The instruction of first device in description, wherein receive the selection to the first device selector icon include detection via The hovering event relevant to the first device selector icon of user interface.
17. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 16, wherein for receiving to the first device selector The selected instruction of icon includes for coming to receive the selected instruction from user interface via order.
18. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 17, further comprises:
For showing the figure of the process control plant in response to receiving the selection to first device selector icon The instruction of the subdivision of description, the subdivision and the first unit in the process control plant, with it is selected The corresponding first device of first device selector icon is related.
19. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11, wherein showing one or more of device selectors The instruction of icon includes for showing one or more alarm marks corresponding with one or more of device selector icons Know the instruction of symbol, each alarm banner symbol shows police relevant to the corresponding intrument in the figure description of the process control plant It notifies breath.
20. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 19, wherein the instruction for showing warning information includes using In showing relevant to the corresponding intrument in the figure description of the process control plant multiple alarms, and with it is described excessively program-controlled The instruction of the alarm of the relevant one or more types of corresponding intrument in the figure description of factory processed.
21. computer readable storage medium as claimed in claim 11 further includes in response to receiving to described first The selection of Unit selection device icon highlights the first unit in the figure description of the process control plant Instruction.
CN201480014836.5A 2013-03-15 2014-03-13 Navigation in process control plant figure description Active CN105051635B (en)

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US61/793,282 2013-03-15
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US13/859,714 US9983575B2 (en) 2013-04-09 2013-04-09 Systems and methods to graphically display process control system information
US14/207,142 US10514668B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-03-12 Graphical process variable trend monitoring in a process control system using a navigation pane
US14/207,142 2014-03-12
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