CN105048437A - Combined neutral point grounding integrated control device - Google Patents
Combined neutral point grounding integrated control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105048437A CN105048437A CN201510565558.9A CN201510565558A CN105048437A CN 105048437 A CN105048437 A CN 105048437A CN 201510565558 A CN201510565558 A CN 201510565558A CN 105048437 A CN105048437 A CN 105048437A
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Abstract
A combined neutral point grounding integrated control device belongs to the field of power grid automatic control. The technical problem to be solved in the invention is to provide a combined neutral point grounding integrated control device which can improve the level of integrated control on power grid voltage greatly and improve the reliability of power grid operation. The technical scheme is as follows: a combined grounding control device is arranged at the neutral point of a transformer or generator, and the device comprises a protection branch (1), a protection branch (2), a protection branch (3) and an integrated control unit (7). The CPU master control program of the integrated control unit (7) controls the three protection branches. Overvoltage of a power grid is controlled in a cascaded manner according to the duration of overvoltage of a power supply network, wave steepness, energy magnitude, and voltage parameters. A protection scheme including the steps of voltage limiting, energy inhibition, low-voltage grounding and the like is adopted. Cascade control on the power grid voltage is realized through cascaded cooperation of all levels of protection according to the voltage parameters, time parameters and energy parameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of neutral earthing devices of electric power network, especially relate to 3 ~ 66kV medium-pressure electricity supply network, greatly can improve the power supply reliability of electrical network, ensure a kind of composite type neutral point integrated control device of power consumption equipment safety.
Background technology
Comparatively general with 6kV, 10kV, 35kV tri-electric pressure application in China 3 ~ 66kV medium voltage network, in recent years, along with the development of supply network, a large amount of uses of vacuum circuit-breaker, the user of cable line is adopted day by day to increase, the use of the power equipments such as arc furnace, frequency converter, high-voltage thyristor also increases increasingly, cause the fluctuation of line voltage very frequent, cause the phenomenon of the system failure more and more frequent because of supply network voltage fluctuation, cause the damage of power transmission and transforming equipment, affect the production of enterprise, bring direct or indirect economic loss to enterprise.Particularly industrial and mining enterprises adopt cable power supply mostly, and electric capacity and current with single-phase earthing in system is increased greatly, and the accident that system causes power consumption equipment to damage owing to there is single-phase intermittent arc earthing has generation more.
In order to solve the overvoltage injury problem produced in power network development process, for different power system operating modes, the protecting control scheme of power network overvoltage is also developing thereupon.The domestic comparatively normal power system operating mode adopted mainly comprises three kinds at present: 1) isolated neutral operational mode, 2) neutral by arc extinction coil grounding operational mode, 3) Neutral Point Through Low Resistance operational mode.
Isolated neutral operational mode: medium voltage network isolated neutral; domestic 3 ~ 66kV medium-pressure electricity supply network great majority adopt this operational mode, are the protection being carried out system overvoltage by zinc oxide surge arresters, combination overvoltage protector, arc-extinguishing resonance-extinguishing device to the overvoltage protection of supply network.But traditional lightning arrester only can prevent the relatively overvoltage produced of being struck by lightning, cannot the alternate superpotential problem of resolution system; And combination overvoltage protector can with limit relatively, alternate overvoltage, but it is very limited to absorb energy, so, be merely able to absorb restriction to instantaneity overvoltage, the long-time overvoltage produced for resonance, single-phase earthing etc. cannot be born, and even causes the blast of protector; And arc-extinguishing resonance-extinguishing device is mainly arranged for system transmission intermittent arc grounding, its principle is the fault phase direct metal ground connection by there is arc grounding, although this protection scheme is simple, system needs the phase-deficient operation of long period; Particularly the overvoltage do not grown of duration, although eliminate system arc overvoltage by Single Phase Metal ground connection, can cause the single-phase earthing of long period, electric power system be operated with failure, makes fault spread.
The operational mode of neutral by arc extinction coil grounding: medium voltage network neutral point is through grounding through arc, this operational mode is mainly larger for system capacitive earth current, may cause the superpotential problem of intermittent arc grounding, cardinal principle is that the capacitance current of principle to system utilizing inductive current and capacitance current to differ from 180 ° in phase place compensates.Due to the variation of power system operating mode and the randomness of arc grounding point, it is very difficult that arc suppression coil will carry out effective compensation to capacitance current; Arc suppression coil is merely able to compensate power-frequency overvoltage in addition, helpless for higher-order of oscillation overvoltage.Therefore the compensation protection scheme of arc suppression coil only can reduce arc grounding odds, cannot stop the generation of intermittent arc grounding.Even if the inductance current energy full remuneration capacity current of arc suppression coil, neutral point displacement voltage Uo will be very high, overcompensation mode can reduce neutral point displacement voltage, but off resonance degree is large, line-to-ground electric current will be made too large, electric arc not easily extinguishes, and so still there will be arc light can not go out and overvoltage problem certainly, and arc overvoltage still exists.
The operational mode of Neutral Point Through Low Resistance: medium voltage network neutral point is through low resistance grounding; the application of this operational mode U.S. is more; it is more and more that recent year industrial and mining enterprises electric power system adopts; its cardinal principle is that neutral point of electric network is through low resistance grounding; utilize the earth current increasing fault point when there is single-phase earthing artificially, utilize zero sequence excess current protection to make circuit breaker instantaneous trip faulty line.This protection scheme accuracy is high; protection is reliable; its major defect is: first; when there is single phase ground fault, permanent or instantaneity cannot be distinguished, also cannot distinguish metallic ground or intermittent arc grounding; all act on tripping operation; the tripping operation number of times of circuit is increased greatly, has had a strong impact on the normal power supply of user, made the reliability decrease of power supply.Secondly, because the electric current of earth point is comparatively large, when zero-sequenceprotection action not in time or tripping time, by making earth point and neighbouring insulation be subject to larger harm, cause phase fault to occur.
The utility model patent of patent No. ZL2010201575037 discloses a kind of non-linear neutral point earthing resistor, comprises at least one group by high energy ZnO valve block group A and the assembly that forms with the fuse that high energy ZnO valve block group A is in series.Its principle utilizes the nonlinear characteristic of high energy ZnO resistors to realize the suppression suddenlyd change to system voltage, the overvoltage energy produced during absorption system voltage jump.This technical reduces the problem that neutral point linear resistance earthing tripping frequency is relatively high, power supply continuity is poor; but bring new problem simultaneously; the linear resistance that low resistance grounding adopts utilizes the earth current of neutral point to make circuit breaker instantaneous trip faulty line by zero sequence excess current protection; and nonlinear resistance utilizes the non-linear realization of ZnO resistors to overvoltage Limiting, simultaneously by absorbing the energy of voltage jump large can the appearance of high energy ZnO nonlinear resistance.This technology thinks that the energy capacity of high energy ZnO nonlinear resistance designing according to 300% of system energy capacity, but what do not talk about system can capacity be how many on earth, as everyone knows, the energy of electric power system and voltage, electric current, time is directly proportional, the time that system overvoltage continues is indefinite, such as intermittent arc grounding, may be instantaneous, also a few minutes may be continued, also possibility long-term existence, uncertain due to the overvoltage duration, superpotential ceiling capacity can think infinity, and the energy of nonlinear resistance can not be designed to infinity, so, so-called 300% is just nonsensical, once superpotential energy exceed high energy ZnO nonlinear resistance design bear energy, puncturing of ZnO resistors will be caused, and then heat accumulation, form thermal runaway, although add fuse in the patented technology of patent No. ZL2010201575037 to protect high energy ZnO nonlinear resistance, but exiting of znr, this device can be made normally to work.
In sum; for the problem of system overvoltage; three kinds of operational modes formerly and known solution all also exist various problem, lack the comprehensive of protection and consider the unified of network system, comprehensive, the reliability cannot accomplishing to protect and the harmony of security of system.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly weak point in order to solve technique scheme and provides a kind of Global Macros device carrying out composite type process according to supply network overvoltage duration length, amplitude size, energy size respectively; particularly by a kind of composite type ground connection composite control apparatus that the comprehensive control realization of neutral ground processes step by step to supply network overvoltage; this device can improve line voltage Comprehensive Control level greatly, improves the reliability of operation of power networks.Power monitoring technology, change in voltage analytical technology, voltage control technology organically combine by neutral ground composite control apparatus; realize the comprehensively monitoring to line voltage and protection; change the various problems existed in first technology; the protecting control of line voltage is made to rise to integration protection by decentralized supervisory control; the concept that line voltage is controlled is extended greatly in breadth and depth; further specific aim and the applicability having expanded line voltage monitoring and protection, the level of aggregation of General Promotion line voltage automatic monitoring protection.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem takes: a kind of composite type neutral ground composite control apparatus, can realize, to the various superpotential restriction of supply network and protection, comprising three protection branch roads: the protection branch road (1) be made up of compression limiter (4), current signal unit (10); The protection branch road (2) be made up of Energy suppression unit (5), current signal unit (8), current limiting fuse (11); The protection branch road (3) be made up of ground unit (6), current signal unit (9), fling-cut switch (12); With a Comprehensive Control unit (7).Described compression limiter (4), Energy suppression unit (5), ground unit (6) respectively according to the overvoltage duration, wave head steepness, amplitude size, energy size realize step by step, comprehensive control and scheduling co-design; each protected location realizes knockdown step protection cooperation by the centralized control of the physical characteristic of self and Comprehensive Control unit (7) on voltage parameter, time parameter, energy parameter, thus realizes controlling the entirety of supply network.
The present invention adopt the protection branch road (1) in technical scheme, protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3) be installed in parallel; end of incoming cables after parallel connection is electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13), lower end be electrically connected.
The present invention adopt the protection branch road (1) in technical scheme to comprise compression limiter (4), current signal unit (10), described compression limiter (4), current signal unit (10) are connected in series.Compression limiter (4) is made up of high pressure oxidation zinc nonlinear resistance; the direct current 1mA voltage parameter of high pressure oxidation zinc nonlinear resistance is arranged according to the insulation tolerance of power consumption equipment; protection branch road (1) arranges a current signal unit (10), and current signal unit (10) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication and realizes centralized control.First effect of protection branch road (1) utilizes compression limiter (4) to carry out elementary restriction to system overvoltage, and absorb overvoltage energy, the instantaneity overvoltage that particularly, wave head large for amplitude is steep, utilize the impact resistance over-voltage amplitude that high pressure oxidation zinc valve block is stronger, relax the steepness of overvoltage wave head, be the first order protection of whole protection scheme, ensure the safety of power consumption equipment, ensure the reliability of power supply; Second effect utilizes current signal unit (10) to realize the remote monitoring of this unit; the cooperation of the system that realizes protection at different levels; the working condition of protection branch road (1) is monitored; simultaneously for the step of whole system coordinate, overall control provide parameter foundation, ensures effective cooperation of whole protection system.
The present invention adopt the protection branch road (2) in technical scheme to comprise current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current detecting unit (8), described current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current detecting unit (8) are connected in series.Energy suppression unit (5) is made up of high energy ZnO nonlinear resistance, and the direct current 1mA voltage reference voltage of Energy suppression unit (5) is higher than the direct current 1mA voltage reference voltage 20% of compression limiter (4); The residual voltage ratio of Energy suppression unit (5) is lower than the residual voltage ratio 20% of compression limiter (4); The Nonlinear Characteristic Curve of Energy suppression unit (5) and the Nonlinear Characteristic Curve of compression limiter (4) realize intersecting when 100A; The energy ability to bear of Energy suppression unit (5) is according to guarantee supply network all power consumption equipment safe operations time period T
0arrange, described time period T
0need to arrange according to the cooperation of whole protection system.Protection branch road (2) arranges a current signal unit (8), and current signal unit (8) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication by telemetry circuit, realizes centralized control.Protection branch road (2) also arranges a current limiting fuse (11), when Energy suppression unit (5) electric current in protection branch road (2) reaches I
0time; current limiting fuse (11) fuses; protection Energy suppression unit (5); there is provided signal to Comprehensive Control unit (7) simultaneously; run by Control protection branch road (3); realize low resistance grounding, utilize zero sequence current mutual inductor to realize the tripping operation of faulty line.First effect of protection branch road (2) absorbs the overvoltage energy that electric power system produces when system has overvoltage to occur and exceeds the design ability to bear of protection branch road (1) again; Second effect is the remote monitoring being realized this unit by current signal unit (8); the cooperation of the system that realizes protection at different levels; the working condition of protection branch road (2) is monitored; simultaneously for the step of whole system coordinate, overall control provide parameter foundation, ensures effective cooperation of whole protection system.
The present invention adopt the protection branch road (3) in technical scheme to comprise high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9), described high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9) are connected in series.Ground unit (6) is made up of linear resistance, and the parameter of linear resistance is arranged according to the requirement of neutral point by low resistance grounding.Protection branch road (3) is provided with high-speed switch (12), the switching on ground unit (6) that achieves a butt joint, high-speed switch (12) T operate time
1according to protection branch road (2) design and operation time T
050% arrange.Protection branch road (3) arranges a current signal unit (9), and current signal unit (9) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication by telemetry circuit, realizes centralized control.First effect of protection branch road (3) is in system generation overvoltage, and the duration exceeds the design and operation time T protecting branch road (2)
050% time, or when the current limiting fuse (11) in protection branch road (2) fuses, by the input of high-speed switch (12), realize low resistance grounding by ground unit (6), utilize zero sequence current mutual inductor to realize the tripping operation of faulty line; Second effect is the Long-distance Control being realized this unit by current signal unit (9); the cooperation of the system that realizes protection at different levels; the working condition of protection branch road (3) is monitored; simultaneously for the step of whole system coordinate, overall control provide parameter foundation, ensures effective cooperation of whole protection system.
The present invention adopt the operation principle of technical scheme to be: protection branch road (1) is set, protection branch road (2) and protection branch road (3), amplitude when utilizing three protection branch roads to produce according to overvoltage respectively, wave head steepness, the parameters such as duration carry out step protection to the overvoltage that electric power system produces, when overvoltage occurs, first branch road (1) is protected to put into operation, realized superpotential restriction by the compression limiter (4) of protection branch road (1), ensure that line voltage is no more than the insulation ability to bear of power consumption equipment, because compression limiter (4) absorbs finite energy, bear superpotential set of time within 20ms.Compression limiter (4) is protected mainly for instantaneity overvoltage, can limit instantaneity overvoltage as lightning overvoltage, switching overvoltage etc.The Parameter analysis simultaneously gathered by current signal unit (10) in three-phase voltage parameter, residual voltage parameter, protection branch road (1) is judged; judge superpotential type and energy size; served as voltage energy and exceeded the design of protection branch road (1) when bearing energy, protection branch road (2) puts into operation.By the Energy suppression unit (5) of protection branch road (2) overvoltage carried out to the suppression of energy; ensure that system voltage is no more than safety value simultaneously; because system capacity is protected electrical network conveying capacity; relation proportional with the time; so; the time of bearing of Energy suppression unit (5) is not infinite; the needs producing superpotential situation and system protection according to this supply network are arranged; the factors such as comprehensive measurement technological requirement, cost, time T is born in the design of Energy suppression unit (5)
0be no more than 10 minutes.Gathered the current parameters of protection branch road (2) simultaneously by current signal unit (8), overvoltage is judged again.If energy is born in the setting that overvoltage energy exceeds protection branch road (2), be also exceed Energy suppression unit (5) design the superpotential duration to bear time T
050% time; branch road (3) is then protected to put into operation; the neutral grounding by small resistance of electric power system is realized by ground unit (6); utilize zero sequence current mutual inductor to realize the tripping operation of faulty line, ensure that line voltage does not work the mischief to the power consumption equipment of system, power transmission and transforming equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3) realizes controlling the superpotential step of supply network, according to the collection of system voltage parameter and protective current parameter at different levels, analyze, judge, judge the superpotential duration, wave head steepness, amplitude size, the parameters such as energy size, the protection scheme of the knockdown step process of comprehensive employing, each layer protection is according to optimum configurations, set of time, energy coordinations etc. coordinate step by step, solve isolated neutral operational mode in first technology, neutral point grounding through arc operational mode, the various problems that neutral grounding by small resistance operational mode exists.Relative to the operational mode of isolated neutral and neutral point grounding through arc, the reliability of protection improves greatly; Relative to the operational mode of neutral grounding by small resistance, overcome the problem that low resistance grounding tripping frequency is high, power supply continuity is poor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is protection branch combinations figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of master control program of the present invention;
Embodiment
As shown in the protection branch combinations figure of the circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of composite type neutral ground composite control apparatus, comprises protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3), Comprehensive Control unit (7); Be electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13) after the end of incoming cables electrical connection of protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3); Protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3) leading-out terminal electrical connection after be electrically connected.Between the neutral point being connected to transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13) after forming three protection branch circuit parallel connections and ground.
Protection branch combinations figure as shown in Figure 2, protection branch road (1) comprises compression limiter (4) and current signal unit (10), compression limiter (4) and current signal unit (10) are connected in series, the end of incoming cables of compression limiter (4) is electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13), the leading-out terminal of compression limiter (4) is electrically connected with current signal unit (10) end of incoming cables, the leading-out terminal of current signal unit (10) be electrically connected, the secondary side of current signal unit (10) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication.
Protection branch combinations figure as shown in Figure 2, protection branch road (2) comprises current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current signal unit (8), described current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current signal unit (8) is connected in series, the end of incoming cables of current limiting fuse (11) is electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13), the leading-out terminal of current limiting fuse (11) is electrically connected with the end of incoming cables of Energy suppression unit (5), the leading-out terminal of Energy suppression unit (5) is electrically connected with current signal unit (8) end of incoming cables, the leading-out terminal of current signal unit (8) be electrically connected, the secondary side of current signal unit (8) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication.
Protection branch combinations figure as shown in Figure 2, protection branch road (3) comprises high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9), described high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9) is connected in series, the end of incoming cables of high-speed switch (12) is electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13), high-speed switch (12) leading-out terminal is electrically connected with the end of incoming cables of ground unit (6), the leading-out terminal of ground unit (6) is electrically connected with the leading-out terminal of current signal unit (9), the leading-out terminal of current signal unit (9) be electrically connected, the secondary side of current signal unit (9) is connected with Comprehensive Control unit (7) communication.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, Comprehensive Control unit (7) is connected with current signal unit (8), current signal unit (9), current signal unit (10) communication by signal transmission line.
As shown in Figure 3, be a primary control program schematic flow sheet of Comprehensive Control unit (7).Comprehensive Control unit (7) enters [network voltage detection] after initialization, to the voltage real-time monitoring of power supply grid; Then enter [with or without overvoltage], judgement system produces with or without overvoltage, if [with or without overvoltage] is judged as N, return [network voltage detection], if [with or without overvoltage] is judged as Y, enter [protection branch road 1 runs], system overvoltage is limited, gives the alarm and uploading detection parameter simultaneously; Entered [branch road 1 electric current time-out] by [protection branch road 1 runs], by judging size of current and the duration of protection branch road (1), judge the size of system overvoltage, if [branch road 1 electric current time-out] is judged as N, then return [network voltage detection], if [branch road 1 electric current time-out] is judged as Y, enter [protection branch road 2 runs], protection branch road (2) puts into operation, gives the alarm and uploading detection parameter simultaneously; Entered [branch road 2 electric current time-out] by [protection branch road 2 runs], by judging size of current and the duration of protection branch road (2), judge the size of system overvoltage, if [branch road 2 electric current time-out] is judged as N, then return [network voltage detection], if [branch road 2 electric current time-out] is judged as Y, enters [protection branch road 3 runs], enter [alarm] and [parameter is uploaded] simultaneously; [protection branch road 3 runs] enters [branch road 3 electric current exceeds standard], judge to protect the electric current of branch road 3 whether to exceed established standards, if [branch road 3 electric current exceeds standard] is judged as Y, enters [faulty line tripping operation], enter [alarm] and [parameter is uploaded] simultaneously; If [branch road 3 electric current exceeds standard] is judged as N, then enters [parameter uploads/alarm], get back to [network voltage detection] after then entering [system reset].
Claims (6)
1. a composite type neutral ground composite control apparatus; it is characterized in that: comprise protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3) and Comprehensive Control unit (7); described protection branch road (1), protection branch road (2), protection branch road (3) are connected in parallel; end of incoming cables after parallel connection is electrically connected with the neutral point of transformer or generator by fling-cut switch (13); leading-out terminal be electrically connected, Comprehensive Control unit (7) connects three protection branch road communications.
2. a kind of composite type neutral ground composite control apparatus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: protection branch road (1) comprises compression limiter (4) and current signal unit (10), described compression limiter (4) and the electrical connection of current signal unit (10) order.
3. a kind of neutral point composite type ground connection composite control apparatus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: protection branch road (2) comprises current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current signal unit (8), the electrical connection of described current limiting fuse (11), Energy suppression unit (5), current signal unit (8) order.
4. a kind of composite type neutral ground composite control apparatus according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: protection branch road (3) comprises high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9), the electrical connection of described high-speed switch (12), ground unit (6), current signal unit (9) order.
5. a kind of neutral ground composite control apparatus according to Claims 1-4; Comprehensive Control unit (7) is connected with three-phase voltage signal and neutral point voltage signal and communication, it is characterized in that: Comprehensive Control unit (7) also simultaneously with the current signal unit (10) of protection branch road (1), protect the current signal unit (8) of branch road (2) and protect current signal unit (9) communication of branch road (3) to be connected.
6. according to a kind of neutral ground composite control apparatus described in claim 1 to 5; protection branch road (2) comprises current limiting fuse (11); it is characterized in that: provide signal to Comprehensive Control unit (7) during current limiting fuse (11) fusing, Control protection branch road (3) puts into operation.
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| CN109581038A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-05 | 国家电网有限公司 | Electric power plug socket lightning protection control method, system and slave computer |
| CN111030049A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Transformer neutral point protection method and device |
| CN111308276A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-19 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力调度控制中心 | Power distribution network fault positioning method and device |
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| CN105048437B (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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