CN105047992B - Electrolyte and the lithium ion battery including the electrolyte - Google Patents
Electrolyte and the lithium ion battery including the electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN105047992B CN105047992B CN201510430207.7A CN201510430207A CN105047992B CN 105047992 B CN105047992 B CN 105047992B CN 201510430207 A CN201510430207 A CN 201510430207A CN 105047992 B CN105047992 B CN 105047992B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
This application involves a kind of electrolyte and the lithium ion battery including the electrolyte, wherein, electrolyte includes lithium salts, solvent and additive, wherein, the additive includes phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride and 1,3 propene sultones.Particularly, the content of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is the 0.01%~5% of the gross weight of electrolyte, and the content of 1,3 propene sultone is the 0.01%~5% of the gross weight of electrolyte.The electrolyte that the application is provided is applied in lithium ion battery, it is possible to increase the multiplying power charging performance and high temperature cyclic performance of lithium ion battery, while analysis lithium phenomenon can be greatly reduced.In addition, the lithium ion battery that the application provides has excellent chemical property.
Description
Technical field
This application involves technical field of lithium ion, and in particular, to a kind of electrolyte and including the electrolyte
Lithium ion battery.
Background technology
In the information age of rapid development, increase year by year with the demand of the electronic products such as mobile phone, notebook, camera,
The corresponding demand used in lithium ion battery therein is consequently increased.Further, since the continuous development of lithium ion battery, it is in electricity
Also active development has got up for application in the fields such as electrical automobile, hybrid vehicle, energy storage device.
Working power of the lithium ion battery as electronic product, has energy density height, memory-less effect, operating voltage height
The features such as, just progressively substituting traditional Ni-Cd, MH-Ni battery.However, carried with the continuous of energy density of lithium ion battery
Height, current material system have run into bottleneck, then develop the lithium ion battery of fast charging and discharging and can faster meet user demand.
But during quick impulse electricity, the cycle performance of lithium ion battery can be seriously affected.
Therefore, the comprehensive performance of lithium ion battery can be improved it is urgent to provide a kind of electrolyte now, such as charged
High rate performance, high temperature cyclic performance and reduction analysis lithium phenomenon etc..
The content of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the applicant has carried out sharp study, it turns out that：Include phosphoric acid cyclic anhydride class chemical combination
The electrolyte of thing and 1,3- propene sultone, it is possible to increase the chemical property of lithium ion battery, for example, improving lithium ion
The rate of charge performance and high temperature cyclic performance of battery, while the analysis lithium phenomenon of lithium ion battery at low temperature is alleviated, from
And complete the application.
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of electrolyte, including lithium salts, solvent and additive, wherein, the additive
Including phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone.
Particularly, one or more of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride in the compound shown in following formula I：
Wherein,
R1、R2、R3Be each independently selected from carbon number be 1~20 alkyl, carbon number be 6~18 aryl,
One kind in hydrogen atom.
The another object of the application be to provide a kind of lithium ion battery, including positive plate, negative plate, lithium battery diaphragm with
And the electrolyte that the application provides.
The electrolyte that the application provides, can not only improve the stability of lithium ion cell positive, and can improve lithium
The chemical property of ion battery, for example, the rate of charge performance and high temperature cyclic performance of lithium ion battery, while subtract significantly
The analysis lithium phenomenon of few lithium ion battery.
Embodiment
It is described in detail below by the application, will becomes more with these explanations with advantage the characteristics of the application
To be clear, clear and definite.
The purpose of the application is to provide a kind of electrolyte, including lithium salts, solvent and additive, wherein, the additive
Including phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone.
In this application, the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is the compound containing group shown in following formula 1, wherein,
Short-term on each phosphorus atoms represents the singly-bound for losing and being formed after atom or atomic group.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the specific species of the cyclic phosphate ring compound anhydride is not particularly limited, can
Modified on group according to the arbitrary substituent of actual conditions selection in formula 1.
In a preferred embodiment, one kind in the compound shown in following formula I of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride or
It is a variety of.
In above-mentioned formula I, R1、R2、R3It is each independently the alkyl for being 1~20 selected from carbon number, carbon number is
One kind in 6~18 aryl, hydrogen atom.
In above-mentioned formula I, R1、R2、R3Respective independent and any above-mentioned mentioned group of selection, particularly, R1、R2、
R3All same.
Work as R1、R2、R3When being each independently selected from alkyl of the carbon number for 1~20, the specific species of alkyl is simultaneously
Do not limited specifically, chain alkyl and cyclic alkane base, can make choice according to the actual requirements.Particularly, select
Select branched alkane alkyl, cyclic alkane base.
In a preferred embodiment, select carbon number be 1~10 alkyl, it is further preferred that selection carbon original
Subnumber is 1~6 alkyl.
As the example of alkyl, can specifically enumerate：Methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, normal-butyl,
Isobutyl group, sec-butyl, the tert-butyl group, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, cyclopenta, n-hexyl, isohesyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, ring
Heptyl, octyl group, cyclooctyl, nonyl, decyl, hendecane alkyl, dodecane alkyl, tridecane alkyl, tetradecane alkyl, pentadecane
Alkyl, hexadecane alkyl, heptadecane alkyl, octadecane alkyl, nonadecane alkyl, eicosane alkyl.
Work as R1、R2、R3When being each independently the aryl that carbon number is 6~18, the specific species of aryl is not special
Limitation, can make choice according to the actual requirements.Particularly, aryl is phenyl, benzene alkyl, condensed-nuclei aromatics base.
In a preferred embodiment, select carbon number be 6~14 aryl, it is further preferred that select carbon atom
Number is 6~9 aryl.
As the implementation of aryl, can specifically enumerate：
In a preferred embodiment, R1、R2、R3It is each independently selected from alkyl of the carbon number for 1~10, carbon
Aryl that atomicity is 6~14, one kind in hydrogen atom.
In further preferred embodiment, R1、R2、R3It is each independently selected from the alkane that carbon number is 1~6
One kind in condensed-nuclei aromatics base that aryl that base, carbon number are 6~9, carbon number are 10~14, hydrogen atom.
In embodiment still more preferably, R1、R2、R3Be each independently selected from carbon number be 1~6 it is straight
Cyclic alkane base that branched alkane alkyl that chain alkyl, carbon number are 3~6, carbon number are 5~6, phenyl, carbon atom
Count the benzene alkyl for 7~9, one kind in hydrogen atom.
In this application, linear paraffin base is the chain alkyl for not containing side chain.
As the example of the compound shown in formula I, can specifically enumerate：
In this application, the source of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is not exposed to specific limitation, commercially available, can also
It is prepared by conventional synthetic method.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the content of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is not particularly limited, can be according to reality
Demand makes choice.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride for electrolyte gross weight 0.01~
5%.It has been investigated that if phosphoric acid cyclic anhydride kind compound content is too low, after applying in lithium ion battery, lithium-ion electric can be caused
The high rate performance in pond declines, and increases the appearance of analysis lithium phenomenon, if phosphoric acid cyclic anhydride kind compound content is too high, electrolyte institute shape
Into solid electrolyte interface film (solid electrolyte interface, abbreviation SEI) stability it is poor, can cause to drop
The high temperature cyclic performance of low lithium ion battery, in addition, phosphoric acid cyclic anhydride kind compound content is high, can also cause the solid electrolytic to be formed
Matter interfacial film is thicker, can cause the high rate performance of lithium ion battery to reduce, and increases the appearance of analysis lithium phenomenon.
Particularly, the content of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is preferably the 0.05~3.0% of the gross weight of electrolyte, further
, the content of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is preferably the 0.1~2% of the gross weight of electrolyte.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, 1, the 3- propene sultones are as shown in following formula 2：
In this application, the source of 1,3- propene sultones is not exposed to specific limitation, commercially available, can also
It is prepared by conventional synthetic method.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the content of 1,3- propene sultone is not particularly limited, can be according to the actual requirements
Make choice.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of 1,3- propene sultones is the 0.01~5% of the gross weight of electrolyte.
It has been investigated that if 1,3- propene sultone content is too low, electrolyte cannot form complete film in anode surface, so that not
Anode can be effectively protected, and causes to reduce high-temperature lithium ion battery cycle performance, if 1,3- propene sultone content is too high,
So that electrolyte forms thicker film in anode surface, the high rate performance of lithium ion battery is caused to decline, while increase lithium ion
The analysis lithium performance of battery.
Particularly, the content of 1,3- propene sultones is preferably the 0.01~2.0% of the gross weight of electrolyte, further
, the content of 1,3- propene sultone is preferably the 0.01~1% of the gross weight of electrolyte, further, 1,3- propylene
The content of sultones is preferably the 0.1~0.5% of the gross weight of electrolyte.
Study and find through the applicant, in the electrolytic solution at the same time containing in phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sulfonic acid
During ester, both are applied in combination can be so that electrolyte forms stable solid electrolyte interface film on the surface of anode, by the electricity
Solution liquid is applied in lithium ion battery, can improve the rate of charge performance and high temperature cyclic performance of lithium ion battery at the same time, and
And greatly reduce the analysis lithium phenomenon of lithium ion battery.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the specific species of lithium salts is not particularly limited, and can be made choice according to the actual requirements.
In a preferred embodiment, the lithium salts is the one or more in following compounds：LiPF6、LiBF4、
Li(N(SO2F)2(being abbreviated as LiFSI), LiN (CF3SO2)2(being abbreviated as LiTFSI), LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiB(C2O4)2(letter
Be written as LiBOB), LiBF2(C2O4) (being abbreviated as LiDFOB), LiN (SO2RF)2、LiN(SO2F)(SO2RF), wherein, RF=-
CnF2n+1, wherein ,-CnF2n+1Represent the perfluoroalkyl of saturation, n is 1~10, and particularly, n is 1~3, such as RFCan enumerate-
CF3、-C2F5、-CF2CF2CF3。
It has been investigated that above-mentioned mentioned lithium salts is selected, can after being applied in combination with the additive that the application is previously mentioned
The rate of charge performance and high temperature cyclic performance of lithium ion battery are further lifted, and further reduces analysis lithium phenomenon.
It is further preferred that one or more of the lithium salts in following compounds：LiPF6、LiBF4、LiB
(C2O4)2、LiBF2(C2O4)、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、LiN(SO2F)(SO2CF3)、LiN(SO2F)(SO2C2F5)。
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the content of the lithium salts is not particularly limited, and can be made choice according to the actual requirements
Addition.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of lithium salts for so that the molar concentration of lithium salts in the electrolytic solution be 0.5~
2mol/L.If the molar concentration of lithium salts is too low, can cause the conductivity of electrolyte to reduce, thus further influence whole lithium from
The high rate performance and cycle performance of sub- battery, if the molar concentration of lithium salts is excessive, the viscosity of electrolyte is excessive, can also cause whole
The high rate performance and cycle performance of a lithium ion battery reduce.Particularly, the content of lithium salts is to cause lithium salts in the electrolytic solution
Molar concentration is 0.9~1.3mol/L.
In this application, the specific species of solvent is not particularly limited, and can be made choice according to the actual requirements.Especially
, solvent selects the one or more in non-aqueous organic solvent.
As the example of non-aqueous organic solvent, can specifically enumerate：Ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate,
Diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, butyric acid first
Ester, ethyl acetate, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N-METHYLFORMAMIDE, N- methylacetamides, acetonitrile,
Sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycol sulfite, sulfurous acid Asia propyl ester, methyl sulfide, sulfurous acid diethyl ester, dimethyl sulfite,
Thiophane, fluoroethylene carbonate, propane sultone, ethyl sulfate.
The another object of the application is to provide a kind of lithium ion battery, including positive plate, negative plate, lithium battery diaphragm and
Electrolyte, wherein, electrolyte is the electrolyte that the application provides.
In above-mentioned lithium ion battery, the positive plate include plus plate current-collecting body and on the plus plate current-collecting body just
Pole active slurry layer, wherein, the positive-active pulp layer includes positive electrode active materials, cathode bonding agent and positive conductive agent；
The negative plate includes negative current collector and the negative electrode active pulp layer on the negative current collector, wherein, the anode
Active slurry layer includes negative active core-shell material, anode bonding agent and cathode conductive agent.Wherein, plus plate current-collecting body, positive-active material
Material, positive electrode binder, positive conductive agent, negative current collector, negative active core-shell material, negative electrode binder, cathode conductive agent it is specific
Species is not limited specifically, can be made choice according to demand.
In a preferred embodiment, the positive electrode active materials are in cobalt acid lithium and lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt ternary material
It is one or more.
In a preferred embodiment, one or more of the negative active core-shell material in graphite and silicon, wherein, silicon
It may be selected from one kind in nano silicon particles, silicon nanowires, nano-tube, silicon thin film, 3D loose structures silicon and hollow porous silicon
Or it is a variety of, but it is not limited to above-mentioned enumerated silicon.
In above-mentioned electrolyte, the specific species of the lithium battery diaphragm is not exposed to specific limitation, can be selected lithium from
Any conventional lithium battery diaphragm material used in sub- battery, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, Kynoar and above-mentioned poly- second
Alkene, polypropylene, the multilayer complex films of Kynoar, but it is not limited to above-mentioned enumerated lithium battery diaphragm material.
The preparation method for the lithium ion battery that the application provides is well known in the present art, can be by existing lithium ion
Battery preparation method manufactures lithium ion battery provided herein.
Embodiment
The application is further described below by way of instantiation.But these examples are only exemplary, not to this
The protection domain of application forms any restrictions.
In following embodiments, comparative example and test example, reagent, material and the instrument used be not such as special
Explanation, it is commercially available.
In following experimental examples, comparative example and test example, used material is as follows：
Solvent：Ethylene carbonate (referred to as EC), diethyl carbonate (referred to as DEC).
Phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride：
Lithium salts：LiPF6、LiBF4、Li(N(SO2F)2(being abbreviated as LiFSI), LiN (CF3SO2)2(being abbreviated as LiTFSI),
LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiB(C2O4)2(being abbreviated as LiBOB), LiBF2(C2O4) (being abbreviated as LiDFOB), LiN (SO2CF3)2、LiN
(SO2C2F5)2、LiN(SO2F)(SO2CF3)、LiN(SO2F)(SO2C2F5)。
Lithium battery diaphragm：16 microns thick of polypropylene isolation film (model A273, is provided by Celgard companies).
One electrolyte 1 of embodiment#~20#Preparation
Electrolyte 1#~20#Prepared by the following method：
In drying shed, after the EC and DEC of rectifying and dewatering purification process are mixed, lithium salts is added, then adds phosphorus
Sour ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, mixing is equal, obtains electrolyte, wherein, the additive amount of EC and DEC are to make
It is EC to obtain EC and DEC volume ratios:DEC=3:7, the additive amount of lithium salts is so that the molar concentration of lithium salts in the electrolytic solution is
1mol/L。
During above-mentioned preparation, specific species, the specific species of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride of used lithium salts
And its dosage and the dosage of 1,3- propene sultone it is as shown in table 1 below, wherein, the dosage of phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride be based on
The percetage by weight that the gross weight of electrolyte is calculated, the dosage of 1,3- propene sultone is the gross weight based on electrolyte
Amount percetage by weight be calculated.
Table 1
The preparation of comparative example electrolyte 1~2
Electrolyte 1~2 is prepared by the following method：
Method according to being provided in embodiment prepares electrolyte 1~2, wherein, phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is added when different
It is constant with 1,3- propene sultones, remaining addition.
During above-mentioned electrolyte 1~2 is prepared, the specific species of used lithium salts, phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride
Specific species and its dosage and 1,3- propene sultone dosage it is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
Note：It is considered as at the acceptance of the bid "-" of table 2 and does not choose any phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride.
Test example
The preparation of lithium ion battery
Prepare lithium ion battery 1 respectively as steps described below#~20#, lithium ion battery 1~2：
(1) prepared by positive plate
By cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO2), binding agent (Kynoar), conductive agent (acetylene black) is according to mass ratio 98:1:1 is mixed
Close, add 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), stirred under de-airing mixer effect to system into transparent and homogeneous shape, obtain cathode
Slurry；Anode sizing agent is evenly applied on the aluminium foil that thickness is 12 μm；Aluminium foil is transferred to 120 DEG C of baking ovens after room temperature is dried
Dry 1h, then obtains positive plate by cold pressing, cutting.
(2) prepared by negative plate
By graphite, thickener sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution, binding agent SBR emulsion according to mass ratio 98:
1:1 mixing, after being added to deionized water solvent, cathode size is obtained under the stirring action of de-airing mixer stirring；By anode
Slurry is coated uniformly on the copper foil that thickness is 8 μm；Copper foil is transferred to 120 DEG C of oven drying 1h after room temperature is dried, then
Negative plate is obtained by being cold-pressed, cutting.
(3) preparation of lithium ion battery
Positive plate, negative plate and lithium battery diaphragm are wound, outsourcing aluminum plastic film, inject electrolyte, sealing, through quiet
Put, hot cold pressing, chemical conversion, fixture, the process such as partial volume, acquisition lithium ion battery.
Performance test
(1) the high rate performance test of lithium ion battery
By lithium ion battery 1#~20#And lithium ion battery 1~2 respectively carries out following tests：
By lithium ion battery with 0.5C constant-current discharges to 3.0V, shelve 10min, then respectively with 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C,
3C constant-current charges are to by voltage 4.35V.The charging capacity under the conditions of 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 3C is recorded, based under 0.2C
Charging capacity, the charging capacity conservation rate being calculated under different multiplying (15 batteries are made in repetition, take its average value).Wherein,
The multiplying power charging performance test data of selected electrolyte and each lithium ion battery is referring to table in each lithium ion battery
3。
Table 3
It can be learnt from above-mentioned table 3：The electrolyte 1~2 provided in comparative example, due to containing phosphorus during difference in electrolyte
Sour ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after being applied in lithium ion battery, the different multiplying of lithium ion battery
Charging capacity conservation rate is relatively low, thus, it is possible to learn, the multiplying power charging performance of lithium ion battery is poor.
It can be learnt by carrying out contrast with comparative example：The electrolyte provided in embodiment, due to same in electrolyte
When include phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after applying in lithium ion battery, hence it is evident that improve lithium
Charging capacity conservation rate of the ion battery under different multiplying, thus, it is possible to learn, the electrolyte provided by the application is applied to
After in lithium ion battery, the multiplying power charging performance of lithium ion battery significantly improves.
(2) 12 DEG C of analysis lithium performance tests
By lithium ion battery 1#~20#And lithium ion battery 1~2 respectively carries out following tests：
At 12 DEG C, lithium ion battery is charged to 4.35V with 1.5C constant current/constant voltages, it is permanent with 0.5C after shelving 10min
Stream is discharged to by voltage 3.0V, and after being circulated 10 weeks by above-mentioned condition, lithium ion battery is charged to 1.5C constant current/constant voltages
4.35V, then disassembles battery, and whether observation anode of lithium ion battery interface analyses lithium (every group of 5 batteries).Wherein, each lithium from
The test result of selected electrolyte and each lithium ion battery is as shown in table 4 in sub- battery.
Table 4
It can be learnt from above-mentioned table 4：The electrolyte 1~2 provided in comparative example, due to containing phosphorus during difference in electrolyte
Sour ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after being applied in lithium ion battery, lithium ion battery occurs serious
Analyse lithium phenomenon.
It can be learnt by contrast：The electrolyte provided in embodiment, due to including phosphoric acid at the same time in electrolyte
Ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after applying in lithium ion battery, greatly reduce the analysis of lithium ion battery
Lithium phenomenon, thus, it is possible to learn, selects the analysis lithium situation of the lithium ion battery of the electrolyte of the application offer significantly to be changed
It is kind.
(3) 45 DEG C of loop tests of lithium ion battery
By lithium ion battery 1#~20#And lithium ion battery 1~2 respectively carries out following tests：
At 45 DEG C, by lithium ion battery, with 1C constant-current charges to 4.35V, then constant-voltage charge to electric current is 0.05C,
Again with 1C constant-current discharges to 3.0V, at this time to circulate first, according to above-mentioned condition carry out repeatedly circulation be calculated respectively lithium from
Capacity retention ratio after sub- circulating battery 50 times, 100 times, 200 times and 300 times, wherein, under the capacity retention ratio after circulation is selected
Formula is calculated.In each lithium ion battery the relevant test data of selected electrolyte and each lithium ion battery referring to
Table 5.
Capacity retention ratio after circulation=(discharge capacity after corresponding cycle-index/first discharge capacity) × 100%
Table 5
It can be learnt from above-mentioned table 5：The electrolyte 1~2 provided in comparative example, due to containing phosphorus during difference in electrolyte
Sour ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after being applied in lithium ion battery, at 45 DEG C, lithium ion battery circulation
After 50 times, 100 times, 200 times, 300 times, capacity retention ratio is relatively low, thus, it is possible to learn, the high temperature circulation of lithium ion battery
Can be poor.
It can be learnt by contrast：The electrolyte provided in embodiment, due to including phosphoric acid at the same time in electrolyte
Ring compound anhydride and 1,3- propene sultone, after applying in lithium ion battery, hence it is evident that improve lithium ion battery 45
At DEG C, the capacity retention ratio after circulating 50 times, 100 times, 200 times, 300 times, thus, it is possible to learn, selects what the application provided
Electrolyte, after being applied in lithium ion battery, the high temperature cyclic performance of lithium ion battery is significantly improved.
The announcement of book according to the above description, the application those skilled in the art can also carry out the above embodiment
Appropriate change and modification.Therefore, the application is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, to the application's
Some modifications and changes should also be as falling into the protection domain of claims hereof.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. electrolyte, it is characterised in that including lithium salts, solvent and additive, wherein, the additive includes phosphoric acid cyclic anhydride Class compound and 1,3- propene sultone；One or more of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride in the compound shown in following formula I：Wherein,R1、R2、R3It is former to be each independently the alkyl for being 1~20 selected from carbon number, the aryl that carbon number is 6~18, hydrogen One kind in son；The content of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is the 0.01~5% of the gross weight of electrolyte；The content of 1, the 3- propene sultones is the 0.01~5% of the gross weight of electrolyte.
- 2. electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that R1、R2、R3It is 1 to be each independently selected from carbon number One kind in~10 alkyl, the aryl that carbon number is 6~14, hydrogen atom.
- 3. electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the content of the phosphoric acid ring compound anhydride is electrolyte Gross weight 0.05~3.0%.
- 4. electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the lithium salts in following compounds one kind or It is a variety of：LiPF6、LiBF4、LiN(SO2F)2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiB(C2O4)2、LiBF2(C2O4)、LiN (SO2F)(SO2RF), wherein, RF=CnF2n+1, n=1~10.
- 5. electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the molar concentration of the lithium salts in the electrolytic solution is 0.5 ~2mol/L.
- 6. electrolyte according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the solvent is selected from ethylene carbonate, polypropylene carbonate Ester, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, methyl formate, Ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, third Propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl acetate, succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N-METHYLFORMAMIDE, N- methyl Acetamide, acetonitrile, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycol sulfite, sulfurous acid Asia propyl ester, methyl sulfide, sulfurous acid diethyl ester, One or more in dimethyl sulfite, thiophane, fluoroethylene carbonate, propane sultone and ethyl sulfate.
- A kind of 7. lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that including positive plate, negative plate, lithium battery diaphragm and by claim 1~ 6 any one of them electrolyte.
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| CN105390742A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-03-09 | 石家庄圣泰化工有限公司 | High-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107331893B (en) | 2016-04-29 | 2020-03-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | High-temperature lithium ion battery electrolyte, preparation method thereof and high-temperature lithium ion battery |
| CN107516745B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-09-03 | 中节能万润股份有限公司 | A kind of non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium ion cell |
| KR102527618B1 (en) * | 2018-02-16 | 2023-05-03 | 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Electrolyte, electrochemical device, lithium ion secondary battery and module |
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| CN104638293A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-20 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | High-compaction-density cathode lithium ion battery and electrolyte |
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| CN102231441A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-11-02 | 华南师范大学 | Sulfur-containing electrolyte with film forming function for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103779607A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-07 | 中南大学 | Electrolyte solution and lithium-ion secondary battery |
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