CN105045969A - 一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法 - Google Patents

一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法 Download PDF

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CN105045969A
CN105045969A CN201510375710.7A CN201510375710A CN105045969A CN 105045969 A CN105045969 A CN 105045969A CN 201510375710 A CN201510375710 A CN 201510375710A CN 105045969 A CN105045969 A CN 105045969A
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coal body
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CN105045969B (zh
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陆菜平
刘广建
刘洋
刘鹏飞
王洪宇
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法,(1)在冲击危险区域测试煤体中的应力值,得出应力梯度的分布情况;(2)在冲击危险区域煤体的一侧放炮或撞击煤壁,通过另一侧拾波器接收,然后进行CT层析成像技术得出波速梯度的分布情况;(3)由于应力梯度与波速梯度之间的耦合性,通过确定煤体发生冲击地压的应力梯度临界值,得出波速梯度临界值VGm;(4)在采煤机回采过程中,通过公式实时得到煤体中的波速梯度VG;(5)将实时检测得出的波速梯度VG与波速梯度临界值VGm进行比较,若VG小于VGm,则预测结果为安全;若VG大于VGm,则预测结果为危险。能实时预测冲击地压危险性,充分得出冲击地压突出危险性信息。

Description

一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种冲击地压危险性的预测方法,具体是一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法。
背景技术
近年来,随着经济发展的需求,采矿往深部发展,地质条件复杂,冲击地压发生的频率越来越高;在西北部地区,采深虽然较浅,冲击地压事故仍然多次发生。冲击地压是聚积在巷道和采场周围煤岩体中的应力能量突然释放,将煤岩抛向巷道,同时发出强烈声响,造成煤岩体震动和破坏,支架与设备损坏,人员伤亡,部分巷道垮落破坏等动力现象。冲击地压还会引发或可能引发其他矿井灾害,尤其是瓦斯、煤尘爆炸,火灾以及水灾,干扰通风系统,严重时造成地面震动和建筑物破坏等。因此,冲击地压是煤矿重大灾害之一。传统的预测方法有钻屑法、应力值法,这些方法指标单一,适用性差。现场的采掘工作面的地质条件复杂,根据冲击地压发生的机理及CT反演技术,冲击地压的发生与应力梯度有直接关系。传统的监测煤体中应力值的方法,操作复杂,只能监测局部点的应力值,无法对整个煤体中的应力值进行实时监测,而且破坏了煤体的力学结构。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法,能实时预测冲击地压危险性,充分得出冲击地压突出危险性信息。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:该种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法,其具体步骤为:
(1)采用钻屑法或应力计法在冲击危险区域测试煤体中的应力值,然后绘制应力分布曲线,通过对距离求导,得出应力梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
Δ σ = σ 1 - σ 2 Δ S
上式中:ΔS为应力点σ1和应力点σ2之间的距离,Δσ为应力梯度;
(2)在冲击危险区域煤体的一侧放炮或撞击煤壁,通过设置在另一侧拾波器接收,然后进行CT层析成像技术得到煤体中的波速分布,通过对距离求导,得出波速梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
V G = V 1 - V 2 Δ S
上式中:ΔS是测量的波速点V1和测量的波速点V2之间的距离,VG为波速梯度;
(3)由于应力梯度与波速梯度之间的耦合性,根据下述线性公式,得出随着应力梯度增加,波速梯度也线性增加,通过确定煤体发生冲击地压的应力梯度临界值,得出波速梯度临界值VGm
Vp=a×σλ
上式中,Vp表示P波波速;a是常数,是修正值;σ为应力值;λ是指数,常量;
(4)在采煤机回采过程中,在煤壁一侧每半小时撞击一次,在另一侧通过拾波器接收波,进而得到煤体中波速的分布,通过公式实时得到煤体中的波速梯度VG;
(5)将实时检测得出的波速梯度VG与波速梯度临界值VGm进行比较,若VG小于VGm,则预测结果为安全;若VG大于VGm,则预测结果为危险,可及时采取相应的解危措施。
与现有技术相比,本发明利用波速与应力之间的耦合特性,得出波速梯度与应力梯度之间存在线性关系,从而建立了地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测模型,实时预测冲击地压危险性,能充分得出冲击地压突出危险性信息,通过监测波速解决了应力值法只能监测煤体中局部应力的局限性,能实现对整个煤体进行反演分析,提高了冲击地压危险性预测的准确性,而且操作简单,耗费人力物力较少,能实现实时预测,具有较好的适用性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示,本发明的具体步骤为:
(1)采用钻屑法或应力计法在冲击危险区域测试煤体中的应力值,然后绘制应力分布曲线,通过对距离求导,得出应力梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
Δ σ = σ 1 - σ 2 Δ S
上式中:ΔS为应力点σ1和应力点σ2之间的距离,Δσ为应力梯度;
(2)在冲击危险区域煤体的一侧放炮或撞击煤壁,通过设置在另一侧拾波器接收,然后进行CT层析成像技术得到煤体中的波速分布,通过对距离求导,得出波速梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
V G = V 1 - V 2 Δ S
上式中:ΔS是测量的波速点V1和测量的波速点V2之间的距离,VG为波速梯度;
(3)由于应力梯度与波速梯度之间的耦合性,根据下述线性公式,得出随着应力梯度增加,波速梯度也线性增加,通过确定煤体发生冲击地压的应力梯度临界值,得出波速梯度临界值VGm
Vp=a×σλ
上式中,Vp表示P波波速;a是常数,是修正值;σ为应力值;λ是指数,常量;
(4)在采煤机回采过程中,在煤壁一侧每半小时撞击一次,在另一侧通过拾波器接收波,进而得到煤体中波速的分布,通过公式实时得到煤体中的波速梯度VG;
(5)将实时检测得出的波速梯度VG与波速梯度临界值VGm进行比较,若VG小于VGm,则预测结果为安全;若VG大于VGm,则预测结果为危险,可及时采取相应的解危措施。

Claims (1)

1.一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法,其特征在于,其具体步骤为:
(1)采用钻屑法或应力计法在冲击危险区域测试煤体中的应力值,然后绘制应力分布曲线,通过对距离求导,得出应力梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
Δ σ = σ 1 - σ 2 Δ S
上式中:△S为应力点σ1和应力点σ2之间的距离,△σ为应力梯度;
(2)在冲击危险区域煤体的一侧放炮或撞击煤壁,通过设置在另一侧拾波器接收,然后进行CT层析成像技术得到煤体中的波速分布,通过对距离求导,得出波速梯度的分布情况,具体公式为;
V G = V 1 - V 2 Δ S
上式中:△S是测量的波速点V1和测量的波速点V2之间的距离,VG为波速梯度;
(3)由于应力梯度与波速梯度之间的耦合性,根据下述线性公式,得出随着应力梯度增加,波速梯度也线性增加,通过确定煤体发生冲击地压的应力梯度临界值,得出波速梯度临界值VGm
Vp=a×σλ
上式中,Vp表示P波波速;a是常数,是修正值;σ为应力值;λ是指数,常量;
(4)在采煤机回采过程中,在煤壁一侧每半小时撞击一次,在另一侧通过拾波器接收波,进而得到煤体中波速的分布,通过公式实时得到煤体中的波速梯度VG;
(5)将实时检测得出的波速梯度VG与波速梯度临界值VGm进行比较,若VG小于VGm,则预测结果为安全;若VG大于VGm,则预测结果为危险。
CN201510375710.7A 2015-06-30 2015-06-30 一种地应力型冲击地压危险性多元信息耦合预测方法 Expired - Fee Related CN105045969B (zh)

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CN106501857A (zh) * 2016-11-02 2017-03-15 中国矿业大学 一种煤矿巷道冲击地压危险性的声学监测方法
CN107633146A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-01-26 国家电网公司 一种不同尺度模型间地应力计算结果高精度转换的方法
CN109798106A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-05-24 辽宁工程技术大学 一种冲击地压危险性的预测方法及防治措施

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106501857A (zh) * 2016-11-02 2017-03-15 中国矿业大学 一种煤矿巷道冲击地压危险性的声学监测方法
CN107633146A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-01-26 国家电网公司 一种不同尺度模型间地应力计算结果高精度转换的方法
CN107633146B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2021-03-30 国家电网公司 一种不同尺度模型间地应力计算结果高精度转换的方法
CN109798106A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-05-24 辽宁工程技术大学 一种冲击地压危险性的预测方法及防治措施

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