CN105040532A - Steel rail for heavy haul railway, production method thereof and application thereof - Google Patents
Steel rail for heavy haul railway, production method thereof and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105040532A CN105040532A CN201510439596.XA CN201510439596A CN105040532A CN 105040532 A CN105040532 A CN 105040532A CN 201510439596 A CN201510439596 A CN 201510439596A CN 105040532 A CN105040532 A CN 105040532A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel rail for a heavy haul railway and a manufacturing method thereof. Rail distance corners of the steel rail for the heavy haul railway are formed by globular pearlite structures. The thickness of the rail distance corners ranges from 3 mm to 5 mm, the rigidity of the rail distance corners ranges from 350 HB to 390 HB, and the ductility of the rail distance corners ranges from 13% to 16%. The manufacturing method includes the steps that a finishing rolled steel rail is rapidly cooled, and then rapid heating and heat preservation are carried out at the rail distance corners, wherein the conditions of rapid cooling include the starting cooling temperature of 800 DEG C to 880 DEG C, the cooling speed of 4 DEG C/s to 10 DEG C/s, and the final cooling temperature of 380 DEG C to 440 DEG C; the conditions of rapid heating and heat preservation are that the temperature of the rail distance corners is raised to 710 DEG C to 810 DEG C at the temperature raising speed of 3.0 DEG C/s to 4.0 DEG C/s, and the temperature is preserved for 3 min to 5 min. The steel rail for the heavy haul railway has the high strength, the high abrasion resistance and the high contact fatigue resistance and particularly has the excellent abrasion resistance and the excellent contact fatigue resistance in the earlier use stage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy haul railway rail and production method thereof and application.
Background technology
China railways is primarily of high speed passenger transportation railway, passenger-cargo mixed fortune railway, special mixed wan access composition, and wherein freight corridor occupancy volume is minimum.But due to the transport advantage of its uniqueness, as heavy in macro-axis, transport single-minded etc., make its conevying efficiency and economic benefit occupy leading superiority.As China expanding on Dalian-Qinhuangdao Railway, trace back yellow railway, its annual traffic reaches 4.4 hundred million tons and 2.3 hundred million tons respectively.Jing Baotielu was also changing to professional freight corridor gradually in recent years, and newly-built south, Jinzhong City railway is then the freight corridor and test wire that special 30 tons of axles are heavy.
The usual feature of special freight corridor is that axle is great, speed is low, rate of traffic flow is large, requires that rail has high strength, high rigidity and high abrasion resistance energy.But freight corridor is compared with high speed passenger transportation railway, its section, mountain area is more, and bend is more.In these bend sections, the fatigue performance early stage to heavy-duty steel rail requires higher.In bending section, Wheel Rail Contact interval is few, if the intensity of rail is high, wear hardness is good, easily produces rolling contact fatigue on the contrary.
In in recent years, relevant Rail Production enterprise has applied for relevant patented technology for high strength rail in China both at home and abroad, the intensity of raising rail, hardness and abrasion resistance is mainly carried out from the Composition Design aspect of rail, and relating to seldom to rail early application performance, Patents is roughly as follows.
(1) domestic Baotou Iron and Steel Company was in application " a kind of maraging steel rail special steel " patent (application publication number CN103014486A) in 2013, this patent relates to a kind of maraging steel rail special steel, it is characterized in that, its chemical composition comprises by weight percentage: C:0.70-0.82%, Si:0.13-0.60%, Mn:0.65-1.25%, P, S :≤0.025% and Al :≤0.007%, and all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
(2) company of Nippon Steel Manufacturing Corp was in application " the pearlitic high carbon steel rail that ductility is excellent and manufacture method thereof " (application publication number CN102803536A) in 2012, the present invention relates to the pearlitic high carbon steel rail that a kind of ductility is excellent, it in mass %, containing C: more than 0.85%-1.40%, Si:0.10-2.00%, Mn:0.10-2.00%, Ti:0.001-0.01%, V:0.005-0.20% and N < 0.0040%, remainder comprises iron and inevitable impurity; The content of Ti and V meets the scope of following formula (1), and rail's end portion is pearlitic structrure; 5≤[V (quality %)]/[Ti (quality %)]≤20 formulas (1).
(3) Cris British Co., Ltd. is in application in 2011 " rail steel that the excellence with anti-wear performance and rolling contact fatigue repellence combines " patent (application publication number CN101946019A), described steel is made up of following: 0.88-0.95% carbon, 0.75-0.92% silicon, 0.80-0.95% manganese, 0.05-0.14% vanadium, 0.008% nitrogen at the most, 0.030% phosphorus at the most, 0.008-0.030% sulphur, 2.5ppm hydrogen at the most, at the most 0.10% chromium, at the most 0.010% aluminium, 20ppm oxygen at the most, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.This patent rail has the RCF repellence more than 130000 circulations under water lubrication condition.
(4) NKK Corp was in application " can prevent the anvil faced rail that unstable fracture is expanded " (patent publication No. CN86106894A) in 1986, this Patent design rail composition is carbon 0.50-0.85% (percentage by weight, below only represent with %), siliceous 0.10-1.0%, containing manganese 0.50-1.50%, be phosphorously less than 0.035%, sulfur-bearing is less than 0.035%, be less than 0.050% containing aluminium, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.The web of the rail is organized as the line and staff control of high tenacity tempering bainite tissue or bainite and martensite.Rail can also containing, for example one or more elements lower: containing chromium 0.05-1.50%, containing molybdenum 0.05-0.20%, containing vanadium 0.03-0.10%, nickeliferous 0.10-1.00% and containing niobium 0.005-0.050%.
But a few aspect all only paid close attention to by above-mentioned rail, and do not take into account intensity, abrasion resistance and contact resistance fatigue behaviour simultaneously, especially more do not give special concern for the contact resistance fatigue behaviour that rail is early stage.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing freight rail and easily occur the present situation that contact fatigue is strained in early days in use, a kind of heavy haul railway rail and production method thereof are provided, this heavy haul railway rail has high strength, high-wearing feature and high contacting fatigue resistance, and the phase has excellent anti-wear performance and contacting fatigue resistance especially before use.
The invention provides a kind of heavy haul railway rail, the gauge angle of this heavy haul railway rail is by globular pearlite organizational composition, and the thickness at described gauge angle is 3-5mm, and hardness is 350-390HB, and elongation per unit length is 13-16%.
Present invention also offers the method for producing heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, the method comprises: cooled fast by the rail after finish to gauge, and then Fast Heating and insulation are carried out in tracking elongation position; The condition of quick cooling comprises: opening cold temperature is 800-880 DEG C, and cooling velocity is 4-10 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 380-440 DEG C; The condition of Fast Heating and insulation comprises: with the programming rate of 3.0-4.0 DEG C/s, gauge angle temperature is increased to 710-810 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min.
Invention additionally provides the method that the present invention produces heavy haul railway rail and produce the heavy haul railway rail obtained.
Invention additionally provides the application of heavy haul railway rail of the present invention in 30 tons and the heavy heavy haul railway of above macro-axis.
The present inventor finds that globular pearlite tissue is suitable as the metallographic structure at gauge angle due to its good moulding performance and slightly low abrasion resistance very much, such gauge angle is owing to having better moulding performance, can be ground off fast, form good wheel-rail contact relationship, the phase has good abrasion resistance and contacting fatigue resistance before use to make rail.The present inventor studies discovery further, in order to obtain the gauge angle of globular pearlite tissue, special heat treatment can be carried out in the production later stage of rail, such as first cooling fast, then Fast Heating and insulation are carried out in tracking elongation position, and gauge angle place can be made to generate globular pearlite tissue.The rail that method of the present invention obtains has excellent intensity, abrasion resistance and contacting fatigue resistance concurrently, is specially adapted to 30 tons and the heavy heavy haul railway of above macro-axis.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for manual, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with detailed description of the invention one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the area schematic at the gauge angle of heavy haul railway rail provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the globular pearlite tissue at the gauge angle of heavy haul railway rail according to the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the test point schematic diagram of the hardness test of the rail head matrix of heavy haul railway rail provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the test point schematic diagram of the hardness test at the gauge angle of heavy haul railway rail provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is the heating region schematic diagram of the rapid heating process of heavy haul railway rail provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals
The test position of the region A1 rail head matrix hardness at 1 gauge angle
The test position of the test position C1 gauge angle hardness of B1 gauge angle hardness
Detailed description of the invention
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, detailed description of the invention described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of heavy haul railway rail, the gauge angle of this heavy haul railway rail is by globular pearlite organizational composition, and the thickness at described gauge angle 1 is 3-5mm, and hardness is 350-390HB, and elongation per unit length is 13-16%, as shown in Figure 1.
Preferably, the thickness at the gauge angle 1 of described heavy haul railway rail is 3.5-4.7mm, and hardness is 355-375HB, and elongation per unit length is 13.4-15.3%; Preferably, the width at the gauge angle 1 of described heavy haul railway rail is 18-22mm.
In the present invention, the assay method of the thickness at described gauge angle 1 is etching pit method, and the assay method of hardness is GB/T231.1, and the assay method of elongation per unit length is GB/T228.1.As shown in Figure 4, the intermediate point of the position of hardness test point B1 and C1 at the gauge angle 1 of rail elongation 1 thickness roughly in-orbit.
In the present invention, the position at described gauge angle 1 is applicable to the position at general gauge angle, this area, the border at described gauge angle 1 is defined by metallographic structure, the particular location at metallographic structure to be the part of globular pearlite tissue be gauge angle of the present invention, as shown in the dash area of Reference numeral in Fig. 11 indication.The word that rail head in the present invention, the web of the rail etc. describe rail position is all applicable to the general definition in this area.Rail head matrix described in the present invention refers to the part of rail head except gauge angle 1.
According to heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, other positions except gauge angle 1 of described heavy haul railway rail are preferably by lamellar pearlite organizational composition.The metallographic structure at other positions of heavy haul railway rail except gauge angle 1 of the present invention allows in the process of producing containing other nonmetallic inclusion payment organizations a small amount of, the basic demand of industry to rail character can be met, preferably, lamellar pearlite tissue accounts for more than 95% of the metallographic structure at other positions except gauge angle 1, preferably accounts for more than 99.5%.
According to heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, the hardness of the rail head matrix except gauge angle 1 of described heavy haul railway rail is 380-420HB, and elongation per unit length is 10.0-12.5%.The assay method of the hardness of described rail head matrix is GB/T231.1, and the assay method of elongation per unit length is GB/T228.1.As shown in Figure 3, the roughly position of the about 10mm of the degree of depth on rail head axis, the position of the hardness test point A1 at the gauge angle 1 of rail.
The rail type of heavy haul railway rail of the present invention is preferably 75kg/m or 136RE.
According to heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, with the gross weight of described heavy haul railway rail for benchmark, described heavy haul railway rail can contain carbon, the silicon of 0.6-0.9 % by weight, the manganese of 0.8-1.3 % by weight, the chromium of 0.1-0.5 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.04-0.3 % by weight, the nickel of 0.1-0.25 % by weight of 0.76-0.86 % by weight, the phosphorus of less than 0.025 % by weight, the sulphur of less than 0.025 % by weight, the iron of 95.84-97.60 % by weight; In addition, according to the needs of rail strengthening, appropriate titanium and/or niobium can also be added, the titanium of such as 0.05-0.2 % by weight and/or the niobium of 0.05-0.1 % by weight.
Preferably, with the gross weight of described heavy haul railway rail for benchmark, described heavy haul railway rail can contain carbon, the silicon of 0.67-0.84 % by weight, the manganese of 0.95-1.2 % by weight, the chromium of 0.14-0.35 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.06-0.2 % by weight, the nickel of 0.12-0.18 % by weight of 0.77-0.84 % by weight, the phosphorus of less than 0.020 % by weight, the sulphur of less than 0.016 % by weight, the iron of 96.36-97.29 % by weight.
Below illustrate that rail main chemical elements of the present invention is limited in the reason of above-mentioned scope.
Carbon (C) is that rail obtains good obdurability coupling and the most important element of comprehensive mechanical property.When carbon content lower than 0.5 % by weight time, cannot strengthening effect be given full play to, cause rail strong hardness too low, and then the carbide proportion in steel and abrasion resistance properties cannot be ensured; When carbon content higher than 0.9 % by weight time, under technique of the present invention, the intensity index of steel is too high and toughness plasticity is too low, causes significantly affecting because carbide proportion is too high fatigue behaviour, is unfavorable for the safety in utilization of rail.The present inventor finds in process of the test, and the content of carbon is that 0.76-0.86 % by weight can reach preferably combination property.
The Main Function of silicon (Si) is deoxidation and improves intensity.When silicon content lower than 0.6 % by weight time, on the one hand the solid solution capacity strengthening effect that causes on the low side is not obvious, when silicon content higher than 0.9 % by weight time, will plasticity be reduced.
Manganese (Mn) is that to improve intensity requisite.The present inventor studies discovery, when manganese content lower than 0.8 % by weight time, be difficult to reach the effect increasing carbide hardness; When manganese content higher than 1.3 % by weight time, carbide much higher hard, the anti-fatigue performance of rail significantly reduces.Therefore, the content of described manganese is 0.8-1.3 % by weight.
Chromium (Cr), as medium carbide former, can form multiple carbide with the carbon in steel; Meanwhile, distribution of carbides in the even steel of chromium energy, reduces carbide size, improves the abrasion resistance properties of rail.When chromium content lower than 0.1 % by weight time, the carbide hardness of formation and ratio lower; When chromium content is higher than 0.5 % by weight, in steel, martensite occurrence probability will significantly improve, and the safety of the military service of rail is difficult to ensure.Therefore, the content of described chromium is 0.1-0.5 % by weight.
Vanadium (V), as the carbide formers of steel grade, significantly can strengthen the cementite intensity, hardness and the abrasion resistance that improve in pearlite, but too high content of vanadium can reduce the moulding of rail and toughness.Therefore, the content of described vanadium is 0.04-0.3 % by weight.
Nickel (Ni) element has the effect increasing its intensity and toughness in rail, but is above a certain amount of nickel, and its intensity can continue to increase, but its toughness there will be the phenomenon of decline.Therefore, the content of described nickel is 0.1-0.25 % by weight.
P and s is impurity element.When the content of phosphorus more than 0.025 % by weight and/or the content of sulphur more than 0.025 % by weight time, plasticity and toughness are all deteriorated, and therefore the upper limit of p and s is all 0.025 % by weight.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of producing heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, the method comprises: cooled fast by the rail after finish to gauge, and then Fast Heating and insulation are carried out in tracking elongation 1 position; The condition of quick cooling comprises: opening cold temperature is 800-880 DEG C, and cooling velocity is 4-10 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 380-440 DEG C; The condition of Fast Heating and insulation comprises: with the programming rate of 3.0-4.0 DEG C/s, gauge angle 1 temperature is increased to 710-810 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min.
In described method provided by the invention, described quick cooling procedure is also referred to as heat treatment process.In quick cooling procedure, for the rail of 75kg/m or 136RE rail type, due to higher to the performance requirement of its matrix, and under component system of the present invention, need to adopt the mode of cooling fast could realize the rail having high strength, high-wearing feature and high resistance contact fatigue concurrently.The speed of quick cooling may be controlled to 4-10 DEG C/s, is preferably 6-8 DEG C/s; Simultaneously, for ensureing that quick cooled temperature can not be too low, it is opened cold temperature and controls to be 800 DEG C-880 DEG C, be preferably 820-860 DEG C, simultaneously more smooth and easy for ensureing follow-up natural cooling process, the temperature of described quick cooling procedure can not be too low, and requiring in the present invention that its quick cooled temperature controls more than 380 DEG C is such as 380-440 DEG C, is preferably 390-430 DEG C.In order to ensure higher to open cold temperature, after finish to gauge, promptly should cool fast, thus eliminating the conventional popular drama crop operation of carrying out after finish to gauge.Herein, the roller transport speed of fast cooling is preferably 4-5m/s, and the medium of cooling fast can be the cooling medium of the conventional use in this area, such as, can be at least one in compressed air and gas-vapor mix.
The present inventor have passed through large quantity research, also find that the metallographic structure in order to realize gauge angle 1 of the present invention is globular pearlite tissue, can after above-mentioned quick cooling, Fast Heating and insulation are carried out in tracking elongation 1 position immediately, and the condition of Fast Heating and insulation comprises: with the programming rate of 3.0-4.0 DEG C/s, gauge angle 1 temperature is increased to 710-810 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min; Preferably, with the programming rate of 3.2-3.8 DEG C/s, gauge angle 1 temperature is increased to 750-790 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min.
In accordance with the present production process, preferably, the mode of described Fast Heating is flame heating; It can be various conventional fuel gas that flame heats fuel gas used, such as, be H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4one or more mixing in three kinds, are preferably H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4the mixing of three kinds of gases, preferably, H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4the ratio of three kinds of gases is 1:1-2:3-5; In order to make the abundant release heat of fuel gas, the volume ratio of described fuel gas and oxygen suitably can be selected according to the composition of fuel gas, preferably, when fuel gas is H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4during one or more gaseous mixture in three kinds, the volume ratio of fuel gas and oxygen is 1:1.5-5, is more preferably 1:2-4.
In accordance with the present production process, described insulation refers to tracking elongation 1 and is incubated, concrete method can be: when tracking elongation 1 carry out Fast Heating reach temperature required after, by regulating the flow-control temperature of fuel gas and oxygen, make gauge angle 1 realize insulation.
In accordance with the present production process, as shown in Figure 5, flame direction should be approximately perpendicular to the cambered surface at gauge angle 1 to the schematic diagram of described flame heating, and flame region roughly just should cover the region at gauge angle 1, when fuel gas is H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4during one or more gaseous mixture in three kinds, comparatively suitable when the distance at burner and gauge angle 1 is 6-10mm.
The present invention carries out finish to gauge and step before thereof to rail, and rail is cooled fast, step after Fast Heating and insulation can be all the step that can obtain the rail of lamellar pearlite tissue of this area routine.Such as, complete Rail Production technique of the present invention can be: the blast furnace vanadium-bearing hot metal first carrying out this area routine successively, vanadium extraction process, molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter smelting, the refining of LF stove+RH stove, six stream bloom protection continuous castings, stepped heating and 7 frame universal rolling techniques, obtain the rail after finish to gauge, then quick cooling of the present invention is carried out, Fast Heating and heat preservation method, afterwards the rail obtained is carried out successively the walking beam cooler of this area routine, flat, vertical compound straightening, ultrasound examination, cross dimensions, glacing flatness detects, combined saw brill+scale, surface inspection and warehouse-in.
In accordance with the present production process, the rail type of heavy haul railway rail is preferably 75kg/m or 136RE.
According to heavy haul railway rail of the present invention, the gross weight of described heavy haul railway rail is benchmark, described heavy haul railway rail can contain carbon, the silicon of 0.6-0.9 % by weight, the manganese of 0.8-1.3 % by weight, the chromium of 0.1-0.5 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.04-0.3 % by weight, the nickel of 0.1-0.25 % by weight of 0.76-0.86 % by weight, the phosphorus of less than 0.025 % by weight, the sulphur of less than 0.025 % by weight, the iron of 95.84-97.60 % by weight; In addition, according to the needs of rail strengthening, appropriate titanium and/or niobium can also be added, the titanium of such as 0.05-0.2 % by weight and/or the niobium of 0.05-0.1 % by weight.
Preferably, with the gross weight of described heavy haul railway rail for benchmark, described heavy haul railway rail can contain carbon, the silicon of 0.67-0.84 % by weight, the manganese of 0.95-1.2 % by weight, the chromium of 0.14-0.35 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.06-0.2 % by weight, the nickel of 0.12-0.18 % by weight of 0.77-0.84 % by weight, the phosphorus of less than 0.020 % by weight, the sulphur of less than 0.016 % by weight, the iron of 96.36-97.29 % by weight.
Invention additionally provides the method that the present invention produces heavy haul railway rail and produce the heavy haul railway rail obtained.
Present invention also offers the application of heavy haul railway rail of the present invention in 30 tons and the heavy heavy haul railway of above macro-axis.Rail of the present invention is owing to having high strength, high-wearing feature and high contacting fatigue resistance concurrently, and the phase has excellent anti-wear performance and contacting fatigue resistance especially before use, is specially adapted to require higher 30 tons and the heavy heavy haul railway of above macro-axis.
Below will be described the present invention by embodiment, but scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5 correspondence selects the rail of following numbering 1-5 chemical composition, and specific chemical composition is as shown in table 1
Table 1
Surplus is Fe, residual elements and field trash.
Embodiment 1
Will containing numbering in table 11 chemical composition steel through bessemerizing, LF refining, be cast into continuous casting steel billet after RH application of vacuum, then steel billet is delivered in walking beam furnace and be heated to 1300 DEG C and be incubated 3h, by the rail that billet rolling is 75kg/m rail type, utilization is turned over steel stand and is stood on roller-way by the rail after finish to gauge.Transported with the speed of 4.5m/s in Kun road, adopt gas-vapor mix to cool fast rail as cooling medium, the cold temperature of opening controlling cooling is fast 840 DEG C, and cooling velocity is 7 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 410 DEG C.After quick cooling, by H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4three kinds of gases are mixed into fuel gas with the volume ratio of 1:1.5:4, and the volume ratio of fuel gas and oxygen is 1:3, and tracking elongation 1 part carries out Fast Heating with the form of flame heating (as shown in Figure 5).The programming rate controlling Fast Heating is 3.6 DEG C/s, and when gauge angle 1 temperature is increased to 760 DEG C, by controlling the flow of fuel gas and oxygen, make the insulation about 4min at gauge angle 1, the distance at burner and gauge angle 1 regulates in 6-10mm.Then gained rail is sent into walking beam cooler process, more successively through ultrasound examination, cross dimensions, glacing flatness detection, combined saw brill+scale, surface inspection, final acquisition rail A1.
Embodiment 2-5 and comparative example 1-5
Embodiment 2-5 is according to the method for embodiment 1, and operating process controling parameters is different from embodiment 1, and specific operation process controling parameters is as shown in table 2, and the rail prepared according to embodiment 2-5 method is A2-A5; Processing mode in comparative example is the heat treatment method of existing patent, and specific operation process controling parameters is as shown in table 2, and the rail prepared according to comparative example 1-5 method is D1-D5.
Table 2
Test case
According to following methods, Performance Detection is carried out to rail A1-A5 and D1-D5 prepared by embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-5, particularly:
For the hardness at the rail head matrix of rail and gauge angle, thickness, elongation per unit length and metallographic structure, adopt following methods to record, acquired results is as shown in table 3:
The method of testing of the hardness at rail head matrix and gauge angle all measures according to the method for GB/T231.1; Elongation per unit length all measures according to the method for GB/T228.1; Metallographic structure all measures according to the method for GB/T13299; The method of testing of gauge angle 1 thickness is etching pit method; Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, the test point B1 of gauge angle 1 tested for hardness and the position (being roughly positioned at the intermediate point of gauge angle 1 thickness) of C1 are as shown in Figure 4 in the position (being roughly positioned at the position of the about 10mm of the degree of depth on rail head axis) of the test point A1 of rail head matrix hardness.Carry out TEM observation to the position, gauge angle 1 of the made rail of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 2, as can be seen from Figure 2, the metallographic structure at position, gauge angle 1 is the globular pearlite tissue be evenly distributed to result.
As follows for the intensity of rail, abrasion resistance, contacting fatigue resistance, the performance test methods such as tensile property and impact property, result is as shown in table 4:
Tensile strength R
mmethod of testing be GB/T228.1;
The method of testing of anti-contact fatigue is GB/T10622, be specially: carry out rail contact fatigue test at JPM-1B type contact fatigue test machine, the rail head position of rail A1-A5 and D1-D5 taken from by sample, in all contact fatigue tests, lower grind away material is all identical, and concrete test parameters is as follows:
Specimen size: the round sample of thickness 20mm, diameter 60mm,
Test load: 200Kg,
Slippage: 5%,
To the lower sample material of mill: hardness is the wheel steel of 280-320HB,
Environment: atmospheric environment,
The speed of rotation: 300 revs/min.
In addition, in the test process carrying out anti-contact fatigue, observe the wear phenomenon of Rail elongation, and record in table 4.
Table 3
Table 4
Can be found out by comparing embodiment and comparative example, the heavy haul railway rail that method according to the present invention prepares has the gauge angular zone of globular pearlite tissue, and tensile strength and contacting fatigue resistance better; And according to the gauge angular zone that the rail that the method for comparative example prepares does not have character obviously to distinguish, and tensile strength and contacting fatigue resistance poor.
In addition, the contacting points position at the beginning of rail contacts with wheel is elongation region (1 position see in Fig. 1) in-orbit, and because now the little contact stress that causes of contact area is high, the metal of contact zone easily reaches its fatigue limit.According to the gauge corner wear phenomenon shown in table 4, the gauge angle intensity of rail prepared by comparative example, hardness are high, and wear hardness is good, cause the metal of contact zone be not easily worn away and form fatigue crack, expansion, final formation peels off block, and the metal wear in rail contact zone is accelerated; And the gauge angle of rail prepared by the application will be worn before generation fatigue crack, such rail contact zone can not cause fatigue, peel off block, finally improves the wear hardness of rail.
More than describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a heavy haul railway rail, the gauge angle of this heavy haul railway rail is by globular pearlite organizational composition, and the thickness at described gauge angle is 3-5mm, and hardness is 350-390HB, and elongation per unit length is 13-16%.
2. heavy haul railway rail according to claim 1, wherein, other positions except gauge angle of described heavy haul railway rail are by lamellar pearlite organizational composition.
3. heavy haul railway rail according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, the hardness of the rail head matrix except gauge angle of described heavy haul railway rail is 380-420HB, and elongation per unit length is 10.0-12.5%.
4. heavy haul railway rail according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, with the gross weight of described heavy haul railway rail for benchmark, described heavy haul railway rail contains the iron of the carbon of 0.76-0.86 % by weight, the silicon of 0.6-0.9 % by weight, the manganese of 0.8-1.3 % by weight, the chromium of 0.1-0.5 % by weight, the vanadium of 0.04-0.3 % by weight, the nickel of 0.1-0.25 % by weight, the phosphorus of less than 0.025 % by weight, the sulphur of less than 0.025 % by weight and 95.84-97.60 % by weight.
5. produce a method for the heavy haul railway rail in claim 1-4 described in any one, the method comprises: cooled fast by the rail after finish to gauge, and then Fast Heating and insulation are carried out in tracking elongation position; The condition of quick cooling comprises: opening cold temperature is 800-880 DEG C, and cooling velocity is 4-10 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 380-440 DEG C; The condition of Fast Heating and insulation comprises: with the programming rate of 3.0-4.0 DEG C/s, gauge angle temperature is increased to 710-810 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min.
6. production method according to claim 5, wherein, the condition of cooling fast comprises: opening cold temperature is 820-860 DEG C, and cooling velocity is 6-8 DEG C/s, and final cooling temperature is 390-430 DEG C; The condition of Fast Heating and insulation comprises: with the programming rate of 3.2-3.8 DEG C/s, gauge angle temperature is increased to 750-790 DEG C and is incubated 3-5min.
7. the production method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein, the mode that described Fast Heating is heated by flame is carried out.
8. production method according to claim 7, wherein, the volume ratio that described flame heats fuel gas used and oxygen is 1:1.5-5; Preferably, described fuel gas is selected from H
2, C
2h
2and CH
4in one or more.
9. the heavy haul railway rail obtained is produced by the method in claim 5-8 described in any one.
10. the application of the heavy haul railway rail in claim 1-4 and 9 described in any one in 30 tons and the heavy heavy haul railway of above macro-axis.
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| WO2023077838A1 (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2023-05-11 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Medium-strength steel rail and production method therefor |
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