CN105048080B - A kind of omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole - Google Patents
A kind of omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of circular polarisation omnidirectional antenna based on electro magnetic dipole, the dielectric substrate including microstrip antenna and support microstrip antenna;Microstrip antenna includes the first and second rectangular metal patch positioned at dielectric substrate upper and lower surface, first and second rectangular metal patch it is identical for size and in facing each other with parallel relationship, on the length direction along first and second rectangular metal patch, first and second identical rectangular metal arm of size is drawn with negative direction respectively;The first surface of wherein the first rectangular metal patch and the first rectangular metal arm composition dielectric substrate, the second surface of second rectangular metal patch and the second shape metal arm composition dielectric substrate, it is connected between first and second surface with short-circuit wall, the width of short-circuit wall is equal with the thickness of dielectric substrate, and the length of short-circuit wall is equal with the first rectangular metal patch.This antenna primary radiation part uses patch, and reactance component is not used, and low with section, size is small, easily coplanar to wait miniaturizations advantage, can be realized on lamina.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical field, more particularly, to a kind of omni-directional circular polarisation based on electro magnetic dipole
Flat plane antenna, is a kind of micro-strip paster antenna, and working frequency 5GHz can realize circular polarisation and antenna pattern in vertical plane
Function for omni-directional.
Background technology
The development of the communication technology makes human society enter Modern Information based Society, and information exchange is more and more frequent, exchange
Channel is also varied, and various electronic communication equipments occur in explosive, and the requirement to communication quality also becomes higher and higher.My god
Line is transmitted as signal and the critical piece of energy conversion, is the preceding post that signal transmits in different mediums, performance is excellent
The good quality for directly affecting communication.
It is half-wave dipole antenna based on the simplest antenna structure of electro magnetic dipole, it uses two diameters and length
All equal straight wire composition, the length of each wire is 1/4 operation wavelength, and the diameter of conducting wire is much smaller than operation wavelength, day
The excitation of line is the reversed voltage signal of constant amplitude, is added on two adjacent endpoints among antenna, and antenna centre two is adjacent
Distance between endpoint is much smaller than operation wavelength.Since its current distribution is approximately in flowing, thus obtained antenna along both arms
Its polarization mode is linear polarization, and antenna pattern is a circle on H faces, i.e., has omni-directional on H faces.
Circular polarisation is one of important far field parameter of antenna.Folder between the plane of polarization of radio wave and the earth normal face
Angle is from the variation in 0~360 ° of period, i.e. electric field level is constant, and direction changes over time, and the track of electric field intensity end is vertical
It is a bowlder, referred to as circular polarisation in being projected in the plane of the direction of propagation.Circular polarized antenna has following important properties:1st, exist
The horizontal component and vertical component amplitude of electric field are equal, when phase differs 90 ° or 270 °, can obtain circular polarisation, therefore it has
There is the characteristic for receiving arbitrary linear polarization, be widely used in the fields such as base station, broadcast, radar;2nd, circular polarized antenna be divided into it is left-handed and
Right-handed circular polarization, a certain polarized antenna of rotation direction can only receive the incoming wave of same rotation direction, have very high antijamming capability;3rd, circle
When polarized wave is incident on symmetrical object, rotation direction reverses, therefore can effectively inhibit multipath reflection and interference.
Omni-directional circular polarized antenna is research hotspot in recent years, because its isotropic directivity and circular polarisation are incorporated into a bodily form
It is concerned into the antenna haveing excellent performance.The research for being involved in omni-directional circular polarisation at present mainly has:
【1】X. Quan, R. Li, M. M. Tentzeris, “A Broadband Omnidirectional
Circularly Polarized Antenna,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 61,no. 5,
pp. 2363-2370, May 2013.
【2】B. C. Park and J. H. Lee, “Omnidirectional circularly polarized
antenna utilizing zeroth-order resonance of epsilon negative transmission
line,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 2717-2721, July
2011.
【3】L. Peng, D.R. Jackson, “Circular-polarized compact low-profile
omni-directional antenna,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society
International Symposium (APSURSI), pp. 1472-1473, 2013.
【4】B. C. Park and J. H. Lee, “Dual-Band Omnidirectional Circularly
Polarized Antenna Using Zeroth- and First-Order Modes", IEEE Antennas and
Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 11, pp. 407-410, 2012.
【5】B. Li, S.-W. Liao, Q. Xue, “Omnidirectional Circularly Polarized
Antenna Combining Monopole and Loop Radiators,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless
Propagation Letters, vol. 12, pp. 607-610, 2013.
【6】D. Yu, S.-X. Gong, Y.-T. Wan, Y.-L. Yao, Y.-X. Xu, F.-W. Wang,
“Wideband Omnidirectional Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna Based on Vortex
Slots and Shorting Vias,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 62, no. 8, pp.
3970-3977, Aug. 2014.
【7】D. Yu, S.-X. Gong, Y.-T. Wan, W.-F. Chen, “Omnidirectional dual-
band dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna using TM01 and TM02 modes,”
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 13, pp. 1104-1107, 2014.
Above-mentioned document【1】The side of co-axial hollow cylinder print radiation patch, Circular inner conductor feed, patch by
Four straight-flanked rings are formed by connecting, and each ring cracks gap in different location to be justified with encouraging its travelling wave current so as to generate front and rear double rotational directions
Polarized wave, working frequency 2GHz, obtained axial ratio bandwidth are 39%(1.67-2.47GHz), its radiation side in xz planes
It is omni-directional to figure.Document【2】Zeroth order resonance based on transmission line model(Zero-order resonance, ZOR)Pattern,
Circular patch edge adds four bend arms along clockwise direction, and in patch immediate vicinity, there are four metallic vias, use
To adjust current distribution.Since this structure is using zeroth order mode of resonance, 90 degree of phase shift is itself had, therefore does not need to additional phase
Move network.The antenna obtain entelechy turn to it is left-handed, if adjustment bend arm for counterclockwise distribution, can also form right-handed circular polarization.
Document【3】A kind of omni-directional circular polarized antenna similarly is devised using ZOR principles, with【2】Unlike, the bending of the antenna
Arm is inside circular ring shape patch, and the position distribution of via is in the edge of ring rather than immediate vicinity.Obtained axis ratio is radiating
It is basically stable near 1dB in plane, cross polarization level is than main polarization low at least 10dB, polarization purity height.Document【4】Design
Antenna structure with【2】It is similar, it is added among clockwise bend arm and patch in circular patch outer also with ZOR
Circular polarisation is realized in via synergy.Moreover, which also uses the first rank resonant mode simultaneously(First-
Order resonance, FOR), therefore produce two resonance bands.Document【5】Magnetic dipole and eelctric dipole are generated with electric current loop
Based on son superposition generates circular polarisation, antenna is made on doubling plate, levels respectively have the half of electric current loop, pass through intermediate gold
Belong to through-hole connection, axial ratio bandwidth can reach 17.50%.Document【6】The antenna of design is in vortex shape, if dry plate is such as fan blade
By the structure formed clockwise, the inside edge of every blade is all followed closely with short circuit connects upper and lower surface, by being presented in central coaxial
Electricity encourage and mould by short circuit nail, and the dish-shaped Coaxial-line Probe Exciting of top-loaded monopole subpattern, it is finally available compared with
Wide axial ratio bandwidth, about 60.2%(1.94~3.61GHz)And relative bandwidth is 51.7%(2.11~3.58GHz).
There is above-mentioned document it is found that the prior art is mostly based on using ZOR principles, in primary radiation patch(Generally circular in cross section patch
Piece)Surrounding arranges bend arm with certain putting in order, and metal pin is corresponding in one end far from bend arm, to
Short circuit current.Therefore vertical electric field between metal patch and floor is equivalent to a capacitance, and around the horizontal current of this patch
Inductance is equivalent to, therefore ZOR is equivalent to LC resonance device.Since the Q values of LC resonance device are higher, obtained antenna frequency band is narrow,
If wanting to be widened, need to expand size, sacrifice its miniaturization.And antenna made of the above-mentioned prior art is much using metal nail,
High-order mode is readily incorporated in high-frequency, increases cross polarization level, influences antenna pattern.The day made of ZOR principles
Line when forming array to improve antenna performance, due to mutual coupling, needs additional feeding network to compensate.
Invention content
The present invention provides a novel circular polarisation omnidirectional antenna based on electro magnetic dipole, primary radiation part is whole
Using patch, reactance component is not used, low with section, size is small, easily coplanar to wait miniaturizations advantage, can be real on lamina
The structure of existing structure.
A kind of omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole, including microstrip antenna and support microstrip antenna
Dielectric substrate;The microstrip antenna is included positioned at the first rectangular metal of dielectric substrate upper and lower surface and the second rectangular metal patch
Piece, the first rectangular metal patch and the second rectangular metal patch it is identical for size and in facing each other with parallel relationship,
On the length direction along first and second rectangular metal patch, first and second identical rectangular metal of size is drawn with negative direction respectively
Arm;The first surface of wherein the first rectangular metal patch and the first rectangular metal arm composition dielectric substrate, the second rectangular metal patch
The second surface of piece and the second rectangular metal arm composition dielectric substrate, is connected between first surface and second surface with short-circuit wall,
The height of the short-circuit wall is equal with the thickness of dielectric substrate, and the length of short-circuit wall is equal with first and second rectangular metal patch.
The omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole of the present invention, upper and lower surface are respectively provided with rectangle
Metal arm under the excitation of feed, forms the electric current flowed along its length.And the open architecture between first and second surface is remote
Much smaller than wavelength, formation and tangential electric field can be equivalent to magnetic current source.Due to magnetic current source and the current source distance of rectangular arm formation very
Closely, it is believed that the two is placed in same axial direction, therefore its antenna pattern is omni-directional on a vertical plane.Magnetic current is opposite
90 degree are inherently differed in phase in electric current, therefore does not need to additional phase-shift network and reaches circular polarisation.By current source and magnetic current
The direction in source can obtain this antenna as left-hand circular polarization, if intentionally getting right-handed circular polarization, can exchange rectangular arm up and down,
Remaining remain unchanged can be realized.
Further, the antenna is coaxial single-feed antennas, and coaxial feed point is located at the center in antenna length direction
Place.The feeding classification of the antenna is coaxial single feedback, does not need to additional feeding network, simple and easy.
Further, it is 2.2 that the dielectric substrate, which is dielectric constant, and thickness is the dielectric substrate of 3.4mm.
Further, the coaxial feed point connects patch by sub-miniature A connector, draws coaxial line, realizes feed.
Further, the metal of the first and second rectangular metal patch is copper.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:Omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna of the present invention based on electro magnetic dipole,
Upper and lower surface is respectively provided with rectangular arm, under the excitation of feed, forms the electric current flowed along its length.And between upper and lower surface
Open architecture be far smaller than wavelength, formed with tangential electric field, magnetic current source can be equivalent to.It is formed due to magnetic current source and rectangular arm
Current source is apart from close, it is believed that the two is placed in same axial direction, therefore its antenna pattern is complete on a vertical plane
Tropism.Magnetic current inherently differs 90 degree relative to electric current in phase, therefore does not need to additional phase-shift network and reach circular polarisation.By
The direction of current source and magnetic current source can obtain this antenna as left-hand circular polarization, can be by rectangle if intentionally getting right-handed circular polarization
Arm is exchanged up and down, remaining, which is remained unchanged, can be realized.
The omni-directional entelechy antenna of the present invention has " broadcast type " characteristic, 360 degree of range can be covered on vertical guide, easily
In being extended to aerial array, the circular polarisation omnidirection characteristic of this antenna can realize entelechy in any angle of vertical plane
Change rather than be limited only to the circular polarisation of some angular range, can be widely applied to move to avoid the blind spot in radiation
Communication system and to Anti-amyloid-β antibody.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna the present invention is based on electro magnetic dipole.
Fig. 2 is the physical size structure diagram of antenna described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the S11 Parameter Maps of antenna simulation model described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the input impedance figure of antenna simulation model described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the axis of antenna simulation model described in the embodiment of the present invention than figure.
Fig. 6 is the cross polarization diagram of antenna simulation model described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the 3D antenna patterns of antenna simulation model described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
The first rectangular metals of 1- patch, the second rectangular metals of 2- patch, the first rectangular metals of 3- arm, 4-the second rectangles gold
Belong to arm, 5- short-circuit walls, 6- antenna lengths direction center at.
Such as Fig. 1, a kind of omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole including microstrip antenna and supports micro-
Dielectric substrate with antenna;The microstrip antenna includes the first rectangular metal patch 1 and the positioned at dielectric substrate upper and lower surface
Two rectangular metal patches 2, the first rectangular metal patch 1 and the second rectangular metal patch 2 are identical for size and in mutually just
Pair with parallel relationship, on the length direction along first and second rectangular metal patch, respectively with negative direction draw size it is identical
First and second rectangular metal arm;First table of wherein the first rectangular metal patch 1 and the first rectangular metal arm 3 composition dielectric substrate
The second surface of face, the second rectangular metal patch 2 and the second shape rectangular metal arm 4 composition dielectric substrate, first surface and second
It is connected between surface with short-circuit wall 5, the height of the short-circuit wall 5 is equal with the thickness of dielectric substrate, the length of short-circuit wall 5 and the
First, two rectangular metal patches are equal.The dielectric substrate uses Rogers 5880, dielectric constant 2.2, and thickness is
3.4mm;The metal of first and second rectangular metal patch is copper.
In the present embodiment, the antenna is coaxial single feedback antenna, and coaxial feed point is located in antenna length direction
6 at the heart.The coaxial feed point connects patch by sub-miniature A connector, draws coaxial line and realizes feed;The frequency band of this antenna between
4.87GHz to 5.21GHz.
The first surface of above-mentioned antenna structure is only connected with second surface with a short-circuit wall, which is closed by first
The side that surface and second surface are formed, excess-three side is not added with being closed, in open state.
Such as Fig. 2, first and second metal rectangular arm size is 20.3mm × 3.8mm;Used first and second rectangular metal patch
The size of piece is 40mm × 9.8mm;The axis ratio of antenna in this band is less than 5dB;The 3D antenna patterns of generation are approximation
" wheel " shape, i.e., directional diagram approximation circle in vertical plane.
The specific physical dimensional parameters such as following table of above-mentioned antenna.
Table 1
Parameter | W | L | L_a | W_a | B | d | H |
Size(mm) | 9.8 | 40 | 20.3 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 3.4 |
It is existing at the same realize omni-directional with and the antenna of circular polarisation be mostly based on ZOR principles and build antenna, feeding network is multiple
Miscellaneous, impedance matching difficulty is big, and Q values are big, and antenna frequency band is narrow, is challenged on miniaturization is realized quite big.The present invention using based on electricity/
The omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna of magnetic dipole, the gap in the rectangular arm of upper and lower surface expansion between the electric current and edge that flow
The magnetic current phase of formation differs 90 degree, can be superimposed to form circular polarisation in far field by appropriate adjusting, does not need to additional phase shift
Network.Since primary radiation part is all using patch, low with section, size is small, easily coplanar to wait miniaturizations advantage, in lamina
On the structure of structure can be realized.
Modeling and simulation is carried out to inventive antenna using electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS.It obtains described in example
As shown in figure 3, antenna is less than -10dB impedance bandwidths from 4.87 ~ 5.21GHz, relative bandwidth is about the S11 parameters of antenna emulation
6.8%.The input impedance that can be seen that in operating frequency range from the input impedance figure of Fig. 4 is near 50 ohm, to have
Good matching properties.Axis of the antenna under centre frequency can be obtained than figure, in the vertical plane of Phi=90 degree, Theta from Fig. 5
Value it is more little than influencing on axis, in the plane inner shaft than being respectively less than 3dB, can realize the circular polarisation of arbitrary angle in plane degree.
The cross polarization diagram of antenna is provided by Fig. 6, and GainLHCP at least 15dBs bigger than GainRHCP, therefore the rotation of antenna are found out from way
To for left-hand circular polarization.Finally obtain 3D antenna patterns such as Fig. 7 of the antenna emulation described in example, the direction theoretically obtained
Figure should be shaped like " cake ", but since short-circuit wall can also introduce radiation, therefore occurs secondary lobe on the direction perpendicular to radiator plane.
Simulation result surface, the omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna performance is excellent, and all aspects of the parameters meet antenna index definition, small
Type and powerful circular polarisation, omni-directional feature have outstanding advantages in a particular application.
The embodiment of invention described above, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..It is any in this hair
Made modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements etc. within bright spiritual principles should be included in the claim protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna based on electro magnetic dipole, which is characterized in that including microstrip antenna and support
The dielectric substrate of microstrip antenna;The microstrip antenna includes the first rectangular metal patch and the positioned at dielectric substrate upper and lower surface
Two rectangular metal patches, the first rectangular metal patch and the second rectangular metal patch it is identical for size and in facing each other and
Parallel relationship on the length direction along first and second rectangular metal patch, draws identical the of size with negative direction respectively
First, two rectangular metal arm;The first surface of wherein the first rectangular metal patch and the first rectangular metal arm composition dielectric substrate, the
Two rectangular metal patches and the second rectangular metal arm composition dielectric substrate second surface, between first surface and second surface with
Short-circuit wall connects, and the height of the short-circuit wall is equal with the thickness of dielectric substrate, the length of short-circuit wall and first and second rectangular metal
Patch is equal;
The antenna is coaxial single-feed antennas, and coaxial feed point is located at the center in antenna length direction.
2. the omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna according to claim 1 based on electro magnetic dipole, which is characterized in that institute
It is 2.2 that state dielectric substrate, which be dielectric constant, and thickness is the dielectric substrate of 3.4mm.
3. the omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna according to claim 1 based on electro magnetic dipole, which is characterized in that institute
It states coaxial feed point and patch is connected by sub-miniature A connector, draw coaxial line and realize feed.
4. the omni-directional circular polarization plane antenna according to claim 3 based on electro magnetic dipole, which is characterized in that institute
The metal for stating first and second rectangular metal patch is copper.
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CN106252861B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆大学 | Electrically faceted huygens source antenna |
CN107069205B (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2023-07-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Novel broadband low-profile circularly polarized electromagnetic dipole antenna |
CN107634317A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2018-01-26 | 中山大学 | A kind of magnetic-dipole antenna of high-gain omnidirectional radiation |
CN107808998B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2020-06-05 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Multi-polarization radiation oscillator and antenna |
CN108306113B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2020-04-03 | 广州瀚信通信科技股份有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna based on magnetic current |
CN209487708U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-10-11 | 瑞声光电科技(苏州)有限公司 | Omnidirectional antenna and electronic equipment |
CN111029742B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2022-03-01 | 中山大学 | Broadband high-gain microstrip magnetic dipole antenna |
CN113285209A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-20 | 宁波大学 | Small mobile terminal antenna supporting dual-mode coexistence |
CN115566420B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-09-29 | 东莞理工学院 | Omnidirectional circularly polarized inverted-F antenna |
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