Axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of small-tooth-difference speed reducers, and particularly relates to an axial lever driven small-tooth-difference speed reducer.
Background
Internal-engagement small-tooth-difference transmission has advantages of high contact strength, large torque, and the like, and is widely adopted by high-performance speed reducers, such as RV speed reducers, inner-translational gear speed reducers, three-ring speed reducers, and the like. However, with the increase of the output torque, the bearing is firstly problematic because the bearing works at a high rotating speed, and meanwhile, due to heavy load, the radial force is very large, and the problem is easy to occur due to long-term heavy load work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer, and provides a working scheme for driving an internal gear by an axial lever borne by a ball pair.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer comprising:
the bracket is externally extended with a plurality of first connecting plates;
the outer gear set comprises a first outer gear and a second outer gear which are sleeved outside the bracket and are oppositely arranged up and down, the number of teeth of the first outer gear is equal to that of the second outer gear, and a plurality of second connecting plates and a plurality of third connecting plates which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates extend out of the inner circumferences of the first outer gear and the second outer gear respectively;
the inner gear is sleeved outside the outer gear set and can be meshed with the outer gear set, and the number of teeth of the inner gear is greater than that of the first outer gear and that of the second outer gear;
the crankshaft is arranged above the bracket and comprises an input shaft for power input, and a first crank arm and a second crank arm which are sleeved on the input shaft, fixed with the input shaft and rotate together with the input shaft;
for the first crank arm or the second crank arm, a shell which can rotate relative to the first crank arm is sleeved outside the first crank arm or the second crank arm, a plurality of fourth connecting plates which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates symmetrically extend out of the shell along the horizontal direction,
wherein,
the lever is respectively movably connected with the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate or the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate, and the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are sequentially connected with the lever in a staggered manner;
or the lever is movably connected with the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate respectively;
the input shaft drives the first external gear or the second external gear to do circular motion through the lever, and in the motion process, the first external gear and the second external gear are respectively meshed with the two sides of the internal gear, which are symmetrical along the axis, so that the internal gear is driven to rotate.
Preferably, the axial levers drive the small-tooth-difference speed reducer, each lever is provided with three ball pairs, and the levers are respectively connected with the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate or the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate through the three ball pairs;
or four ball pairs are arranged on the lever which is partially symmetrically arranged, and the lever is respectively connected with the first connecting plate, the second connecting plate, the third connecting plate and the fourth connecting plate through the four ball pairs in a spherical surface mode.
Preferably, the axial lever drives the small tooth difference speed reducer, the lever is divided into a first sub-lever close to the fourth connecting plate and a second sub-lever far away from the fourth connecting plate by one ball pair close to the fourth connecting plate, and the length of the first sub-lever is greater than that of the second sub-lever.
Preferably, the axial lever drives the small tooth difference speed reducer, and the support is hollow.
Preferably, the axial levers drive the small tooth difference speed reducer, the number of the levers is even, and the levers are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the first external gear.
Preferably, the axial lever drives a small tooth difference speed reducer, and the first external gear and the second external gear have the same size.
An axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer comprising:
the inner gear set comprises a first inner gear and a second inner gear which are oppositely arranged up and down and have the same number of teeth, and a plurality of fifth connecting plates and a plurality of sixth connecting plates extend out of the outer circumferences of the first inner gear and the second inner gear respectively;
an outer gear provided inside the inner gear set and capable of meshing with the inner gear set, the number of teeth of the outer gear being smaller than the number of teeth of the first inner gear and the second inner gear;
the bracket is positioned outside the inner gear set, and a plurality of seventh connecting plates which correspond to the fifth connecting plates and the sixth connecting plates one to one extend inwards;
the crankshaft is arranged above the internal gear and comprises an input shaft for power input, and a first crank arm and a second crank arm which are sleeved on the input shaft, fixed with the input shaft and rotate together with the input shaft;
for the first crank arm or the second crank arm, a shell which can rotate relative to the first crank arm or the second crank arm is sleeved outside the first crank arm or the second crank arm, a plurality of fourth connecting plates which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fifth connecting plates and the sixth connecting plates symmetrically extend out of the shell along the horizontal direction,
wherein,
the lever is movably connected with the fifth connecting plate or the sixth connecting plate, the fourth connecting plate and the seventh connecting plate respectively;
the input shaft drives the first inner gear or the second inner gear to do circular motion through the lever, and in the motion process, the first inner gear and the second inner gear are respectively meshed with two sides of the outer gear, which are symmetrical along the axis, so that the outer gear is driven to rotate.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the lever is utilized to drive the first external gear or the second external gear to do circular motion through the input shaft, and in the motion process, the first external gear and the second external gear are respectively meshed with the two sides of the internal gear along the axis symmetry, so that the internal gear is driven to rotate; and the lever is separated by 3 ball pairs and is close to the first sub-lever of fourth connecting plate and keep away from the second sub-lever of fourth connecting plate, and the length of first sub-lever is greater than the length of second sub-lever, according to the balanced principle of lever, drives at the input shaft, namely drives in the one end of first sub-lever, can obtain bigger drive power, that is to say can greatly reduced the radial force of input, improve the bearing capacity of whole reduction gear.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer according to embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a force analysis principle of a lever in the axial lever-driven small tooth difference speed reducer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1 of the drawings, in which,
an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer comprising:
a plurality of first connection plates 110 are extended from the outer part of the bracket 1;
an external gear set 2 including a first external gear 210 and a second external gear 220, which are sleeved outside the bracket 1 and have the same number of teeth and are oppositely arranged up and down, wherein a plurality of second connecting plates 230 and a plurality of third connecting plates 240, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates 110, extend from the inner circumferences of the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220, respectively;
the inner gear 3 is sleeved outside the external gear set 2 and can be meshed with the external gear set 2, the number of teeth of the inner gear 3 is greater than that of the first external gear 210 and that of the second external gear 220, and for the sake of better clarity, the inner gear 3 in fig. 1 is only partially drawn;
the crankshaft is arranged above the bracket 1 and comprises an input shaft 410 for power input, and a first crank arm 420 and a second crank arm 430 which are sleeved on the input shaft 410 and are fixed with the input shaft 410 and rotate together;
for the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a housing 5 is sleeved outside the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a plurality of fourth connecting plates 510 corresponding to the first connecting plates 110 extend symmetrically from the outside of the housing 5 along the horizontal direction,
the lever 6 is movably connected with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, the third connecting plate 240 and the fourth connecting plate 510 respectively, and the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are sequentially connected with the lever in a staggered manner;
the input shaft 410 drives the first external gear 210 or the second external gear 220 to perform circular motion through the lever 6, and during the motion process, the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 are respectively engaged with two sides of the internal gear 3 symmetrically along the axis, so as to drive the internal gear 3 to rotate.
Wherein, the specific realization drives the internal gear 3 pivoted mode does: one of the ball pairs of two adjacent levers 6 alternately connects the first connecting plate 110 and the second connecting plate 230, respectively, the first connecting plate is divided into two types near the upper end and the lower end of the bracket 1, one of the ball pairs of two levers 6 symmetrical to each other connects the first connecting plate 110 near the upper end and the first connecting plate 110 near the lower end, respectively, and the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 are located between the first connecting plate 110 near the upper end of the bracket 1 and the first connecting plate 110 near the lower end of the bracket 1 along the axial direction of the bracket 1.
The axial lever drives the small tooth difference speed reducer, each lever 6 is provided with three ball pairs, and the lever 6 is respectively in spherical connection with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, the third connecting plate 240 and the fourth connecting plate 510 through the three ball pairs;
the axial lever drives the small tooth difference speed reducer, the lever 6 is divided into a first sub-lever close to the fourth connecting plate 510 and a second sub-lever far away from the fourth connecting plate by one ball pair close to the fourth connecting plate 510, and the length of the first sub-lever is larger than that of the second sub-lever.
The axial lever drives the speed reducer with small tooth difference, and the bracket 1 is hollow, so that other devices can be arranged in the hollow part.
The axial levers drive the speed reducer with small tooth difference, the number of the levers 6 is even, and the levers 6 are symmetrically distributed along the circumference of the first outer gear 210, so that the stress is more uniform, and the rotation of the inner gear 3 is better driven.
The axial lever drives the small tooth difference speed reducer, and the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 have the same size, so that the meshing degree with the internal gear 3 is better, and the internal gear 3 can be driven to rotate better.
The number of levers 6 in fig. 1 is 6, 3 pairs.
According to the invention, the lever 6 is utilized to drive the first external gear 210 or the second external gear 220 to do circular motion through the input shaft 410, and in the motion process, the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 are respectively meshed with two sides of the internal gear 3 along the axis symmetry, so that the internal gear 3 is driven to rotate; and the lever 6 is divided into a first sub-lever close to the fourth connecting plate 510 and a second sub-lever far away from the fourth connecting plate 510 by 3 ball pairs, the length of the first sub-lever is larger than that of the second sub-lever, and according to the lever balance principle, the driving force is larger when the input shaft is driven, namely, the driving force is driven at one end of the first sub-lever, namely, the input radial force can be greatly reduced, and the bearing capacity of the whole speed reducer is improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, which is similar to example 1 and is an alternative to fig. 1, except that: in embodiment 2, four ball pairs are disposed on a part of symmetrically disposed levers 6, the levers are respectively connected with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, the third connecting plate 240, and the fourth connecting plate 510 through the four ball pairs, 3 ball pairs are disposed on the other symmetrically disposed levers 6, the connection manner is the same as that of embodiment 1, and the three ball pairs are respectively connected with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, or the third connecting plate 240, and the fourth connecting plate 510, wherein two adjacent levers, one lever is disposed with three ball pairs, and the other lever is disposed with four ball pairs;
in embodiment 1, all the levers 6 are provided with three ball pairs, and the levers are respectively connected with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, the third connecting plate 240 and the fourth connecting plate 510 via the four ball pairs;
the first connecting plate 110 is located between the second connecting plate 230 corresponding to the first external gear 210 and the second connecting plate 240 corresponding to the second external gear 220.
Wherein, the specific realization drives the internal gear 3 pivoted mode does: the levers symmetrical to each other are connected with three ball pairs at the same time, or four ball pairs at the same time, if three ball pairs are connected, one of the two levers 6 symmetrical to each other is connected with the first connecting plate near the upper end and the first connecting plate near the lower end, respectively, and the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 are located between the first connecting plate 110 near the upper end of the bracket 1 and the first connecting plate 110 near the lower end of the bracket 1 along the axial direction of the bracket 1; if four ball pairs are connected, each lever 6 connecting the four ball pairs can simultaneously drive two external gears, i.e., the first external gear and the second external gear, in opposite directions, so that the function of one lever 6 is equivalent to that of the two symmetrical levers 6 in embodiment 1.
Example 3
Example 3 is similar to said example 1, with the difference that: the number of the levers 6 in embodiment 3 is 12, 6 pairs, and the number of the levers 6 in embodiment 1 is 6, 3 pairs.
As shown in figure 3 of the drawings,
an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer comprising:
a plurality of first connection plates 110 are extended from the outer part of the bracket 1;
an external gear set 2 including a first external gear 210 and a second external gear 220, which are sleeved outside the bracket 1 and have the same number of teeth and are oppositely arranged up and down, wherein a plurality of second connecting plates 230 and a plurality of third connecting plates 240, which are in one-to-one correspondence with the first connecting plates 110, extend from the inner circumferences of the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220, respectively;
the inner gear 3 is sleeved outside the external gear set 2 and can be meshed with the external gear set 2, the number of teeth of the inner gear 3 is greater than that of the first external gear 210 and that of the second external gear 220, and for the sake of better clarity, the inner gear 3 in fig. 1 is only partially drawn;
the crankshaft is arranged above the bracket 1 and comprises an input shaft 410 for power input, and a first crank arm 420 and a second crank arm 430 which are sleeved on the input shaft 410 and are fixed with the input shaft 410 and rotate together;
for the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a housing 5 is sleeved outside the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a plurality of fourth connecting plates 510 corresponding to the first connecting plates 110 extend symmetrically from the outside of the housing 5 along the horizontal direction,
the lever 6 is movably connected with the first connecting plate 110, the second connecting plate 230, the third connecting plate 240 and the fourth connecting plate 510 respectively, and the second connecting plate and the third connecting plate are sequentially connected with the lever in a staggered manner;
the input shaft 410 drives the first external gear 210 or the second external gear 220 to perform circular motion through the lever 6, and during the motion process, the first external gear 210 and the second external gear 220 are respectively engaged with two sides of the internal gear 3 symmetrically along the axis, so as to drive the internal gear 3 to rotate.
Example 4
As shown in figure 4 of the drawings,
an axial lever driven small tooth difference speed reducer comprising:
the internal gear set 7 comprises a first internal gear 710 and a second internal gear 720 which are oppositely arranged up and down and have the same number of teeth, and a plurality of fifth connecting plates 730 and a plurality of sixth connecting plates 740 respectively extend out of the outer circumferences of the first internal gear 710 and the second internal gear 720;
an outer gear 8 provided inside the inner gear set 7 and capable of meshing with the inner gear set 7, the number of teeth of the outer gear 8 being smaller than the number of teeth of the first inner gear 710 and the second inner gear 720;
a bracket 9 located outside the inner gear set 7 and having a plurality of seventh connecting plates 910 extending inward and corresponding to the fifth connecting plate 730 and the sixth connecting plate 740, wherein the bracket is only half drawn for visual display;
a crankshaft disposed above the inner gear 8, the crankshaft including an input shaft 410 for power input, and a first crank arm 420 and a second crank arm 430 fitted over the input shaft 410 and fixed to and rotatable with the input shaft;
for the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a housing 5 is sleeved outside the first crank arm 420 or the second crank arm 430, a plurality of fourth connecting plates 510 corresponding to the fifth connecting plates 730 and the sixth connecting plates 740 extend symmetrically from the outside of the housing 5 along the horizontal direction,
wherein,
the lever 6 is movably connected with the fifth connecting plate 730 or the sixth connecting plate 740, the fourth connecting plate 510 and the seventh connecting plate 910 respectively;
the input shaft 410 drives the first internal gear 710 or the second internal gear 720 to perform circular motion through the lever 6, and during the motion process, the first internal gear 710 and the second internal gear 720 are respectively meshed with two sides of the external gear 8 along the axis symmetry, so as to drive the external gear 8 to rotate.
Example 4 it is similar to example 1, except that: in embodiment 4, the support 9 is positioned outside and inside in sequence, and is respectively an internal gear set and an external gear; the external gears and the internal gears are interchanged, and the two external gears and one internal gear in embodiment 1 are replaced by one external gear and two internal gears, and the small tooth difference rotation is also formed.
As shown in fig. 5, in a lever, the ball pair O is a middle fulcrum, the ball pair a is a load output point, and the ball pair B is an input driving point. It can be seen that, when the same force and distance are output, the longer AO and BO are, the smaller the swing angle of the lever is, and the smaller the frictional loss at the O point is, and similarly, the smaller the spherical diameter of the O point is, the smaller the frictional distance is, and the smaller the loss is. However, at the same time, the greater the stress of the ball pair, the higher the strength of the rod member is required. The same occurs for ball pairs a and B.
The distance between AO is small relative to the length OB, so the force is large at A, O and small at ball set B. Therefore, the driving is carried out at the position B, the input radial force can be greatly reduced, and the bearing capacity of the whole speed reducer is improved. As long as the strength at AO meets the requirement, the whole speed reducer can work normally. In addition, the number of the levers can be increased properly to share the load, so that the working load is further improved, different lever lengths, lever thicknesses and ball diameters can be selected under different use conditions, namely different component strengths are selected, and a reasonable balance can be sought among the volume, the efficiency and the torque.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.