CN105032215B - The preparation method of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane - Google Patents
The preparation method of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, with aromatic polyamides as film forming polymer, Ionization Modification is carried out to polymer using hydride, to improve the dissolubility of aromatic polyamides, add porogen and prepare casting solution, porous flat plate, tubular type and hollow-fibre membrane are prepared using immersion precipitation phase inversion process, prepared film-strength height, acid and alkali-resistance, heat stability are high and flux is big, can be used for the water process under the conditions of general and bad environments and the field such as gas separates.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to polymeric membrane preparing technical field, it is related to a kind of water process and the preparation of gas separation perforated membrane
Technology, the preparation method of more particularly, to a kind of perforated membrane containing aromatic polyamides.
Background technology
Membrane separating technology is with its efficient separation efficiency, relatively low operation and maintenance cost, it has also become industry water and useless
Water process, the significant process of gas separation, chemicals and biogenetic products isolation and purification, or even become depth separation, purification not
The technology that can or lack, and the combination property as the seperation film of core component determines the separation efficiency of membrane module, service life
And operation expense.In actual industrial is run, complexity such as drinking water, sewage disposal, rubbish due to material composition ooze
Filtrate, pharmaceutical factory wastewater treatment, biogas etc., and the polytropy of external environment such as ambient temperature and humidity, pH value etc., to seperation film
Combination property propose more stringent requirement.At present, Kynoar（PVDF）With its excellent acid and alkali-resistance and thermally-stabilised
Property has become one of most widely used material in micro- outside Now Domestic/ultrafiltration film preparation.But because the surface energy of PVDF is high,
There is strong hydrophobicity, meanwhile, PVDF vitrification point is relatively low, after being dried, size has very big contraction, warp in actual use
Often occur fouling membrane and flux to decline, need frequently backwash and chemical flush, especially biological in the film using aerator
Reactor（MBR）In easily cause fracture of wire or appearance the problems such as diaphragm ruptures.Even if by the improvement of sealing component and technique,
It is difficult to fundamentally ensure that pvdf membrane remains excellent performance under longtime running.Therefore, exploitation has acid and alkali-resistance, size
The membrane material of the combination property such as stable, thermally-stabilised, high mechanical strength, flux be big will have huge market application potential.
Aromatic polyamides have high intensity, high-moduluss, good hydrophilic, resistance to acids and bases and excellent hot property, low close
Degree etc., and it is increasingly becoming the high performance material that countries in the world fall over each other to develop.The intensity of the fiber of its spinning is 5～6 times of steel wire
, modulus is 2～3 times of steel wire or glass fibre, and toughness is 2 times of steel wire, and weight is only the 1/5 about of steel wire, at 400 DEG C
When, do not decompose, melt, there is good insulating properties and ageing resistace, there are very long usage cycles.Due to aromatic polyamides
Indissoluble infusibility, at present it is carried out dissolve masking report less.
Chinese patent literature CN1681875A describes one kind and contains poly(isophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine)（PMIA）Porous
Film and its manufacture method, are modified to PMIA using the 3rd segment, product is dissolved in amide solvent and is cast to supporting
On body, it is then immersed in, containing curing molding in amide-type coagulating bath, obtaining perforated membrane, only describe in this patent documentation between gathering
The preparation method of phenyl-diformyl m-diaminobenzene. perforated membrane, and not using porogen, there is certain limitation, and adopt the 3rd chain
Segment unit（As aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, alicyclic dicarboxylic acid etc.）The process that PMIA is modified is complicated, and often to PMIA
Bulk properties adversely affect；Wen Zhongwei is done to the solvent using when PMIA not being modified using the 3rd segment and especially says
Bright, only point out it is amide solvent, and PMIA is only dissolved in hexamethyl phosphoramide, this material has strong carcinogenecity.
Chinese patent literature CN1625436A describes the manufacture method of PMIA porous hollow fiber membrane, will be by PMIA, PVP
And inorganic salt（CaCl2Or CaCl2Mixture with LiCl）The preparation liquid of composition sprays through 70 DEG C or more of annular nozzle,
Again through dry-wet spinning, moisturizing processes and obtains PMIA hollow fiber porous film, and the perforated membrane obtaining can be used as solid polymer type
Fuel cell humidification membrane, Wen Zhongwei does in the film properties of the aspect application such as water process or gas separation to perforated membrane further
Research, and high-load must be used when dissolving PMIA（6～8wt%）Cosolvent at high temperature（90～110 DEG C）Carry out long-time
Dissolving, this may cause the degraded of solvent such as N-Methyl pyrrolidone etc., and then affects membrane pore structure.
In addition, there being article that the modification of PPTA is studied, to strengthen the dissolubility of PPTA, such as Song just gives birth in Jiangxi teacher
Model college journal（Natural science edition）（1991,15（2）, 145-161）In report using 4,4- diaminodiphenyl ether（DAE）Make
For the 3rd chain segment unit, the dissolubility of PPTA is modified, but while having improved solubility its thermodynamic stability under
Fall, 10% weight-loss ratio drops to 538.2 DEG C of modified ppta by 587.9 DEG C of PPTA；And Wen Zhongwei makes a search to mechanical strength,
It is contemplated that intensity also has a certain degree of decline.
Chinese patent literature CN103143273A describes the preparation method of PPTA perforated membrane, but the method adopt 98～
The concentrated sulphuric acid of 100wt%, as solvent, carries out the preparation of perforated membrane, the use of severe corrosive concentrated sulphuric acid, to film-forming apparatus and ring
Border, human users etc. have high requirement；In addition, also not furtheing investigate to the performance of PPTA perforated membrane in literary composition.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane
Method, gained porous film strength height, acid and alkali-resistance, heat stability are high and flux is big, can be used for typically and under the conditions of bad environments
The field such as water process and gas separation.
For solving the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Design a kind of preparation method of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprise the following steps：
（1）The Ionization Modification of aromatic polyamides：
In noble gases（As nitrogen etc.）Under protection, hydride is dispersed in mineral oil, adds dimethyl sulfoxide
（DMSO）, mixing 5～20min to do not have hydrogen produce；Then, n-hexane extraction is added to go out mineral oil（Repeat until there is no ore deposit
Till thing oil occurs）, obtain yellowish green low viscosity solution（Raffinate）；The fragrant polyamides that molecular weight is 5000～60000
After amine is fully dried, it is added to mixing 12～168h in gained low viscosity solution, obtains red thick shape solution, as fragrance is poly-
Amide Ionization Modification solution；Gained aromatic polyamides Ionization Modification solution is carried out non-solvent precipitation, gained sediment warp
35～90 DEG C are vacuum dried 24～60h, and then freeze grinding becomes powder, obtains Ionization Modification aromatic polyamides；
Described hydride with the mass ratio of described mineral oil is（30～40）：100, preferably 35：100；Described dimethyl is sub-
Sulfone is 1 with the mol ratio of hydride：（2～2.2）, described hydride and described aromatic polyamides mol ratio are 1：（Dp～
1.2Dp）, Dp is the degree of polymerization of aromatic polyamides；Described non-solvent with the mass ratio of described aromatic polyamides is（10～30）：1；
（2）The preparation of casting solution：
Get the raw materials ready：Ionization Modification aromatic polyamides 1～16wt%, porogen 2～11wt%, solvent 73～97wt%；Will be described
Ionization Modification aromatic polyamides and solvent mixing, stirring and dissolving at 30～70 DEG C, add institute after forming clear viscous solution
State porogen, after being sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12～48h, obtain casting solution；
（3）Non-solvent immersion precipitation phase inversion process masking.
Preferably, step（3）It is prepared by the following method plate porous membrane：Gained casting solution is heated to 30～60 DEG C,
Uniformly scratch on clean glass plate, and be immersed in curing molding 0.5～2h in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths immediately, be then immersed in
0.5～36h in the water being 70～100 DEG C to temperature, is immersed in after taking-up in room temperature pure water again, changes a water, leaching every 8h
Bubble 48h, thoroughly to remove the solvent of residual in membrane removal, obtains final product aromatic polyamides plate porous membrane.
Preferably, step（3）Tubular composite membrane also can be prepared by the following method：Gained casting solution is added tubular type ultrafiltration
In film bonding machine, casting solution temperature control, at 30～60 DEG C, behind 0～15cm the air gap, is immersed in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths
Middle curing molding 0.5～2h, is then immersed in 0.5～36h in the water that temperature is 70～100 DEG C, is immersed in room temperature pure after taking-up
In water, change a water every 8h, soak 48 h, obtain final product aromatic polyamides porous pipe type composite membrane.
Preferably, step（3）Also hollow fiber porous film can be prepared by the following method：Gained casting solution is placed in spinning
In kettle, it is heated to 30～60 DEG C, is extruded, behind 0～15cm the air gap, be immersed in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths, first
Casting solution extrusion obtains nascent hollow fiber porous film, then through winding, after 70～100 DEG C of water wash 0.5～36h, that is,
Obtain aromatic polyamides hollow fiber porous film.
Described hydride is preferably at least one in lithium hydride, hydrofining, sodium hydride.
Described aromatic polyamides are preferably PPTA（PPTA）And poly(isophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine)
（PMIA）In at least one.
Described porogen is preferably Polyethylene Glycol（PEG, weight average molecular weight is 200～100000）And Polyvinylpyrrolidone
（PVP, weight average molecular weight is 10000～100000）In at least one.
For the preparation method of above-mentioned aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, described solvent is aprotic polar solvent, preferably：Two
Methylformamide（DMF）, N-Methyl pyrrolidone（NMP）, dimethyl acetylamide（DMAc）, dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO）, tetrahydrochysene
Furan（THF）In at least one.
For the preparation method of above-mentioned aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, described coagulating bath is pure water or pure water and organic solvent
Mixed solution, the mass ratio between water and organic solvent is 3：（0～2）.
For the preparation method of above-mentioned aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, described non-solvent is at least in ether and dimethylbenzene
Kind.
The present invention has following positive beneficial effect：
（1）Aromatic polyamides perforated membrane high intensity, high-moduluss and good hydrophilic that the present invention prepares, can solve
Existing membrane material such as Kynoar（PVDF）Fouling membrane in actually used, deformation and fracture phenomena.
（2）Due to Ionization Modification being carried out to aromatic polyamide before preparing casting solution, enable aromatic polyamide
It is dissolved in common organic solvents, therefore avoid the concentrated sulphuric acid that must adopt severe corrosive during aromatic polyamide dissolving or strong cause
Carcinous hexamethyl phosphoramide, substantially reduces to the material and environmental requirement of film-forming apparatus.
（3）The whole technological process of the present invention is simple and easy to control, efficiency high, and prepared film-strength height, acid and alkali-resistance, heat are steady
Qualitative high and flux is big, can be used for the water process of general and harsh environmental conditions and the field such as gas separates.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments, to the specific embodiment providing according to the present invention, details are as follows：
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the KH of 400mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add anhydrous dimethyl sulphoxide 800mL, after mixing 15min, no
Bubble is emerged.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.?
To yellowish green low viscosity solution.6.86g molecular weight be 3.1 ten thousand PPTA through 100 DEG C of vacuum fully be dried after, be added to solution
After middle mixing 48h, obtain red thick shape solution；Add the stirring of 300mL ether, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is through 40 DEG C
After vacuum drying 48h, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PPTA-K+.Weigh the PPTA of 5g-K+It is added to the dimethyl second of 48mL
In 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in amide, after forming clear viscous solution, after adding 2g PEG 10000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum takes off
Bubble 12h, obtains casting solution.Gained casting solution is heated to 50 DEG C, uniformly scratches on clean glass plate, and be immersed in immediately
Curing molding 0.5h in 30 DEG C of water, is then immersed in 36h in the hot water that temperature is 70 DEG C, takes out and is immersed in room temperature pure water, often
Change a water every 8h, soak 48h thoroughly to remove the solvent of residual in membrane removal, obtain final product PPTA plate porous membrane.
In view of the use of most and combination property membrane material the most excellent being Kynoar in current membrance separation（PVDF）, this
It is prepared for PVDF perforated membrane in invention to be compared.
Comparative example 1
The PVDF weighing 5g is added to the dimethyl acetylamide of 48mL（DMAc）In in 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, formed transparent viscous
After thick solution, after adding 2g PEG 10000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12h, obtain casting solution.Scrape membrane process and technique
Condition is in the same manner as in Example 1, finally gives PVDF plate porous membrane.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the LiH of 450mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 860mL, after mixing 10min, bubble-free emits
Go out；Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat, till not having mineral oil to occur, to obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color；7.26g molecular weight be 2.1 ten thousand PMIA be fully dried through 100 DEG C of vacuum after, be added in solution mixing
After 96h, obtain red thick shape solution；Add the stirring of 360mL dimethylbenzene, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is through 40 DEG C of vacuum
After 48h is dried, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PPTA-K+；Weigh the PMIA of 6.2g-K+It is added to 52mL dimethylformamide
In in 40 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, after forming clear viscous solution, after adding 3.2g PEG 400 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation
12h, obtains casting solution.Gained casting solution is heated to 60 DEG C, uniformly scratches on clean glass plate, and be immersed in 20 immediately
DEG C the aqueous solution of 10wt% DMF in curing molding 1h, be then immersed in 24 h in the hot water that temperature is 90 DEG C, taking-up is immersed in
In room temperature pure water, change a water every 8h, soak 48 h thoroughly to remove the solvent of residual in membrane removal, obtain final product PMIA flat board porous
Film.
Comparative example 2
The PVDF weighing 6.2 g is added in 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the dimethyl acetylamide of 52 mL, forms clear viscous
After solution, after adding 3.2 g PEG 400 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12 h, obtain casting solution.Scrape membrane process and technique
Condition is in the same manner as in Example 2, finally gives PVDF plate porous membrane.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the NaH of 360mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 630 mL, after mixing 20min, bubble-free
Emerge.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain Huang
The low viscosity solution of green.3.26g molecular weight be 4.1 ten thousand PPTA and 3.65g molecular weight be 3.2 ten thousand PMIA true through 100 DEG C
After sky is fully dried, after being added to mixing 168h in solution, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 360mL dimethylbenzene, quiet
Put sucking filtration, after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 24h, freeze grinding becomes powder to the precipitate obtaining, that is, obtain PPTA-Na+With PMIA-Na+
Aromatic polyamides mixture.The mixture weighing 5.3g is added in 70 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 46 mL,
After forming clear viscous solution, after adding 1.3 g PVP 10000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 36h, obtain casting solution.
Gained casting solution is heated to 60 DEG C in spinning kettle, through dosing pump-hollow spinning nozzle extrusion, behind 5cm the air gap, leaching
Enter in 20 DEG C of water, while extrusion, the core liquid consisting of the aqueous solution of 20wt% NMP is squeezed casting solution by spinning head center
Go out, obtain nascent hollow fiber porous film, then through winding, after 70 DEG C of hot water drip washing 0.5h, that is, obtain described PPTA/
PMIA hollow fiber porous film.
Comparative example 3
The PVDF weighing 5.3g is added in 70 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the NMP of 46mL, after forming clear viscous solution, adds
After 1.3g PVP 10000 is sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 36h, obtain casting solution.Spinning process and process conditions and enforcement
Identical in example 3.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the KH of 500mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 710mL, after mixing 15min, bubble-free emits
Go out.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color.7.26g molecular weight be 5.2 ten thousand PMIA be fully dried through 100 DEG C of vacuum after, be added in solution mixing
After 60h, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 490mL ether, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is done through 60 DEG C of vacuum
After dry 48 h, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PMIA-K+.Weigh the PMIA of 2.3g-K+It is added in the DMSO of 45mL in 30
DEG C stirring and dissolving, after forming clear viscous solution, after adding 1.1g PVP 30000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 24h, obtain
To casting solution.Gained casting solution is added in tubular ultra-filtration membrane welding knifing machine, and casting solution temperature control is at 30 DEG C, empty through 15cm
Behind gas gap, curing molding 1h in the DMSO aqueous solution of the 15wt% being immersed in 20 DEG C, it is then immersed in the hot water that temperature is 70 DEG C
Middle 36h, takes out and is immersed in room temperature pure water, changes a water every 8h, soaks 48h, obtains final product PMIA porous pipe type composite membrane.
Comparative example 4
The PVDF weighing 2.3g is added in 30 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the NMP of 45mL, after forming clear viscous solution, adds
After 1.1g PVP 30000 is sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 24h, obtain casting solution.Tubular membrane preparation process and process conditions
In the same manner as in Example 4.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the LiH of 460mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 660mL, after mixing 20min, bubble-free emits
Go out.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color.4.6g molecular weight is 3.3 ten thousand PPTA and 2.5g molecular weight is that 1.2 ten thousand PMIA fills through 100 DEG C of vacuum
Divide after being dried, after being added to mixing 120h in solution, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 390mL dimethylbenzene, standing is taken out
Filter, after 70 DEG C of vacuum drying 60h, freeze grinding becomes powder to the precipitate obtaining, that is, obtain PPTA-Na+With PMIA-Na+Fragrance
Polyamide compound.The mixture weighing 6.6 g is added in 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the N-Methyl pyrrolidone of 48mL, is formed
After clear viscous solution, after adding 1.3 g PEG 200 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12h, obtain casting solution.Gained is cast
Film liquid is added in tubular ultra-filtration membrane welding knifing machine, and casting solution temperature control, at 60 DEG C, behind 0cm the air gap, is immersed in
Curing molding 2h in 40 DEG C of water, is then immersed in 0.5h in the hot water that temperature is 100 DEG C, takes out and is immersed in room temperature pure water, often
Change a water every 8h, soak 48h, obtain final product PPTA/PMIA porous pipe type composite membrane.
Comparative example 5
The PVDF weighing 6.6g is added in 60 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the NMP of 48mL, after forming clear viscous solution, adds
After 1.3g PEG 200 is sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12h, obtain casting solution.Tubular membrane preparation process and process conditions with
Identical in embodiment 5.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the NaH of 320mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 390mL, after mixing 10min, bubble-free emits
Go out.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color.3.3g molecular weight be 5.3 ten thousand PPTA be fully dried through 100 DEG C of vacuum after, be added in solution mixing
After 160h, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 270mL dimethylbenzene, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is through 90 DEG C of vacuum
After 50h is dried, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PPTA-Na+.Weigh the PPTA of 2.6g-Na+It is added to the N- methyl pyrrole of 41mL
In 45 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in pyrrolidone, after forming clear viscous solution, after adding 2.4g PVP 100,000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, very
Empty deaeration 24h, obtains casting solution.Gained casting solution is heated to 40 DEG C, uniformly scratches on clean glass plate, and soak immediately
Enter the curing molding 1.5h in 20 DEG C of water, be then immersed in 24h in the hot water that temperature is 70 DEG C, take out and be immersed in room temperature pure water
In, change a water every 8h, soak 48h, obtain final product PPTA plate porous membrane.
Comparative example 6
The PVDF weighing 2.6g is added in 45 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the NMP of 41mL, after forming clear viscous solution, adds
After 2.4g PVP 100,000 is sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 24h, obtain casting solution.Scrape membrane process and process conditions and embodiment
Identical in 6.
Embodiment 7
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the KH of 220mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 310mL, after mixing 15min, bubble-free emits
Go out.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color.3.7g molecular weight be 1.3 ten thousand PMIA be fully dried through 100 DEG C of vacuum after, be added in solution mixing
After 24h, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 200mL ether, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is done through 80 DEG C of vacuum
After dry 40 h, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PPTA-K+.Weigh the PPTA of 1.6 g-Na+It is added to the oxolane of 50 mL
（THF）In in 40 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, after forming clear viscous solution, after adding 1.5 g PEG 100,000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, very
Empty deaeration 12h, obtains casting solution.Gained casting solution is heated to 40 DEG C in spinning kettle, squeezes through dosing pump-hollow spinning nozzle
Go out, behind 5cm the air gap, be immersed in the THF aqueous solution of 20 DEG C of 20wt%, casting solution, while extrusion, consists of
The core liquid of the aqueous solution of the THF of 10wt% is extruded by spinning head center, obtains nascent hollow fiber porous film, then through winding, in
After 90 DEG C of hot water drip washing 1.5h, that is, obtain described PMIA hollow fiber porous film.
Comparative example 7
The PVDF weighing 1.6g is added in 45 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the oxolane of 50mL, forms clear viscous solution
Afterwards, after adding 1.5g PEG 100,000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12h, obtain casting solution.Spinning process and process conditions
In the same manner as in Example 7.
Embodiment 8
A kind of preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane, comprises the following steps：Under nitrogen protection, add in there-necked flask
Enter the KH of 420mL mineral oil and its weight 35%, stir, add the anhydrous DMSO of 510mL, after mixing 15min, bubble-free emits
Go out.Anhydrous n-hexane is added in system and extracts mineral oil layer, repeat till not having mineral oil to occur.Obtain yellowish green
The low viscosity solution of color.5.7g molecular weight be 3.7 ten thousand PMIA be fully dried through 100 DEG C of vacuum after, be added in solution mixing
After 132h, obtain red thick shape solution.Add the stirring of 280mL dimethylbenzene, stand sucking filtration, the precipitate obtaining is through 90 DEG C of vacuum
After 60h is dried, freeze grinding becomes powder, that is, obtain PMIA-K+.Weigh the PPTA of 5.1 g-Na+Be added to the THF of 53mL with
DMAc（60/40 wt%）Mixed solvent in 50 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, after forming clear viscous solution, add 1.5g PVP 30,000
After being sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 24 h, obtain casting solution.Gained casting solution is added to tubular ultra-filtration membrane welding knifing machine
In, casting solution temperature control, at 50 DEG C, behind 5cm the air gap, is immersed in THF and DMAc of 40 DEG C of 10wt%（60/
40wt%）Mixed aqueous solution in curing molding 1h, be then immersed in 12h in the hot water that temperature is 90 DEG C, take out and be immersed in room temperature
In pure water, change a water every 8h, soak 48h, obtain final product PMIA porous pipe type composite membrane.
Comparative example 8
The PVDF weighing 5.1 g is added in 50 DEG C of stirring and dissolving in the oxolane of 53mL, forms clear viscous solution
Afterwards, after adding 1.5g PVP 30,000 to be sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 24h, obtain casting solution.Tubular membrane preparation process and technique
Condition is in the same manner as in Example 8.
Embodiment and the pure water flux of perforated membrane of preparation, water contact angle, bovine serum albumin in comparative example（BSA）, disconnected
The performance such as resistance to spalling and elongation at break is listed in Table 1 below.
The calculating of inventive film water flux J is according to following formula：
Wherein V is the volume through water（L）, S is membrane area（m2）, t is the testing time（h）, test pressure is
0.1MPa.
Inventive film surface water contact angle is measured using bikini measurement method, and five diverse locations chosen by each sample
Measure respectively, take last meansigma methodss.
Using ultraviolet absorption method measurement film to bovine serum albumin（BSA）Rejection.Pure water cleaning film is spent before test
Surface, precompressed under 0.1Mpa starts to filter the BSA solution that configure after 30 minutes, every 10 minutes respectively stock solution of collection with
Permeate, in UV-Vis spectrophotometry degree instrument（UV-2450, SHIMADZU, Japan）Lower test stock solution and threw liquid extinction
Degree, calculates rejection by following formula：
In formula：RFor rejection（%）；A 0 For stock solution absorbance；A 1 For permeate absorbance.
Flat Membrane sample is cut into 5 × 1cm strip or hollow-fibre membrane is cut into 5cm length（In hollow-fibre membrane
External diameter is respectively 1.3mm and 0.7mm）, using universal testing machine（HY-1080, Laizhou Electron Instrument Co., Ltd.）,
25oUnder C, with 20mm/min, the fracture strength of test film and elongation at break, each sample test number of times is 5 times to draw speed,
Take its meansigma methods.
.
.
Note：Wherein "-" is that experiment is tested.Because tubular membrane is polyalcohol stephanoporate cortex and non-woven fabrics supporting layer
Composite membrane, the presence of non-woven fabrics is to the fracture strength of tubular membrane and its Main Function of elongation at break, so measured value now
The impact to film mechanical performance for the polyalcohol stephanoporate cortex can not fully be characterized.
The invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific embodiment, those skilled in the art also can make multiple changes accordingly,
But any it is equal to the present invention or similar change all should be covered within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of high-intensity high-throughput aromatic polyamides perforated membrane is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The Ionization Modification of aromatic polyamides：
Under inert gas shielding, hydride is dispersed in mineral oil, adds dimethyl sulfoxide, mixing 5～20min is not to having
Hydrogen is had to produce；It is subsequently adding n-hexane extraction and goes out mineral oil, obtain yellowish green low viscosity solution；By molecular weight be 5000～
After 60000 aromatic polyamides are fully dried, it is added to mixing 12～168h in gained low viscosity solution, obtains red thick shape
Solution, as aromatic polyamides Ionization Modification solution；Gained aromatic polyamides Ionization Modification solution is carried out non-solvent sink
Form sediment, gained sediment becomes powder through 35～90 DEG C of vacuum drying 24～60h, then freeze grinding, obtains Ionization Modification fragrance
Polyamide；
Described hydride is 30～40 with the mass ratio of described mineral oil：100；Described dimethyl sulfoxide and the mol ratio of hydride
For 1：2～2.2, described hydride and described aromatic polyamides mol ratio are 1：1Dp～1.2Dp, Dp are the poly- of aromatic polyamides
Right；Described non-solvent is 10～30 with the mass ratio of described aromatic polyamides：1；
（2）The preparation of casting solution：
Get the raw materials ready：Ionization Modification aromatic polyamides 1～16wt%, porogen 2～11wt%, solvent 73～97wt%；By described ion
Change modified aromatic polyamide and solvent mixing, stirring and dissolving at 30～70 DEG C, after forming clear viscous solution, add described cause
Hole agent, after being sufficiently mixed dissolving, vacuum defoamation 12～48h, obtain casting solution；
（3）Non-solvent immersion precipitation phase inversion process masking.
2. according to claim 1 the preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane it is characterised in that step（3）By following
Method prepares plate porous membrane：Gained casting solution is heated to 30～60 DEG C, uniformly scratches on clean glass plate, and immediately
It is immersed in curing molding 0.5～2h in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths, be then immersed in 0.5 in the water that temperature is 70～100 DEG C～
36h, is immersed in after taking-up in room temperature pure water again, changes a water every 8h, soaks 48h thoroughly to go in membrane removal the molten of residual
Agent, obtains final product aromatic polyamides plate porous membrane.
3. according to claim 1 the preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane it is characterised in that step（3）By following
Method prepares tubular composite membrane：Gained casting solution is added in tubular ultra-filtration membrane bonding machine, casting solution temperature control is 30～60
DEG C, without the air gap or behind no more than 15cm the air gap, be immersed in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths curing molding 0.5～
2h, is then immersed in 0.5～36h in the water that temperature is 70～100 DEG C, is immersed in room temperature pure water after taking-up, changes every 8h
Water, soaks 48 h, obtains final product aromatic polyamides porous pipe type composite membrane.
4. according to claim 1 the preparation method of aromatic polyamides perforated membrane it is characterised in that step（3）By following
Method prepares hollow fiber porous film：Gained casting solution is placed in spinning kettle, is heated to 30～60 DEG C, is extruded, without
The air gap or behind no more than 15cm the air gap, is immersed in 20～50 DEG C of coagulating baths, and casting solution extrusion first obtains
Nascent hollow fiber porous film, then through winding, after 70～100 DEG C of water wash 0.5～36h, obtain final product in aromatic polyamides
Hollow fiber perforated membrane.
5. according to claim 1 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described hydride is hydrogenation
At least one in lithium, hydrofining, sodium hydride.
6. according to claim 1 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described aromatic polyamides are
At least one in PPTA and poly(isophthaloyl metaphenylene diamine).
7. according to claim 1 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described porogen is poly- second
At least one in glycol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone.
8. according to claim 1 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described solvent is dimethyl
At least one in Methanamide, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl acetylamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, oxolane；Described non-solvent
For at least one in ether and dimethylbenzene.
9. according to claim 2,3 or 4 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described coagulating bath
For the mixed solution of pure water or pure water and organic solvent, the mass ratio between water and organic solvent is 3：0～2.
10. according to claim 1 aromatic polyamides perforated membrane preparation method it is characterised in that：Described hydride and institute
The mass ratio stating mineral oil is 35：100.
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| CN103846022A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2014-06-11 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Preparation method of copolyimide hollow fiber gas separation membrane |
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