CN105049449B - Wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method based on cipher key technique - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method based on cipher key technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105049449B CN105049449B CN201510522119.XA CN201510522119A CN105049449B CN 105049449 B CN105049449 B CN 105049449B CN 201510522119 A CN201510522119 A CN 201510522119A CN 105049449 B CN105049449 B CN 105049449B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/06—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network
- H04L63/062—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network for key distribution, e.g. centrally by trusted party
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
- H04W12/04—Key management, e.g. using generic bootstrapping architecture [GBA]
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Abstract
The present invention relates to cipher application technical field, more particularly, to a kind of wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method based on cipher key technique.The problem of present invention exists for prior art, a kind of method is provided, it is theoretical using permutation and combination, in network cluster substantial amounts of combination key is produced using a small amount of key seed, key distribution is provided, updates required pool of keys, the correlation rule of key resource between node is formulated according to syntagmatic, interim conversation key is generated using HMAC functions, reduce generation time and the memory space of key, the transmission quantity of wireless sensor network is reduced, meets communication encryption demand between wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes.Detailed process is：Cluster head Hd using SHA1 functions produce any two node and session key, the key resource then distributed respectively according to two nodes, construct the encryption key of corresponding protection session key so that in cluster arbitrary node and between can securely communicate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cipher application technical field, more particularly, to a kind of wireless sensor network based on cipher key technique
Cluster interior nodes safety communicating method.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network is widely used in the fields such as smart home, intelligence manufacture, turns into Internet of Things, industry internet
The study hotspot in field.Different from common cable network and wireless network, wireless sensor network has that computing resource is few, deposits
The features such as reserves are small, and communication is easily ravesdropping.Therefore, communication encryption be wireless sensor network security protection important means it
One, and key management is wireless sensor network realizes the key technology of communication encryption.
Existing key management in Wireless Sensor Network is broadly divided into two classes：First, shared master key scheme, i.e. institute
There is the same master key of nodes sharing, consult to produce session key using master key between node；Another is random key distribution
Scheme, sensor node randomly select the key subset of certain amount, node before deployment from the pool of keys being generated in advance
After affixing one's name to designated area, it is master key that communicating pair finds common key in respective key subset.Storage is empty needed for the former
Between less, but security is very low, and a node is captured, and whole network just loses safety guarantee；The latter's security is higher, but needs
Want larger key storage space.Therefore, theoretical circles and industrial circle are all being sought a kind of safe and can be adapted to wireless sensing
The key managing project for the features such as device network storage space is small, computing resource is few, arithmetic speed is fast.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：The problem of existing for prior art, there is provided one kind is based on key skill
The wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method of art, it is theoretical using permutation and combination, using a small amount of in network cluster
Key seed produce substantial amounts of combination key, there is provided the pool of keys needed for key distribution, renewal, formulated and saved according to syntagmatic
The correlation rule of key resource between point, cluster head is using group key to being issued to each node after key resource encryption；Cluster head uses
SHA1 functions produce any two session key between nodes, and according to node distribution key resource, are faced using the generation of HMAC functions
When session key, for protecting session key, and complete session key agreement, generation time and the storage for reducing key are empty
Between, the transmission quantity of wireless sensor network is reduced, meets communication encryption demand between wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method based on cipher key technique includes：
Step 1：It is theoretical using permutation and combination, go out different key resources for each combination of nodes in cluster；Utilize symmetric cryptography
Algorithm is distributed to each node in cluster after the above-mentioned key resource of generation is encrypted；
Step 2：Cluster head Hd produces any two nodes N using SHA1 functionsiWith NjSession key, then respectively according to two
The key resource that individual node is distributed, construct the encryption key of corresponding protection session key so that arbitrary node N in clusteriWith NjIt
Between carry out communication encryption, wherein i, j represent arbitrary node in same cluster respectively, but i and j is differed.
Further, step 1 detailed process is：Cluster head Hd is cluster using permutation and combination theory according to interstitial content
Interior each combination of nodes goes out different key resources, i.e., according to cluster internal segment count noden, cluster interior nodes store key capacity keyn with
And renewal number of keys upkeyn, it is that each node generates corresponding secret key resource, cluster internal segment points using permutation and combination methodThen using shared group key K in clusterHd, the key resource of generation is carried out using symmetric encipherment algorithm
Each node in cluster is distributed to after encryption.
Further, step 2 detailed process is：
Step 21：Node NiSession application is proposed to cluster head Hd, it is desirable to node NjConversate；
Step 22：Cluster head Hd is NiWith NjGenerate session keyRandom faces for cluster head
Caused random value；
Step 23：Cluster head Hd utilizes formulaProduce
With node NiBetween interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillSent out after encryption
Give node Ni；Wherein K in HMAC functionsn,Km... to distribute to node NiKey resource, n>0,m>0,Symbol represents to press
Bit carries out XOR by turn,Represent that character string directly cascades；
Step 24：Cluster head Hd utilizes formulaProduction
Raw and node NjBetween interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillAfter encryption
It is sent to node Nj.K in formulan′,Km′... to distribute to node NjKey resource, wherein n, m, n', m' represent any section
Point resource sequence number, but n, m, n', m' are differed；
Step 25：Node NiWith NjIt is respectively adopted and goes out key with cluster head Hd identical HMAC construction of functionWithThen the message that cluster head Hd is sent is decrypted respectively, obtains NiWith NjBetween session keyComplete in cluster
Arbitrary node NiWith NjBetween session key agreement.
A kind of safe communication method based on wireless sensor network key also includes step 3：Work as wireless sensor network
In there is new node to add or have an arbitrary node NiWhen exiting, key updating is carried out.
Further, step 3 detailed process is：
Step 31：When new node adds, if before new node adds, nodes number noden is less than
Cluster head searches remaining cipher key combinations, while produces a new group key by cluster head, then by new group key and key
Combination is sent to the node newly added, and updates the group key of other nodes；Before if node adds, nodes number
Noden is equal toNow in cluster head without remaining cipher key combinations resource, cluster head according to interstitial content adjust upkeyn or
Keyn parameters, that is, increase upkeyn or keyn so thatNew key resource is generated simultaneously, then by it
Encryption is distributed to each node.
Step 32：If arbitrary node NiExit network, then using being not yet assigned to node NiKey resource Kn,Km... as
Encryption key, new group key K ' is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithmHdWith each node distribution key resource, and by the group after encryption
Key Kn(K′Hd) or Km(K′Hd) and key resource Kn(K′i) or Km(K′i) be handed down to each node, so far complete cluster in key more
Newly, and now node NiNew key can not be decrypted, it is ensured that the forward secrecy of network, wherein the group key K 'HdProduced by cluster head
It is raw, Kn(K′Hd) represent it should is KntTo K 'HdIt is encrypted；Km(K′Hd) represent KmTo K'HdIt is encrypted；Kn(K′i) represent should be
KnTo K 'iIt is encrypted；Km(K′i) represent KmTo K 'iIt is encrypted；K′iFor in key resource distribution node resource it is any
Key, n, m ∈ i.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
It is 1. safe.Communication between interior joint of the present invention is encrypted using interim conversation key, and key is intercepted rear nothing
Method reuses；When there is node to exit wireless sensor network, group key can be updated in cluster, and cluster head uses and exits node
The new group key of unappropriated key resource encryption is sent to member in cluster, and exiting node can not be according to the key possessed before exiting
To decrypt new group key, so as to ensure that the forward secrecy of network；Node carries out group key management, new group when adding network
Key can not decrypt former data, ensure that the backward security of network.
2. amount of calculation is small.This technology belongs to cipher application technical field, and permutation and combination is utilized in wireless sensor network
Theory, substantial amounts of combination key is produced using a small amount of key seed, there is provided the pool of keys needed for key distribution, renewal, formulate
The correlation rule of key resource between network cluster interior nodes, cluster head produce any two session key between nodes using SHA1 functions,
And according to node distribution resource, interim conversation key is generated using HMAC functions, for protecting session key, and it is close to complete session
Key is consulted, and reduces generation time and the memory space of key, reduces the transmission quantity of network, meet wireless sensor network cluster
Communication encryption demand between interior nodes.
3. it is few to consume resource.The present invention only needs a small amount of key to produce substantial amounts of combination key, forms key money
Source pond, consumes key resource and computing resource is less.
4. the present invention reduces generation time and the memory space of key using permutation and combination method, wireless sensing is reduced
The transmission quantity of device network, meet communication encryption demand between wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes.
5. in the present invention using clustering architecture can reduce transmission caused by energy expense, be advantageous to network extension.
Brief description of the drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein：
Key distribution and renewal when Fig. 1 wireless sensor network nodes add.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine in any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), except non-specifically chatting
State, can alternative features equivalent by other or with similar purpose replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature
It is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics.
Operation principle：Wireless sensor network is managed using hierarchical structure in the present invention.Whole network is divided into
Multiple clusters, each sensor node are only under the jurisdiction of 1 cluster, and each cluster is made up of 1 cluster head and multiple sensor nodes.In cluster altogether
1 group key is enjoyed, cluster head considers cluster interior nodes storage key capacity, renewal number of keys, generates corresponding secret key resource, cluster
Head is theoretical using permutation and combination, goes out different key resource (the key resource of each node distribution is different) for each combination of nodes,
Then using shared group key, cluster Nei Gejie is distributed to after the key resource of generation is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithm
Point
Substantial amounts of combination key is produced using permutation and combination is theoretical using a small amount of key seed, there is provided close in network cluster
Key resource pool needed for key distribution, renewal.It is theoretical using permutation and combination, produced in network cluster using a small amount of key seed
Substantial amounts of combination key, there is provided between cluster interior nodes communicate in key distribution, renewal needed for pool of keys, formulate cluster interior nodes between it is close
The correlation rule of key resource, cluster head produce any two session key between nodes using SHA1 functions, and close according to node distribution
Key resource, interim conversation key is generated using HMAC functions, for protecting session key, and completes session key agreement, is reduced
The generation time of key and memory space, the transmission quantity of network is reduced, meet to lead between wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes
Believe encryption requirements.
Specific steps：
1st, key resource dissemination：Cluster head produces the meeting between any two node using SHA1 (random number caused by cluster head) function
Key is talked about, the key resource then distributed respectively according to two nodes, constructs the corresponding encryption key for protecting session key, structure
The method of making is to produce encryption key using function HMAC-SHA1 (input key, input message), wherein, input key is section
Point possesses key resource, and by bit, XOR acquired results, input message then possess the direct level of key string for node by turn
Connection forms, and so can effectively mitigate the computational burden of node.Specific practice is：Energy caused by transmission can be reduced using clustering architecture
Expense is measured, is advantageous to network extension.Therefore, application scenarios of the invention only consider the communication between single cluster interior nodes, design base
In cluster structured key managing project.In this programme, each sensor node is only under the jurisdiction of 1 cluster, and each cluster is by 1 cluster head
Formed with multiple sensor nodes.1 group key is shared in cluster, cluster head Hd considers cluster internal segment points noden, cluster interior nodes
Key capacity keyn and renewal number of keys upkeyn is stored, is that each node generates corresponding secret key using permutation and combination method
Resource, cluster internal segment pointsWherein, C is permutation and combination symbol.Such as node receiving cipher key number keyn is
2, renewal cipher key number upkeyn is 2, and cluster internal segment points are thenKey resource can be provided for 6 nodes, wherein, section
The key resource of the distribution of point 1 is (K1, K2, 0,0), the key resource that node 2 distributes is (0, K2, K3, 0), node 3 distributes close
Key resource is (K1, 0, K3, 0), can be to be left 3 node distribution key resources by that analogy, 0 expression node does not possess in bracket
This key.Cluster head is divided using shared group key after the above-mentioned key resource of generation is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithm
It is sent to each node in cluster.
2nd, session key agreement.Arbitrary node N in clusteriWith NjBetween when being communicated, initiate session Shen to cluster head first
Please, its idiographic flow is as follows：
1) node NiSession application is proposed to cluster head Hd, it is desirable to node NjConversate；
2) cluster head Hd is NiWith NjGenerate session keyRandom is that cluster head produces temporarily
Random value；
3) cluster head Hd is utilizedProduce and node NiBetween
Interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillNode N is sent to after encryptioni。
Wherein, K in HMAC functionsn,Km... to distribute to node NiKey resource,Symbol represents to carry out XOR fortune by turn by bit
Calculate,Represent that character string directly cascades；
4) cluster head Hd is utilizedProduce and node Nj
Between interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillNode is sent to after encryption
Nj.Symbol implication is same as above in HMAC functions, K in formulan′,Km′... to distribute to node NjKey resource；
5) node NiWith NjIt is respectively adopted and goes out key with cluster head Hd identical HMAC construction of functionWithSo
Decrypt the message that cluster head Hd is sent respectively afterwards, obtain NiWith NjBetween session keySo far complete arbitrarily to save in cluster
Session key agreement between point.
3rd, key updating method when node changes.New node add when, consider cluster internal segment points, key number of resources with
And key updating number, renewal rule is formulated, if nodes distribute remaining close not above permutation and combination theory node maximum
Key resource, if nodes total after new node addition are more than maximum, adjusts key number of resources and key more to new node
New number, redistributes key resource to each node, it is ensured that wireless sensor network key distribution safety；When node exits, utilize
The new group key of key resource encryption and each node distribution key resource not available for node are exited, and the group after encryption is close
Key and key resource are handed down to each node, so complete key updating in cluster, and new key can not be decrypted by exiting node, it is ensured that
The forward secrecy of network.Detailed process is：
1) key updating when node adds.Nodes number noden is less than before if node addsCluster head
Search remaining cipher key combinations, while generate a new group key (being produced by cluster head), then by new group key and close
Key combination is sent to the node newly added, and updates the group key of other nodes；Nodes number before if node adds
Noden is equal toNow without remaining cipher key combinations resource in cluster head, cluster head is in its storage capacity and computing capability scope
Within, upkeyn or keyn parameters are adjusted according to interstitial content, that is, increase upkeyn or keyn so that
New key resource is generated simultaneously, is then encrypted using group key and is distributed to each node.Its particular flow sheet such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show.
2) key updating when node exits.With key distribution phase example interior joint N1Exemplified by, if node N1Exit network,
Then using being not yet assigned to node N1Key resource K3, K4As encryption key, new group key is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithm
K′hd(being produced by cluster head) and each node distribution key resource, and by the group key K after encryption3(K′hd) or K4(K′hd) and key
Resource K3(K′i) or K4(K′i) each node is handed down to, wherein, K 'iFor the arbitrary key of distribution node resource in key resource,
N, m ∈ i, so far key updating in completion cluster, and now node N1New key can not be decrypted, it is ensured that the forward secrecy of network.
The invention is not limited in foregoing embodiment.The present invention, which expands to, any in this manual to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method based on cipher key technique, it is characterised in that including：Step 1：It is theoretical using permutation and combination, go out different key resources for each combination of nodes in cluster；Utilize symmetric encipherment algorithm Each node in cluster is distributed to after the above-mentioned key resource of generation is encrypted；Step 2：Cluster head Hd produces any two nodes N using SHA1 functionsiWith NjSession key, then respectively according to two section The distributed key resource of point, construct the encryption key of corresponding protection session key so that arbitrary node N in clusteriWith NjBetween enter Row communication encryption, wherein i, j all represent arbitrary node in same cluster respectively, but i and j is differed；Step 1 detailed process is：Cluster head Hd is each combination of nodes in cluster using permutation and combination theory according to interstitial content Go out different key resources, i.e., store key capacity keyn and renewal cipher key number according to cluster internal segment points noden, cluster interior nodes Upkeyn is measured, is that each node generates corresponding secret key resource, cluster internal segment points using permutation and combination method Then using shared group key K in clusterHd, it is distributed to after the key resource of generation is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithm in cluster Each node.
- 2. the wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method according to claim 1 based on cipher key technique, its Being characterised by step 2 detailed process is：Step 21：Node NiSession application is proposed to cluster head Hd, it is desirable to node NjConversate；Step 22：Cluster head Hd is NiWith NjGenerate session keyRandom is that cluster head is produced temporarily Raw random value；Step 23：Cluster head Hd utilizes formulaProduce and save Point NiBetween interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillIt is sent to after encryption Node Ni；Wherein K in HMAC-SHA1 functionsn,Km, to distribute to node NiKey resource, n ＞ 0, m ＞ 0,Symbol Represent to carry out XOR by turn by bit,Represent that character string directly cascades；Step 24：Cluster head Hd utilizes formulaProduce with Node NjBetween interim conversation keyAnd symmetric encipherment algorithm is utilized, useWillSent after encryption Give node Nj；K in formulan′,Km′, to distribute to node NjKey resource, wherein n, m, n', m' represent any section Point resource sequence number, but n, m, n', m' are differed；Step 25：Node NiWith NjIt is respectively adopted and goes out key with cluster head Hd identical HMAC-SHA1 construction of functionWithThen the message that cluster head Hd is sent is decrypted respectively, obtains NiWith NjBetween session keyComplete to appoint in cluster Anticipate node NiWith NjBetween session key agreement.
- 3. the wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method according to claim 1 or 2 based on cipher key technique, Characterized by further comprising step 3：When thering is new node to add in wireless sensor network or have an arbitrary node NiWhen exiting, enter Row key updating.
- 4. the wireless sensor network cluster interior nodes safety communicating method according to claim 3 based on cipher key technique, its Being characterised by step 3 detailed process is：Step 31：When new node adds, if before new node adds, nodes number noden is less thanCluster head Remaining cipher key combinations are searched, while a new group key is produced by cluster head, then by new group key and cipher key combinations The node newly added is sent to, and updates the group key of other nodes；Before if node adds, nodes number noden etc. InUpkeyn or keyn parameters are now adjusted according to interstitial content without remaining cipher key combinations resource, cluster head in cluster head, Increase upkeyn or keyn so thatNew key resource is generated simultaneously, is then encrypted distribution To each node；Step 32：If arbitrary node NiExit network, then using being not yet assigned to node NiKey resource Kn,Km, as Encryption key, new group key K ' is encrypted using symmetric encipherment algorithmHdWith each node distribution key resource, and by the group after encryption Key Kn(K′Hd) or Km(K′Hd) and key resource Kn(K′i) or Km(K′i) be handed down to each node, so far complete cluster in key more Newly, and now node NiNew key can not be decrypted, it is ensured that the forward secrecy of network, wherein the group key K 'HdProduced by cluster head It is raw, Kn(K′Hd) represent it should is KnTo K 'HdIt is encrypted；Km(K′Hd) represent KmTo K'HdIt is encrypted；Kn(K′i) represent it should is Kn To K 'iIt is encrypted；Km(K′i) represent KmTo K 'iIt is encrypted；K′iFor in key resource distribution node resource it is any close Key.
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| CN109361520B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-06-25 | 泰华智慧产业集团股份有限公司 | Internet of things equipment dynamic encryption method based on login serial number |
| CN110138559B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-02-01 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Method and system for quantum key distribution of terminal in transformer area |
| CN112003697B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2023-09-29 | 成都卫士通信息产业股份有限公司 | Encryption and decryption method and device for cryptographic module, electronic equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN114567879A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-31 | 重庆九格慧科技有限公司 | Key distribution system based on wireless cascade connection |
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