CN105040054A - Friction-resistant nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating process - Google Patents
Friction-resistant nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction-resistant nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating process. The friction-resistant nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating process comprises the following steps of oil and rust removing, ultrasonic cleaning, electroplating, hydrogen removing, hydrophobic treating, alcohol washing, washing and blow drying. According to the friction-resistant nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating process, the oil removing procedure and the rust removing procedure are combined into one, the procedures are reduced, cost is reduced, efficiency is improved, and due to the alkalescence condition, the pollution to the environment is small. The ultrasonic cleaning procedure is added, the overall preprocessing efficiency is high, environment friendliness is achieved, and no pollution is caused. In the electroplating process, an acidity system is adopted, ascorbic acid, hydroquinone and other additives are added, and electroplating is conducted under the appropriate current density and electroplating temperature condition. Compared with an ordinary nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating layer, the finally obtained alloy electroplating layer has the advantages that the abrasion rate can be lowered by 25 percent and the friction-resistant coefficient can be lowered by 0.07, which shows that the friction resistance of the obtained nickel-tungsten alloy electroplating layer is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, belong to electroplating technology field.
Background technology
Plating is the process being obtained metal deposition layer by electrochemical method at solid surface.As the important means of traditional Surface Engineering, electroplating technology technology is for a long time for providing the protective layer and ornamental ornament layer that prevent from corroding for workpiece surface; Or the surface property of for a change body material, to produce the metal or alloy tectum of specific composition and performance.Due to the development of aerospace and nuclear matter engineering industry and electronics and information industry, electroplating process has been used to prepare dissimilar advanced composite material, comprises particulate disperse metal composite, staple fibre, macrofiber winding, whisker reinforcement shaped material, stratified composite and optical composite material; Prepare semiconductor material components and parts, comprise the resistance in film-type semiconductor element, flat panel display device, solar battery thin film, large-scale integrated circuit, electric capacity, photoconduction, magnetic conductance and memory cell, luminescence and fluorescent device etc.
Along with the develop rapidly of China's modernization construction, electroplating industry as one of light industry industry pillar also presents developing state with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements, emerge many new electroplating technologies and plating, enrich the need of living and producing that people are growing greatly.But also bring larger pollution problem simultaneously.The pollution that electroplating technology and electroplate liquid produce is the major portion that electroplating industry pollutes.
Current plating kind is a lot, comprises nickel plating, copper facing, zinc-plated etc., also has some alloy platings, such as nickel tungsten alloy electroplating.Nickel tungsten alloy electroplating is the good selection improving die quality, extend die life, cleaner production.Along with the progress of society, the performance requriements of people's alloy electrolytic coating is more and more higher, such as crocking resistance, therefore needs to work out the good alloy plated layer of a kind of crocking resistance.
In current electroplating technology, need before plating to carry out degreasing (oil removing) and etch (eliminate rust, also claim pickling) pre-treatment to the matrix of plating.Traditional oil removing (degreasing) technique is strong basicity oil removing, and temperature is generally at 80-90 ° of C.For the workpiece that greasy dirt is serious, treatment temp is higher, till the time also extends to the complete Ex-all of greasy dirt.Owing to heating, alkali lye gives out alkaline gas, not only contaminate environment, and is detrimental to health.Etch (rust cleaning) general concentration is the concentrated hydrochloric acid of about 35%, just directly pours in pickling tank without dilution.The fugitive mist that turns sour of concentrated hydrochloric acid, the alkaline gas distributed with degreasing is the same, need increase pump drainage wind apparatus.Such pretreatment procedure not only production efficiency is low, and cost is high, also can cause environmental pollution.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the problems referred to above existed for prior art, the object of this invention is to provide that a kind of electroplating effect is good, pre-treatment efficiency is high, the rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating of environmental protection.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, comprises the steps:
(1) degreasing and rust removal: the workpiece of electroplated is put in drum, the degreasing and rust removal water-bath of 1/2 volume is housed in drum, contain in this degreasing and rust removal water-bath: promotor 2.5-3.5g/L, diffusant 1.5-2.5g/L, permeate agent 2-3g/L, wood chip 4-5g/L, sequestrant 1.2-1.6g/L, sodium carbonate 20-30g/L, water glass 10-15g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 2-3g/L, sodium-chlor 4-5g/L, colophonium powder 2.5-3.5g/L, 25-35min is soaked under room temperature, clean 30-60min under the rotational speed of then 60-100r/min, reach the object of degreasing and rust removal;
(2) ultrasonic cleaning: the workpiece after degreasing and rust removal is carry out supersound process 1-2min in the aqueous ethanolic solution of 20-30% the ultrasonic wave volume fraction of 40 DEG C, and ultrasonic frequency is 45Hz; Refill clear water after cleaning terminates and clean twice under same ultrasound condition, finally dry up;
(3) electroplate: use electroplate liquid to carry out electroplating processes to the article through pre-treatment, concrete electroplating process is: first to needing the article of plating to carry out preheating, preheating 5-10min, preheating temperature is 30 DEG C; Then put in electroplate liquid by the article after preheating and carry out electroplating processes, electroplating process Anodic adopts pure nickel plate, and negative electrode adopts 45# steel, and electroplating temperature during plating is 60 DEG C, and the current density of plating is 15A/dm2, and electroplating time is 50-60min; The electroplating bath components used in electroplating process is as follows:
Six hydration nickel sulfate 240-260g/L, Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 25-35g/L, Disodium tungstate (Na2WO4) dihydrate 45-55g/L, boric acid 35-45g/L, sodium sulfate 6-7g/L, asccharin 1-3g/L, xitix 3-5g/L, polyoxyethylene glycol 1-2g/L, Resorcinol 4-6g/L, hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 1-2g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05-0.15g/L; In electroplate liquid, add the vitriol oil in electroplating process regulates the pH value of electroplate liquid to be 3.3-3.7; The 31616 hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salts that hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt adopts Henan Titaning Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. to produce;
(4) dehydrogenation: the article after plating are put in soya-bean oil carry out dehydrogenation at 185-195 DEG C, then wipe oil slick after naturally cooling;
(5) hydrophobic process: to the coating surface of the article after dehydrogenation by being that the hydrophobic solution of 8-10% hydrophober carries out hydrophobic process containing massfraction;
(6) alcohol wash, wash, dry up: by the article after hydrophobic process first with volume fraction be the aqueous ethanolic solution cleaning of 50% once, and then carry out cleaning three times with deionized water, then dry up.
Promotor described in described step 1 is accelerator NS, and described diffusant is diffusant DN, and described permeate agent is penetrating agent JFC, the sodium polyacrylate of described sequestrant to be relative molecular mass be 50000-60000.
The polyoxyethylene glycol adopted in described step 3 is PEG1000 or PEG20000; Described silicon-carbide particles to be particle diameter the be silicon-carbide particles of 1-10 μm.
The hydrophober adopted in described step 5 is hydrophober BH-102.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has following significance beneficial effect:
1, oil removing, the two step operations that eliminate rust are united two into one, saved operation, decreased cost, improve efficiency, weak basic condition, environmental pollution is few; Add ultrasonic cleaning operation, overall pre-treatment efficiency is high, and environment friendly and pollution-free; In electroplating process, adopt acid system, with the addition of the additive such as xitix, Resorcinol, electroplate under suitable current density, electroplating temperature, the alloy plating finally obtained is compared to common nickel tungsten alloy electroplating layer, its wear rate can reduce by 25%, and rub resistance coefficient can reduce by 0.07, and its rub resistance of nickel tungsten alloy electroplating layer that this obtains improves greatly;
2, in electroplating process, the additives such as hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, polyoxyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulphate are added in electroplate liquid, in electroplating process, the appearance of cathode electrode current potential is negative moves phenomenon, sedimentation potential moves about 100mV to negative, improve the absorption property of cathode surface and the polarizability of electroplate liquid, make the resistance to neutral salt spray of final electrolytic coating improve corrosion resistance nature in the sodium chloride solution of 3.5% and be enhanced; There is the time > 196h of white rust, occur the time > 960h of red rust;
3, electroplating technology of the present invention, has carried out thermal pretreatment to article before plating, ensure that follow-up electroplating effect;
4, electroplating technology of the present invention, have employed comparatively gentle dehydrogenation and hydrophobic process to the article after plating, improves resistance to air loss and the erosion resistance of coating.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail and completely.
embodiment 1
A kind of rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, comprises the steps:
(1) degreasing and rust removal: the workpiece of electroplated is put in drum, the degreasing and rust removal water-bath of 1/2 volume is housed in drum, contain in this degreasing and rust removal water-bath: accelerator NS 2.5g/L, diffusant DN1.5g/L, penetrating agent JFC 2g/L, wood chip 4g/L, sodium polyacrylate 500001.2g/L, sodium carbonate 20g/L, water glass 10g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 2g/L, sodium-chlor 4g/L, colophonium powder 2.5g/L, 25min is soaked under room temperature, clean 30min under the rotational speed of then 60r/min, reach the object of degreasing and rust removal;
(2) ultrasonic cleaning: the workpiece after degreasing and rust removal is carry out supersound process 1-2min in the aqueous ethanolic solution of 20% the ultrasonic wave volume fraction of 40 DEG C, and ultrasonic frequency is 45Hz; Refill clear water after cleaning terminates and clean twice under same ultrasound condition, finally dry up;
(3) electroplate: use electroplate liquid to carry out electroplating processes to the article through pre-treatment, concrete electroplating process is: first to needing the article of plating to carry out preheating, preheating 5min, preheating temperature is 30 DEG C; Then put in electroplate liquid by the article after preheating and carry out electroplating processes, electroplating process Anodic adopts pure nickel plate, and negative electrode adopts 45# steel, and electroplating temperature during plating is 60 DEG C, and the current density of plating is 15A/dm2, and electroplating time is 50min; The electroplating bath components used in electroplating process is as follows:
Six hydration nickel sulfate 240g/L, Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 25g/L, Disodium tungstate (Na2WO4) dihydrate 45g/L, boric acid 35g/L, sodium sulfate 6g/L, asccharin 1g/L, xitix 3g/L, PEG10001g/L, Resorcinol 4g/L, hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 1g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05g/L; In electroplate liquid, add the vitriol oil in electroplating process regulates the pH value of electroplate liquid to be 3.3;
(4) dehydrogenation: the article after plating are put in soya-bean oil carry out dehydrogenation at 185 DEG C, then wipe oil slick after naturally cooling;
(5) hydrophobic process: to the coating surface of the article after dehydrogenation by being that the hydrophobic solution of 8% hydrophober BH-102 carries out hydrophobic process containing massfraction;
(6) alcohol wash, wash, dry up: by the article after hydrophobic process first with volume fraction be the aqueous ethanolic solution cleaning of 50% once, and then carry out cleaning three times with deionized water, then dry up.
embodiment 2
A kind of rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, comprises the steps:
(1) degreasing and rust removal: the workpiece of electroplated is put in drum, the degreasing and rust removal water-bath of 1/2 volume is housed in drum, contain in this degreasing and rust removal water-bath: accelerator NS 3g/L, diffusant DN2g/L, penetrating agent JFC 2.5g/L, wood chip 4.5g/L, sodium polyacrylate 500001.4g/L, sodium carbonate 25g/L, water glass 13g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 2.5g/L, sodium-chlor 4.5g/L, colophonium powder 3g/L, 30min is soaked under room temperature, clean 45min under the rotational speed of then 80r/min, reach the object of degreasing and rust removal;
(2) ultrasonic cleaning: the workpiece after degreasing and rust removal is carry out supersound process 1-2min in the aqueous ethanolic solution of 25% the ultrasonic wave volume fraction of 40 DEG C, and ultrasonic frequency is 45Hz; Refill clear water after cleaning terminates and clean twice under same ultrasound condition, finally dry up;
(3) electroplate: use electroplate liquid to carry out electroplating processes to the article through pre-treatment, concrete electroplating process is: first to needing the article of plating to carry out preheating, preheating 8min, preheating temperature is 30 DEG C; Then put in electroplate liquid by the article after preheating and carry out electroplating processes, electroplating process Anodic adopts pure nickel plate, and negative electrode adopts 45# steel, and electroplating temperature during plating is 60 DEG C, and the current density of plating is 15A/dm2, and electroplating time is 55min; The electroplating bath components used in electroplating process is as follows:
Six hydration nickel sulfate 250g/L, Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 30g/L, Disodium tungstate (Na2WO4) dihydrate 50g/L, boric acid 40g/L, sodium sulfate 6.5g/L, asccharin 2g/L, xitix 4g/L, PEG10001.5g/L, Resorcinol 5g/L, hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 1.5g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.1g/L; In electroplate liquid, add the vitriol oil in electroplating process regulates the pH value of electroplate liquid to be 3.5;
(4) dehydrogenation: the article after plating are put in soya-bean oil carry out dehydrogenation at 190 DEG C, then wipe oil slick after naturally cooling;
(5) hydrophobic process: to the coating surface of the article after dehydrogenation by being that the hydrophobic solution of 9% hydrophober BH-102 carries out hydrophobic process containing massfraction;
(6) alcohol wash, wash, dry up: by the article after hydrophobic process first with volume fraction be the aqueous ethanolic solution cleaning of 50% once, and then carry out cleaning three times with deionized water, then dry up.
embodiment 3
A kind of rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, comprises the steps:
(1) degreasing and rust removal: the workpiece of electroplated is put in drum, the degreasing and rust removal water-bath of 1/2 volume is housed in drum, contain in this degreasing and rust removal water-bath: accelerator NS 3.5g/L, diffusant DN2.5g/L, penetrating agent JFC 3g/L, wood chip 5g/L, sodium polyacrylate 600001.6g/L, sodium carbonate 30g/L, water glass 15g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 3g/L, sodium-chlor 5g/L, colophonium powder 3.5g/L, 35min is soaked under room temperature, clean 60min under the rotational speed of then 100r/min, reach the object of degreasing and rust removal;
(2) ultrasonic cleaning: the workpiece after degreasing and rust removal is carry out supersound process 1-2min in the aqueous ethanolic solution of 30% the ultrasonic wave volume fraction of 40 DEG C, and ultrasonic frequency is 45Hz; Refill clear water after cleaning terminates and clean twice under same ultrasound condition, finally dry up;
(3) electroplate: use electroplate liquid to carry out electroplating processes to the article through pre-treatment, concrete electroplating process is: first to needing the article of plating to carry out preheating, preheating 10min, preheating temperature is 30 DEG C; Then put in electroplate liquid by the article after preheating and carry out electroplating processes, electroplating process Anodic adopts pure nickel plate, and negative electrode adopts 45# steel, and electroplating temperature during plating is 60 DEG C, and the current density of plating is 15A/dm2, and electroplating time is 60min; The electroplating bath components used in electroplating process is as follows:
Six hydration nickel sulfate 260g/L, Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 35g/L, Disodium tungstate (Na2WO4) dihydrate 55g/L, boric acid 45g/L, sodium sulfate 7g/L, asccharin 3g/L, xitix 5g/L, PEG200002g/L, Resorcinol 6g/L, hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 2g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.15g/L; In electroplate liquid, add the vitriol oil in electroplating process regulates the pH value of electroplate liquid to be 3.7;
(4) dehydrogenation: the article after plating are put in soya-bean oil carry out dehydrogenation at 195 DEG C, then wipe oil slick after naturally cooling;
(5) hydrophobic process: to the coating surface of the article after dehydrogenation by being that the hydrophobic solution of 10% hydrophober BH-102 carries out hydrophobic process containing massfraction;
(6) alcohol wash, wash, dry up: by the article after hydrophobic process first with volume fraction be the aqueous ethanolic solution cleaning of 50% once, and then carry out cleaning three times with deionized water, then dry up.
Finally need to herein means out: be only part preferred embodiment of the present invention above; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, some nonessential improvement that those skilled in the art's foregoing according to the present invention is made and adjustment all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) degreasing and rust removal: the workpiece of electroplated is put in drum, the degreasing and rust removal water-bath of 1/2 volume is housed in drum, contain in this degreasing and rust removal water-bath: promotor 2.5-3.5g/L, diffusant 1.5-2.5g/L, permeate agent 2-3g/L, wood chip 4-5g/L, sequestrant 1.2-1.6g/L, sodium carbonate 20-30g/L, water glass 10-15g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 2-3g/L, sodium-chlor 4-5g/L, colophonium powder 2.5-3.5g/L, 25-35min is soaked under room temperature, clean 30-60min under the rotational speed of then 60-100r/min, reach the object of degreasing and rust removal;
(2) ultrasonic cleaning: the workpiece after degreasing and rust removal is carry out supersound process 1-2min in the aqueous ethanolic solution of 20-30% the ultrasonic wave volume fraction of 40 DEG C, and ultrasonic frequency is 45Hz; Refill clear water after cleaning terminates and clean twice under same ultrasound condition, finally dry up;
(3) electroplate: use electroplate liquid to carry out electroplating processes to the article through pre-treatment, concrete electroplating process is: first to needing the article of plating to carry out preheating, preheating 5-10min, preheating temperature is 30 DEG C; Then put in electroplate liquid by the article after preheating and carry out electroplating processes, electroplating process Anodic adopts pure nickel plate, and negative electrode adopts 45# steel, and electroplating temperature during plating is 60 DEG C, and the current density of plating is 15A/dm2, and electroplating time is 50-60min; The electroplating bath components used in electroplating process is as follows:
Six hydration nickel sulfate 240-260g/L, Nickel dichloride hexahydrate 25-35g/L, Disodium tungstate (Na2WO4) dihydrate 45-55g/L, boric acid 35-45g/L, sodium sulfate 6-7g/L, asccharin 1-3g/L, xitix 3-5g/L, polyoxyethylene glycol 1-2g/L, Resorcinol 4-6g/L, hyperbranched Gemini quaternary ammonium salt 1-2g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05-0.15g/L; In electroplate liquid, add the vitriol oil in electroplating process regulates the pH value of electroplate liquid to be 3.3-3.7;
(4) dehydrogenation: the article after plating are put in soya-bean oil carry out dehydrogenation at 185-195 DEG C, then wipe oil slick after naturally cooling;
(5) hydrophobic process: to the coating surface of the article after dehydrogenation by being that the hydrophobic solution of 8-10% hydrophober carries out hydrophobic process containing massfraction;
(6) alcohol wash, wash, dry up: by the article after hydrophobic process first with volume fraction be the aqueous ethanolic solution cleaning of 50% once, and then carry out cleaning three times with deionized water, then dry up.
2. rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the promotor described in described step 1 is accelerator NS, described diffusant is diffusant DN, and described permeate agent is penetrating agent JFC, the sodium polyacrylate of described sequestrant to be relative molecular mass be 50000-60000.
3. rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the polyoxyethylene glycol adopted in described step 3 is PEG1000 or PEG20000.
4. rub resistance Nickel-Tungsten Alloy Electroplating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the hydrophober adopted in described step 5 is hydrophober BH-102.
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| CN109280954A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-01-29 | 信丰崇辉科技有限公司 | The electroplating solution of diamond cutting secant |
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