CN1050403C - Automatic pressure unit - Google Patents
Automatic pressure unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1050403C CN1050403C CN93116601A CN93116601A CN1050403C CN 1050403 C CN1050403 C CN 1050403C CN 93116601 A CN93116601 A CN 93116601A CN 93116601 A CN93116601 A CN 93116601A CN 1050403 C CN1050403 C CN 1050403C
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- cylinder
- low pressure
- mud
- valve
- motor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an automatic pressurizing devices which comprises a shell with an upper joint and a lower joint, an automotive pilot valve, a lengthening spacing rod, a low pressure cylinder, a pressurizing cylinder and various one-way valves. A mud stream from a mud pump is divided into three ways in annular space, wherein one-third of the mud stream is used for driving the low pressure cylinder; after a small part of the mud stream enters the pressurizing cylinder and is pressurized, a small part of the mud stream is sprayed to a rock stratum from a small water eye of a drill; the rest of the mud stream is sprayed out from a big water eye and is used for clarifying a bottom hole. The present invention has the characteristics of high drilling speed, simple structure, convenient use, low cost of drilling cost, etc.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic pressure unit, the down-hole automatic pressure unit that is used for hydraulic drilling in especially a kind of drilling technology.
At present, mainly be directly to apply the pressure of the drill in the conventional drilling process by rig, make the drill bit fractured rock, and use the ground slush pump to carry drilling fluid to purify the shaft bottom, return on the cutting carring.This boring method power consumption is big, efficient is low, and cost is higher under the situation of identical drilling depth, and especially the problems referred to above are more outstanding in deep drilling.
Now, people attempt the waterpower cutting technique is used for oil drilling industry.Carried out the experiment of super-pressure aided drilling in the seventies U.S.: in experimentation, the whole circulation mud pressure is brought up to 105MPa.Used water horse power is up to 2400, and its drilling depth has compared conventional raising 2～3 times.But, in well drilling industry, can not be widely used because its all devices need be born the pressure up to 105MPa.Early eighties U.S. Grsce Drilling company and Flow Drill company cooperated, and had released a kind of two drilling pipe well systems of novel ground supercharging in 1991.This pair of drilling pipe well system mainly is that 2 liters/second mud is pressurized to 230MPa, and be transported to the shaft bottom by the tubule of establishing in addition in the drilling rod, and the formed annular space of drilling rod and tubule still is the flow and the pressure of conventional mud pump, final little discharge capacity of high pressure and the big discharge capacity of low pressure spray to the shaft bottom by little hydrophthalmia of drill bit and big hydrophthalmia respectively, carry out many mouthfuls of drilling wells with this complete equipment, can improve 2～3 times of bit speed at medium ground.But this system also exists complex structure, failure probability height, use inconvenience, shortcoming such as cost an arm and a leg.
At present, conventional double acting automatic pressure unit, sufficiently high tension, resistance to compression, flexural strength can not be guaranteed to bear as patented technology GK86106346, GK861055903, WO91/07566 etc., drilling well work can't be carried out under the situation of, discharge capacity little big (about 1800 liters/second) in the space, down-hole.Low pressure (LP) cylinder, two pressurized cylinder in the middle of this, if be designed to tubular shape, its structure is complicated, processing technology is relatively poor, and reliability is not high, and the supercharging amplitude is restricted; And these supercharging devices generally only depend on hydraulicchange-over valve to control, and are easy to generate problems such as energy loss is big, commutation is steady inadequately, failure probability height.And necessary supporting two of conventional single-cylinder dual-action pressurized cylinder sucks one way valves, discharges one way valves for two, and this structure is not only complicated, but also can cause the boosted flow of two-way travel not wait or the pressure ratio difference.Though the single-acting automatic pressure unit is simple in structure in addition, but because one-stroke supercharging, the high-pressure fluid effect stratum time of its output is short, its rock breaking efficiency must reduce, the little hydrophthalmia of drill bit can only when non pressurized stroke, need be born the mud of per minute five, six hectolitres of control low pressure (LP) cylinder work so extraly by the design of the low discharge after the supercharging in addition, handle if establish mechanism in addition, must increase the complexity of single-acting supercharging device.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and provide a kind of motor-driven pilot valve and hydraulicchange-over valve of utilizing to unite the down-hole automatic pressure unit of the work of low pressure (LP) cylinder and high pressure cylinder being controlled and having two bursts of different flows ejections of high-pressure low-flow and low pressure and mass flow, this apparatus structure is simple, the supercharging amplitude is big, energy loss is little, good seal, commutation steadily, reliable operation, life-span be long, easy to use, cheap.The present invention utilizes the part drilling fluid of ground slush pump output to be used as power, and realizes reciprocating motion, automatic reverse, single-cylinder dual-action supercharging.Under the constant situation of the conventional equipment more than the supercharging device, can be pressurized to 170MPa to 250MPa to about 1 liter/second mud, and the most of flow that allows slush pump output within it portion pass through unblockedly, the mud that reaches two strands of different pressures different flows is by the large and small hydrophthalmia ejection of drill bit, form high-pressure hydraulic cutting, the broken rock of drill bit, the big discharge capacity mud purification of low pressure shaft bottom, landwaste is taken to aboveground new-type drilling rig with enough big speed.
Automatic pressure unit of the present invention, down-hole automatic pressure unit in particular for drilling well, include: up and down with the shell of connector, a low pressure (LP) cylinder, a pressurized cylinder, the piston rod of low pressure (LP) cylinder and pressurized cylinder coupling, make the piston in pressurized cylinder and the low pressure (LP) cylinder do one-way movement by piston rod, low pressure mud is divided into three parts in annular space, first's mud will be pressurized to super-pressure through pressurized cylinder, spray to the rock stratum by the little hydrophthalmia of drill bit with super-pressure, and second portion mud is continuously from the big hydrophthalmia ejection of drill bit, remaining mud is third part, and this automatic pressure unit has also been drawn together:
Motor-driven pilot valve by low pressure (LP) cylinder piston control commutation, its spool afterbody has the gag lever post of lengthening, this gag lever post is provided with two stroke limit steps, this valve is installed in the upper end of low pressure (LP) cylinder axis direction, realizes forcing transposition by two steps on the low pressure (LP) cylinder piston end surface bump lengthening gag lever post;
One by motor-driven pilot valve control commutation, and then the hydraulicchange-over valve that automaticallyes switch of control low pressure (LP) cylinder;
And/or the super-pressure one way valve that mud flows backwards can prevent to transfer drilling rod between outlet that is positioned on pressurized cylinder and the little hydrophthalmia of drill bit the time;
And/or one be positioned on the low pressure check valve that shaft bottom mud in the time of preventing from down between mud sprue and the drill bit to bore is scurried into supercharging device;
And/or drain charge one way valve that is arranged on motor-driven pilot valve, hydraulicchange-over valve and the path that the drilling tool annular space links to each other;
A pressurized cylinder that is located in the middle of the pressurized cylinder piston is discharged one way valve;
A pressurized cylinder that is located at the pressurized cylinder lower end sucks one way valve;
Described low pressure (LP) cylinder is by motor-driven pilot valve and two valve combinations of hydraulicchange-over valve control, and described piston rod is arranged on the one end;
Described pressurized cylinder is a single-cylinder dual-action cylinder that links to each other with piston rod;
Described piston rod is linked in the motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post of low pressure (LP) cylinder;
Described third part mud is used for controlling the commutation of motor-driven pilot valve and hydraulicchange-over valve and drives the low pressure (LP) cylinder motion;
The piston of described low pressure (LP) cylinder and piston rod center are provided with a hole that can hold motor-driven pilot valve core lengthening gag lever post, according to predetermined stroke motor-driven pilot valve are controlled with spacing.
The present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics:
1. can improve 1.5 to 2 times of rate of penetrations at medium ground;
2. can creep into lower the pressure of the drill, can extenuate the wearing and tearing of drill bit;
3. the superhigh pressure jetting drill bit adapts to stratigraphic type expansion, and the drill bit specification reduces, and has saved the more time of bit change that makes a trip simultaneously;
4. with MWD mud motor combination, can satisfy the operating mode of horizontal well and directional well, and obtain higher bit speed under the pressure of the drill condition being difficult to apply;
5. supporting with superhigh pressure jetting PDC drill bit, can improve 3 to 5 times to conventional drilling speed;
6. the present invention also has characteristics such as drilling cost simple in structure, cheap, easy to use, comprehensive is low.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of the present invention;
A kind of structure chart of Fig. 3 for providing at Fig. 2 principle;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram more of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an another schematic diagram of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, automatic pressure unit of the present invention, include up and down shell 1 with connector, and further include: a motor-driven pilot valve 3 by low pressure (LP) cylinder piston control commutation, its spool afterbody has the gag lever post 5 of lengthening, and the gag lever post 5 of lengthening is provided with two limited steps 16,16 '; One by the 3 control commutations of motor-driven pilot valve, and then the hydraulicchange-over valve 2 that automaticallyes switch of control low pressure (LP) cylinder; One by motor-driven pilot valve and hydraulicchange-over valve combination control, and the low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 that an end has a piston rod 6 i.e. fluid cylinder initiatively; The pressurized cylinder 8 of a single-cylinder dual-action that links to each other with piston rod 6; The super-pressure single valve 12 that mud flows backwards in the time of preventing to transfer drilling rod between outlet that is positioned on pressurized cylinder 8 and the little hydrophthalmia 13 of drill bit; One is positioned on the low pressure check valve 10 that shaft bottom mud in the time of preventing from down between mud sprue and the drill bit to bore is scurried into supercharging device; A drain charge one way valve 11 that is arranged on motor-driven pilot valve 3, hydraulicchange-over valve 2 and the path that the drilling tool annular space links to each other; One pressurized cylinder that is located in the middle of pressurized cylinder 8 pistons is discharged one way valve 7; A pressurized cylinder that is located at the pressurized cylinder lower end sucks one way valve 9.Above-mentioned piston rod 6 is low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 and pressurized cylinder 8 couplings, and piston rod 6 is linked in the motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post 5 of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4, by piston rod two pistons in high pressure cylinder, the low pressure (LP) cylinder is moved in the same way.Above-mentioned motor-driven pilot valve 3 is two-position four-way form or two-position three way form, and the motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post 5 of its spool is provided with two stroke limit steps 16; This valve is positioned on the upper end of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 axis directions, realizes forcing transposition by two steps 16 on the piston end surface bump lengthening gag lever post 5 of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4.Its hydraulicchange-over valve 2 is the two-position four-way form of surging, and it cooperates with motor-driven pilot valve, controls the switching of sprue.Low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 is provided with the double acting fluid cylinder of piston rod 6 for having only the lower end, and piston and piston rod center are provided with a hole that can hold motor-driven pilot valve 3 spools lengthening gag lever post 5, according to predetermined stroke motor-driven pilot valve 3 are controlled with spacing.Above-mentioned pressurized cylinder 8 is a single-cylinder dual-action, is connected with pressurized cylinder under it and sucks one way valve 9; Discharge one way valve 7 by pressurized cylinder between the upper and lower chamber of pressurized cylinder 8 and be connected, realize the discharge function of its mud; Pressurized cylinder is discharged one way valve 7 and can be positioned in the middle of piston and the piston rod, is positioned on the side of two fluid cylinders also capable of bypassly.
Various one way valves mentioned above are sphere or taper, also satisfy other form of its function.Its shell shape is for holding the cylinder diameter and the big as far as possible tubulose of pressure ratio that also can make low pressure (LP) cylinder and pressurized cylinder its all parts, that have sufficient intensity.
The present invention in use, the low pressure mud from the ground slush pump is transported to automatic pressure unit of the present invention by conventional water tap, drill string etc.Mud punishes into three the tunnel at G, J two, along arrow 1. flow about 1/3rd mud of direction be used for controlling the commutation of motor-driven pilot valve 3 and hydraulicchange-over valve 2 and drive the low pressure (LP) cylinder motion; Along arrow 2. about 1 liter/second flow will be pressurized to super-pressure through pressurized cylinder 8; 2. 2/3rds mud that account for slush pump output that distribute along arrow spray from the big hydrophthalmia 14 of drill bit 15 continuously, to guarantee that there is sufficient detergent power in the shaft bottom.Referring to Fig. 1, figure mesolow cylinder 4 moves and forward near terminal point, at this moment, enter the b chamber of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 through the P ' B ' of hydraulicchange-over valve 2 along arrow mud 1., the drain charge mud in a chamber enters annular space by the A ' O ' of hydraulicchange-over valve through drain charge one way valve 11 simultaneously, and gets back to mud pit along arrow direction 3..Meanwhile, the piston end surface of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 begins to contact with the step 16 of the motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post 5 of the lengthening of motor-driven pilot valve 3; In low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 moves upward process, pressurized cylinder sucks one way valve 9 and opens, enter the d chamber of pressurized cylinder 8 from the partial pressure fluid of slush pump, its c chamber pressurized of while, pressurized cylinder is discharged one way valve 7 and is closed under the effect of spring force, pressure reduction, the mud liquid of its epicoele c is compressed, and epicoele c sprays to shaft bottom rock stratum with the super-pressure that is higher than the low pressure several times from the little hydrophthalmia 13 of drill bit because the variation of volume forces its mud by low pressure (LP) cylinder and pressurized cylinder effective pressure area ratio.When the piston of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 continues to move upward, to promote motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post 5 moves up, as P and A wherein, O and B connect, the M end of hydraulicchange-over valve 2 enters pressure mud, then the N end begins the B by motor-driven pilot valve 3, O and drain charge one way valve 11 are connected and pressure release with annular space, at this moment the M of hydraulicchange-over valve 2 end automatic reverse under the high pressure effect, communicate with B ' by original P ' and to become P ' and communicate with A ', O ' communicates with A ' and becomes O ' and communicate with B ', partial pressure mud from slush pump passes through a chamber that P ' A ' enters low pressure (LP) cylinder like this, b passes through O ' in the chamber, B ' is communicated with annular space and becomes low pressure, therefore low pressure (LP) cylinder 4 begins to move downward, and drive pressurized cylinder 8 moves downward simultaneously, be compressed because of pressurized cylinder 8 cavity of resorption mud liquid this moment, pressurized cylinder sucks one way valve 9 and closes under pressure reduction and spring force effect, and the pressurized cylinder in the middle of the piston is discharged one way valve 7 unlatchings, the interior c chamber of its cylinder volume will force pressurized cylinder 8 mud to spray to the rock stratum, shaft bottom with high pressure from the c chamber by the little hydrophthalmia 13 of drill bit from large to small in the process because pressurized cylinder 8 moves downward.When power cylinder piston inner face is run into gag lever post step 16 ', make the supercharging device braking that moves downward, and begin to prepare for moving upward; The reciprocating motion of low pressure (LP) cylinder just will be discharged high-pressure fluid from pressurized cylinder continuously.
Referring to Fig. 2, its basic functional principle is consistent with the principle of Fig. 1, the Fig. 2 that is not both has adopted motor-driven pilot valve Stroke Control mode of braking, be that low pressure (LP) cylinder drain charge loop is earlier by hydraulicchange-over valve 2, and then the tapered joint circulation road by motor-driven pilot valve 3 returns zero, and this mode of braking is littler than the buckles of time control mode of braking, motion is more steady.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is buffering control mode of braking.Mainly be to utilize piston motion to arrive near terminal point, the pressure signal that cushion chamber produces at first makes the pilot valve commutation of surging change the position of hydraulicchange-over valve, finally controls the automatic switchover of low pressure (LP) cylinder 4, and the service behaviour of this mode is more steady.
Referring to Fig. 5, it is to change according to the principle of Fig. 1 to form.The inlet of different is pressurized cylinder is not the pressure medium from low-lift pump, but the segment fluid flow of pressure release in the low pressure (LP) cylinder course of work, this structure makes the loop power utilization rate than higher, is not subjected to environmental limit.Same Fig. 2, Fig. 4 also can make Fig. 5 similar automatic conversion loop or supercharging device.
Claims (9)
1. automatic pressure unit, down-hole automatic pressure unit in particular for drilling well, include: up and down with the shell of connector, a low pressure (LP) cylinder, a pressurized cylinder, the piston rod of low pressure (LP) cylinder and pressurized cylinder coupling, make the piston in pressurized cylinder and the low pressure (LP) cylinder do one-way movement by piston rod, low pressure mud is divided into three parts in annular space, first's mud will be pressurized to super-pressure through pressurized cylinder, little hydrophthalmia by drill bit sprays to the rock stratum with super-pressure, and from the big hydrophthalmia ejection of drill bit, remaining mud is third part to second portion mud continuously;
It is characterized in that it also includes:
Motor-driven pilot valve by low pressure (LP) cylinder piston control commutation, its spool afterbody has the gag lever post of lengthening, this gag lever post is provided with two stroke limit steps, this valve is installed in the upper end of low pressure (LP) cylinder axis direction, realizes forcing transposition by two steps on the low pressure (LP) cylinder piston end surface bump lengthening gag lever post;
One by motor-driven pilot valve control commutation, and then the hydraulicchange-over valve that automaticallyes switch of control low pressure (LP) cylinder;
And/or the super-pressure one way valve that mud flows backwards can prevent to transfer drilling rod between outlet that is positioned on pressurized cylinder and the little hydrophthalmia of drill bit the time;
And/or one be positioned on the low pressure check valve that shaft bottom mud in the time of preventing from down between mud sprue and the drill bit to bore is scurried into supercharging device;
And/or drain charge one way valve that is arranged on motor-driven pilot valve, hydraulicchange-over valve and the path that the drilling tool annular space links to each other;
A pressurized cylinder that is located in the middle of the pressurized cylinder piston is discharged one way valve;
A pressurized cylinder that is located at the pressurized cylinder lower end sucks one way valve;
Described low pressure (LP) cylinder is by motor-driven pilot valve and two valve combinations of hydraulicchange-over valve control, and described piston rod is arranged on the one end;
Described pressurized cylinder is a single-cylinder dual-action cylinder that links to each other with piston rod;
Described piston rod is linked in the motor-driven pilot valve gag lever post of low pressure (LP) cylinder;
Described third part mud is used for controlling the commutation of motor-driven pilot valve and hydraulicchange-over valve and drives the low pressure (LP) cylinder motion;
The piston of described low pressure (LP) cylinder and piston rod center are provided with a hole that can hold motor-driven pilot valve core lengthening gag lever post, according to predetermined stroke motor-driven pilot valve are controlled with spacing.
2. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Low pressure mud is from slush pump, and described first is 1 liter/second, and second portion is 2/3rds of a mud total flow, and remaining mud is third part.
3. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described first mud comprises the segment fluid flow of pressure release in the low pressure (LP) cylinder course of work.
4. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
Described motor-driven pilot valve is the form of two-position four-way or two-position three way.
5. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Hydraulicchange-over valve is the two-position four-way form of surging, and it cooperates with motor-driven pilot valve, controls the switching of sprue.
6. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described pressurized cylinder is a single-cylinder dual-action, is connected with pressurized cylinder under it and sucks one way valve; Discharge one way valve by pressurized cylinder between the upper and lower chamber of pressurized cylinder and be connected, realize the discharge function of its mud; Pressurized cylinder is discharged one way valve and can be positioned in the middle of piston and the piston rod, is positioned on the side of two fluid cylinders also capable of bypassly.
7. according to claim 1, one of 2 or 6 described automatic pressure units, it is characterized in that:
Described each one way valve is sphere or cone shaped one-way valve.
8. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
The shell shape of described device is a tubulose.
9. automatic pressure unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that:
The drain charge mud of low pressure (LP) cylinder enters annular space through hydraulicchange-over valve, drain charge one way valve; Or low pressure (LP) cylinder drain charge loop is earlier by hydraulicchange-over valve, and then tapered joint circulation road by motor-driven pilot valve returns zero.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93116601A CN1050403C (en) | 1993-08-26 | 1993-08-26 | Automatic pressure unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93116601A CN1050403C (en) | 1993-08-26 | 1993-08-26 | Automatic pressure unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1099456A CN1099456A (en) | 1995-03-01 |
| CN1050403C true CN1050403C (en) | 2000-03-15 |
Family
ID=4991614
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93116601A Expired - Fee Related CN1050403C (en) | 1993-08-26 | 1993-08-26 | Automatic pressure unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1050403C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2464925Y (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2001-12-12 | 天津景宝科技有限公司 | Downhole high-pressure jetting drill using turbine as power |
| CN2538941Y (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-03-05 | 李洪敏 | Hydraulic automatic pressurizing pump |
| CN102536121B (en) | 2012-02-08 | 2013-12-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Pulse type underground pressurization jet flow drilling method and device |
| BR112020004186A2 (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2020-09-08 | Smc Corporation | pressure intensifier |
| CN113236156B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-12-13 | 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 | In-hole supercharger based on steering valve |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4290496A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1981-09-22 | Briggs Aubrey C | Combination impact and pressure liquid rock drill |
| US4659294A (en) * | 1985-01-09 | 1987-04-21 | Eimco Secoma, Societe Anonyme | Hydrualic pressure amplifier |
| WO1991007566A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-30 | Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S | Converter |
-
1993
- 1993-08-26 CN CN93116601A patent/CN1050403C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4290496A (en) * | 1979-10-19 | 1981-09-22 | Briggs Aubrey C | Combination impact and pressure liquid rock drill |
| US4659294A (en) * | 1985-01-09 | 1987-04-21 | Eimco Secoma, Societe Anonyme | Hydrualic pressure amplifier |
| WO1991007566A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-30 | Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S | Converter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1099456A (en) | 1995-03-01 |
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