CN105038994A - Method and system preparing biodiesel through utilizing waste edible oils and fats - Google Patents
Method and system preparing biodiesel through utilizing waste edible oils and fats Download PDFInfo
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- CN105038994A CN105038994A CN201510450240.6A CN201510450240A CN105038994A CN 105038994 A CN105038994 A CN 105038994A CN 201510450240 A CN201510450240 A CN 201510450240A CN 105038994 A CN105038994 A CN 105038994A
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- biofuel
- esterifier
- transesterification reaction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and system preparing biodiesel through utilizing waste edible oils and fats. The method includes the following steps: mixing methanol solution and waste oils and fats according to set molar ratio and uniformly stirring the mixed solution; pumping the mixed solution into an esterification reactor (201) containing cationic resin with a certain flow, enabling free fatty acids (FFA) in waste oils and fats to perform esterification reaction, at the same time, adsorbing water and pigment in waste oils and fats through cationic resin; enabling reactants flowing out from the esterification reactor (201) to directly flow into an ester exchange reactor (204) containing anion resin, enabling fatty acids in waste oils and fats to perform ester exchange reaction with methyl alcohol, and finally allowing by-product glycerinum generated in reaction to be adsorbed by anions; collecting biodiesel from reactants flowing out from the ester exchange reactor (204). The method and system have the following benefits: equipment for drying, decoloration and FFA removal at the initial reaction period and equipment for catalyst separation at the later reaction period are reduced, high pressure and high temperature are not required, and the equipment cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bioenergy technical field, especially relate to a kind of method and system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of Environmental awareness and the impact of energy dilemma, people start to find a kind of can petroleum replacing fuel the new forms of energy little to environmental disruption.Recent years oil price rising and the shortage of oil, make people start thinking and utilize vegetables oil to remove diesel oil substitute.Meanwhile, waste cooking oil is contaminate environment not only, but also the health of harm people, therefore effective utilization of waste cooking oil becomes a good problem to study.Being that raw material carries out Energy production with changing food waste, both can obtaining clean energy, can discharge by decreasing pollution thing again, can reduce the production cost of biofuel, is the focus of research at present.
Up to the present, people have developed the production method that four kinds are prepared biofuel: blending method, micro emulsion method, thermo-cracking, transesterification method.Adopt homogeneous catalyst in the traditional technology of these biodiesel synthesis more, as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, the vitriol oil etc., these catalyst requirement use FFA (free fatty acids, FreeFattyAcids) raw material is dehydrated, the pre-treatment such as decolouring, removing free fatty acids, making that it is anhydrous as far as possible, colourless, without just entering reaction after free fatty acids; React complete and need the equipment of separating catalyst to complete neutralization, wash and reclaim catalyzer; In addition, the generation of by product (as saponification, G & W) adjoint in reaction process, needs to remove by product.And some technique also requires high temperature more than 200 degree, the working conditions of high pressure 8 ~ 10Mbar, complex process, and equipment cost is high, and environmental pollution is serious.
Because used edible oil is many through Reusability, include various pigment and a large amount of free fatty acids, need to carry out more complicated process to it in traditional technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for current Problems existing, provide a kind of method and system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel, it makes used edible oil obtain effective utilization, and the present invention is without the need to high pressure-temperature, and technique is simple, and equipment cost is low.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel, it comprises:
Reaction mass stirred vessel, esterifier, transesterification reaction device and biofuel gathering barrel;
Waste grease is connected the esterifier that resin cation (R.C.) is housed input terminus with the output terminal of the reaction mass stirred vessel of methyl alcohol is housed;
The output terminal of described esterifier connects the transesterification reaction device that resin anion(R.A) is housed;
The output terminal of described transesterification reaction device connects biofuel gathering barrel.
Described reaction mass stirred vessel, esterifier and transesterification reaction device are placed in the environment of 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature.
Further, the described system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel also comprises:
For the flow pump of waste grease and the pumping of methanol mixed solution; The input terminus of described flow pump is connected described reaction mass stirred vessel by waste grease with methanol mixed solution line, and output terminal is connected described esterifier by waste grease with methanol mixed solution line.
Further, the described system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel also comprises: heating kettle;
Described heating kettle is provided with can the resistance wire of heating water; 50 ~ 60 ° of C heat-conducting mediums are provided with in described heating kettle; Described reaction mass stirred vessel is placed in described heating kettle.
Further, the reactor outside of described esterifier is provided with esterifier heating jacket; The reactor outside of transesterification reaction device is provided with transesterification reaction device heating jacket; The described biodiesel preparing device based on castoff of food and drink also comprises: recycle pump; Thermal medium in described heating kettle is injected in described esterifier heating jacket and transesterification reaction device heating jacket by described recycle pump, and in the return line of top setting.
Further, the top of described esterifier connects the inlet end of solution line after esterification, the bottom of the outlet termination transesterification reaction device of solution line after esterification.
Further, the top of described transesterification reaction device connects the inlet end of biofuel resultant pipeline, and the exit end of biofuel resultant pipeline connects biofuel gathering barrel.
Further, be provided with stirring-head in described reaction mass stirred vessel, described stirring-head is driven by described agitator motor and rotates.
The present invention also provides a kind of method utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel, and it comprises:
Step S101, mixes methanol solution and waste grease in setting mol ratio ratio, uniform stirring; This is blended in normal pressure, carries out at 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature;
Step S102, being pumped into certain flow by mixing solutions comprises in the esterifier of resin cation (R.C.), keep reactor temperature to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the free fatty acids generation esterification in waste grease, the water simultaneously in waste grease, pigment are adsorbed by resin cation (R.C.);
Step S103, the reactant of the outflow in esterifier flows directly into and comprises in the transesterification reaction device of resin anion(R.A), reactor temperature is kept to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the lipid acid in waste grease and methyl alcohol generation transesterification reaction, the by-product glycerin produced in reaction process is by Anion-adsorption;
Step S104, collection of biological diesel oil from the reactant that transesterification reaction device flows out.
Further, described setting mol ratio ratio is 1:3.
Further, the acid number of described waste grease is 14 ~ 200mgKOH/g; The purity of methyl alcohol is 98%.。
As can be seen from the technical scheme of the invention described above, the present invention passes through, and can produce following technique effect:
1) drying reducing reaction early stage, decolouring, removal free fatty acids FFA equipment, and the equipment of reaction later stage separating catalyst, without the need to high pressure-temperature, reduce equipment cost.
2.) cationic catalyst can Reusability more than 50 times, and resin anion(R.A) catalyzer can use more than 100 times by regeneration, effective reduction equipment running cost.
3) equipment scale can from 50L/ days ~ 1T/ days, and the application developing used edible oil and prepare biofuel is disposed in the area being applicable to different demand, is easy to promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation utilizing used edible oil to prepare the system of biofuel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of processing flow chart utilizing used edible oil to prepare the system of biofuel of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing:
Agitator motor 101, heating kettle 102, reaction mass stirred vessel 103, stirring-head 104, return line 105, heating tube 106, biofuel gathering barrel 107, flow pump 108, recycle pump 109, esterifier 201, resin cation (R.C.) 202, esterifier heating jacket 203, transesterification reaction device 204, resin anion(R.A) 205, transesterification reaction device heating jacket 206, waste grease and methanol mixed solution line 211, solution line 212 after esterification, biofuel resultant pipeline 213.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
The invention provides a kind of system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises following various piece:
Solution line 212, biofuel resultant pipeline 213 after agitator motor 101, heating kettle 102, reaction mass stirred vessel 103, stirring-head 104, return line 105, heating tube 106, biofuel gathering barrel 107, flow pump 108, recycle pump 109, esterifier 201, esterifier heating jacket 203, transesterification reaction device 204, transesterification reaction device heating jacket 206, waste grease and methanol mixed solution line 211, esterification.
Position between various piece or annexation as follows:
Be provided with stirring-head 104 in reaction mass stirred vessel 103, this stirring-head 104 is driven by agitator motor 101 and rotates, and is placed in waste grease in reaction mass stirred vessel 103 and methyl alcohol for mixing.
Reaction mass stirred vessel 103 is placed in heating kettle 102, and heating kettle 102 is provided with can the resistance wire of heating water.
Heating kettle 102 is outside equipped with flow pump 108 and recycle pump 109.Flow pump 108 is for the pumping of waste grease and methanol mixed solution, its input terminus is by waste grease and methanol mixed solution line 211 ligation material stirred vessel 103, and output terminal is connected esterifier 201 by waste grease with methanol mixed solution line 211.The input terminus of recycle pump 109 connects heating kettle 102, and the output terminal of recycle pump 109 connects the bottom of esterifier heating jacket 203 and transesterification reaction device heating jacket 206 respectively by heating tube 106.The top of esterifier heating jacket 203 and transesterification reaction device heating jacket 206 connects the entrance of return line 105, and the outlet of return line 105 connects heating kettle 102.
Esterifier 201 is built with resin cation (R.C.) 202, and its top connects the inlet end of solution line 212 after esterification, the bottom of the outlet termination transesterification reaction device 204 of solution line 212 after esterification.Transesterification reaction device 204 is built with resin anion(R.A) 205, and its top connects the inlet end of biofuel resultant pipeline 213, and the exit end of biofuel resultant pipeline 213 connects biofuel gathering barrel 107.
A kind of principle of work utilizing used edible oil to prepare the system of biofuel of the present invention is as follows:
Resin cation (R.C.) 202 and resin anion(R.A) 205 add respectively in esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204 after activating pre-treatment.
Waste grease and methyl alcohol are added in reaction mass stirred vessel 103 according to setting mol ratio ratio, and opens agitator motor 101, the medium (as hot water) being used for heating is heated to 50 degree Celsius simultaneously in heating kettle 102 container.Waste grease, by manually with electronic scale metering, is then manually put in reaction mass stirred vessel 103; Methyl alcohol is measured by labo r usage's cylinder, then slowly puts in reaction mass stirred vessel 103.
Open hot water circulating pump 109, the thermal medium in heating kettle 102 is injected into respectively in esterifier heating jacket 203 and transesterification reaction device heating jacket 206, make to keep about 50 degree Celsius in esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204.
Mixed solution abundant in reaction mass stirred vessel 103 is pumped into the bottom of esterifier 201 by use traffic pump 108 by waste grease and methanol mixed solution line 211 by certain flow;
Be injected into after the solution in esterifier 201 and the resin cation (R.C.) in esterifier 201 202 react and flow out from the top of esterifier 201, flowed into the bottom of transesterification reaction device 204 by solution line after esterification 212.Resin cation (R.C.) 202 in water contained in waste grease solution, the esterified reactor 201 of pigment adsorbs;
Enter after solution in transesterification reaction device 204 and resin anion(R.A) 205 react and flow out from the top of transesterification reaction device 204, flow into biofuel gathering barrel 107.The byproduct G & W that reaction produces is adsorbed by resin anion(R.A) 205.
Resin cation (R.C.) 202 in above-mentioned esterifier 201 after a certain period of use time, after catalysis disappears, is removed water and the pigment of its absorption, and is reduced its catalysis by resin regeneration method;
Resin anion(R.A) 205 in above-mentioned transesterification reaction device 204 after a certain period of use time, after catalysis disappears, is removed water and the glycerine of its absorption, and is recovered its catalysis by resin regeneration method;
When preparing biofuel by the present invention, reaction is in earlier stage without the need to dehydration, decolouring, removal free fatty acids FFA equipment, and the reaction later stage, whole process was without the need to high pressure-temperature without the need to the equipment of separating catalyst; The resin anion(R.A) used as catalyzer and resin anion(R.A) are by resin regeneration mode Reusability repeatedly.
The present invention also provides a kind of method utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel, and its treatment scheme as shown in Figure 2, comprises the steps:
Step S101, mixes methanol solution and waste grease in setting mol ratio ratio, uniform stirring; This is blended in normal pressure, carries out at 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature.
Setting mol ratio ratio is 1:3.The acid number of waste grease is 14 ~ 200mgKOH/g.The purity of methyl alcohol is 98%.
Step S102, being pumped into certain flow by mixing solutions comprises in the esterifier 201 of resin cation (R.C.), temperature in esterifier 201 is kept to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the free fatty acids FFA in waste grease that esterification occur, the water simultaneously in waste grease, pigment are adsorbed by resin cation (R.C.).
Step S103, the reactant of the outflow in esterifier 201 flows directly into and comprises in the transesterification reaction device 204 of resin anion(R.A), reactor temperature is kept to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the lipid acid in waste grease and methyl alcohol generation transesterification reaction, the by-product glycerin produced in reaction process is by Anion-adsorption.
Step S104, the reactant that transesterification reaction device 204 flows out flow in biofuel gathering barrel 107, and gleanings essential substance is biofuel.
Above-mentioned mixing and reaction process are all at normal pressure, carry out close at normal temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, do not need the drying before reacting, desolventing technology, does not need to react ongoing homogeneous reaction catalyst separating, also the work of glycerine isolation andpurification is carried out after not needing reaction, raising equipment operating safety factor, reduces equipment cost, reduces energy consumption, reduce system operation cost, reduce the environmental pollution that acid base catalysator causes.
Illustrate below and utilize disposition of the present invention:
Case study on implementation 1:
1) NKC-9 macropore strong acid polystyrene resin cation (R.C.) and D261 macroporous strong basic styrene series resin anion(R.A) add respectively in esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204 after activating pre-treatment.
2) to be the waste grease 50L of 14 ~ 200mgKOH/g and purity by acid number be 98% methyl alcohol 150L add in reaction mass stirred vessel 103 according to setting mol ratio ratio, and open agitator motor 101, the water being used in container heating is heated to 50 DEG C Celsius simultaneously.
3) open hot water circulating pump 109, make to keep about 50 degree Celsius in esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204.
4) 0.55KW flow pump 108 is used by 2L/MIN flow, abundant mixed liquid to be pumped into the bottom of esterifier 201 by waste grease and methanol mixed solution line 211;
5) flow out from the top of esterifier 201 after the solution in esterifier 201 and resin cation (R.C.) 202 react, flowed into the bottom of transesterification reaction device 204 by solution line after esterification 212.Enter after solution in transesterification reaction device 204 and resin anion(R.A) 205 react and flow out from the top of transesterification reaction device, flow into biofuel gathering barrel 107.
In case study on implementation 1, above-mentioned resin cation (R.C.) 202 is in use after 48 hours, and catalysis disappears, and removes water and the pigment of its absorption by resin regeneration method, and reduces its catalysis; Resin anion(R.A) 205 is in use after 48 hours, and catalysis disappears, and removes water and the glycerine of its absorption, and recover its catalysis by resin regeneration method.
Be described for water as heat-conducting medium in the invention described above case study on implementation 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, the insulation of certain temperature can also be carried out by heat conduction wet goods heat-conducting medium to the mixing such as reaction mass stirred vessel 103, esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204 or conversion unit, finally reach the environment making reaction mass stirred vessel 103, esterifier 201 and transesterification reaction device 204 be placed in 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature and work.
In the invention described above, also can measure mixing solutions by obstructed inflow-rate of water turbine pump 108, can general recycle pump be passed through, mixing solutions be squeezed in measuring chute, be controlled the mixing solutions joined in esterifier 201 by this measuring chute.
Although with preferred embodiment openly as above, embodiment does not limit the present invention in the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, any equivalence change done or retouching, belong to the protection domain of the present invention equally.Therefore the content that protection scope of the present invention should define with the claim of the application is standard.
Claims (10)
1. utilize used edible oil to prepare a system for biofuel, it is characterized in that, the described system utilizing waste grease to prepare biofuel comprises:
Reaction mass stirred vessel (103), esterifier (201), transesterification reaction device (204) and biofuel gathering barrel (107);
Waste grease is connected the esterifier (201) that resin cation (R.C.) is housed input terminus with the output terminal of the reaction mass stirred vessel (103) of methyl alcohol is housed;
The output terminal of described esterifier (201) connects the transesterification reaction device (204) that resin anion(R.A) is housed;
The output terminal of described transesterification reaction device (204) connects biofuel gathering barrel (107).
Described reaction mass stirred vessel (103), esterifier (201) and transesterification reaction device (204) are placed in the environment of 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature.
2. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel also comprises:
For the flow pump (108) of waste grease and the pumping of methanol mixed solution; The input terminus of described flow pump (108) is connected described reaction mass stirred vessel (103) by waste grease with methanol mixed solution line (211), and output terminal is connected described esterifier (201) by waste grease with methanol mixed solution line (211).
3. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the described system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel also comprises:
Heating kettle (102);
Described heating kettle (102) is provided with can the resistance wire of heating water; 50 ~ 60 DEG C of heat-conducting mediums are provided with in described heating kettle;
Described reaction mass stirred vessel (103) is placed in described heating kettle (102).
4. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
The reactor outside of described esterifier (201) is provided with esterifier heating jacket (203);
The reactor outside of transesterification reaction device (204) is provided with transesterification reaction device heating jacket (206);
The described biodiesel preparing device based on castoff of food and drink also comprises: recycle pump (109); Thermal medium in described heating kettle (102) is injected in described esterifier heating jacket (203) and transesterification reaction device heating jacket (206) by described recycle pump (109), and (105 return in described heating kettle (102) through the return line of top setting.
5. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
The top of described esterifier (201) connects the inlet end of solution line (212) after esterification, the bottom of outlet termination transesterification reaction device (204) of solution line (212) after esterification.
6. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 4, is characterized in that,
The top of described transesterification reaction device (204) connects the inlet end of biofuel resultant pipeline (213), and the exit end of biofuel resultant pipeline (213) connects biofuel gathering barrel (107).
7. the system utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, be provided with stirring-head (104) in described reaction mass stirred vessel (103), described stirring-head (104) is driven by described agitator motor (101) and rotates.
8. utilize used edible oil to prepare a method for biofuel, it is characterized in that, the described method utilizing waste grease to prepare biofuel comprises:
Step S101, mixes methanol solution and waste grease in setting mol ratio ratio, uniform stirring; This is blended in normal pressure, carries out at 50 ~ 60 DEG C of temperature;
Step S102, mixing solutions is pumped into certain flow in the esterifier (201) comprising resin cation (R.C.), reactor temperature is kept to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the free fatty acids generation esterification in waste grease, the water simultaneously in waste grease, pigment are adsorbed by resin cation (R.C.);
Step S103, the reactant of the outflow in esterifier (201) flows directly into and comprises in the transesterification reaction device (204) of resin anion(R.A), reactor temperature is kept to be 50 ~ 60 DEG C, make the lipid acid in waste grease and methyl alcohol generation transesterification reaction, the by-product glycerin produced in reaction process is by Anion-adsorption;
Step S104, collection of biological diesel oil from the reactant that transesterification reaction device (204) flows out.
9. the method utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described setting mol ratio ratio is 1:3.
10. the method utilizing used edible oil to prepare biofuel according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the acid number of described waste grease is 14 ~ 200mgKOH/g; The purity of methyl alcohol is 98%.
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| CN201510450240.6A CN105038994A (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | Method and system preparing biodiesel through utilizing waste edible oils and fats |
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| CN201510450240.6A CN105038994A (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | Method and system preparing biodiesel through utilizing waste edible oils and fats |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN106350234A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-01-25 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Integrated equipment for converting waste oils and fats into biodiesel |
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| CN102618335A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2012-08-01 | 绍兴文理学院 | Method for synthetizing biodiesel from waste oil |
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