CN105044288A - Method for evaluating effective action distance of acid liquor on basis of limit of reacted acid - Google Patents
Method for evaluating effective action distance of acid liquor on basis of limit of reacted acid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for evaluating the effective action distance of acid liquor on basis of the limit of reacted acid. The method comprises the following steps: the effective action distance of acid liquor is evaluated through evaluation of the limit of reacted acids of crosslinked acid, gelled acid and diverter acid according to a method for determining the concentration of hydrogen ions in an acid fluid system. When reacted acid is prepared, the stratum acid rock reaction condition is simulated by using excessive rock to fully react with acid, therefore the property of the obtained reacted acid is similar to that of stratum reverse discharging reacted acid in practical construction; by measurement of the pH values of fresh acid and reacted acid under the formation temperature, the limit of reacted acids of the crosslinked acid, gelled acid and diverter acid fluid systems can be quickly and accurately evaluated and measured, errors of a conventional titration evaluating method can be eliminated, the effective action distance of acid liquor is obtained by substituting the limit of reacted acid into the acid concentration and effective action distance simulated diagram, the evaluation time is short, the evaluation cost is low and a theoretical support is provided for acid fracturing design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation method of acid solution coverage, be specifically related to a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit.
Background technology
Acid fracturing is the technical way of carbonate reservoir transformation, this technique is when injecting acid solution higher than when reservoir fracture pressure, press off crack, the uneven etching in acid solution meeting fracture face, and after termination of pumping release, acid-etched fracture face can not be completely closed, forms the acid-etched fracture with certain flow conductivity.Acid-etched fracture mask due to acid fracturing has that higher flow conductivity, net pressure are low, fracture height increase little, without the problem such as sand fallout and proppant backflow, make it in carbonate reservoir widespread use.
In Carbonate Acid Fracturing process, due to the factors such as acid-rock reaction speed is too fast, and acid liquid loss is serious impact, conventional acid liquid system can not etch the acid-etched fracture that has certain flow conductivity, and only reacts near wellbore.In order to slow down acid-rock reaction speed, prevent acid liquid loss, many retarded acid liquid system are applied in acid fracturing.More representatively in these acid fluid system comprise cross-linked acid, gel acid and turn to acid, its characteristic respectively:
(1) cross-linked acid, viscosifying agent crosslinked under sour environment and crosslinking chemical, being cross-linked by macromolecule plant glue, form solid netted chain, reduce a large amount of leak-offs of acid-rock reaction speed and acid solution, overcome the weak point of the acid fracturing method acid etching seam length such as fore negative bed, multistage injection acid fracturing, emulsified acid acid fracturing, gel acid acid fracturing, foamed acid acid fracturing, form slit, improve acid fracturing effect.The phased Achievements of cross-linked acid and yield-increasing technology thereof this research just, becomes the hot spot technology of reservoir reconstruction recent years.But because cross-linked acid exists cross linking conditions harshness, the features such as the change of properties of different materials is large, and acid liquid performance is unstable, the research of cross-linked acid experienced by the long period, defines different types.Generally name according to the function of acid solution or character, feature, comprise " become sticky acid ", " vena caval filter acid ", " temperature control cross-linked acid ", " ground surface crosslinking acid " etc.The position being at present cross-linked generation according to cross-linked acid is mainly divided into underground crosslinked acid (crosslinked occur in reservoir) and ground surface crosslinking acid (be cross-linked and occur in pit shaft or ground) two large classes, all crosslinked under sour environment, but character and function difference larger.
(2) gel acid, also known as gelled acid, adds the viscosity that viscosifying agent improves acid.Gelled acid can control fluid loss rate, increases fracture width, effectively keep laminar flow finally to realize the advantage of deep acidification.The acid fracturing of this acid fluid system reaches reduction fluid loss rate by increasing acid liquid viscosity, and its matrix acidifying is entered in low permeability formation with minimizing liquid by the passage of cleaning Thief zone.The action principle of this acid fluid system is: because acid liquid viscosity improves, so the rate of propagation of H+ slows down, its speed to rock skeleton surface diffusion also can and then slow down, the wear rate of such acid solution will reduce, and the fluid loss rate of fluid in reservoir also can reduce, and the reaction rate of acid solution and rock is under control, thus add the width in crack, improve the permeability of reservoir, finally cause penetration range to increase, play the effect of retarded acidizing.At present conventional viscosifying agent has: xanthans, PAM and can form the activating agent of rod-like micelles in acid solution.
(3) turn to acid, refer to the solution be mixed to form by a certain percentage by chain alkyl quaternary amine and long chain halides, nitrate and organic salt (as sodium salicylate, toluenesulfonate) etc.These systems just have very high viscosity and very strong elasticity when low concentration, the Gemini surface active agent of some special constructions is easy to form viscoelastic solution, and they are when low concentration, do not add other component and also can form viscoelastic solution.Viscoelastic surfactant turns to acid after being pressed into stratum by height, first along larger duct, can enter the reservoir that permeability is larger, react with carbonatite.Due to reaction, acid solution pH value raises and produces Ca2+.Surfactant in self-diverting acid is gemini quaternary ammonium salt class surfactant normally, and its feature is exactly less in pH value, when Ca2+ concentration is lower, and viscosity very little (viscosity close to water); When acid solution pH value increases, and when Ca2+ concentration is also large, the viscosity of self-diverting acid can increase automatically.Residual acid after becoming sticky can also enter larger permeability formations, macropore and high-permeability reservoir are blocked, force and inject acid solution pressure increase, due to pressure increase, the fresh acid of new injection can enter the less reservoir of permeability, and react with reservoir rock, there is viscosity and raise, inject acid fracturing power and raise.Like this, acid solution can be blocked up temporarily to all reservoirs, reduces the interlayer heterogeneity between each reservoir, reaches the object of uniform acid distribution.Another feature of self-diverting acid is: when running into the hydro carbons in stratum when acid solution, and self-diverting acid can promptly reduce its viscosity automatically, until its viscosity is again close to the viscosity of water, therefore the row of returning is comparatively thorough, can not damage reservoir and pollute.
Evaluate above three kinds of retarded acid liquid system, EFFECTIVE RANGE is a very important evaluation aspect.During acid fracturing, acid solution flows along crack to earth formation deep, and acid strength constantly reduces; After acid strength is down to finite concentration, acid solution loses solution ration substantially, is referred to as residual acid.Acid solution from before live acid becomes residual acid flow through the distance in crack, be called EFFECTIVE RANGE.Simulation drawing according to acid strength and EFFECTIVE RANGE can be found out, the residual sour limit has larger impact to acid solution operating distance, determines that the residual sour limit of acid fluid system objectively can instruct acid fracturing design, prediction acid fracturing effect.
The essence of acid-rock reaction is that the hydrogen ion in acid solution and the carbanion in rock forming mineral react.Reaction equation is as follows:
The residual sour limit evaluating method in indoor of current routine is: get the residual acid of experiment reaction and be positioned in experiment container, with the sodium hydroxide solution titration of concentration known.When residual acid pH reaches 7, illustrate that the H+ in residual acid is neutralized complete, then utilize the molar basis of the NaOH of consumption to calculate remaining acid solution molal quantity in residual acid, thus calculate residual sour limiting concentration.
These indoor evaluating method existing problems: one is that the residual acid of experiment reaction might not complete deactivation, directly carry out to this residual acid the error that titration easily causes the residual sour limit bigger than normal; Two is that pH declines, and acid-rock reaction mainly with the formula (2) is main when acid liquid reaction is to the later stage.The solubleness 16.60/100g pure water of calcium bicarbonate, therefore containing a certain amount of HCO3-ion in residual acid.The unionization of HCO3-ion goes out H+ ion, does not affect the residual sour limit of acid solution, but can react with OH-ion, causes the residual sour limit measured bigger than normal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned existing methodical shortcoming and defect, propose a kind of according to H in mensuration acid fluid system
+the method evaluation cross-linked acid of ion concentration, gel acid and turn to the residual sour limit of acid thus evaluate the method for effective distance of live acid.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit, comprise the following steps:
A () sets up the simulation drawing of acid strength and EFFECTIVE RANGE;
B (), under formation temperature conditions, is prepared cross-linked acid, gel acid respectively, is turned to acid, cross-linked acid, gel acid, turn to acid all to get 50 ~ 100ml, and is placed on respectively in experiment container;
C () utilizes pH meter to measure cross-linked acid, gel acid, turns to the pH value of acid, calculate three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations and record according to pH value, this acid solution volumetric molar concentration is initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
D (), respectively to the carbonatite core column adding 30 ~ 50g in experiment container, carbonatite core column is flooded completely, be placed in the water-bath of 40 DEG C, and water bath time is 24h; Filter after completion of the reaction, collect filtrate, this filtrate is residual acid, utilizes pH meter to measure the pH value of residual acid respectively and record under formation temperature conditions;
E residual acid pH is converted as volumetric molar concentration by () respectively, residual sour limit when being acid solution inactivation with the ratio of corresponding initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
F simulation drawing that the residual sour limit is brought into acid strength in step (a) and EFFECTIVE RANGE by () respectively obtains the EFFECTIVE RANGE of this acid fluid system.
Described formation temperature is 40 DEG C.
Described core column is equal regular cylindrical body, high 2cm, end diameter 2.5cm, selects large ox ground No. 77 well carbonatites, wherein rauhkalk content 81.22%.
According to mass percentage, in described cross-linked acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and crosslinking chemical accounts for 1%, and corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, and inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, and cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.
According to mass percentage, in described gel acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and jelling agent accounts for 0.7%, and corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, and inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, and cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.
According to mass percentage, described in turn to HCL in acid to account for 20%, turn to acid surfactant to account for 4.5%, corrosion inhibiter accounts for 1%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and clay stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, and surplus is distilled water.
Described crosslinking chemical is cumyl peroxide, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, and inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, and Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.
Described jelling agent is gelatin, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, and inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, and Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.
The described acid surfactant that turns to is oleic acid betaine, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, and Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and clay stabilizer is dimethyldiallylammonium chloride.
Three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations are calculated and record according to pH value described in step (c), and residual acid pH is converted respectively as volumetric molar concentration described in step (e), all by following formulae discovery:
C＝10
-pH
Wherein, C is acid solution volumetric molar concentration.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, has the following advantages:
The method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit provided by the invention is according to H in mensuration acid fluid system
+the method evaluation cross-linked acid of ion concentration, gel acid and turn to the residual sour limit of acid thus evaluate the method for effective distance of live acid.When preparing residual acid, simulated formation acid-rock reaction condition uses excessive rock and acid fully to react, and when the residual Acidity of gained and practice of construction, counter to arrange residual acid close on stratum; By measuring fresh acid and residual acid pH value at the formation temperature quick and precisely can be evaluated and tested cross-linked acid, gel acid and turn to the residual sour limit of sour acid fluid system, the error of conventional titration evaluation and test method can be eliminated, by bringing the EFFECTIVE RANGE that can obtain acid solution in the residual sour limit to the simulation drawing of acid strength and EFFECTIVE RANGE into, and evaluation time is short, evaluation cost is low, for acid fracturing design provides theories integration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cross-linked acid, gel acid and turns to the acid strength of sour acid fluid system and the simulation drawing of EFFECTIVE RANGE.
Fig. 2 is the cross-linked acid, the gel acid that obtain after the residual sour limit being brought into and turns to sour EFFECTIVE RANGE.
Embodiment
Further a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The invention provides a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit, comprise the following steps:
A () sets up the simulation drawing of acid strength and EFFECTIVE RANGE;
B (), under formation temperature conditions, is prepared cross-linked acid, gel acid respectively, is turned to acid, cross-linked acid, gel acid, turn to acid all to get 50 ~ 100ml, and is placed on respectively in experiment container;
C () utilizes pH meter to measure cross-linked acid, gel acid, turns to the pH value of acid, calculate three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations and record according to pH value, this acid solution volumetric molar concentration is initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
D (), respectively to the carbonatite core column adding 30 ~ 50g in experiment container, carbonatite core column is flooded completely, be placed in the water-bath of 40 DEG C, and water bath time is 24h; Filter after completion of the reaction, collect filtrate, this filtrate is residual acid, utilizes pH meter to measure the pH value of residual acid respectively and record under formation temperature conditions;
E residual acid pH is converted as volumetric molar concentration by () respectively, residual sour limit when being acid solution inactivation with the ratio of corresponding initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
F simulation drawing that the residual sour limit is brought into acid strength in step (a) and EFFECTIVE RANGE by () respectively obtains the EFFECTIVE RANGE of this acid fluid system.
It should be noted that, the modeling described in step (a), obtain cross-linked acid, gel acid and turn to the acid strength of sour acid fluid system and the simulation drawing of EFFECTIVE RANGE, gained process is as follows:
The ideal crack of the width W such as crack is considered as and equal altitudes h.If the acid solution initial concentration C0 of porch, crack is constant, along with the flowing reactive of acid solution in crack, acid strength pointwise reduces; In fracture height, if acid strength gradient is 0, therefore acid concentration is the function of coordinate x, y.If porch, crack acid solution initial velocity u
0be constant, owing to there is leak-off phenomenon in vertically oriented fracture wall direction, being located at again speed component on fracture height direction is 0, therefore acid solution is only along fracture height direction and vertical direction flowing, and flow velocity is also the function of coordinate x, y.Therefore the three-dimensional flow of acid solution can be simplified to the two-dimensional flow between perviousness parallel rock plate.In crack, get micro unit, according to hydrogen ion law of conservation of mass in micro unit, can set up and describe above acid solution along flow in fracture reaction to Diffusion Partial Differential Equations.Main assumed condition is as follows:
Acid solution does two-dimentional Laminar Flow and steady flow reaction along crack;
Acid solution is incompressible fluid;
Acid solution density is homogeneous, ignores the impact of natural convection on acid-rock reaction.
Consider that the acid-rock reaction mathematical model of common-ion effcet and Influence of Temperature Field is
The acid concentration [=C (x, y)] of C in formula---optional position, crack;
The acid solution velocity component in u (x), v (y)---x, y direction.
Boundary condition:
Cross-linked acid, gel acid and turn to the acid strength of sour acid fluid system and EFFECTIVE RANGE simulation drawing as shown in Figure 1.
The cross-linked acid, the gel acid that obtain after the residual sour limit is brought into and turn to sour EFFECTIVE RANGE for shown in Fig. 2.Concrete, the residual sour limit obtained is multiplied by cross-linked acid, gel acid, turns to sour initial mass mark, obtain its residual sour massfraction.The value obtained is brought respectively into the Y-axis in Fig. 1, namely the X-coordinate at the some place on corresponding curve is cross-linked acid, gel acid and turns to sour EFFECTIVE RANGE, as shown in Figure 2.
The experimental data drawn by above-mentioned steps is as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table: the residual sour limit of cross-linked acid is 4.578%, corresponding EFFECTIVE RANGE is 110.526m; The residual sour limit of gel acid is 6.035%, and corresponding EFFECTIVE RANGE is 89.0526m; The residual sour limit turning to acid is 4.080%, and corresponding EFFECTIVE RANGE is 95.1579m.
Residual acid of the present invention fully reacts rear gained with formation rock, and directly to measure H in residual acid
+the residual acid concentration of concentration conversion, eliminate error, compare conventional determining method more accurate.
Embodiment 2:
On the basis of embodiment 1, described core column is equal regular cylindrical body, high 2cm, end diameter 2.5cm, selects large ox ground No. 77 well carbonatites, wherein rauhkalk content 81.22%.According to mass percentage, in described cross-linked acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and crosslinking chemical accounts for 1%, and corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, and inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, and cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.According to mass percentage, in described gel acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and jelling agent accounts for 0.7%, and corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, and inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, and cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.According to mass percentage, described in turn to HCL in acid to account for 20%, turn to acid surfactant to account for 4.5%, corrosion inhibiter accounts for 1%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and clay stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, and surplus is distilled water.
Embodiment 3:
On the basis of embodiment 2, described crosslinking chemical is cumyl peroxide, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.Described jelling agent is gelatin, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, and inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, and Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.The described acid surfactant that turns to is oleic acid betaine, and corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, and Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and clay stabilizer is dimethyldiallylammonium chloride.Three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations are calculated and record according to pH value described in step (c), and residual acid pH is converted respectively as volumetric molar concentration described in step (e), all by following formulae discovery:
C＝10
-pH
Wherein, C is acid solution volumetric molar concentration.
More than exemplifying is only illustrate of the present invention, does not form the restriction to protection scope of the present invention, everyly all belongs within protection scope of the present invention with the same or analogous design of the present invention.The parts that the present embodiment does not describe in detail and structure belong to the well-known components of the industry and common structure or conventional means, do not describe one by one here.
Claims (10)
1. evaluate a method for effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A () sets up the simulation drawing of acid strength and EFFECTIVE RANGE;
B (), under formation temperature conditions, is prepared cross-linked acid, gel acid respectively, is turned to acid, cross-linked acid, gel acid, turn to acid all to get 50 ~ 100ml, and is placed on respectively in experiment container;
C () utilizes pH meter to measure cross-linked acid, gel acid, turns to the pH value of acid, calculate three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations and record according to pH value, this acid solution volumetric molar concentration is initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
D (), respectively to the carbonatite core column adding 30 ~ 50g in experiment container, carbonatite core column is flooded completely, be placed in the water-bath of 40 DEG C, and water bath time is 24h; Filter after completion of the reaction, collect filtrate, this filtrate is residual acid, utilizes pH meter to measure the pH value of residual acid respectively and record under formation temperature conditions;
E residual acid pH is converted as volumetric molar concentration by () respectively, residual sour limit when being acid solution inactivation with the ratio of corresponding initial acid solution volumetric molar concentration;
F simulation drawing that the residual sour limit is brought into acid strength in step (a) and EFFECTIVE RANGE by () respectively obtains the EFFECTIVE RANGE of this acid fluid system.
2. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described formation temperature is 40 DEG C.
3. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described core column is equal regular cylindrical body, high 2cm, end diameter 2.5cm, selects large ox ground No. 77 well carbonatites, wherein rauhkalk content 81.22%.
4. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to mass percentage, in described cross-linked acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and crosslinking chemical accounts for 1%, corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.
5. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to mass percentage, in described gel acid, HCL accounts for 20%, and jelling agent accounts for 0.7%, corrosion inhibiter accounts for 2%, inhibition synergistic agent accounts for 0.5%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, and expansion-resisting agent accounts for 1%, cleanup additive accounts for 1%, and surplus is distilled water.
6. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to mass percentage, describedly HCL in acid is turned to account for 20%, turn to acid surfactant to account for 4.5%, corrosion inhibiter accounts for 1%, and Fe stabilizer accounts for 1%, clay stabilizer accounts for 0.5%, and surplus is distilled water.
7. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described crosslinking chemical is cumyl peroxide, corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.
8. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described jelling agent is gelatin, corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, inhibition synergistic agent is benzotriazole, Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and expansion-resisting agent is quaternary ammonium salt, and cleanup additive is APES.
9. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described acid surfactant that turns to is oleic acid betaine, corrosion inhibiter is 2-phosphonobutane 1,2,4-tricarboxylic acids, Fe stabilizer is nitrilotriacetic acid, and clay stabilizer is dimethyldiallylammonium chloride.
10. a kind of method evaluating effective distance of live acid based on the residual sour limit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, three kinds of sour acid solution volumetric molar concentrations are calculated and record according to pH value described in step (c), with residual acid pH is converted as volumetric molar concentration respectively, all by following formulae discovery described in step (e):
C=10
-pH
Wherein, C is acid solution volumetric molar concentration.
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| CN117054284A (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2023-11-14 | 西南石油大学 | Acid rock reaction rate prediction device and method |
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| CN112362538A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-02-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring penetration depth of surfactant into rock |
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| CN117054284B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2023-12-22 | 西南石油大学 | Acid rock reaction rate prediction device and method |
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