CN105046095B

CN105046095B - The evaluation method that ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment

Info

Publication number: CN105046095B
Application number: CN201510542161.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓旭; 姚红志; 史宝童; 黄嫚; 刘昭; 董长松; 王涛
Original assignee: CCCC First Highway Consultants Co Ltd
Current assignee: CCCC First Highway Consultants Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-08-28
Filing date: 2015-08-28
Publication date: 2018-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2035-08-28
Also published as: CN105046095A

Abstract

The invention discloses the evaluation method that a kind of ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, extend longitudinally direction and institute's construction tunnel is divided into multiple tunnel sections, groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation is carried out respectively to the work progress of multiple tunnel sections；When carrying out groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation to the work progress of any one tunnel section, including step：First, Disturbance evaluation index determines：Three class groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation indexs during the tunnel segmental construction are determined respectively；2nd, Disturbance evaluation index grade determines；3rd, Disturbance evaluation index degree of membership determines；4th, Disturbance evaluation index subjectivity weight calculation；5th, Disturbance evaluation index objective weight calculates；6th, Disturbance evaluation indicator combination weight calculation；7th, fuzzy overall evaluation.The inventive method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, using effect is good, and energy is easy, progress accurate evaluation is quickly disturbed to groundwater environment to constructing tunnel process.

Description

The evaluation method that ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment

Technical field

The invention belongs to tunnel groundwater environmental evaluation technical field, more particularly, to a kind of ecological sensitive areas vcehicular tunnel The evaluation method constructed to groundwater environment disturbance.

Background technology

Ecological sensitive areas refers to those to human being's production, life activity with specific sensibility or with potential natural calamity Influence, being highly prone to artificial improper development activities influences and produce the area of ecological negative effect.Constructing tunnel is (especially long Big constructing tunnel) trigger largely disturb and destroy the problems such as gushing draining, surface collapse, environmental pollution, vegetation deterioration The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of the ecosystem, threaten ground water regime health.Therefore, the sustainable development of tunnel construction is realized, just The relation between engineering construction demand and Eco-environmental Carrying Capacity must be coordinated, realize engineering construction development by demand orientation type and Transformation of the efficiency guidance type to ecological environment guidance type, realize the Ecological Development of Tunnel Engineering.Understanding and grasping evaluation area On the basis of groundwater environment present situation, identified by Effects on Engineering factor, the important water environment Discontinuous Factors that may relate to from Generally integrate, qualitative or quantitative analysis is carried out to underground water environmental impact, ecological sensitive areas constructing tunnel is established and causes Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation index system, prediction tunnel construction to the influence degree of groundwater environment, reasonably control tunnel Road water yield, so as to prevent because engineering construction causes the deterioration of the ecological environment, for evaluation constructing tunnel process to groundwater environment Level of disruption, scope, instruct constructing tunnel, protection Sui Zhi areas surface environment, optimized integration Facilities Construction and social economy, Coordination Development Between Eco-environment has great importance.Thus, it need to design that a kind of method and step is simple, reasonable in design and realization side Just, the evaluation method that the good ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction of using effect disturbs to groundwater environment, can be easy, quick right Constructing tunnel process disturbs to groundwater environment and carries out accurate evaluation, to reach to influence journey of the tunnel construction to groundwater environment Degree carries out the purpose of Accurate Prediction.

The content of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is sensitive to provide a kind of ecology The evaluation method that area's highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, its method and step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, makes Good with effect, energy is easy, progress accurate evaluation is quickly disturbed to groundwater environment to constructing tunnel process.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction To the evaluation method of groundwater environment disturbance, it is characterised in that：Extend longitudinally direction and institute's construction tunnel is divided into multiple tunnels Road section, groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation is carried out respectively to the work progress of multiple tunnel sections, all tunnel sections The groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation method all same of work progress；Underground water ring is carried out to the work progress of any one tunnel section During the Disturbance evaluation of border, comprise the following steps：

Step 1: Disturbance evaluation index determines：Three class groundwater environments disturbance during the tunnel segmental construction is commented Valency index is determined respectively；Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation index described in three classes is respectively C1, C2 and C3, and C1, C2 and C3 divide Wei not geographical Meteorological Change Disturbance evaluation index, hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index and Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index；

Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation index described in three classes includes 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs；Wherein, geographical Meteorological Change is disturbed It is respectively C that dynamic evaluation index, which includes 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs and 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs,₁1、C₁2、C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5, C₁1、 C₁2、C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5 be respectively that the average annual rainfall of construction area, annual mean ground temperature, precipitation residing for the tunnel section enter Ooze coefficient, Surface reservoir and lake scale and earth's surface catchment area；Hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index includes 6 Disturbance evaluations Index and 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs are respectively C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6, C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6 difference Head pressure, ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development degree, groundwater level depth, underground water are pushed up for the formation lithology of the tunnel section, hole Chemical type and rock permeability；Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index includes 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs and 6 Disturbance evaluations refer to Mark is respectively C₃1、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4、C₃5 and C₃6, C₃1、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4、C₃5 and C₃6 be respectively the tunnel section with ecology Sensitizing range hydraulic connection, Tunnel Seepage, length of tunnel, tunnel maximum buried depth, water fathering paragraph ratio and method for tunnel construction； Wherein, water fathering paragraph ratio is that the total length of water fathering section in the tunnel section accounts for the ratio of the tunnel section total length；

17 Disturbance evaluation indexs include 11 quantitative targets and 6 qualitative indexes；11 quantitative targets are respectively C₁1、C₁2、C₁3、C₁4、C₁5、C₂2、C₂4、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4 and C₃5；6 qualitative indexes are respectively C₂1、C₂3、C₂5、C₂6、 C₃1 and C₃6；

Wherein, when being determined to 11 quantitative targets, the numerical value of each quantitative target is determined respectively；It is right C₂1 when being determined, and according to the country rock composition of the tunnel section, the country rock species of the tunnel section is determined；To C₂6 enter When row determines, by determining the infiltration coefficient of the tunnel section country rock, the water penetration degree of strength of the tunnel section country rock is entered Row determines；To C₃1 when being determined, the spacing L according to residing for the tunnel section between construction area and ecological sensitive areas, to this Tunnel section and the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are determined, and spacing L numerical value is bigger, the tunnel section with Ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is weaker；To C₃6 when being determined, to the N type tunnels used during the tunnel segmental construction The excavation length ratio of road excavation construction method is determined respectively, wherein the excavation length of each type tunnel excavation construction method Degree ratio accounts for the ratio of the tunnel section total length for the excavation length of the type tunnel excavation construction method；Wherein N is just whole The excavation length ratio of n type tunnel excavation construction method in number and 1≤N≤5, N type tunnel excavation construction method It is denoted as W_n, n be positive integer and n=1,2 ..., N；

Step 2: Disturbance evaluation index grade determines：It is right according to Disturbance evaluation index grading standard set in advance The grade of 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs is determined respectively determined by step 1；

17 Disturbance evaluation indexs are divided into five grades according to the degree of strength disturbed to groundwater environment, and five The individual grade is respectively grade I, II, III, IV and V；Wherein, grade I represents that level of disruption is weak and its numbering is 1, grade II represents that level of disruption is that weaker and its numbering is 2, and grade III represents that level of disruption is medium and its numbering is 3, the table of grade IV Show that level of disruption is relatively strong and its numbering is 4, grade V represents that level of disruption is strong and its numbering is 5；

Wherein, to C₃When 6 grade is determined, the N types tunnel used during the tunnel segmental construction is opened The grade of cut construction method is determined respectively；

Step 3: Disturbance evaluation index degree of membership determines：To identified 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs in step 1 Degree of membership be determined respectively, and obtain three subordinated-degree matrix R₁、R₂And R₃；

Wherein, subordinated-degree matrix R₁Subordinated-degree matrix for geographical Meteorological Change Disturbance evaluation index and its be 5 × 5 matrixes； Subordinated-degree matrixSubordinated-degree matrix R₁The i-th row jth column element be denoted as r_ij, r_ijFor geographical meteorology The degree of membership for the grade that i-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in class Disturbance evaluation index；Wherein i be positive integer and i=1, 2nd, 3,4,5, j is positive integer and j=1,2,3,4,5；

Subordinated-degree matrix R₂For hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix and its be 6 × 5 matrixes；Degree of membership square Battle arraySubordinated-degree matrix R₂Pth row jth column element be denoted as R_pj, R_pjDisturbed for hydrogeological class The degree of membership for the grade that p-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in evaluation index；Wherein p be positive integer and p=1,2,3,4, 5、6；

Subordinated-degree matrix R₃For Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix and its be 6 × 5 matrixes；Degree of membership square Battle arraySubordinated-degree matrix R₃Pth row jth column element be denoted as R'_pj, R'_pjFor Tunnel Engineering The degree of membership for the grade that p-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in class Disturbance evaluation index；

When being determined to the degrees of membership of 11 quantitative targets determined by step 1, trapezoidal profile is first used Membership function is determined, the degree of membership for the grade that membership function determined by recycling is j to numbering to each quantitative target is entered Row calculates；

To C₂When 1 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂1 grade is determined, R_1m=1 and R_1m'=0；Wherein, m is positive integer and m is identified C in step 2₂1 Grade numbers；M' is positive integer, m'=1, 2nd ..., 5 and m' ≠ m；

To C₂When 3 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂3 grade is determined, R_2c=1 and R_2c'=0；Wherein, c is positive integer and c is identified C in step 2₂3 Grade numbers；C' is positive integer, c'=1, 2nd ..., 5 and c' ≠ c；

To C₂When 5 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂5 grade is determined, R_5h=1 and R_5h'=0；Wherein, h is positive integer and h is identified C in step 2₂5 Grade numbers；H' is positive integer, h'=1, 2nd ..., 5 and h' ≠ h；

To C₂When 6 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂6 grade is determined, R_6k=1 and R_6k'=0；Wherein, k is positive integer and k is identified C in step 2₂6 Grade numbers；K' is positive integer, k'=1, 2nd ..., 5 and k' ≠ k；

To C₃When 1 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₃1 grade is determined, R'_1b=1 And R'_1b'=0；Wherein, b is positive integer and b is identified C in step 2₃1 Grade numbers；B' is positive integer, b'=1, 2nd ..., 5 and b' ≠ b；

To C₃When 6 degree of membership is determined, according to identified N types tunnel excavation construction method in step 2 Grade is determined；R'_6n=W_n, W_nFor the excavation length ratio of the n type tunnel excavation construction method determined in step 1 Example；R'_6n'=0, n' are positive integer, n'=1,2 ..., 5 and n' ≠ n；

Step 4: Disturbance evaluation index subjectivity weight calculation：Subjective weight point using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to C1, C2 and C3 Do not calculated；Wherein, C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight are denoted as w respectively₁、w₂And w₃；Meanwhile using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in C1 The subjective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs is counted respectively in 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs and C3 in 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs, C2 Calculate；Wherein, the subjective weight of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs is denoted as w respectively in C1₁1、w₁2、w₁3、w₁4 and w₁6 disturbances are commented in 5, C2 The subjective weight of valency index is denoted as w respectively₂1、w₂2、w₂3、w₂4、w₂5 and w₂The subjective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in 6, C3 W is denoted as respectively₃1、w₃2、w₃3、w₃4、w₃5 and w₃6；

In this step, when being respectively calculated to C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight, the judgment matrix constructed is sentenced for first Disconnected matrix B 1, the first judgment matrix B1 is 3 rank matrixes；The subjective weight of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1 is calculated When, the judgment matrix constructed is that the second judgment matrix B2, the second judgment matrix B2 is 5 rank matrixes；To 6 disturbances in C2 When the subjective weight of evaluation index is calculated, the judgment matrix constructed is the 3rd judgment matrix B3, and the described 3rd judges square Battle array B3 is 6 rank matrixes；When calculating the subjective weights of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3, the judgment matrix that constructs is the Four judgment matrix B4, the 4th judgment matrix B4 are 6 rank matrixes；

Step 5: Disturbance evaluation index objective weight calculates：Using the first judgment matrix B1 described in step 4, and adopt C1, C2 and C3 objective weight μ are calculated with entropy assessment₁、μ₂And μ₃；Using the second judgment matrix B2 described in step 4, and The objective weight μ of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1 is calculated using entropy assessment₁1、μ₁2、μ₁3、μ₁4 and μ₁5；Using in step 4 The 3rd described judgment matrix B3, and use entropy assessment calculates the objective weight μ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2₂1、μ₂2、μ₂3、μ₂4、μ₂5 and μ₂6；Meanwhile calculated using the 4th judgment matrix B4 described in step 4, and using entropy assessment 6 in C3 The objective weight μ of individual Disturbance evaluation index₃1、μ₃2、μ₃3、μ₃4、μ₃5 and μ₃6；

Step 6: Disturbance evaluation indicator combination weight calculation：According to the subjectivity for C1, C2 and the C3 being calculated in step 4 Weight w₁、w₂And w₃And the objective weight μ for C1, C2 and the C3 being calculated in step 5₁、μ₂And μ₃, and according to formula λ_q=α₁ μ_q+(1-α₁)w_q(1) C1, C2 and C3 combining weights λ, are calculated respectively₁、λ₂And λ₃, obtain the first combining weights vector T and T=(λ₁, λ₂, λ₃)；In formula (1), q is positive integer and q=1,2,3；By C1, C2 and C3 for being calculated in step 4 subjectivity Weight w₁、w₂And w₃It is ranked up according to order from small to large, w is denoted as after sequence₁'、w₂' and w₃', and w₁' ＜ w₂' ＜ w₃'； α₁Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

According to being calculated in the C1 being calculated in step 4 in the subjective weight and step 5 of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs C1 in 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₁S=α₂μ₁s+(1-α₂)w₁S (2), is calculated respectively The combining weights λ of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1₁1、λ₁2、λ₁3、λ₁4 and λ₁5, obtain the second combining weights vector T₁And T₁= (λ₁1, λ₁2, λ₁3, λ₁4, λ₁5)；In formula (2), s is positive integer and s=1,2,3,4,5, λ₁S is that s-th of Disturbance evaluation refers in C1 Target combining weights, μ₁S is the objective weight of s-th of Disturbance evaluation index in the C1 that is calculated in step 5, w₁S is step The subjective weight of s-th of Disturbance evaluation index in the C1 being calculated in four；By 5 disturbances in the C1 being calculated in step 4 The subjective weight w of evaluation index₁1、w₁2、w₁3、w₁4 and w₁5 are ranked up according to order from small to large, are denoted as after sequence w₁1'、w₁2'、w₁3'、w₁4' and w₁5', and w₁1'＜ w₁2'＜ w₁3'＜ w₁4'＜ w₁5'；α₂The coefficient of variation between main objective weight And

According to being calculated in the C2 being calculated in step 4 in the subjective weight and step 5 of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs C2 in 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₂S '=α₃μ₂s′+(1-α₃)w₂S ' (3), is calculated respectively Go out the combining weights λ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2₂1、λ₂2、λ₂3、λ₂4、λ₂5 and λ₂6, obtain the 3rd combining weights vector T₂ And T₂=(λ₂1, λ₂2, λ₂3, λ₂4, λ₂5, λ₂6)；In formula (3), s ' is positive integer and s '=1,2,3,4,5,6, λ₂S ' is the in C2 The combining weights of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ', μ₂S ' is the visitor of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C2 being calculated in step 5 See weight, w₂S ' is the subjective weight of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C2 being calculated in step 4；Step 4 is fallen into a trap The subjective weight w of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C2 drawn₂1、w₂2、w₂3、w₂4、w₂5 and w₂6 according to order from small to large It is ranked up, w is denoted as after sequence₂1'、w₂2'、w₂3'、w₂4'、w₂5' and w₂6', and w₂1'＜ w₂2'＜ w₂3'＜ w₂4'＜ w₂5' ＜ w₂6'；α₃Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

According to being calculated in the C3 being calculated in step 4 in the subjective weight and step 5 of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs C3 in 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₃S '=α₄μ₃s′+(1-α₄)w₃S ' (4), is calculated respectively Go out the combining weights λ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3₃1、λ₃2、λ₃3、λ₃4、λ₃5 and λ₃6, obtain the 4th combining weights vector T₃ And T₃=(λ₃1, λ₃2, λ₃3, λ₃4, λ₃5, λ₃6)；In formula (4), s ' is positive integer and s '=1,2,3,4,5,6, λ₃S ' is the in C3 The combining weights of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ', μ₃S ' is the visitor of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C3 being calculated in step 5 See weight, w₃S ' is the subjective weight of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C3 being calculated in step 4；Step 4 is fallen into a trap The subjective weight w of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C3 drawn₃1、w₃2、w₃3、w₃4、w₃5 and w₃6 according to order from small to large It is ranked up, w is denoted as after sequence₃1'、w₃2'、w₃3'、w₃4'、w₃5' and w₃6', and w₃1'＜ w₃2'＜ w₃3'＜ w₃4'＜ w₃5' ＜ w₃6'；α₄Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

Step 7: fuzzy overall evaluation：According to the subordinated-degree matrix R described in step 3₁、R₂And R₃, and combine step 6 Described in the second combining weights vector T₁, the 3rd combining weights vector T₂With the 4th combining weights vector T₃, according to formula C₁= T₁R₁(5)、C₂=T₂R₂And C (6)₃=T₃R₃(7) geographical Meteorological Change index membership vector C, is calculated respectively₁, hydrogeology Class index membership vector C₂With Tunnel Engineering class index membership vector C₃, and obtain Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix R andIn conjunction with the first combining weights vector T described in step 6, according to formula C=TR (8), the tunnel is calculated The fuzzy overall evaluation Matrix C and C=(c1, c2, c3, c4, c5) of road section, and using fuzzy overall evaluation Matrix C to the tunnel The influence degree that road segmental construction process disturbs to groundwater environment is evaluated；The tunnel segmental construction process is to underground water ring The influence degree of border disturbance be divided into five grades and five grades be respectively influence grade I, II, III, IV and V, c1, c2, c3, C4 and c5 is respectively the proportion of the influence grade I, II, III, IV and V evaluated.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 7 After the completion of middle fuzzy overall evaluation, also need to carry out validity check；During actual progress validity check, first according to formulaMaximum membership degree α is calculated；Wherein β is the first big numerical value in c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5 in step 7, γ is the second largest numerical value in c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5；Again to α carry out numeric ratio compared with：It is former using weighted average as α ＜ 0.5 The influence degree then disturbed to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is evaluated；Otherwise, using maximum membership degree The influence degree that principle disturbs to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is evaluated.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 4 Described in analytic hierarchy process (AHP) be Method of nine marks.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 1 When middle progress Disturbance evaluation index determines, according to the geographical meteorological data of construction area residing for the tunnel section, to C₁1、C₁2、 C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5 are determined respectively；Also, reported according to the Hydrogeologic Survey of construction area residing for the tunnel section, it is right C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6 are determined respectively；To C₃3 and C₃4 when being determined, and first the tunnel of the tunnel section is grown Degree and tunnel maximum buried depth measure respectively.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 2 Described in Disturbance evaluation index grading standard include the grading standards of 11 quantitative targets；

Wherein, C₁1 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 1 ＜ 200mm, C₁1 grade is grade I；When 200mm≤ x₁During 1 ＜ 500mm, C₁1 grade is grade II；As 500mm≤x₁During 1 ＜ 800mm, C₁1 grade is grade III；Work as 800mm ≤x₁During 1 ＜ 1200mm, C₁1 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁During 1 >=1200mm, C₁1 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁1 is C is determined in step 1₁1 numerical value；

C₁2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 2 ＞ 1000mm, C₁2 grade is grade I；As 800mm ＜ x₁2≤ During 1000mm, C₁2 grade is grade II；As 600mm ＜ x₁During 2≤800mm, C₁2 grade is grade III；As 400mm ＜ x₁During 2≤600mm, C₁2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁During 2≤400mm, C₁2 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁2 be step C is determined in one₁2 numerical value；

C₁3 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 3 ＜ 0.05, C₁3 grade is grade I；As 0.05≤x₁3 ＜ 0.15 When, C₁3 grade is grade II；As 0.15≤x₁During 3 ＜ 0.30, C₁3 grade is grade III；As 0.30≤x₁3 ＜ 0.50 When, C₁3 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁When 3 >=0.50, C₁3 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁3 in step 1 by determining C₁3 numerical value；

C₁4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁4 ＜ 1 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade I；When 1 × 10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 10 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade II；When 10 × 10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 100 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade Ⅲ；When 100 × 10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 1000 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁4≥1000×10⁴m³When, C₁4 Grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁4 by determining C in step 1₁4 numerical value；

C₁5 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁5 ＜ 10km²When, C₁5 grade is grade I；Work as 10km²≤x₁5 ＜ 20km²When, C₁5 grade is grade II；Work as 20km²≤x₁5 ＜ 40km²When, C₁5 grade is grade III；Work as 40km²≤x₁5 ＜ 80km²When, C₁5 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁5≥80km²When, C₁5 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁5 be institute in step 1 Determine C₁5 numerical value；

C₂2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₂During 2 ＜ 0.5MPa, C₂2 grade is grade I；As 0.5MPa≤x₂2 ＜ During 1.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade II；As 1.0MPa≤x₂During 2 ＜ 3.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade III；Work as 3.0MPa ≤x₂During 2 ＜ 5.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₂During 2 >=5.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₂2 are C is determined in step 1₂2 numerical value；

C₂4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₂During 4 ＞ 50m, C₂4 grade is grade I；As 30m ＜ x₂During 4≤50m, C₂4 grade is grade II；As 10m ＜ x₂During 4≤30m, C₂4 grade is grade III；As 5m ＜ x₂During 4≤10m, C₂4 etc. Level is grade IV；Work as x₂During 4≤5m, C₂4 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₂4 by determining C in step 1₂4 numerical value；

C₃2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃2 ＜ 100m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade I；Work as 100m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 1000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade II；Work as 1000m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 10000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade III； Work as 10000m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 100000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃2≥100000m³During/d, C₃2 grade For grade V；Wherein, x₃2 by determining C in step 1₃2 numerical value；

C₃3 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 3 ＜ 0.5km, C₃3 grade is grade I；As 0.5km≤x₃3 ＜ During 1.0km, C₃3 grade is grade II；As 1.0km≤x₃During 3 ＜ 3.0km, C₃3 grade is grade III；As 3.0km≤x₃3 During ＜ 10.0km, C₃3 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃During 3 >=10.0km, C₃3 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃3 be step C is determined in one₃3 numerical value；

C₃4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 4 ＜ 0.5km, C₃4 grade is grade I；As 0.5km≤x₃4 ＜ During 1.0km, C₃4 grade is grade II；As 1.0km≤x₃During 4 ＜ 3.0km, C₃4 grade is grade III；As 3.0km≤x₃4 During ＜ 10.0km, C₃4 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃During 4 >=10.0km, C₃4 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃4 be step C is determined in one₃4 numerical value；

C₃5 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 5 ＜ 5%, C₃5 grade is grade I；As 5%≤x₃5 ＜ 20% When, C₃5 grade is grade II；As 20%≤x₃During 5 ＜ 35%, C₃5 grade is grade III；As 35%≤x₃5 ＜ 50% When, C₃5 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃When 5 >=50%, C₃5 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃5 in step 1 by determining C₃5 numerical value.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 3 Membership function is to C determined by middle utilization₁When the degree of membership of 1 In Grade I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 3 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 5 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₂When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₂When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

With

It is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 3 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 5 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 2 Described in Disturbance evaluation index grading standard include the grading standards of 6 qualitative indexes；

Wherein, C₂1 grading standard is as follows：When the formation lithology of the tunnel section is mud stone, shale or clay rock When, C₂1 grade is grade I；When the formation lithology of the tunnel section is sandstone or packsand, C₂1 grade is grade II； When the formation lithology of the tunnel section is weathered granite or igneous rock, C₂1 grade is grade III；When the tunnel section When formation lithology is catamorphism rock, C₂1 grade is grade IV；When the tunnel section formation lithology for can lava class when, C₂1 grade is grade V；

C₂3 grading standard is as follows：When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is agensis, C₂3 Grade be grade I；When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is relatively to develop, C₂3 grade is grade II； When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is develops, C₂3 grade is grade III；When the rock of the tunnel section When body developmental joint fissure situation is develops preferable, C₂3 grade is grade IV；When the ROCK MASS JOINT crack of the tunnel section is sent out It is C when physically well developing to educate situation₂3 grade is grade V；

C₂5 grading standard is as follows：When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is HCO₃During type, C₂5 grade For grade I；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is HCO₃-SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade II；When the tunnel The ground water chemistry type of section is SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade III；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is Cl-SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade IV；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is Cl types, C₂5 grade is Grade V；

C₂6 grading standard is as follows：When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is weak, C₂6 grade For grade I；When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is weaker, C₂6 grade is grade II；When the tunnel section When the rock permeability degree of strength of section is medium, C₂6 grade is grade III；When the rock permeability of the tunnel section is strong and weak When degree is stronger, C₂6 grade is grade IV；When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is strong, C₂6 etc. Level is grade V；

C₃1 grading standard is as follows：When the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection be without when, C₃1 grade For grade I；When the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is weak, C₃1 grade is grade II；When When the tunnel section and the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are medium, C₃1 grade is grade III；When the tunnel section When section and the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are stronger, C₃1 grade is grade IV；When the tunnel section and ecology When the degree of strength of sensitizing range hydraulic connection is strong, C₃1 grade is grade V；

C₃6 grading standard is as follows：When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is CRD methods, C₂1 grade for etc. Level I；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is CD methods, C₂1 grade is grade II；When the class of tunnel excavation construction method When type is partial excavation method, C₂1 grade is grade III；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is up/down steps excavating load When, C₂1 grade is grade IV；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is full face tunneling method, C₂1 grade is grade Ⅴ；The partial excavation method, up/down steps excavating load and full face tunneling method are drilling and blasting method.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 1 In to C₂3 when being determined, and the ROCK MASS JOINT crack of the tunnel section is sent out according to the rock quality designation RQD of the tunnel section The situation of educating is determined；As RQD ＞ 90%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is agensis；When During 75% ＜ RQD≤90%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is relatively to develop；When 50% ＜ RQD≤ When 75%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is development；As 25%≤RQD≤50%, illustrate this The ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of tunnel section is preferable for development；As RQD ＜ 25%, illustrate the rock mass section of the tunnel section Reason cranny development situation is to physically well develop；

To C₂6 when being determined, as the coefficient of permeability K ＜ 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-5During cm/s, illustrate the tunnel section Rock permeability degree of strength to be weak；When the infiltration coefficient 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-5Cm/s≤K ＜ 10^-4During cm/s, say The rock permeability degree of strength of the bright tunnel section is weaker；When the infiltration coefficient 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-4Cm/s≤K ＜ 10^-2During cm/s, the rock permeability degree of strength for illustrating the tunnel section is medium；When the infiltration coefficient of the tunnel section country rock 10^-2During cm/s≤K ＜ 1cm/s, the rock permeability degree of strength for illustrating the tunnel section is stronger；When the tunnel section country rock Coefficient of permeability K >=1cm/s when, illustrate that the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is strong.

The evaluation method that above-mentioned ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterized in that：Step 1 In to C₃1 when being determined, and is determined according to the hydraulic gradient i ' of construction area residing for the tunnel section, and hydraulic gradient i ' Numerical value it is bigger, the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are stronger；

Wherein, when being determined to the hydraulic gradient i ' of construction area residing for the tunnel section, according to the tunnel section institute Between locating residing for construction area and the position relationship of ecological sensitive areas and the tunnel section between construction area and ecological sensitive areas It is determined away from L；When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at obliquely downward and the L >=250m of ecological sensitive areas, i '≤ 0.1；When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and 100m≤L ＜ 250m, 0.1 ＜ i '≤ 0.25；When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and 50m≤L ＜ 100m, 0.25 ＜ i ' ≤0.5；When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and L ＜ 50m, 0.5 ＜ i ' ＜ 1；When When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at underface and the L≤50m of ecological sensitive areas, i '=1；

To C₃1 when being determined, and as i '≤0.1, illustrates that the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are nothing；When During 0.1 ＜ i '≤0.25, illustrate that the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is weak；When 0.25 ＜ i '≤ When 0.5, illustrate that the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is medium；As 0.5 ＜ i ' ＜ 1, explanation The degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is stronger；As i '=1, illustrate the tunnel section and ecology The degree of strength of sensitizing range hydraulic connection is strong.

The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：

1st, method and step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient.

2nd, selection influences the geography meteorology of groundwater environment, hydrogeological and three classifications of Tunnel Engineering 17 projects are made For Disturbance evaluation index, consider that comprehensive and each Disturbance evaluation index selection is reasonable, groundwater environment can be disturbed carry out rationally, it is accurate Really evaluation.

3rd, 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs are divided into two types of quantitative target and qualitative index, and corresponding to use at quantization Reason method, the degree of membership of Disturbance evaluation index is determined；Wherein, quantitative target construction membership function is quantified, to qualitative Index carries out fuzzy statistics quantization by field investigation, and easy to operate and quantization is accurate.

4th, coefficient of variation between subjective and objective weight is introduced, using the combining weights method of nine scales analytic hierarchy process and entropy assessment, Tax power is carried out to each Disturbance evaluation index, the advantage of subjective weights and Objective Weight can be given full play to.

5th, the subordinated-degree matrix of index and combining weights are subjected to fuzzy operation using Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment and normalized, Fuzzy overall evaluation matrix is obtained, evaluation result is accurate and realizes easy.Also, need to enter evaluation result after fuzzy overall evaluation Row availability is examined, and is evaluated under maximum membership grade principle invalid situation using weighted average principle.

6th, using effect is good, and energy is easy, progress accurate evaluation is quickly disturbed to groundwater environment to constructing tunnel process, can Row is strong and evaluation precision is high, can effectively overcome existing evaluation index and not be suitable for ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction over the ground The problem of lower water environment Disturbance evaluation and single subjective weights method randomness and low precision, applied to ecological sensitive areas vcehicular tunnel Guarded drainage detail design in work provides technical support.The present invention is directed to the characteristic in ecological sensitive areas tunnel, is disturbed it is determined that characterizing Every Disturbance evaluation index of dynamic groundwater environment, and form appraisement system, selection from fitting ecological sensitive areas tunnel index, Quantify, objective and subjective synthetic approach integrated weighting weight, and combine fuzzy synthetic appraisement method to ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction over the ground The disturbance of lower water environment is evaluated, and evaluation procedure can be completed within a few minutes, obtains accurate evaluation result, practical value it is high and Popularizing application prospect is extensive.

In summary, the inventive method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, using effect is good, can be easy, quick Constructing tunnel process is disturbed to groundwater environment and carries out accurate evaluation.

Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the method flow block diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment

The evaluation method that a kind of ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction as shown in Figure 1 disturb to groundwater environment, along indulging Institute's construction tunnel is divided into multiple tunnel sections to bearing of trend, the work progress of multiple tunnel sections is carried out respectively Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation, the groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation method all same of the work progress of all tunnel sections；To appointing When the work progress of one tunnel section carries out groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation, comprise the following steps：

In the present embodiment, when progress Disturbance evaluation index determines in step 1, according to construction area residing for the tunnel section Geographical meteorological data, to C₁1、C₁2、C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5 are determined respectively；Also, according to construction area residing for the tunnel section The Hydrogeologic Survey report in domain, to C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6 are determined respectively；To C₃3 and C₃4 are determined When, first the length of tunnel to the tunnel section and tunnel maximum buried depth measure respectively.

In the present embodiment, the grading standard of Disturbance evaluation index described in step 2 includes 11 quantitative targets Grading standard；

Also, the grade that the grading standard of Disturbance evaluation index described in step 2 includes 6 qualitative indexes is drawn Minute mark is accurate；

As shown in the above, the grading standard of Disturbance evaluation index described in step 2 is commented including 17 disturbances The grading standard of valency index, refer to table 1：

The grading standard list of the Disturbance evaluation index of table 1

In the present embodiment, Surface reservoir refers to Surface reservoir and the total Water in lake with lake scale.To water fathering section When falling ratio and being determined, the water fathering section in the tunnel section is to judge after carrying out tunnel surveying by geologic prospect personnel The section that water fathering may occur come.

In the present embodiment, to C in step 1₂3 when being determined, according to RQD pairs of the rock quality designation of the tunnel section The ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is determined；As RQD ＞ 90%, illustrate the rock mass section of the tunnel section It is agensis to manage cranny development situation；As 75% ＜ RQD≤90%, illustrate the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development shape of the tunnel section Condition is relatively to develop；As 50% ＜ RQD≤75%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is development；When During 25%≤RQD≤50%, illustrate that the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is preferable for development；As RQD ＜ 25% When, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is to physically well develop；Wherein, RQD mainly reflects the complete journey of rock Degree, i.e. development degree of the crack in the location stratum.

The ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is determined in step 1, according to the easypro card of ground water chemistry type Row husband's sorting technique is determined, specifically according to 6 kinds of leading ion (Na in underground water⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、HCO^3-、SO₄ ^2-、Cl^-, K⁺It is incorporated in Na⁺) and salinity division.In the present embodiment, mainly according to HCO^3-、SO₄ ^2-And Cl^-Divided.Wherein, it is local Only contain HCO in lower water^3-When, the ground water chemistry type for illustrating the tunnel section is HCO₃Type；When containing HCO in underground water^3- And SO₄ ^2-When, the ground water chemistry type for illustrating the tunnel section is HCO₃-SO₄Type；When only containing SO in underground water₄ ^2-When, say The ground water chemistry type of the bright tunnel section is SO₄Type；When containing SO in underground water₄ ^2-During with Cl, illustrate the tunnel section Ground water chemistry type is Cl-SO₄Type；When only containing Cl in underground water, illustrate the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section For Cl types.

In the present embodiment, to C in step 1₃1 when being determined, according to the hydraulic gradient of construction area residing for the tunnel section Degree i ' is determined, and hydraulic gradient i ' numerical value is bigger, and the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are stronger；

Hydraulic gradient characterizes the ratio along the penetration route loss of flood peak and penetration route length.In the present embodiment, to waterpower When gradient i ' is calculated, according to formula i '=h₀/ L (9), is calculated；In formula, h₀For point-to-point transmission head height difference and its list Position is m, and L is the spacing residing for the tunnel section between construction area and ecological sensitive areas and its unit is m.Herein, water intake Highly it is fixed value 25m, i.e. h₀=25m.

In the present embodiment, using identified membership function to C in step 3₁1 In Grade I, II, III, When IV and V degree of membership is calculated, according to formula Counted respectively Calculate；

WithIt is respectively calculated；

With

It is respectively calculated；

WithIt is respectively calculated；

WithIt is respectively calculated.

The present embodiment, in 11 quantitative targets, including 9 positive evaluation indexes and 2 reverse evaluation indexes, wherein 9 positive evaluation indexes are respectively：C₁1、C₁3、C₁4、C₁5、C₂2、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4 and C₃5；2 reverse evaluation indexes are C₁2 And C₂4.Wherein, positive evaluation index is that exponential quantity is bigger, the quantitative assessing index bigger to underground water environmental impact；Reversely comment Valency index is that exponential quantity is bigger, the quantitative assessing index smaller to underground water environmental impact.

As shown in the above, 11 quantitative targets are carried out using trapezoidal profile method and by constructing membership function Quantify, obtain corresponding degree of membership of the different basis weights index for opinion rating；6 qualitative indexes are mainly adjusted by scene Look into, be determined using the method for fuzzy statistics.

In the present embodiment, when step 7 carries out fuzzy overall evaluation, with reference to evaluation result grade classification conventional both at home and abroad Standard, it is five grades by influence grade classification of the ecological sensitive areas constructing tunnel to groundwater environment, respectively to underground water ring Border influence degree is weak (grade I), weaker (grade II), medium (grade III), relatively strong (grade IV), strong (grade V).

Thus, in the case where set of factors, opinion rating collection and weight sets all determine, carried out using Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Processing.In the present embodiment, the first combining weights vector T, the second combining weights vector T described in step 6₁, the 3rd combined weights Weight vector T₂With the 4th combining weights vector T₃Form weight sets；Opinion rating collection is { I, II, III, IV, V }.Set of factors is divided into Destination layer, rule layer and indicator layer (i.e. solution layer).Rule layer=﹛ C1, C2, C3 ﹜；Indicator layer is each disturbance of rule layer subordinate Evaluation index.

Also, when being determined to weight sets, with reference to the advantages of subjective and Objective Weighting, entropy assessment and AHP are tied It is used in combination.

In the present embodiment, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) described in step 4 is Method of nine marks.

Also, the first judgment matrix described in step 4Wherein B1 ' is that N1 expert constructs C1, C2 With the judgment matrix sum of the class indexs of C3 tri-；Second judgment matrixWherein B2 ' is that N1 expert is constructed in C1 The judgment matrix sum of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs；3rd judgment matrixWherein B3 ' is that N1 expert constructs The judgment matrix sum of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2；4th judgment matrixWherein B4 ' is that N1 expert constructs Go out the judgment matrix sum of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3.Wherein, N1 is positive integer and N1 >=3.During Judgement Matricies, adopt With construction multilevel iudge matrix (i.e. positive reciprocal matrix) two-by-two, specifically to being contrasted two-by-two between each index after, then The relative superior or inferior order for each evaluation index that is ranked by 9 points of position ratios, the judgment matrix of evaluation index is constructed successively.

Also, it is necessary to carry out Mode of Level Simple Sequence and consistency check after each judgment matrix of construction.Wherein, Mode of Level Simple Sequence Refer to that each factor of each judgment matrix is directed to the relative weighting of its criterion.Herein, judged using root method easy to operation to calculate The Maximum characteristic root and characteristic vector of matrix.Thus, the building method and Mode of Level Simple Sequence of judgment matrix and consistency check Method be the conventional method used in analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

In actual mechanical process, when calculating C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight, the first judgment matrix B1 is first calculated In each row element product, then the product of each row element to being calculated opens 3 th Roots, is finally normalized After obtain weight vectors (w₁, w₂, w₃).In the present embodiment, w₁=0.246267883, w₂=0.439692401, w₃= 0.314039716。

When calculating the subjective weights of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1, first calculate every in the second judgment matrix B2 The product of one row element, then the product of each row element to being calculated open 5 th Roots, after being finally normalized To weight vectors (w₁1, w₁2, w₁3, w₁4, w₁5).In the present embodiment, w₁1=0.241946948, w₁2=0.163801627, w₁3 =0.278309813, w₁4=0.155162924, w₁5=0.160778688.

When calculating the subjective weights of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2, first calculate every in the 3rd judgment matrix B3 The product of one row element, then the product of each row element to being calculated open 6 th Roots, after being finally normalized To weight vectors (w₂1, w₂2, w₂3, w₂4, w₂5, w₂6).In the present embodiment, w₂1=0.116929793, w₂2=0.17591542 w₂3=0.324538235, w₂4=0.050393469, w₂5=0.218798883, w₂6=0.113424201.

When calculating the subjective weights of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3, first calculate every in the 4th judgment matrix B4 The product of one row element, then the product of each row element to being calculated open 6 th Roots, after being finally normalized To weight vectors (w₃1, w₃2, w₃3, w₃4, w₃5, w₃6).In the present embodiment, w₃1=0.304843965, w₃2= 0.183701799, w₃3=0.103056658, w₃4=0.0872957, w₃5=0.16836163, w₃6=0.152740249.

In information theory, information is a measurement of system order degree, and entropy is then a degree of the unordered degree of system Amount, the two absolute value is equal, but symbol is opposite.If the comentropy of some target is smaller, the change DRS of its desired value is indicated that Degree it is bigger, there is provided information content it is bigger, its weight is also bigger., whereas if the comentropy of its target is bigger, show its desired value Degree of variation it is smaller, there is provided information content it is smaller, then its weight is also smaller.Entropy assessment is as a kind of Objective Weighting The number for including information content according to each index carrys out agriculture products weight.

In the present embodiment, C1, C2 and C3 objective weight μ are calculated using entropy assessment₁、μ₂And μ₃When, the first judgment matrix B1 It is denoted as B1=(b_i′j′)_3×3, i ' is positive integer and i '=1,2,3, and j ' is positive integer and j '=1,2,3；First to the first judgment matrix B1 is normalized, obtain normalization matrix B1 ' and Afterwards, obtain C1, C2 and C3 entropy e_j′,k₁=(ln3)^-1；Afterwards, C1, C2 and C3 objective weight are obtained,Wherein d_j′=1-e_j′。

The objective weight μ of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1 is calculated using entropy assessment₁1、μ₁2、μ₁3、μ₁4 and μ₁When 5, Second judgment matrix B2 is denoted as B2=(b_i″j″)_5×5, i " being positive integer and i "=1,2,3,4,5, j " being positive integer and j " =1,2,3,4,5；First the second judgment matrix B2 is normalized, obtain normalization matrix B2 ' and Afterwards, the entropy e of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1 is obtained_j″,k₂ =(ln5)^-1；Afterwards, the objective weight of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1 is obtained,Wherein d_j″=1- e_j″。

The objective weight μ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2 is calculated using entropy assessment₂1、μ₂2、μ₂3、μ₂4、μ₂5 and μ₂When 6_, 3rd judgment matrix B3 is denoted as B3=(b_i″′j″)_6×6, i " ' be positive integer and i " '=1,2,3,4,5,6, j " ' be positive integer and J " '=1,2,3,4,5,6；First the 3rd judgment matrix B3 is normalized, obtain normalization matrix B3 ' and B3 '= (b_{i″′j″′})_6×6,Afterwards, the entropy e of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2 is obtained_j″′, k₃=(ln 6)^-1；Afterwards, the objective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2 is obtained,Wherein d_j″′= 1-e_j″′。

The objective weight μ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3 is calculated using entropy assessment₃1、μ₃2、μ₃3、μ₃4、μ₃5 and μ₃When 6, 4th judgment matrix B4 is denoted as B4=(B_i″′j″)_6×6, i " ' be positive integer and i " '=1,2,3,4,5,6, j " ' be positive integer and J " '=1,2,3,4,5,6；First the 4th judgment matrix B4 is normalized, obtain normalization matrix B4 ' and B4 '= (B_{i″′j″′})_6×6,Afterwards, the entropy E of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3 is obtained_j″′,k₃=(ln 6)^-1；Afterwards, the objective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3 is obtained,Wherein D_j″′=1-E_j″′。

In the present embodiment, in step 7 after the completion of fuzzy overall evaluation, also need to carry out validity check；It is actual to carry out effectively Property examine when, first according to formulaMaximum membership degree α is calculated；Wherein β is c1, c2, c3, c4 in step 7 With the first big numerical value in c5, the second largest numerical value in γ c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5；Again to α carry out numeric ratio compared with：As α ＜ When 0.5, the influence degree disturbed using weighted average principle to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is evaluated； Otherwise, the influence degree disturbed using maximum membership grade principle to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is commented Valency.

In the present embodiment, the length of each tunnel section is 0.3km~3km, i.e., each tunnel section Length of tunnel is 0.3km~3km.

During actual use, the length of each tunnel section can be adjusted accordingly according to specific needs.

AHP analytic hierarchy process (AHP)s belong to one kind of subjective weighting method, it is determined that consider the experience and knowledge of expert during weight, Even if the sequence of index weights has higher reasonability, but still the defects of subjective random be present.Entropy assessment belongs to objective One kind of enabling legislation, the defects of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is subjective random can be made up so that the weight gone out and actual conditions more phase Symbol.Therefore, this research uses the combining weights method that objective and subjective synthetic approach is combined, with the power of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) parameter system Weight, the information provided using judgment matrix, further with the weight gone out of entropy assessment amendment analytic hierarchy process (AHP), then determine it is last certainly The analysis method of plan weighs the weight of method, reasonably and comprehensively agriculture products system using the tax of subjective and objective combination.Evade Single tax power method it is uncertain and random.

In the present embodiment, the tunnel section evaluated is Liu Pan Shan tunnel, and Liu Pan Shan mean sea level is 2147.74m, is belonged to High altitude localities；The tunnel section is passed through platform reservoir and refrigerant reservoir, closes on Longde county town water head site, and in semiarid half Moist climate band；Soil lead pollution index SS values are 6.299.

Quantified by 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs to the tunnel section, quantized result refers to table 2：

The Liu Pan Shan tunnel Disturbance evaluation quantification of targets result of table 2

The degree of membership result of calculation of each Disturbance evaluation index, refers to table 3：

The Disturbance evaluation index degree of membership result of calculation of table 3

Invite 5 authoritative experts (i.e. N1=5) in terms of the department such as major universities and colleges, R＆D institution and design tunnel, to C1, Every Disturbance evaluation index is ranked up and given a mark according to significance level in C2 and C3 and C1, C2 and C3, and combines entropy assessment The weight obtained to subjectivity is modified, and is obtained more objective, science combined weights weight values, is shown in Table 4.

The combining weights list of table 4

According to the content of table 3 and 4, determine Liu Pan Shan tunnel construction to underground water environmental impact using Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment Degree of strength.

Wherein, geographical Meteorological Change index membership vector

Hydrogeological class index membership vector

Tunnel Engineering class index membership vector

Fuzzy overall evaluation matrix

It can be seen from fuzzy overall evaluation Matrix C, maximum is 0.30972543 and the correspondence of grade III corresponding to grade IV 0.158584567 take second place, thus Liu Pan Shan constructing tunnel to earth's surface eco-environmental impact based on grade IV, grade III is Auxiliary, comprehensive evaluation result is relatively strong partially medium.

It is actual to carry out availability inspection, according to formulaMeter Calculation draws maximum membership degree；Wherein due to the ＜ 0.5 of α=0.3, maximum membership degree availability is relatively low, should use weighted average principle (i.e. weighted average) is evaluated.Wherein,

Wherein, j is positive integer and j=1,2,3,4,5；a₁=1, a₂=2, a₃=3, a₄=4, a₅=5, a_jRespectively with influence Grade I, II, III, IV and V correspondence.

From result of calculation, Liu Pan Shan tunnel construction to underground water environmental impact degree 3.14 between 3 and 4, i.e., Between medium and relatively strong, and it is partially medium.Constructing tunnel is relatively strong partially medium to earth's surface eco-environmental impact, illustrates constructing tunnel meeting Lowering of watertable, turn into tunnel and its neighbouring artificial discharge's reference plane, to by Residents of the wellspring as drinking water Domestic water causes necessarily to influence, thus need to take alignment processing measure.

It is described above, only it is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, it is every according to the present invention Any simple modification, change and the equivalent structure change that technical spirit is made to above example, still fall within skill of the present invention In the protection domain of art scheme.

Claims

A kind of 1. evaluation method that ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction disturbs to groundwater environment, it is characterised in that：Along longitudinal direction Institute's construction tunnel is divided into multiple tunnel sections by bearing of trend, carries out ground respectively to the work progress of multiple tunnel sections Lower water environment Disturbance evaluation, the groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation method all same of the work progress of all tunnel sections；To any When the work progress of individual tunnel section carries out groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation, comprise the following steps：

Step 1: Disturbance evaluation index determines：Three class groundwater environment Disturbance evaluations during the tunnel segmental construction are referred to Mark is determined respectively；Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation index is respectively C1, C2 and C3 described in three classes, and C1, C2 and C3 are respectively Geographical Meteorological Change Disturbance evaluation index, hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index and Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index；

Groundwater environment Disturbance evaluation index described in three classes includes 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs；Wherein, geographical Meteorological Change disturbance is commented It is respectively C that valency index, which includes 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs and 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs,₁1、C₁2、C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5, C₁1、C₁2、 C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5 be respectively the average annual rainfall of construction area, annual mean ground temperature, precipitation infiltration system residing for the tunnel section Number, Surface reservoir and lake scale and earth's surface catchment area；Hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index includes 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs And 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs are respectively C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6, C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6 be respectively to be somebody's turn to do Formation lithology, hole top head pressure, ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development degree, groundwater level depth, the ground water chemistry of tunnel section Type and rock permeability；Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index includes 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs and 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs point Wei not C₃1、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4、C₃5 and C₃6, C₃1、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4、C₃5 and C₃6 be respectively the sensitive with ecology of the tunnel section Area's hydraulic connection, Tunnel Seepage, length of tunnel, tunnel maximum buried depth, water fathering paragraph ratio and method for tunnel construction；Its In, water fathering paragraph ratio is that the total length of water fathering section in the tunnel section accounts for the ratio of the tunnel section total length；

17 Disturbance evaluation indexs include 11 quantitative targets and 6 qualitative indexes；11 quantitative targets are respectively C₁1、 C₁2、C₁3、C₁4、C₁5、C₂2、C₂4、C₃2、C₃3、C₃4 and C₃5；6 qualitative indexes are respectively C₂1、C₂3、C₂5、C₂6、C₃1 And C₃6；

Wherein, when being determined to 11 quantitative targets, the numerical value of each quantitative target is determined respectively；To C₂1 is carried out When determining, according to the country rock composition of the tunnel section, the country rock species of the tunnel section is determined；To C₂6 are determined When, by determining the infiltration coefficient of the tunnel section country rock, the water penetration degree of strength of the tunnel section country rock is determined； To C₃1 when being determined, the spacing L according to residing for the tunnel section between construction area and ecological sensitive areas, to the tunnel section Section and the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are determined, and spacing L numerical value is bigger, and the tunnel section and ecology are quick Sensillary area hydraulic connection is weaker；To C₃6 when being determined, to the N type tunnel excavations used during the tunnel segmental construction The excavation length ratio of construction method is determined respectively, wherein the excavation length ratio of each type tunnel excavation construction method The ratio of the tunnel section total length is accounted for for the excavation length of the type tunnel excavation construction method；Wherein N be positive integer and 1≤ The excavation length ratio of n type tunnel excavation construction method is denoted as W in N≤5, N type tunnel excavation construction method_n, n For positive integer and n=1,2 ..., N；

Step 2: Disturbance evaluation index grade determines：According to Disturbance evaluation index grading standard set in advance, to step The grade of 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs is determined respectively determined by one；

17 Disturbance evaluation indexs are divided into five grades, five institutes according to the degree of strength disturbed to groundwater environment It is respectively grade I, II, III, IV and V to state grade；Wherein, grade I represents that level of disruption is weak and its numbering is 1, the table of grade II It is that weaker and its numbering is 2 to show level of disruption, and grade III represents that level of disruption is medium and its numbering is 3, and grade IV represents to disturb Traverse degree is relatively strong and its numbering is 4, and grade V represents that level of disruption is strong and its numbering is 5；

Wherein, to C₃When 6 grade is determined, the N types tunnel excavation used during the tunnel segmental construction is constructed The grade of method is determined respectively；

Step 3: Disturbance evaluation index degree of membership determines：To the person in servitude of identified 17 Disturbance evaluation indexs in step 1 Category degree is determined respectively, and obtains three subordinated-degree matrix R₁、R₂And R₃；

Wherein, subordinated-degree matrix R₁Subordinated-degree matrix for geographical Meteorological Change Disturbance evaluation index and its be 5 × 5 matrixes；Degree of membership MatrixSubordinated-degree matrix R₁The i-th row jth column element be denoted as r_ij, r_ijDisturbed for geographical Meteorological Change The degree of membership for the grade that i-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in evaluation index；Wherein i be positive integer and i=1,2,3,4, 5, j be positive integer and j=1,2,3,4,5；

Subordinated-degree matrix R₂For hydrogeological class Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix and its be 6 × 5 matrixes；Subordinated-degree matrixSubordinated-degree matrix R₂Pth row jth column element be denoted as R_pj, R_pjCommented for the disturbance of hydrogeological class The degree of membership for the grade that p-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in valency index；Wherein p be positive integer and p=1,2,3,4,5, 6；

Subordinated-degree matrix R₃For Tunnel Engineering class Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix and its be 6 × 5 matrixes；Subordinated-degree matrixSubordinated-degree matrix R₃Pth row jth column element be denoted as R'_pj, R'_pjFor Tunnel Engineering class The degree of membership for the grade that p-th of Disturbance evaluation index is j to numbering in Disturbance evaluation index；

When being determined to the degrees of membership of 11 quantitative targets determined by step 1, first determined using trapezoidal profile Membership function, the degree of membership for the grade that membership function determined by recycling is j to numbering to each quantitative target are counted Calculate；

To C₂When 1 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂1 grade is determined, R_1m=1 and R_1m'= 0；Wherein, m is positive integer and m is identified C in step 2₂1 Grade numbers；M' is positive integer, m'=1,2 ..., 5 and m'≠m；

To C₂When 3 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂3 grade is determined, R_2c=1 and R_2c'= 0；Wherein, c is positive integer and c is identified C in step 2₂3 Grade numbers；C' is positive integer, c'=1,2 ..., 5 and c'≠c；

To C₂When 5 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂5 grade is determined, R_5h=1 and R_5h'= 0；Wherein, h is positive integer and h is identified C in step 2₂5 Grade numbers；H' is positive integer, h'=1,2 ..., 5 and h'≠h；

To C₂When 6 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₂6 grade is determined, R_6k=1 and R_6k'= 0；Wherein, k is positive integer and k is identified C in step 2₂6 Grade numbers；K' is positive integer, k'=1,2 ..., 5 and k'≠k；

To C₃When 1 degree of membership is determined, according to identified C in step 2₃1 grade is determined, R'_1b=1 and R'_1b' =0；Wherein, b is positive integer and b is identified C in step 2₃1 Grade numbers；B' is positive integer, b'=1,2 ..., 5 And b' ≠ b；

To C₃When 6 degree of membership is determined, according to the grade of identified N types tunnel excavation construction method in step 2 It is determined；R'_6n=W_n, W_nFor the excavation length ratio of the n type tunnel excavation construction method determined in step 1； R'_6n'=0, n' are positive integer, n'=1,2 ..., 5 and n' ≠ n；

Step 4: Disturbance evaluation index subjectivity weight calculation：C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight are entered respectively using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) Row calculates；Wherein, C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight are denoted as w respectively₁、w₂And w₃；Meanwhile using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to 5 in C1 The subjective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs is respectively calculated in 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs and C3 in Disturbance evaluation index, C2； Wherein, the subjective weight of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs is denoted as w respectively in C1₁1、w₁2、w₁3、w₁4 and w₁6 Disturbance evaluations in 5, C2 The subjective weight of index is denoted as w respectively₂1、w₂2、w₂3、w₂4、w₂5 and w₂The subjective weight of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs point in 6, C3 W is not denoted as it₃1、w₃2、w₃3、w₃4、w₃5 and w₃6；

In this step, when being respectively calculated to C1, C2 and C3 subjective weight, the judgment matrix constructed judges square for first Battle array B1, the first judgment matrix B1 is 3 rank matrixes；When calculating the subjective weights of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1, structure The judgment matrix produced is that the second judgment matrix B2, the second judgment matrix B2 is 5 rank matrixes；To 6 Disturbance evaluations in C2 When the subjective weight of index is calculated, the judgment matrix constructed is the 3rd judgment matrix B3, the 3rd judgment matrix B3 For 6 rank matrixes；When calculating the subjective weights of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3, the judgment matrix constructed is sentenced for the 4th Disconnected matrix B 4, the 4th judgment matrix B4 is 6 rank matrixes；

Step 5: Disturbance evaluation index objective weight calculates：Using the first judgment matrix B1 described in step 4, and use entropy Power method calculates C1, C2 and C3 objective weight μ₁、μ₂And μ₃；Using the second judgment matrix B2 described in step 4, and use Entropy assessment calculates the objective weight μ of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C1₁1、μ₁2、μ₁3、μ₁4 and μ₁5；Described in step 4 The 3rd judgment matrix B3, and the objective weight μ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2 is calculated using entropy assessment₂1、μ₂2、μ₂3、μ₂4、μ₂5 and μ₂6；Meanwhile using the 4th judgment matrix B4 described in step 4, and calculate in C3 6 using entropy assessment and disturb The objective weight μ of dynamic evaluation index₃1、μ₃2、μ₃3、μ₃4、μ₃5 and μ₃6；

Step 6: Disturbance evaluation indicator combination weight calculation：According to the subjective weight for C1, C2 and the C3 being calculated in step 4 w₁、w₂And w₃And the objective weight μ for C1, C2 and the C3 being calculated in step 5₁、μ₂And μ₃, and according to formula λ_q=α₁μ_q+ (1-α₁)w_q(1) C1, C2 and C3 combining weights λ, are calculated respectively₁、λ₂And λ₃, obtain the first combining weights vector T and T =(λ₁, λ₂, λ₃)；In formula (1), q is positive integer and q=1,2,3；C1, C2 and C3 for being calculated in step 4 subjectivity are weighed Weight w₁、w₂And w₃It is ranked up according to order from small to large, w is denoted as after sequence₁'、w₂' and w₃', and w₁' ＜ w₂' ＜ w₃'；α₁ Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

According to the C1 being calculated in the subjective weight and step 5 of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C1 being calculated in step 4 In 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₁S=α₂μ₁s+(1-α₂)w₁S (2), is calculated in C1 respectively The combining weights λ of 5 Disturbance evaluation indexs₁1、λ₁2、λ₁3、λ₁4 and λ₁5, obtain the second combining weights vector T₁And T₁=(λ₁1, λ₁2, λ₁3, λ₁4, λ₁5)；In formula (2), s is positive integer and s=1,2,3,4,5, λ₁S is the group of s-th of Disturbance evaluation index in C1 Close weight, μ₁S is the objective weight of s-th of Disturbance evaluation index in the C1 that is calculated in step 5, w₁S falls into a trap for step 4 The subjective weight of s-th of Disturbance evaluation index in the C1 drawn；5 Disturbance evaluations in the C1 being calculated in step 4 are referred to Target subjectivity weight w₁1、w₁2、w₁3、w₁4 and w₁5 are ranked up according to order from small to large, and w is denoted as after sequence₁1'、w₁2'、 w₁3'、w₁4' and w₁5', and w₁1'＜ w₁2'＜ w₁3'＜ w₁4'＜ w₁5'；α₂Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

According to the C2 being calculated in the subjective weight and step 5 of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C2 being calculated in step 4 In 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₂S '=α₃μ₂s′+(1-α₃)w₂S ' (3), is calculated respectively The combining weights λ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C2₂1、λ₂2、λ₂3、λ₂4、λ₂5 and λ₂6, obtain the 3rd combining weights vector T₂And T₂ =(λ₂1, λ₂2, λ₂3, λ₂4, λ₂5, λ₂6)；In formula (3), s ' is positive integer and s '=1,2,3,4,5,6, λ₂S ' is s ' in C2 The combining weights of individual Disturbance evaluation index, μ₂S ' is the objective of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C2 being calculated in step 5 Weight, w₂S ' is the subjective weight of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C2 being calculated in step 4；It will be calculated in step 4 The subjective weight w of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C2 drawn₂1、w₂2、w₂3、w₂4、w₂5 and w₂6 enter according to order from small to large Row sequence, w is denoted as after sequence₂1'、w₂2'、w₂3'、w₂4'、w₂5' and w₂6', and w₂1'＜ w₂2'＜ w₂3'＜ w₂4'＜ w₂5'＜ w₂6'；α₃Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

According to the C3 being calculated in the subjective weight and step 5 of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C3 being calculated in step 4 In 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs objective weight, and according to formula λ₃S '=α₄μ₃s′+(1-α₄)w₃S ' (4), is calculated respectively The combining weights λ of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in C3₃1、λ₃2、λ₃3、λ₃4、λ₃5 and λ₃6, obtain the 4th combining weights vector T₃And T₃ =(λ₃1, λ₃2, λ₃3, λ₃4, λ₃5, λ₃6)；In formula (4), s ' is positive integer and s '=1,2,3,4,5,6, λ₃S ' is s ' in C3 The combining weights of individual Disturbance evaluation index, μ₃S ' is the objective of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C3 being calculated in step 5 Weight, w₃S ' is the subjective weight of the individual Disturbance evaluation indexs of s ' in the C3 being calculated in step 4；It will be calculated in step 4 The subjective weight w of 6 Disturbance evaluation indexs in the C3 drawn₃1、w₃2、w₃3、w₃4、w₃5 and w₃6 enter according to order from small to large Row sequence, w is denoted as after sequence₃1'、w₃2'、w₃3'、w₃4'、w₃5' and w₃6', and w₃1'＜ w₃2'＜ w₃3'＜ w₃4'＜ w₃5'＜ w₃6'；α₄Between main objective weight coefficient of variation and

Step 7: fuzzy overall evaluation：According to the subordinated-degree matrix R described in step 3₁、R₂And R₃, and combine institute in step 6 The the second combining weights vector T stated₁, the 3rd combining weights vector T₂With the 4th combining weights vector T₃, according to formula C₁=T₁R₁ (5)、C₂=T₂R₂And C (6)₃=T₃R₃(7) geographical Meteorological Change index membership vector C, is calculated respectively₁, hydrogeology Class index membership vector C₂With Tunnel Engineering class index membership vector C₃, and obtain Disturbance evaluation index subordinated-degree matrix R andIn conjunction with the first combining weights vector T described in step 6, according to formula C=TR (8), the tunnel is calculated The fuzzy overall evaluation Matrix C and C=(c1, c2, c3, c4, c5) of road section, and using fuzzy overall evaluation Matrix C to the tunnel The influence degree that road segmental construction process disturbs to groundwater environment is evaluated；The tunnel segmental construction process is to underground water ring The influence degree of border disturbance be divided into five grades and five grades be respectively influence grade I, II, III, IV and V, c1, c2, c3, C4 and c5 is respectively the proportion of the influence grade I, II, III, IV and V evaluated.
2. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 1 to groundwater environment, its It is characterised by：In step 7 after the completion of fuzzy overall evaluation, also need to carry out validity check；During actual progress validity check, First according to formulaMaximum membership degree α is calculated；Wherein β is in c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5 in step 7 First big numerical value, the second largest numerical value in γ c1, c2, c3, c4 and c5；Again to α carry out numeric ratio compared with：As α ＜ 0.5, adopt The influence degree disturbed with weighted average principle to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is evaluated；Otherwise, adopt The influence degree disturbed with maximum membership grade principle to the tunnel segmental construction process to groundwater environment is evaluated.
3. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 1 or 2 to groundwater environment, It is characterized in that：Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) described in step 4 is Method of nine marks.
4. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 1 or 2 to groundwater environment, It is characterized in that：When progress Disturbance evaluation index determines in step 1, according to the ground qi-regulating of construction area residing for the tunnel section As data, to C₁1、C₁2、C₁3、C₁4 and C₁5 are determined respectively；Also, according to the hydrology of construction area residing for the tunnel section Geological mapping is reported, to C₂1、C₂2、C₂3、C₂4、C₂5 and C₂6 are determined respectively；To C₃3 and C₃4 when being determined, first to this The length of tunnel and tunnel maximum buried depth of tunnel section measure respectively.
5. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 1 or 2 to groundwater environment, It is characterized in that：The grading standard of Disturbance evaluation index described in step 2 includes the grade classification of 11 quantitative targets Standard；

Wherein, C₁1 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 1 ＜ 200mm, C₁1 grade is grade I；As 200mm≤x₁1 ＜ During 500mm, C₁1 grade is grade II；As 500mm≤x₁During 1 ＜ 800mm, C₁1 grade is grade III；As 800mm≤x₁1 During ＜ 1200mm, C₁1 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁During 1 >=1200mm, C₁1 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁1 is step C is determined in one₁1 numerical value；

C₁2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 2 ＞ 1000mm, C₁2 grade is grade I；As 800mm ＜ x₁2≤1000mm When, C₁2 grade is grade II；As 600mm ＜ x₁During 2≤800mm, C₁2 grade is grade III；As 400mm ＜ x₁2≤ During 600mm, C₁2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁During 2≤400mm, C₁2 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁2 be in step 1 Determined C₁2 numerical value；

C₁3 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁During 3 ＜ 0.05, C₁3 grade is grade I；As 0.05≤x₁During 3 ＜ 0.15, C₁3 grade is grade II；As 0.15≤x₁During 3 ＜ 0.30, C₁3 grade is grade III；As 0.30≤x₁During 3 ＜ 0.50, C₁3 Grade be grade IV；Work as x₁When 3 >=0.50, C₁3 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁3 by determining C in step 1₁3 number Value；

C₁4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁4 ＜ 1 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade I；When 1 × 10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 10 ×10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade II；When 10 × 10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 100 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade III；When 100×10⁴m³≤x₁4 ＜ 1000 × 10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁4≥1000×10⁴m³When, C₁4 grade For grade V；Wherein, x₁4 by determining C in step 1₁4 numerical value；

C₁5 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₁5 ＜ 10km²When, C₁5 grade is grade I；Work as 10km²≤x₁5 ＜ 20km²When, C₁5 grade is grade II；Work as 20km²≤x₁5 ＜ 40km²When, C₁5 grade is grade III；Work as 40km²≤x₁5 ＜ 80km²When, C₁5 grade is grade IV；Work as x₁5≥80km²When, C₁5 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₁5 by determining C in step 1₁5 Numerical value；

C₂2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₂During 2 ＜ 0.5MPa, C₂2 grade is grade I；As 0.5MPa≤x₂2 ＜ During 1.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade II；As 1.0MPa≤x₂During 2 ＜ 3.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade III；Work as 3.0MPa ≤x₂During 2 ＜ 5.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₂During 2 >=5.0MPa, C₂2 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₂2 are C is determined in step 1₂2 numerical value；

C₂4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₂During 4 ＞ 50m, C₂4 grade is grade I；As 30m ＜ x₂During 4≤50m, C₂4 Grade is grade II；As 10m ＜ x₂During 4≤30m, C₂4 grade is grade III；As 5m ＜ x₂During 4≤10m, C₂4 grade is Grade IV；Work as x₂During 4≤5m, C₂4 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₂4 by determining C in step 1₂4 numerical value；

C₃2 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃2 ＜ 100m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade I；Work as 100m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 1000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade II；Work as 1000m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 10000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade III；When 10000m³/d≤x₃2 ＜ 100000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃2≥100000m³During/d, C₃2 grade is Grade V；Wherein, x₃2 by determining C in step 1₃2 numerical value；

C₃3 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 3 ＜ 0.5km, C₃3 grade is grade I；As 0.5km≤x₃3 ＜ 1.0km When, C₃3 grade is grade II；As 1.0km≤x₃During 3 ＜ 3.0km, C₃3 grade is grade III；As 3.0km≤x₃3 ＜ During 10.0km, C₃3 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃During 3 >=10.0km, C₃3 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃3 be step 1 Middle determined C₃3 numerical value；

C₃4 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 4 ＜ 0.5km, C₃4 grade is grade I；As 0.5km≤x₃4 ＜ 1.0km When, C₃4 grade is grade II；As 1.0km≤x₃During 4 ＜ 3.0km, C₃4 grade is grade III；As 3.0km≤x₃4 ＜ During 10.0km, C₃4 grade is grade IV；Work as x₃During 4 >=10.0km, C₃4 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃4 be step 1 Middle determined C₃4 numerical value；

C₃5 grading standard is as follows：Work as x₃During 5 ＜ 5%, C₃5 grade is grade I；As 5%≤x₃During 5 ＜ 20%, C₃5 Grade be grade II；As 20%≤x₃During 5 ＜ 35%, C₃5 grade is grade III；As 35%≤x₃During 5 ＜ 50%, C₃5 Grade is grade IV；Work as x₃When 5 >=50%, C₃5 grade is grade V；Wherein, x₃5 by determining C in step 1₃5 number Value.
6. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 5 to groundwater environment, its It is characterised by：Using identified membership function to C in step 3₁The degree of membership of 1 In Grade I, II, III, IV and V is carried out During calculating, according to formula WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 3 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₁When the degree of membership of 5 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₂When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₂When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 2 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula With It is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 3 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 4 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated；

To C₃When the degree of membership of 5 In Grades I, II, III, IV and V is calculated, according to formula

WithIt is respectively calculated.
7. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 1 or 2 to groundwater environment, It is characterized in that：The grading standard of Disturbance evaluation index described in step 2 includes the grade classification of 6 qualitative indexes Standard；

Wherein, C₂1 grading standard is as follows：When the formation lithology of the tunnel section is mud stone, shale or clay rock, C₂1 Grade be grade I；When the formation lithology of the tunnel section is sandstone or packsand, C₂1 grade is grade II；When the tunnel When the formation lithology of road section is weathered granite or igneous rock, C₂1 grade is grade III；When the formation rock of the tunnel section When property is catamorphism rock, C₂1 grade is grade IV；When the tunnel section formation lithology for can lava class when, C₂1 etc. Level is grade V；

C₂3 grading standard is as follows：When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is agensis, C₂3 etc. Level is grade I；When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is relatively to develop, C₂3 grade is grade II；When this When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of tunnel section is develops, C₂3 grade is grade III；When the rock mass section of the tunnel section When managing cranny development situation to develop preferable, C₂3 grade is grade IV；When the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development shape of the tunnel section Condition is C when physically well developing₂3 grade is grade V；

C₂5 grading standard is as follows：When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is HCO₃During type, C₂5 grade for etc. Level I；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is HCO₃-SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade II；When the tunnel section Ground water chemistry type be SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade III；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is Cl- SO₄During type, C₂5 grade is grade IV；When the ground water chemistry type of the tunnel section is Cl types, C₂5 grade is grade Ⅴ；

C₂6 grading standard is as follows：When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is weak, C₂6 grade for etc. Level I；When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is weaker, C₂6 grade is grade II；When the tunnel section When rock permeability degree of strength is medium, C₂6 grade is grade III；When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section For it is stronger when, C₂6 grade is grade IV；When the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is strong, C₂6 grade is Grade V；

C₃1 grading standard is as follows：When the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection be without when, C₃1 grade for etc. Level I；When the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is weak, C₃1 grade is grade II；When the tunnel When road section and the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are medium, C₃1 grade is grade III；When the tunnel section with When the degree of strength of ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is stronger, C₃1 grade is grade IV；When the tunnel section and ecology are sensitive When the degree of strength of area's hydraulic connection is strong, C₃1 grade is grade V；

C₃6 grading standard is as follows：When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is CRD methods, C₂1 grade is grade I； When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is CD methods, C₂1 grade is grade II；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is During partial excavation method, C₂1 grade is grade III；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is up/down steps excavating load, C₂1 Grade be grade IV；When the type of tunnel excavation construction method is full face tunneling method, C₂1 grade is grade V；Institute It is drilling and blasting method to state partial excavation method, up/down steps excavating load and full face tunneling method.
8. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 7 to groundwater environment, its It is characterised by：To C in step 1₂3 when being determined, according to the rock quality designation RQD of the tunnel section to the tunnel section ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation be determined；As RQD ＞ 90%, illustrate the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development of the tunnel section Situation is agensis；As 75% ＜ RQD≤90%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is relatively to send out Educate；As 50% ＜ RQD≤75%, the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation for illustrating the tunnel section is development；As 25%≤RQD When≤50%, illustrate that the ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of the tunnel section is preferable for development；As RQD ＜ 25%, illustrate this The ROCK MASS JOINT cranny development situation of tunnel section is to physically well develop；

To C₂6 when being determined, as the coefficient of permeability K ＜ 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-5During cm/s, illustrate the rock of the tunnel section Stone water penetration degree of strength is weak；When the infiltration coefficient 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-5Cm/s≤K ＜ 10^-4During cm/s, illustrate this The rock permeability degree of strength of tunnel section is weaker；When the infiltration coefficient 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-4Cm/s≤K ＜ 10^- ²During cm/s, the rock permeability degree of strength for illustrating the tunnel section is medium；When the infiltration coefficient 10 of the tunnel section country rock^-2During cm/s≤K ＜ 1cm/s, the rock permeability degree of strength for illustrating the tunnel section is stronger；When the tunnel section country rock During coefficient of permeability K >=1cm/s, illustrate that the rock permeability degree of strength of the tunnel section is strong.
9. the evaluation method disturbed according to the ecological sensitive areas highway tunnel construction described in claim 7 to groundwater environment, its It is characterised by：To C in step 1₃1 when being determined, true according to the hydraulic gradient i ' carry out of construction area residing for the tunnel section It is fixed, and hydraulic gradient i ' numerical value is bigger, the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are stronger；

Wherein, when being determined to the hydraulic gradient i ' of construction area residing for the tunnel section, applied according to residing for the tunnel section Spacing L residing for work area domain and the position relationship of ecological sensitive areas and the tunnel section between construction area and ecological sensitive areas enters Row determines；When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at obliquely downward and the L >=250m of ecological sensitive areas, i '≤0.1；When this When construction area residing for tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and 100m≤L ＜ 250m, 0.1 ＜ i '≤0.25；When When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and 50m≤L ＜ 100m, 0.25 ＜ i '≤0.5；When When construction area residing for the tunnel section is located at the obliquely downward of ecological sensitive areas and L ＜ 50m, 0.5 ＜ i ' ＜ 1；When the tunnel section When construction area residing for section is located at underface and the L≤50m of ecological sensitive areas, i '=1；

To C₃1 when being determined, and as i '≤0.1, illustrates that the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection are nothing；As 0.1 ＜ During i '≤0.25, illustrate that the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is weak；When 0.25 ＜ i '≤0.5 When, illustrate that the degree of strength of the tunnel section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is medium；As 0.5 ＜ i ' ＜ 1, illustrate the tunnel The degree of strength of road section and ecological sensitive areas hydraulic connection is stronger；As i '=1, illustrate that the tunnel section is sensitive with ecology The degree of strength of area's hydraulic connection is strong.