CN105022882B - A kind of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment method - Google Patents
A kind of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment method, comprise the following steps：Establish ship housing and the three-dimensional photoetching form model i.e. STL models in all cabins；Floading condition under any loading condition of Ship '；Buoyancy distribution curve, weight distribution curve, load distribution line, shearing distribution curve and the Bending moment distribution curve of Ship '.The present invention based on the floading condition under STL models Ship ' arbitrarily loading situation, can Ship ' simultaneously heel and trim, compensate in conventional method can only Ship ' Angle of Trim deficiency, improve computational accuracy.The present invention can be with the curve of buoyancy under any heel of Ship ' and trim based on ship housing STL models.The present invention proposes the concept of cabin " distribution of weight table ", need to only go out the volume distributed median of each rib interdigit during calculating according to loading height interpolation, can improve computational accuracy and can and ensure computational efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ships strength calculating field of Load Computer core technology, particularly a kind of ship still water shearing force
And calculation of Bending Moment method.
Background technology
It is that SOLAS pacts force to want to calculate the still water shearing force of the large deck opening ships such as bulk freighter, container ship and moment of flexure
Ask.SOLAS pacts and International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) (IACS) require captain 150m and the above all bulk freighters and meet classification society
Large deck opening ship defined in specification all should be equipped with Load Computer software, and Load Computer must calculate respectively exactly
Still water shearing force and still water bending moment value under kind loading situation.CCS《Steel seagoing vessel enters level with building specification》Also provide
Calculate the still water shearing force and moment of flexure along each cross section of captain.The calculating of ship still water shearing force and moment of flexure is Navigation Safety
Important prerequisite, and ship loads automatically, loading process optimization and determine handling goods order basis.
Ships strength computational methods can be broadly divided into two kinds at present：A kind of is the FEM model for establishing ship, by having
Finite element analysis Ship ' intensity, another is according to simple deflection of beam theoretical calculation ships strength.Wang Feng in 2014 etc.
Full vessel FE method for simplifying Ship ' longitudinal strength [1] is used based on NAPA；High cyclopentadienyl is entered using Maxsurf softwares within 2014
Carry out still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment [2]；The yellow quick SESAM software Ship ' longitudinal strengths [3] using DNV in 2013；
The side of grandson one in 2012 is based on a set of bulk freighter safe load calculator of NURBS technological development, bent using trapezoidal profile method Ship ' weight
Line [4]；Guo Lei in 2012 according to Bonjean's curves by iterating to calculate out ship buoyance curve, using trapezoidal profile method calculated weight
Distribution curve [5]；Yang Yi benefits in 2011 realize hull deflection using NAPA softwares as development platform, using NAPA BASIC
Computer longitudinal strength check [6]；Goebel in 2011 is female to write program to main ship using TRIBON ship production design platforms
Body longitudinal strength, which calculate, checks [7]；Yellow intelligence Xiang is calculated under each operating mode using CCS COMPASS softwares within 2011
Still water shearing force and moment of flexure [8]；Xiao Hong texts are used respectively within 2011《Internal navigation seagoing vessel builds specification》(2006) and《Steel inland river
Ship construction rules》(2009) Calculating Method of Longitudinal as defined in calculates the still water bending moment of hull and hydrostatic shearing force [9]；
2009, a big grade was based on Maxsurf softwares, carries out three-dimensional modeling using two-dimentional molded lines, is then introduced into Hydromax modules
Carry out longitudinal strength analysis [10]；The 2009 Nian , Xu fine jades are using Excel according to ship table of offsets, Bonjean's curves and light weight point
Cloth etc. has worked out Ship Longitudinal strength accounting program [11]；2009, Yang Caihong have studied the correlation technique of loading instrument peculiar to vessel, its
Trapezoidal profile method [12] is employed during calculated weight distribution curve；2008, the light weight that Duan Xingfeng etc. is provided using shipyard
The data such as distribution, hydrostatic force data and nation's honor curve, a set of ship loading instrument is developed with reference to numeric type value table, and it calculates intensity
Shi Caiyong conventional methods [13]；2007, Han Yongbo proposed to carry out distribution of weight [14] according to the section area curve in cabin；
2006, Jiang Guangyu was based on NAPA Ship 's longitudinal strength [15]；2002, Yin Qun describe in detail ship still water shearing force and
The computational methods [17] of moment of flexure；2001, kind just describe of Wu was lacking the feelings of quiet hydraulic performance and light weight Distribution Data
The method [16] of ship longitudinal strength under condition.
At present in Ship ' still water shearing force and moment of flexure, mainly according to the ship hydrostatic power of ship designing department offer
Table, table of tank capacities, nation's honor curve, light weight distribution table and rib are calculated away from table.Its calculation procedure is as follows：
(1) Ship ' trim floading condition
If LBPFor ship length between perpendiculars, XBFor ship centre of buoyancy longitudinal coordinate, MTC is Trimming Moment per cm,For trim
Angle, T are Mean Draught, and Δ is vessel displacement, PiAnd XGiThe loading amount and longitudinal position of tractor center of gravity in respectively each cabin, PiBy
User inputs, XGiAccording to PiLook into and take table of tank capacities to obtain.
1) quiet hydraulic gauge is looked into by displacement Δ to obtain absorbing water T, XB, XF, MTC.
2) longitudinal coordinate is calculated：
3) trim trim is calculated：
4) Angle of Trim is calculated：
5) draft fore is calculated：
6) tail drinking water is calculated：
(2) buoyancy distribution curve is calculated
For ship under a certain loading situation, curve of the description buoyancy along captain's distribution situation is referred to as buoyancy distribution curve.
As shown in figure 1, set Xi-1And XiFor along captain direction the i-th -1, the longitudinal coordinate value of i ribs position.According to step (1)
The stem drinking water T calculatedFAnd ship aft draft TAEating at the i-th-No. 1 and No. i-th rib position can be calculated by linear interpolation
Water Ti-1And Ti.The Area of Wetted Surface A at the i-th-No. 1 and No. i-th rib position is can obtain according to drinking water Cha Qu ships nation honor curvei-1And Ai,
Then the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the buoyancy of No. i-th rib interdigit are：
ρ is density of sea water in formula；ΔLiFor i-1 ribs position and No. i-th rib interdigit spacing.
(3) calculated weight distribution curve
Light weight directly use loading manual in light weight distributed data, cargo hold, profit, crewman and spare unit these
Changeable weight is calculated using " trapezoidal profile method ", as shown in Figure 2.
Wherein, P is the quality of changeable weight；XPFor the longitudinal coordinate of changeable weight center of gravity；L is the distribution model of changeable weight
Enclose；PAAnd PFRespectively changeable weight distribution rear end and front end weight distribution value, center section distribution of weight are inserted using linear
Value.
(4) Ship ' load, the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the load of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Qi=Wi-Bi
Wherein, BiFor rib interdigit buoyancy；WiFor rib interdigit weight.
(5) Ship ' shears, the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the shearing of No. i-th rib interdigit：
(6) Ship ' moment of flexure, the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the moment of flexure of No. i-th rib interdigit：
There is some shortcomings for this way：
1) the hydrostatic force data provided during Ship ' floading condition based on ship designing department, can only be under Ship ' trim
Floading condition, there can be certain error when ship has heel；
2) method of ship floating condition of step 1) calculating and the nation Rong Qu of ship designing department offer need to be provided when calculating the curve of buoyancy
Line.Due to step 1) methods described can only be under Ship ' trimming condition floading condition, so the meeting when ship has certain heel
Cause some errors.The Bonjean's curves that other ship designing department is provided precision at head and the tail is inadequate, and the type of ship head and the tail
Line is again more complicated, so that there is shearing and M curve not closure situation, need to carry out shearing bending moment rectification；
3) changeable weight distribution is calculated using " trapezoidal profile method " when calculating Gravity Curves, for relatively regular cabin, missed
Difference is smaller, but can have larger error for the irregular cabin such as cabin at the cargo hold containing corrugated bulkhead, stem stern.
Bibliography of the present invention is as follows：
[1] Wang Feng, Chen Yuzhen, Zhang Qingmin：Application [J] of the full vessel FE method for simplifying in longitudinal strength, ship
Oceangoing ship and ocean engineering, 2014 (01):24-27.
[2] Gao Maojin, Wu Jie：108m deck cargo ships longitudinal strength directly calculates analysis [J], Jiangsu ship, 2014 (03):
12-13。
[3] Huang Min：3000DWT deck cargo ships longitudinal strength analyzes [J], Chinese Water Transportation (the second half of the month), 2013 (11):
28-29。
[4] Sun Yifang：Bulk freighter safe load calculator design [D] based on NURBS technologies, Harbin Engineering University, 2012.
[5] Guo Lei：Barge loading system engineering problem studies [D], Dalian University of Technology, and 2012.
[6] Yang Yiyi：The deck cargo ship longitudinal strength nucleus correcting system for considering amount of deflection based on NAPA studies [D], Jiangsu science and technology
University, 2011.
[7] Goebel is female, Zhou Yulong：[J] is calculated based on the overall longitudinal strength of hull of TRIBON platforms and database technology, Jiangsu
Ship, 2011 (05):1-3.
[8] Huang Zhixiang：The coastal deck ship longitudinal strength analyses [J] of 5000T, Chinese Water Transportation (the second half of the month), 2011 (10):
117-118。
[9] Xiao Hongwen, Liu Jiaxin：River and sea freighter longitudinal strength proper calculation and research [J], ship sea engineering, 2011
(06):35-39。
[10] Zhang Wei：Certain bulk freighter structural strength analysis [D], the Maritime Affairs University Of Dalian, 2009.
[11] Xu Yu：Longitudinal strength research [D] based on coastal vessel, the Maritime Affairs University Of Dalian, 2009.
[12] Yang Caihong：The research and development [D] of loading instrument correlation technique peculiar to vessel, Harbin Engineering University, 2009.
[13] Duan Xingfeng：The research [D] of ship loading instrument based on table of offsets, the Maritime Affairs University Of Dalian, 2008.
[14] Han Yongbo：Ships strength based on digital table of offsets is checked and loading instrument design [D], the Maritime Affairs University Of Dalian,
2007。
[15] Jiang Guangyu, Xie Yunping, Liu Kefeng etc.：Based on the big breadth depth ratio Ship Longitudinal strength calculation methods of NAPA and analysis
[J], Jiangsu University of Science and Technology's journal (natural science edition), 2007 (S1):21-23.
[16] Wu Shangang, Qiu Wenchang：Trim and Calculating Method of Longitudinal based on the curves of form, 21 century navigation section
Skill developments seminar, GuangZhou, China, Chinese Suzhou, 2001 [C].
[17] Yin Qun, Guan Yifeng, Zhang Yanchang：The calculating and analysis [J] of ship still water shearing force and moment of flexure, shipbuilding technology,
2002(01):13-16。
The content of the invention
To solve above mentioned problem existing for prior art, the present invention will design a kind of ship hydrostatic for improving computational accuracy
Shearing and calculation of Bending Moment method.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment method,
Comprise the following steps：
A, ship housing and the three-dimensional photoetching form model i.e. STL models in all cabins are established
Ship housing and the STL models in all cabins are established by one of following two approach, and states an array
FrameDisArr [], for storing rib away from table：
A1, the ship for design data be present, IGES models are exported with Ship Design software, then pass through 3D modeling again
Software is converted into STL models.Go to step B.
A2, the ship for no ship-design data, it is table of offsets, hydrostatic power numerical tabular in loading manual, total
Layout drawing, capacity plan and table of tank capacities data carry out three-dimensional reconstruction to ship housing and all cabins using modeling tool and obtain ship
Shell and the STL models in all cabins.
B, the floading condition under any loading condition of Ship '
Identified floading condition equation group is when ship balances：
Wherein：Tm, tan θ andRespectively floating parameters, i.e. midship draft, Angle of Heel and Angle of Trim.V0For by draining
The displacement of volume that amount divided by density obtain；XG、YG、ZGRespectively ship longitudinal position of tractor center of gravity, transverse center of gravity and center of gravity are vertical
Coordinate；V is to tilt the displacement of volume under Water Plane.
This is an implicit Nonlinear System of Equations, with the Nowton solution by iterative method floading conditions of gradually nonlinear optimization method
Equation group, midship draft, Angle of Heel and Angle of Trim under Ship ' arbitrarily loading situation.
C, the buoyancy distribution curve of Ship '
The STL models for the ship housing that C1, read step A are established read Ship Design portion to being STL_A defined in internal memory
" rib is away from table " that door provides arrives array FrameDisArr [].
C2, the floading condition calculated according to step B, obtain ship inclination Water Plane, with outside the plane cutting where Water Plane
Shell STL models STL_A obtains the STL models of underwater portion, is defined as STL_B.
C3, traversal array FrameDisArr [] all elements, if currency is x=FrameDisArr [i], i is number
Group index, begun stepping through from 0.Establish the cutting planes with x excessively and perpendicular to captain direction and cut the underwater shell model of ship
STL_B obtains cross section.
C4, the area S using green theorem calculating cross section, using ship rib position as transverse axis, the cross section on each rib position
Product obtains ship buoyance distribution curve for vertical pivot.
D, the weight distribution curve of Ship '
Described weight distribution curve includes fixed weight distribution curve and changeable weight distribution curve.Fixed weight is ship
Oceangoing ship light weight, obtained from ship loading handbook.For changeable weight part, " the distribution of weight table " in each cabin, shape are established
Formula is as shown in table 1, the rib bit distribution shared by the first behavior cabin, and first is classified as loading height, and center section is loading height one
The regularly volume distribution values of each rib interdigit, loading vertical separation take 0.02-0.5m.
The distribution of weight table of table 1
All cabins of ship are traveled through first, and " distribution of weight table " line is highly inquired about according to the current loading in each cabin
Property interpolation goes out the volume of distribution of each rib position, so as to calculate " the distribution of weight coefficient " of each rib position, then with loading mass phase
The multiplied changeable weight to each rib position is distributed, and is then added to obtain the gross weight of current rib position with the fixed weight of each rib position
Distribution, using rib position as transverse axis, weight distribution curve is obtained using the gross weight of rib position as vertical pivot.
E, the load distribution line of Ship '
Under a certain calculating state, description causes curve of the load of hull beam longitudinal bending along captain's distribution situation to be referred to as
Load distribution line, it is the difference of weight distribution curve and buoyancy distribution curve.
E1, calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the buoyancy of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Wherein, Δ LiFor rib column pitch；Ai-1, AiFor at i-th -1 and i ribs position soak Sectional Area, by buoyancy distribution
Curve obtains；ρ is density of sea water.
E2, calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the load of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Qi=Wi-Bi
Wherein, BiFor rib interdigit buoyancy；WiFor rib interdigit weight, obtained by weight distribution curve.
F, the shearing distribution curve of Ship '
Calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the shearing of No. i-th rib interdigit
G, the Bending moment distribution curve of Ship '
Calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the moment of flexure of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention is based on the floading condition under STL models Ship ' arbitrarily loading situation, can Ship ' simultaneously heel
And trim, compensate in conventional method can only Ship ' Angle of Trim deficiency, improve computational accuracy.STL(STereo
Lithography) file is a kind of 3D model files form, is the interface association that 3D SYSTEM companies formulated in 1988
View.STL model three-dimensional data forms are simple, cross-platform function admirable, simple in computational geometry characteristic and asked with plane, curved surface
Calculating speed is fast during friendship, is widely used in visualization in scientific computing, computer animation, 3D printing, virtual reality and Quick-forming
Deng field.
2nd, during Ship ' buoyancy distribution curve, conventional method is that the nation's honor curve provided by ship loading handbook is carried out
Interpolation, the curve of buoyancy that can only be under Ship ' trimming condition can have certain error when ship has certain heel, and this
Invention can be with the curve of buoyancy under any heel of Ship ' and trim based on ship housing STL models, and head and the tail curve closes
It need not be modified.
3rd, during Ship ' weight distribution curve, conventional method is in Ship ' changeable weight distribution curve using ladder
Shape distribution, it is smaller for relatively regular cabin (cabin in such as ship) error, but for the cargo hold containing corrugated bulkhead, ship
The irregular cabin such as cabin at bow stern can have larger error, and be used during present invention calculating by cutting STL models cabin,
Conventional weight trapezoidal profile method is replaced with the actual weight distribution in cabin.It is an advantage of the invention that computational accuracy is high, shortcoming is
It is computationally intensive, such as certain bulk freighter has 54 cabins, adds each cabin and accounts for 20 rib positions, calculate just needs carry out 1000 every time
Remaining cutting, it is impossible to meet the real-time of program.To improve program real-time, the present invention proposes cabin " distribution of weight table "
Concept." the distribution of weight table " in each cabin of ship is obtained by off-line calculation, need to only be gone out according to loading height interpolation during calculating
The volume distributed median of each rib interdigit, loading amount is assigned to each rib position according to volume ratio and calculates weight distribution curve, can
Improve computational accuracy and can and ensure computational efficiency, Fig. 8 is shown obtains weight distribution curve using the inventive method, from Fig. 8
It can be seen that the distribution of weight situation at cabin corrugated bulkhead and the irregular cabin of ship bow stern improves precision.
Brief description of the drawings
The each rib position drinking water of ship calculates schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is the buoyancy distribution curve of Ship ' of the present invention.
" trapezoidal profile method " signal that Fig. 2 is used when being the weight distribution curve of the changeable weight of conventional method Ship '
Figure.
Fig. 3 is bulk freighter of the present invention " SPRING COSMOS " shells and the STL model in all cabins.
Fig. 4 is according to the longitudinally cutting ship housing schematic diagram in rib position when the present invention calculates buoyancy distribution curve.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention is based on STL model Ship ' still water shearing forces and moment of flexure flow chart.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is based on STL model Ship ' curve of buoyancy flow charts.
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is based on STL model Ship ' weight distribution curve flow charts.
Fig. 8 is " distribution of weight table " method of the present invention compared with traditional trapezoidal profile method.
Fig. 9 is that document [11] calculates shearing and the relative error curve of moment of flexure under 4 kinds of operating modes using conventional method.
Figure 10 is document [16] using conventional method calculating and the relative error curve of moment of flexure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 4 is the overall flow figure of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment, and it mainly includes the following steps：
1st, ship and the STL models in all cabins are established.It can be obtained by following two approach：(1) number is designed for existing
According to ship, can with Ship Design software (such as NAPA) export IGES models, then again pass through 3D modeling software (such as 3Dmax) turn
Change STL forms into.(2) for cannot get the ship of ship-design data, it is necessary to table of offsets in loading manual, quiet
The data such as waterpower numerical tabular, General Arrangement, capacity plan and table of tank capacities carry out three-dimensional reconstruction using modeling tool to shell and cabin.
Fig. 3 show bulk freighter " SPRING COSMOS " shells and the STL models in all cabins.
2nd, the floading condition under any loading condition of Ship '.Asked using the Nowton iterative methods of gradually nonlinear optimization method
Solve drinking water, Angle of Heel and the Angle of Trim under floading condition equation group Ship ' arbitrarily loading situation.
3rd, Ship ' " buoyancy distribution curve ".One of key technology of the present invention, Fig. 6 show ship " buoyancy distribution
The flow chart of curve ".First read step 1 establish shell STL models into internal memory, read loading manual in " rib away from
Table " is arrived in array FrameDisArr [].The floading condition calculated according to step 2 determines to tilt Water Plane, where Water Plane
Plane cutting shell STL models obtain the STL models of underwater portion.Array FrameDisArr [] all elements are traveled through, if
Currency is x=FrameDisArr [i], and i is array indexing.The cutting planes with x excessively and perpendicular to captain direction are established to cut
The underwater shell STL Model Bs of ship obtain cross section, for the polygon of series of discrete point composition, are calculated using green theorem horizontal
The area of section.Using x values as transverse axis, corresponding Sectional Area is that vertical pivot draws ship " buoyancy distribution curve ".
4th, Ship ' " weight distribution curve ".The two of key technology of the present invention, " weight distribution curve " include fixed weight
Amount and changeable weight two parts.Fixed weight is ship light weight, can there is the acquisition of ship loading handbook.For changeable weight portion
Point, " the distribution of weight table " in each cabin need to be established, the rib bit distribution shared by the first behavior cabin, first is classified as loading height,
Center section is the volume distribution values of each rib interdigit of timing of loading height one, and loading vertical separation is 0.2m, and Fig. 7 is to calculate ship
The flow chart of oceangoing ship " weight distribution curve ".All cabins of ship are traveled through first, according to the current loading height in each cabin
Go out the volume of distribution of each rib position from " distribution of weight table " linear interpolation, so as to calculate " the distribution of weight system of each rib position
Number ", then be multiplied with loading mass to obtain the changeable weight distribution of each rib position, then the fixed weight with each rib position is added
Gross weight to current rib position is distributed, and using rib position longitudinal coordinate value as transverse axis, ship is drawn out as vertical pivot using the gross weight of rib interdigit
Oceangoing ship " weight distribution curve ", bold portion is bulk freighter " " the ship weight of Taihang 128 " drawn out using context of methods in Fig. 8
Measure distribution curve ".
5th, the load distribution line of Ship '
Under a certain calculating state, description causes curve of the load of hull beam longitudinal bending along captain's distribution situation to be referred to as
Load distribution line, it is the difference of weight distribution curve and buoyancy distribution curve.All rib positions of traversal ship, calculating i-th-
No. 1 rib position and the buoyancy of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Wherein, Δ LiFor rib column pitch；Ai-1, AiFor at i-th -1 and i ribs position soak Sectional Area, by buoyancy distribution
Curve obtains；ρ is density of sea water.
Calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the load of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Qi=Wi-Bi
Wherein, BiFor rib interdigit buoyancy；WiFor rib interdigit weight, obtained by weight distribution curve.
Using rib position table longitudinal coordinate as transverse axis, using the load value of rib interdigit as vertical pivot, ship " load distribution line " is drawn.
6th, the shearing distribution curve of Ship '
As shown in figure 5, traversal ship rib position table, calculates the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the shearing of No. i-th rib interdigit
Using rib position table longitudinal coordinate as transverse axis, using the shear value of rib interdigit as vertical pivot, ship " shearing distribution curve " is drawn.
7th, the Bending moment distribution curve of Ship '
As shown in figure 5, traversal ship rib position table, calculates the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the moment of flexure of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Using rib position table longitudinal coordinate as transverse axis, using the moment of rib interdigit as vertical pivot, ship " Bending moment distribution curve " is drawn.
By bulk freighter, " SPRING COSMOS " and bulk freighter " exemplified by Taihang 128 ", have carried out example calculation to the present invention.Table 2
It is " ballast departure of Taihang 128 " and the shearing calculation of Bending Moment for being fully loaded with NAPA, trapezoidal profile and context of methods under the state that approaches with table 3
As a result.Table 4 gives trapezoidal profile method and the relative error of context of methods percentage allowable (with NAPA differences/allowable value), point
Data in table 4 are analysed, the worst error sheared during trapezoidal profile method ballast departure is 1.7%, and the worst error of moment of flexure is 1.52%,
The worst error sheared during fully loaded arrival be 12.16%, moment of flexure worst error be 20.31%, and use context of methods the two
The worst error for carrying condition is 1.12%, and context of methods computational accuracy is higher by contrast.Fig. 9 and Figure 10 be respectively document [11] and
The shearing allowable and moment of flexure percentage error worst error allowable that document [16] is calculated using trapezoidal profile are respectively 10%
With 5%, and context of methods by control errors 1% or so, improve the computational accuracy of still water shearing force and moment of flexure.Table 5 is shown
" five kinds of typical cases of SPRING COSMOS " carry the still water shearing force of condition and the percentage error allowable of moment of flexure to bulk freighter：LOAD00
For clean ship carry condition, LOAD03 be ballast departure, LOAD08 to be loaded to port, LOAD12 be it is fully loaded leave the port, GLOAD04 is cereal dress
Carry.Table 5 gives the relative error magnitudes that ship typical case checks rib position, and data understand to use calculating of the present invention in analytical table
The relative error of the method and NAPA calculated values of still water shearing force and moment of flexure can be largely controlled below 1%, and maximum error is
2.5%, improve computational accuracy.
Table 2 is " using the inventive method and conventional method shearing moment during the ballast departure of Taihang 128 "
Table 3 is " using the inventive method and conventional method shearing moment when the homogeneous of Taihang 128 " leaves the port
" the inventive method is relative with NAPA calculated values with conventional method when the ballast departure of Taihang 128 " and fully loaded arrival for table 4
Application condition
The bulk freighter of table 5 " five kinds of load condition percentage errors allowable of SPRING COSMOS "
。
Claims (1)
1. a kind of ship still water shearing force and calculation of Bending Moment method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
A, ship housing and the three-dimensional photoetching form model i.e. STL models in all cabins are established
Ship housing and the STL models in all cabins are established by one of following two approach, and states an array
FrameDisArr [], for storing rib away from table：
A1, the ship for design data be present, IGES models are exported with Ship Design software, then pass through 3D modeling software again
It is converted into STL models；Go to step B；
A2, the ship for no ship-design data, table of offsets, hydrostatic power numerical tabular in loading manual, general arrangement
Figure, capacity plan and table of tank capacities data carry out three-dimensional reconstruction to ship housing and all cabins using modeling tool and obtain ship housing
And the STL models in all cabins；
B, the floading condition under any loading condition of Ship '
Identified floading condition equation group is when ship balances：
Wherein：Tan θ andRespectively floating parameters, i.e. Angle of Heel and Angle of Trim；V0Obtained by displacement divided by density
Displacement of volume；XG、YG、ZGRespectively ship longitudinal position of tractor center of gravity, transverse center of gravity and the vertical coordinate of center of gravity；XB、YB、ZBRespectively
For the centre of buoyancy longitudinal coordinate of ship, the vertical coordinate of transverse center of buoyancy and centre of buoyancy；V is to tilt the displacement of volume under Water Plane；
This is an implicit Nonlinear System of Equations, with the Newton solution by iterative method floading condition equations of gradually nonlinear optimization method
Group, midship draft, Angle of Heel and Angle of Trim under Ship ' arbitrarily loading situation；
C, the buoyancy distribution curve of Ship '
The STL models for the ship housing that C1, read step A are established read ship designing department and carried to being STL_A defined in internal memory
" rib is away from table " supplied arrives array FrameDisArr []；
C2, the floading condition calculated according to step B, obtain ship inclination Water Plane, with the plane cutting shell STL where Water Plane
Model STL_A obtains the STL models of underwater portion, is defined as STL_B；
C3, traversal array FrameDisArr [] all elements, if currency is x=FrameDisArr [i], i is array rope
Draw, begun stepping through from 0；The cutting planes cutting underwater shell model STL_B of ship with x excessively and perpendicular to captain direction is established to obtain
To cross section；
C4, the area S using green theorem calculating cross section, using ship rib position as transverse axis, the cross sectional area on each rib position is
Vertical pivot obtains ship buoyance distribution curve；
D, the weight distribution curve of Ship '
Described weight distribution curve includes fixed weight distribution curve and changeable weight distribution curve；Fixed weight is that ship is empty
Canvas, obtained from ship loading handbook；For changeable weight part, " the distribution of weight table " in each cabin, the first row are established
Loading height is classified as the rib bit distribution shared by cabin, first, center section is the body of each rib interdigit of timing of loading height one
Implantation is integrated, loading vertical separation takes 0.02-0.5m；
All cabins of ship are traveled through first, and " distribution of weight table " is highly inquired about according to the current loading in each cabin and linearly inserted
It is worth the volume of distribution of each rib position, so as to calculate " the distribution of weight coefficient " of each rib position, then it is mutually multiplied with loading mass
Changeable weight to each rib position is distributed, and is then added to obtain the gross weight point of current rib position with the fixed weight of each rib position
Cloth, using rib position as transverse axis, weight distribution curve is obtained as vertical pivot using the gross weight of rib position；
E, the load distribution line of Ship '
Under a certain loading condition, description causes curve of the load of hull beam longitudinal bending along captain's distribution situation to be referred to as load
Distribution curve, it is the difference of weight distribution curve and buoyancy distribution curve；
E1, calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the buoyancy of No. i-th rib interdigit：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>B</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;L</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
<mi>&rho;</mi>
</mrow>
Wherein, Δ LiFor rib column pitch；Ai-1, AiFor at i-th -1 and i ribs position soak Sectional Area, by buoyancy distribution curve
Obtain；ρ is density of sea water；
E2, calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the load of No. i-th rib interdigit：
Qi=Wi-Bi
Wherein, BiFor rib interdigit buoyancy；WiFor rib interdigit weight, obtained by weight distribution curve；
F, the shearing distribution curve of Ship '
Calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the shearing of No. i-th rib interdigit：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mi>i</mi>
</mover>
<msub>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>j</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>Q</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
G, the Bending moment distribution curve of Ship '
Calculate the i-th-No. 1 rib position and the moment of flexure of No. i-th rib interdigit：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msub>
<mi>M</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&Delta;L</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
</mfrac>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mi>N</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
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