CN105042666A - Wide-load heat supply energy saving system of back pressure type small turbine driving induced draft fan - Google Patents

Wide-load heat supply energy saving system of back pressure type small turbine driving induced draft fan Download PDF

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CN105042666A
CN105042666A CN201510369162.7A CN201510369162A CN105042666A CN 105042666 A CN105042666 A CN 105042666A CN 201510369162 A CN201510369162 A CN 201510369162A CN 105042666 A CN105042666 A CN 105042666A
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steam
back pressure
type small
pressure type
introduced machine
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CN105042666B (en
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杨劲
郑赟
范永春
潘灏
马雪松
李伟科
范旭
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China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a wide-load heat supply energy saving system of a back pressure type small turbine driving induced draft fan. The system comprises a main turbine, a back pressure type small turbine, an induced draft fan, a boiler reheater, a deaerator and a low-pressure heater, wherein a steam discharge end of a high-pressure cylinder in the main turbine is connected with a steam inlet end of the boiler reheater; one of steam outlet ends of the boiler reheater is connected with a steam inlet end of a medium-pressure cylinder to form a reheating loop; the other one of the steam outlet ends of the boiler reheater is connected with a steam inlet end of the back pressure type small turbine to form a heat supply loop; a power output end of the back pressure type small turbine is connected with a driving input end of the induced draft fan to form an induced draft fan driving loop; one of steam discharge ports of the medium-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet end of the deaerator through a heat return steam extracting pipe; the other one of the steam discharge ports of the medium-pressure cylinder is connected with a steam inlet end of the low-pressure heater through a steam extracting pipe to form a heat returning loop; and a steam extracting and replenishing structure of the heat supply loop is formed between all connecting pipelines of the low-pressure heater, a condensed water pipe, the deaerator and the medium-pressure cylinder and a heat supply pipe network. The system improves the heat supply operation economy, and has the advantages of higher operation adjusting flexibility and better heat supply economy.

Description

The wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine, be applicable to thermal power plant heat supply.Belong to steam power plant technical field.
Background technology
At present, the application of efficient Turbo-generator Set becomes the emphasis that electric power is distributed rationally, and strict energy-saving and emission-reduction index request closes down small-sized power plant for self-supply and the heating boiler of each enterprise, make large-scale conventional coal-burning power plant need to possess the requirement of peak regulation and heat capacity simultaneously.For fire coal conventional thermal power plant thermal power plant unit, main therrmodynamic system comprises reheat system, heat regenerative system, heating system and draught fan system.Reheat system refer to main steam turbine high pressure cylinder done work after steam discharge enter boiler reheater and again heat, enter main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder and continue acting, improve thermodynamic system efficiency.Heat regenerative system refers to draws gas in oxygen-eliminating device or low-pressure heater from main steam turbine cylinder each position partial pressure level, to condensate water and feedwater heating, improves unit operation efficiency.Heating system refers in the middle of steam turbine or steam discharge carries out external heat supply of drawing gas.Draught fan system refer to by drive unit drive air-introduced machine boiler exhaust gas is boosted, to overcome the resistance of equipment and flue in boiler exhaust gas process.
The more employing back pressure turbine of domestic small-sized pure steam supply and power generating plant, its heating system comprises back pressure turbine and steam discharge heat supply pipeline.Back pressure turbine admission vapour source is sub-high pressure high-temperature steam, generally more than 4MPa.g and 450 DEG C, meets heating network demand to maintain certain exhaust steam pressure, can also obtain higher turbine efficiency simultaneously.Because back pressure turbine thermal power plant unit is by the external heat supply of steam discharge, make use of the heat energy of all steam completely, do not have cold end loss, it is higher that it runs heat-economy.Back pressure turbine thermal power plant unit is applicable to the power plant with stable heating load, has certain limitation during application.
In prior art, the annexation of each system of the conventional coal-burning power plant's thermal power plant unit of Large Copacity.Main steam turbine high pressure cylinder steam discharge enters boiler reheater, reheated steam enters the acting of main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder, the admission vapour source of the condensing-type small turbine of air-introduced machine is that main steam turbine intermediate pressure cylinder draws gas, and the latent heat of vaporization of steam to be taken away by its steam discharge to condenser by recirculated cooling water as cold end loss.Main steam turbine cylinder is taken from or its cross over pipe draws gas in heat supply vapour source of drawing gas, can draw gas for adjustment or non-adjustment, get final product external heat supply when reaching heat user pressure demand, adjusting the pressure drawn gas can not change with main steam turbine load variations or heat supply heat supply network load variations.
Owing to drawing gas from main steam turbine cylinder completely for hot vapour source, also need extra extraction to supply air-introduced machine condensing-type small turbine as power drive vapour source simultaneously, its steam discharge forms cold end loss after draining into condenser, finally become power plant's thermal performance and lose maximum part, in addition, this part extra drawing gas decreases the ability continuing acting at main steam turbine, and therefore economical effect of heat-supply is poor.
In prior art, fluctuate comparatively greatly when thermic load or die-off due to heat supply user demand, forcing back pressure type steam turbine generating set load down to run, when not meeting at low-load range exhaust steam pressure for thermal pressure, unit is then forced to close down.In addition, back pressure turbine, in order to maintain stable steam discharge heat supply back pressure, must higher load run, can not peaking generation.The maximum feature of back pressure steam turbines is efficient stable heat supply, does not possess electric load peak modulation capacity.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, drive the generating set extraction for heat supply of air-introduced machine less economical to solve existing condensing turbine, and the intrinsic narrow load operation very flexible of back pressure turbine, do not possess the shortcomings such as electric load peak regulation energy, a kind of Large Copacity thermal power generation unit heat supply therrmodynamic system simultaneously possessing efficient wide load heat supply and full load peak load regulation network ability is provided.
Object of the present invention can be realized by following technical scheme:
The wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine, comprise main steam turbine, back pressure type small turbine, air-introduced machine, boiler reheater, oxygen-eliminating device and low-pressure heater, high-pressure cylinder and intermediate cylinder is provided with in main steam turbine, the exhaust steam end of high-pressure cylinder connects the admission end of boiler reheater by high temperature gland steam exhauster, one of steam output end of boiler reheater connects the admission end of intermediate cylinder, forms reheat loop; Two of the steam output end of boiler reheater to connect the admission end of back pressure type small turbine by time high temperature steam pipe, form the heat supplying loop of back pressure type small turbine; The clutch end of back pressure type small turbine connects the driving input of air-introduced machine, forms air-introduced machine drive circuit; One of steam drain of intermediate cylinder connects the admission end of oxygen-eliminating device by regenerative steam pipeline, and two of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder to connect the admission end of low-pressure heater by extraction line, form backheat loop; The water inlet connection condensing water conduit of low-pressure heater, delivery port connect the water inlet end of oxygen-eliminating device by condensate pipe; The tee joint extraction steam pipe of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder; back pressure type small turbine energy exhaust steam end passes through heating network; heating network be communicated with condenser admission end, form generating set clean boot and accidental shutdown; heating network is communicated with extraction steam pipe and is communicated with the steam drain three of intermediate cylinder by extraction steam pipe, forms the filling structure of drawing gas of heat supplying loop.
Object of the present invention can be realized by following technical scheme:
Further, heating network is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder and the air intake of connection oxygen-eliminating device by extraction steam pipe, form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.
Further, heating network is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder and the admission end of connection low-pressure heater by extraction steam pipe, form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.
Further, described air-introduced machine drives air-introduced machine or two 50% capacity to drive air-introduced machine to form by 100% capacity.
Further, four of the steam drain of the intermediate cylinder of main steam turbine connects heating equipment by cross over pipe, forms for subsequent use or supplemental heat source structure of heating equipment.
Further, heating network connects with regenerative steam pipeline or extraction line by switching siphunculus, and this switching siphunculus to be connected with backheat loop by regenerative steam pipeline or extraction line and forms underload high heat and reclaim equalizing line.
Further, described low-pressure heater is a 100% capacity heater or two 50% capacity heaters.
The present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is due to the tee joint extraction steam pipe of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder, back pressure type small turbine energy exhaust steam end passes through heating network, heating network is communicated with the admission end of condenser, form generating set clean boot and accidental shutdown, heating network is communicated with extraction steam pipe and is communicated with the steam drain three of intermediate cylinder by extraction steam pipe, form the filling structure of drawing gas of heat supplying loop, therefore, when generating set normally runs, the steam discharge thermal pressure of back pressure type small turbine enough enters heating network, heating system is normally run, when under unit underload, small steam turbine exhaust steam pressure can not enter heating network, because two of steam discharge path passes through extraction steam pipe, regenerative steam pipeline or extraction line are communicated with the steam discharge port of intermediate cylinder, formed and the auxiliary of back pressure type small turbine admission is supplemented, the steam discharge thermal pressure of back pressure type small turbine is made enough to enter heating network, heating system is normally run, generating set clean boot and accidental shutdown function can be ensured, and when under unit underload, small steam turbine exhaust steam pressure can not enter heating network unit by peak regulation safe operation structure, when performing low-load running of machine set, heat source is changeable to draw gas for cylinder or its cross over pipe punch, realize the stable heating under unit underload.
2, air-introduced machine of the present invention adopts back pressure type small turbine to drive, high temperature and high pressure steam pipe access back pressure type small turbine is provided with from boiler reheater, thus, the back pressure type small turbine as the main heat source of steam discharge can be made to drive and to reduce main steam turbine cylinder extraction for heat supply amount, improve main steam turbine acting capacity, thus efficient heat supply when realizing unit high load capacity, the present invention drives the cylinder of the conventional thermal power plant unit of air-introduced machine to draw gas structure than condensing turbine, its hear rate significantly reduces, improve heat supply running economy, there is the advantage of higher runing adjustment flexibility and better economical effect of heat-supply
3, the present invention makes the non-programmed halt number of times that unit minimizing reduces because of unit or heating demand rate, thus decreases unit starting expense, reduces the operation and maintenance cost of power plant's Life cycle, improves the performance driving economy of power plant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of specific embodiments of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of specific embodiments of the invention 3.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of specific embodiments of the invention 4.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Specific embodiment 1:
With reference to the wide load heating energy-saving system of the back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine shown in Fig. 1, comprise main steam turbine, back pressure type small turbine 62, air-introduced machine 5, boiler reheater 4, oxygen-eliminating device 7 and low-pressure heater 8, high-pressure cylinder 1 and intermediate cylinder 2 is provided with in main steam turbine, the exhaust steam end of high-pressure cylinder 1 connects the admission end of boiler reheater 4 by high temperature gland steam exhauster 101, one of steam output end of boiler reheater 4 connects the admission end of intermediate cylinder 2, forms reheat loop; Two of the steam output end of boiler reheater 4 to connect the admission end of back pressure type small turbine 62 by time high temperature steam pipe 111, form the heat supplying loop of back pressure type small turbine; The clutch end of back pressure type small turbine 62 connects the driving input of air-introduced machine 5, forms air-introduced machine drive circuit; One of steam drain of intermediate cylinder 2 connects the admission end of oxygen-eliminating device 7 by regenerative steam pipeline 202, and two of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder 2 to connect the admission end of low-pressure heater 8 by extraction line 203, form backheat loop; The water inlet end that water inlet connects condensing water conduit, delivery port connects oxygen-eliminating device 7 by condensate pipe 301 of low-pressure heater 8; The tee joint extraction steam pipe 201 of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder 2; back pressure type small turbine 62 can pass through heating network 501 by exhaust steam end; heating network 501 be communicated with condenser 9 admission end, form generating set clean boot and accidental shutdown; heating network 501 is communicated with extraction steam pipe 201 and is communicated with the steam drain three of intermediate cylinder 2 by extraction steam pipe 201, forms the filling structure of drawing gas of heat supplying loop.
In embodiment, four of the steam drain of the intermediate cylinder 2 of main steam turbine connects heating equipment 3 by cross over pipe 102, forms for subsequent use or supplemental heat source structure of heating equipment.Heating network 501 is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder 2 and the air intake of connection oxygen-eliminating device 7 by extraction steam pipe 201, form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.Heating network 501 connects with regenerative steam pipeline 202 by switching siphunculus 502, and this switching siphunculus 502 to be connected with backheat loop by regenerative steam pipeline 202 and forms underload high heat and reclaim equalizing line.Described water pump 5 is that 100% capacity drives air-introduced machine, and low-pressure heater 8 is a 100% capacity heater.
Specific embodiment 2:
With reference to shown in Fig. 2, the technical characterstic of the present embodiment is: described water pump 5 is that two 50% capacity drive air-introduced machine, and two 50% capacity drive air-introduced machine to supply water respectively to two back pressure type small turbines 62.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment 3:
With reference to shown in Fig. 3, the technical characterstic of the present embodiment is: heating network 501 is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder 2 and the admission end of connection low-pressure heater 8 by extraction steam pipe 201, form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.Heating network 501 connects with extraction line 203 by switching siphunculus 502, and this switching siphunculus 502 to be connected with backheat loop by extraction line 203 and forms underload high heat and reclaim equalizing line.Described air-introduced machine 5 is that 100% capacity drives air-introduced machine.Low-pressure heater 8 is a 100% capacity heater.All the other are with embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment 4:
With reference to shown in Fig. 4, the technical characterstic of the present embodiment is: described water pump 5 is that two 50% capacity drive air-introduced machine, and two 50% capacity drive air-introduced machine to supply water respectively to two back pressure type small turbines 62.All the other are with embodiment 3.
Technical characterstic of the present invention is:
Air-introduced machine 5 is configured to 1 100% capacity and drives air-introduced machine or 2 50% capacity to drive air-introduced machine.Main steam turbine high pressure cylinder 1 part steam discharge 101 is taken from back pressure type small turbine admission vapour source, the high-pressure and high-temperature steam 111 after the heating of boiler reheater 4 part.Back pressure type small steam turbine exhaust steam mainly drains into heating network 501.Main steam turbine cylinder 2 extraction steam pipe 201 or its cross over pipe 102 draw gas as for subsequent use of heat supply or supplemental heat source, and converge outward supplying heat with back pressure type little steam turbine steam discharge heating network 501.Back pressure type small steam turbine exhaust steam arranges two-way bypass.One road heating network 501 one end is by draining into condenser 9 after decompression desuperheat, and the other end discharges outward supplying heat, starts and accidental shutdown function to realize a whole set of unit safety.An other road heating network 501 drains into oxygen-eliminating device 7 or low-pressure heater 8, namely heating network 501 is connected with extraction steam pipe 202 or is connected with extraction line 203, condensate water 301 is heated, when with realization, under unit underload, small steam turbine exhaust steam pressure can not enter heating network, unit still can peak regulation safe and highly efficient operation.When performing low-load running of machine set, heat source is changeable to draw gas for cylinder or its cross over pipe punch, and realizes the stable heating under unit underload.Low-pressure heater is a 100% capacity heater or two 50% capacity heaters.
Heating network 502 connects with regenerative steam pipe 202 or extraction line 203 by switching siphunculus 502, and this switching siphunculus 502 forms underload high heat by connecting with regenerative steam pipe 201 or extraction line 203 and reclaims equalizing line.Raise along with the reduction of unit load in back pressure type small steam turbine exhaust steam temperature, and under the behaviour in service that exhaust steam pressure reduces along with the reduction of unit load, steam discharge performing low-load running of machine set can not heat supply time, its degree of superheat is higher, select to drain into low-pressure heater 8 or oxygen-eliminating device 7 pairs of condensate water heat by switching siphunculus, thus reduce the quantity of steam even substituting former regenerative steam system, be increased in the acting steam of main steam turbine, improve unit output.Thereby, it is possible to make to reduce further for unit hear rate under thermal condition, can also meet at underload safe and highly efficient operation simultaneously, possess efficient heat supply and the large function of wide load peak regulation heat supply two simultaneously.
Back pressure type small turbine of the present invention drives the extraction line 203 being provided with and switching siphunculus 502 and can be connected to the regenerative steam pipe 202 between Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 2 and oxygen-eliminating device 7 or be connected between Steam Turbine Through IP Admission and low-pressure heater 4.Therefore, reduce in dispatching of power netwoks requirement or heat supply user demand, unit needs when underrun, though back pressure type small steam turbine exhaust steam can not be arranged into heating network, by entering low-pressure heater or oxygen-eliminating device, unit can be made to continue safe and highly efficient operation, be now switched to the adjustment extraction opening of main steam turbine cylinder for hot vapour source, realize the wide load peak regulation of unit and underload heat supply function.
Engineering example:
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 shows the four kind embodiment flow processs of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine of the present invention across load heating energy-saving technology.For conventional coal-fired station, particularly industrial park Large Copacity thermal power plant unit, below 600MW grade unit adopts 1 100% capacity air-introduced machine, or 600MW and above grade unit adopt 1 100% capacity air-introduced machine or 2 50% capacity air-introduced machine modes.Air-introduced machine drive unit all adopts back pressure type small turbine, and its admission vapour source is from the outlet of boiler vertical type low-temperature reheater, and its steam discharge and steam turbine adjustment are drawn gas and converged rear externally normal heat supply.Back pressure type small steam turbine exhaust steam increases by two bypasses.A bypass makes steam discharge by arranging into condenser after temperature-decreased pressure reducer, to realize unit starting, and holds small steam turbine exhaust steam when unit failure is shut down, reclaim working medium.A bypass makes steam discharge arrange into oxygen-eliminating device or low-pressure heater, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is shown as the embodiment flow process that steam discharge pipe network 501 converges with oxygen-eliminating device and the interconnective regenerative steam pipeline 202 of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is shown as the embodiment flow process that blow-off line 501 converges with low-pressure heater and the interconnective extraction line 203 of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission 2.Unit underload or heating demand lower time reduce the regenerative steam System steam amount of oxygen-eliminating device or low-pressure heater and reclaim heat, improve Economical Operation of Light-Loaded, realize the safe and efficient heat supply of underload and wide load peaking operation.
In addition, when heating demand has a larger fluctuation by Economic social environment or natural environment influence, can be drawn gas by main steam turbine group and meet underload heat demand.
Thermal condition is supplied at full capacity specified, contrast condensing-type small turbine drives the conventional power unit extraction for heat supply scheme of air-introduced machine, the present invention is ensureing on same heating demand basis, the external heat supply of the main steam turbine amount of drawing gas can be reduced, its hear rate value can reduce 20kJ/kWh, and generating standard coal consumption reduces about 0.8g/kWh.The hours of operation higher according to thermal power plant unit, a Spring Festival holidays fuel consumption conservation about 3,000,000 yuan ~ 4,000,000 yuan, can fuel saving expense about 100,000,000 yuan in power plant's Life cycle, and benefit is very considerable.

Claims (7)

1. the wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine, comprise main steam turbine, back pressure type small turbine (62), air-introduced machine (5), boiler reheater (4), oxygen-eliminating device (7) and low-pressure heater (8), high-pressure cylinder (1) and intermediate cylinder (2) is provided with in main steam turbine, it is characterized in that: the exhaust steam end of high-pressure cylinder (1) connects the admission end of boiler reheater (4) by high temperature gland steam exhauster (101), one of steam output end of boiler reheater (4) connects the admission end of intermediate cylinder (2), form reheat loop, two of the steam output end of boiler reheater (4) to connect the admission end of back pressure type small turbine (62) by time high temperature steam pipe (111), form the heat supplying loop of back pressure type small turbine, the clutch end of back pressure type small turbine (62) connects the driving input of air-introduced machine (5), forms air-introduced machine drive circuit, one of steam drain of intermediate cylinder (2) connects the admission end of oxygen-eliminating device (7) by regenerative steam pipeline (202), two of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder (2) to connect the admission end of low-pressure heater (8) by extraction line (203), form backheat loop, the water inlet of low-pressure heater (8) connects condensing water conduit, delivery port passes through the water inlet end that condensate pipe (301) connects oxygen-eliminating device (7), the tee joint extraction steam pipe (201) of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder (2), back pressure type small turbine (62) can pass through heating network (501) by exhaust steam end, heating network (501) be communicated with condenser (9) admission end, form generating set clean boot and accidental shutdown, heating network (501) is communicated with extraction steam pipe (201) and is communicated with the steam drain three of intermediate cylinder (2) by extraction steam pipe (201), forms the filling structure of drawing gas of heat supplying loop.
2. the wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: heating network (501) is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder (2) and the air intake of connection oxygen-eliminating device (7) by extraction steam pipe (201), form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.
3. the wide load heating energy-saving system of back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: heating network (501) is communicated with three of the steam drain of intermediate cylinder (2) and the admission end of connection low-pressure heater (8) by extraction steam pipe (201), form the filling structure of drawing gas to condensate water heating arrangement and heat supplying loop.
4. the wide load heating energy-saving system of the back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described air-introduced machine (5) drives air-introduced machine or two 50% capacity to drive air-introduced machine to form by 100% capacity.
5. the wide load heating energy-saving system of the back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: four of the steam drain of the intermediate cylinder (2) of main steam turbine connects heating equipment (3) by cross over pipe (102), form for subsequent use or supplemental heat source structure of heating equipment.
6. the wide load heating energy-saving system of the back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: heating network (501) connects with regenerative steam pipeline (202) or extraction line (203) by switching siphunculus (502), this switching siphunculus (502) to be connected with backheat loop by regenerative steam pipeline (202) or extraction line (203) and forms underload high heat and reclaim equalizing line.
7. the wide load heating energy-saving system of the back pressure type small turbine drive air-introduced machine according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described low-pressure heater (8) is a 100% capacity heater or two 50% capacity heaters.
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