CN105044634B - Magnetic resonance analysis permanent magnet device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了磁共振分析用永磁体装置，包括轭铁、磁极板、引导铁和匀场线圈板，所述轭铁上固定有一对对称的磁极板，所述轭铁围成封闭的磁体回路且所述磁极板位于所述磁体回路内，所述匀场线圈板经所述引导铁固定在所述磁极板上，所述轭铁上固定有加热电阻，所述加热电阻连接至恒温控制电源，所述磁极板上设有温度传感器，还包括PID恒温控制系统用于调节所述加热电阻的电流以控制磁场的均匀性，所述温度传感器与所述PID恒温控制系统连接，匀场线圈板、匀场电源组及自动匀场调节系统连接至所述PID恒温控制系统，所述PID恒温控制系统根据所述匀场线圈板的补偿电流来调节所述加热电阻的工作电流。本发明提供的磁共振分析用永磁体装置，可解决线圈发热量加大后导致磁体温度变化而使磁场稳定性变差的问题。
The invention discloses a permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis, comprising a yoke, a magnetic pole plate, a guide iron and a shim coil plate, a pair of symmetrical magnetic pole plates are fixed on the yoke, and the yoke forms a closed magnet circuit And the magnetic pole plate is located in the magnet circuit, the shim coil plate is fixed on the magnetic pole plate through the guide iron, a heating resistor is fixed on the yoke iron, and the heating resistor is connected to a constant temperature control power supply , the magnetic pole plate is provided with a temperature sensor, and also includes a PID constant temperature control system for adjusting the current of the heating resistor to control the uniformity of the magnetic field, the temperature sensor is connected with the PID constant temperature control system, and the shimming coil plate . The shimming power supply group and the automatic shimming adjustment system are connected to the PID constant temperature control system, and the PID constant temperature control system adjusts the working current of the heating resistor according to the compensation current of the shim coil plate. The permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis provided by the present invention can solve the problem that the temperature of the magnet changes and the stability of the magnetic field deteriorates due to the increase of the heating value of the coil.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种磁共振分析用永磁体装置。The invention relates to a permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis.
背景技术Background technique
磁体是所有核磁共振系统中的关键部件，甚至被称为心脏；其主要技术指标有均匀性、稳定性和均匀区域范围等；目前用做核磁共振磁体的主要有超导磁体和永磁体。超导磁体价格昂贵，永磁体均匀性和稳定性有一定差异。因此永磁体需要进行匀场调节，匀场调节有几个手段，首先是磁体设计，其次是磁钢工艺控制(包括磁钢颗粒均匀性、和磁化角度均一性、磁钢烧结温度的均一性、磁钢表面的光洁度)，再次是机械匀场(主要是调整磁钢平行度和同心度)，再次是无源匀场(在磁极板面粘贴小磁片)，最后是有源匀场，即通过施加可调电流的匀场线圈组来实现匀场调节。Magnet is a key component in all NMR systems, even called the heart; its main technical indicators include uniformity, stability, and uniform area range; currently, superconducting magnets and permanent magnets are mainly used as NMR magnets. Superconducting magnets are expensive, and there are certain differences in the uniformity and stability of permanent magnets. Therefore, permanent magnets need to be shimmed. There are several methods for shimming. The first is the magnet design, and the second is the control of the magnet process (including the uniformity of the magnet particles, the uniformity of the magnetization angle, the uniformity of the sintering temperature of the magnet, smoothness of the surface of the magnetic steel), mechanical shimming (mainly to adjust the parallelism and concentricity of the magnetic steel), passive shimming (pasting a small magnetic piece on the surface of the magnetic pole plate), and finally active shimming, that is The shimming adjustment is realized by applying the shimming coil group with adjustable current.
有源匀场技术就是给特殊形状设计的导线线圈(匀场线圈)组通电，产生大小沿三维空间方向以一定规律变化的一系列微小磁场，用该系列小磁场去抵消原磁场中的各种不均匀项，最终实现磁场的均匀化。Active shimming technology is to energize a wire coil (shimming coil) group with a special shape design to generate a series of tiny magnetic fields whose size changes with a certain law along the three-dimensional space direction, and use this series of small magnetic fields to offset various in the original magnetic field. The inhomogeneity term finally achieves the homogenization of the magnetic field.
要实现大范围匀场时，所需匀场的电流较大，电流增加后导致线圈发热量加大，线圈的发热量加大会使匀场线圈外面的磁体受热导致温度变化，从而导致磁场的稳定性变差，另外线圈发热也会导致自身电阻的变化，而使匀场效果不均匀。To achieve large-scale shimming, the current required for shimming is relatively large. The increase in current will cause the coil to heat up, and the increase in coil heat will cause the magnet outside the shimming coil to be heated and cause temperature changes, resulting in the stability of the magnetic field. In addition, the heating of the coil will also cause the change of its own resistance, which will make the shimming effect uneven.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中的问题，本发明目的是提供一种磁共振分析用永磁体装置，以解决有源匀场实现大范围匀场导致线圈发热的问题。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis, so as to solve the problem of coil heating caused by active shimming to achieve large-scale shimming.
基于上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案是：Based on the above problems, the technical solution provided by the invention is:
磁共振分析用永磁体装置，包括轭铁、磁极板、引导铁和匀场线圈板，所述轭铁上固定有一对对称的磁极板，所述轭铁围成封闭的磁体回路且所述磁极板位于所述磁体回路内，所述匀场线圈板经所述引导铁固定在所述磁极板上，所述轭铁上固定有加热电阻，所述加热电阻连接至恒温控制电源，所述磁极板上设有温度传感器，还包括PID恒温控制系统用于调节所述加热电阻的电流以控制磁场的均匀性，所述温度传感器与所述PID恒温控制系统连接，匀场线圈板、匀场电源组及自动匀场调节系统连接至所述PID恒温控制系统，所述PID恒温控制系统根据所述匀场线圈板的补偿电流来调节所述加热电阻的工作电流。A permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis, including a yoke, a magnetic pole plate, a guide iron and a shim coil plate, a pair of symmetrical magnetic pole plates are fixed on the yoke, the yoke forms a closed magnet circuit and the magnetic poles The plate is located in the magnet circuit, the shim coil plate is fixed on the magnetic pole plate through the guide iron, a heating resistor is fixed on the yoke iron, the heating resistor is connected to a constant temperature control power supply, and the magnetic pole A temperature sensor is arranged on the board, and a PID constant temperature control system is used to adjust the current of the heating resistor to control the uniformity of the magnetic field. The temperature sensor is connected with the PID constant temperature control system, a shim coil plate, a shim power supply The group and the automatic shimming adjustment system are connected to the PID constant temperature control system, and the PID constant temperature control system adjusts the working current of the heating resistor according to the compensation current of the shim coil plate.
进一步的，所述PID恒温控制系统中PID算法的比例、积分和微分参数通过所述温度传感器测得所述磁极板表面的温度来确定参数值，在控制过程中以最终设定目标值作为函数自变量，得到比例、积分和微分参数。Further, the proportional, integral and differential parameters of the PID algorithm in the PID constant temperature control system determine the parameter values by measuring the temperature on the surface of the magnetic pole plate through the temperature sensor, and use the final set target value as a function during the control process Independent variable, get the proportional, integral and derivative parameters.
进一步的，还包括磁体箱，所述轭铁、磁极板、引导铁和匀场线圈板均置于所述磁体箱内。Further, a magnet box is also included, and the yoke iron, the magnetic pole plate, the guide iron and the shim coil plate are all placed in the magnet box.
进一步的，所述加热电阻旁还设有小风扇。Further, a small fan is also provided beside the heating resistor.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点是：Compared with prior art, the advantage of the present invention is:
采用本发明的技术方案，将匀场电源组、自动匀场调节系统及匀场线圈板连接至PID恒温控制系统中，可将匀场线圈板的工作电流计入轭铁的恒温加热系统中，将匀场线圈板产生的热量转化为有益的部分，解决现有技术中线圈发热量加大后使磁体受热导致温度变化而使磁场稳定性变差的问题。By adopting the technical solution of the present invention, the shimming power supply group, the automatic shimming adjustment system and the shimming coil plate are connected to the PID constant temperature control system, and the working current of the shimming coil plate can be included in the constant temperature heating system of the yoke, The heat generated by the shim coil plate is converted into useful parts, and the problem in the prior art that the magnet is heated and the temperature changes due to the increase of the heat generated by the coil is solved, which makes the stability of the magnetic field worse.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. The accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. As far as the skilled person is concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
图1为本发明磁共振分析用永磁体装置实施例的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis of the present invention;
图2为现有技术中有源匀场系统的工作原理图；FIG. 2 is a working principle diagram of an active shimming system in the prior art;
图3为本发明的工作原理示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;
其中：1、轭铁；2、磁极板；3、引导铁；4、匀场线圈板；5、加热电阻；6、磁体箱；7、小风扇。Among them: 1. Yoke iron; 2. Magnetic pole plate; 3. Guide iron; 4. Shim coil plate; 5. Heating resistor; 6. Magnet box; 7. Small fan.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明。应理解，这些实施例是用于说明本发明而不限于限制本发明的范围。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体厂家的条件做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。The above solution will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of specific manufacturers, and the implementation conditions not indicated are usually the conditions in routine experiments.
参见图1，为本发明的实施例，提供一种磁共振分析用永磁体装置，其包括轭铁1、磁极板2、引导铁3和匀场线圈板4，本例中有四块轭铁1围成封闭的磁体回路，在轭铁1上固定有一对对称的磁极板2，磁极板2均位于该磁体回路内，匀场线圈板4经引导铁3固定在磁极板2上，轭铁1和引导铁3一方面起到固定的作用，另一发面还可实现对磁力线的封闭和均匀化的作用；为了实现对磁极板2的加热，现有技术中，轭铁1上固定有加热电阻5，参见图2，通过PID恒温控制系统控制加热电阻5工作电流It，恒温控制电源经PID恒温控制系统连接至加热电阻5，而匀场线圈板4工作电流Is通过自动匀场调节系统和匀场电源组来控制。Referring to Fig. 1, it is an embodiment of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet device for magnetic resonance analysis, which includes a yoke 1, a magnetic pole plate 2, a guide iron 3 and a shim coil plate 4, and there are four yokes in this example 1 forms a closed magnet circuit, and a pair of symmetrical magnetic pole plates 2 are fixed on the yoke iron 1. The magnetic pole plates 2 are all located in the magnet circuit, and the shim coil plate 4 is fixed on the magnetic pole plate 2 through the guide iron 3. The yoke iron 1 and guide iron 3 play a fixed role on the one hand, and the other side can also realize the effect of sealing and homogenizing the magnetic field lines; in order to realize the heating of the magnetic pole plate 2, in the prior art, the yoke 1 is fixed with The heating resistor 5, see Fig. 2, the working current It of the heating resistor 5 is controlled by the PID constant temperature control system, the constant temperature control power supply is connected to the heating resistor 5 through the PID constant temperature control system, and the working current Is of the shimming coil plate 4 is passed through the automatic shimming adjustment system and shim power packs to control.
有源匀场在大范围匀场时，往往需要较大的电流，而较大的电流导致匀场线圈板4产生的热量增加，匀场线圈板4产生的热量经引导铁3传递给磁极板2会导致磁极板2温度变化而使磁场稳定性变差，为了解决这一问题，本例中将匀场线圈板4的工作电流引入磁极板2的恒温控制系统中，PID恒温控制系统根据匀场线圈板的补偿电流来调节加热电阻的工作电流，减少加热电阻5的工作电流即可实现对磁极板2的恒温加热。When active shimming is used for large-scale shimming, a large current is often required, and the large current causes the heat generated by the shim coil plate 4 to increase, and the heat generated by the shimming coil plate 4 is transferred to the magnetic pole plate through the guide iron 3 2 will cause the temperature of the magnetic pole plate 2 to change and make the stability of the magnetic field worse. In order to solve this problem, the working current of the shim coil plate 4 is introduced into the constant temperature control system of the magnetic pole plate 2 in this example. The compensation current of the field coil plate is used to adjust the working current of the heating resistor, and the constant temperature heating of the magnetic pole plate 2 can be realized by reducing the working current of the heating resistor 5 .
具体的，参见图3，恒温控制电源和匀场电源组经PID恒温控制系统分别与加热电阻和匀场线圈板连接，在磁极板上设有温度传感器，该温度传感器与PID恒温控制系统连接，PID恒温控制系统内集成有PID控制算法，PID算法的比例、积分和微分参数通过温度传感器测得磁极板表面的温度来确定参数值，在控制过程中以最终设定目标值作为函数自变量，得到比例、积分和微分参数，PID恒温控制系统是基于偏差的比例(P)、积分(I)和微分(D)进行自动调节控制的器件，是应用最为广泛的一种自动控制器，其核心是PID算法。其离散化公式为：Specifically, referring to Fig. 3, the constant temperature control power supply and the shim power supply group are respectively connected to the heating resistor and the shim coil plate through the PID constant temperature control system, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the magnetic pole plate, and the temperature sensor is connected to the PID constant temperature control system. The PID constant temperature control system is integrated with the PID control algorithm. The proportional, integral and differential parameters of the PID algorithm are determined by the temperature sensor on the surface of the magnetic pole plate to determine the parameter value. In the control process, the final set target value is used as the function argument. The proportional, integral and differential parameters are obtained. The PID constant temperature control system is a device for automatic adjustment and control based on the proportional (P), integral (I) and differential (D) of the deviation. It is the most widely used automatic controller. Its core is the PID algorithm. Its discretization formula is:
U(K)为最终控制输出量；U(K) is the final control output;
其中，比例调节控制系数(KP)，反应系统的基本(当前)偏差e(k)；系数大，可以加快调节，减小误差，但过大的比例使系统稳定性下降，甚至造成系统不稳定；积分调节系数(KI)，反应系统的累计偏差使系统消除稳态误差，提高无差度。只要有误差，积分调节就进行，直至无误差；微分调节系数(KD)，反映系统偏差信号的变化率e(k)-e(k-1)，具有预见性，能预见偏差变化的趋势，产生超前的控制作用，在偏差还没有形成之前，已被微分调节作用消除，因此可以改善系统的动态性能。但是微分对噪声干扰有放大作用，加强微分对系统抗干扰不利。积分和微分都不能单独起作用，必须与比例控制配合。本发明中将匀场的电流计入比例(KP)的调节部分，即计入e(K)，对积分(KI)和微分(KD)则维持原系数不变。Among them, the proportional adjustment control coefficient (K P ) reflects the basic (current) deviation e(k) of the system; if the coefficient is large, the adjustment can be accelerated and the error can be reduced, but if the ratio is too large, the system stability will decrease, and even the system will not Stability; integral adjustment coefficient (K I ), the cumulative deviation of the reaction system Make the system eliminate the steady-state error and improve the degree of invariance. As long as there is an error, the integral adjustment will be carried out until there is no error; the differential adjustment coefficient (K D ), reflecting the change rate e(k)-e(k-1) of the system deviation signal, is predictable and can predict the trend of deviation changes , leading to the control action, before the deviation has not been formed, it has been eliminated by the differential adjustment action, so the dynamic performance of the system can be improved. However, the differential can amplify the noise interference, and strengthening the differential is detrimental to the system's anti-interference. Neither integral nor differential can work alone, and must cooperate with proportional control. In the present invention, the shimmed current is included in the adjustment part of the ratio (K P ), that is, included in e(K), and the original coefficients are kept unchanged for the integral (K I ) and the differential (K D ).
PID恒温控制系统根据匀场线圈板的补偿电流Is调节加热电阻的工作电流为It-Is，将匀场电流转化为有益的部分，可解决大范围匀场情况下匀场线圈板发热量加大后导致磁极板温度变化而使磁场均匀性降低的问题。The PID constant temperature control system adjusts the working current of the heating resistor to It-Is according to the compensation current Is of the shimming coil plate, and converts the shimming current into a beneficial part, which can solve the problem of increasing the heat generation of the shimming coil plate in the case of large-scale shimming Finally, it leads to the problem that the temperature of the magnetic pole plate changes and the uniformity of the magnetic field decreases.
本例中还包括磁体箱6，将轭铁1、磁极板2、引导铁3和匀场线圈板4均设置在磁体箱6内与外界隔绝。In this example, a magnet box 6 is also included, and the yoke iron 1, the magnetic pole plate 2, the guide iron 3 and the shim coil plate 4 are all arranged in the magnet box 6 to be isolated from the outside world.
本例中还在加热电阻5的旁边设有小风扇7，以使加热电阻产生的热量均匀加热磁极板2。In this example, a small fan 7 is also arranged beside the heating resistor 5, so that the heat generated by the heating resistor can evenly heat the magnetic pole plate 2.
上述实例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人是能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above examples are only to illustrate the technical conception and characteristics of the present invention, and its purpose is to allow people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
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| CN201510493004.2A CN105044634B (en) | 2015-08-12 | 2015-08-12 | Magnetic resonance analysis permanent magnet device |
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| DE102019202001B3 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2020-06-25 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | MAS probe head with thermally insulated sample chamber |
| CN112068055B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-06-17 | 东南大学 | A Halbach magnet for non-invasive nuclear magnetic resonance detection of human finger blood glucose |
| CN118642023B (en) * | 2024-07-19 | 2025-05-20 | 苏州阿基米德网络科技有限公司 | Shimming control system and shimming method of magnetic resonance imaging system |
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