CN105022034B - The Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar - Google Patents
The Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar, comprise the following steps：(1) randomly generating M length is, obey the vectorial φ of [0 1] distribution1,...,φm,...,φM；(2) initial value for defining m-th of sub- CF signal isAnd solve m-th of sub- CF signal(3) according to m-th of sub- CF signalThe subcarrier weight vector of m-th transmitting antenna of the design with pilotaxitic textureAnd sub- carrier frequency interpolation is carried out successively to M sub- CF signals, obtain sub- carrier frequency sequence U0,...,Um,...,UM‑1, matrix form is written as, sub- carrier frequency matrix U is obtained；(4) discrete Fourier transform is carried out by row to sub- carrier frequency matrix U, obtains time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u, and expanded to the OFDM transmitted waveform matrix v=[v with cyclic prefix1,…,vm,…,vM]；(5) to the OFDM transmitted waveform sequences v of m-th of transmitting antennamSteering D/A conversion is carried out, and upconverts to radar carrier frequency fc, obtain the transmission signal of the centralized MIMO radar of m-th of antenna.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Radar Technology field, and in particular to a kind of optimization of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar
Method for designing.
Background technology
With the development of Radar Technology, the performance of traditional monostatic radar can not meet requirement of the people to radar, because
And multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radar causes researcher's very big interest, the important directions developed as modern radar it
One.Different from traditional monostatic radar, MIMO radar utilizes the transmitting of multiple transmitting antennas multiple orthogonal or close to orthogonal waveform,
The free degree of system can be increased, the resolution ratio of radar is improved, and the flexibility of launching beam Model Design can be increased, improved
Radar tracks the ability of multiple moving targets simultaneously.
In centralized MIMO radar, the Waveform Designs of multiple transmitting antennas is one important and challenging ask
Topic.In general, the transmitted waveform of centralized MIMO radar is in addition to orthogonality to be met, in order to improve emission effciency, also
Meet time domain constant modulus property；In order to improve signal to noise ratio, the transmitted waveform of design needs to meet frequency domain constant modulus property；In order to ensure
High Range Resolution, transmitted signal bandwidth needs to occupy whole system bandwidth.Traditional centralized MIMO radar used when
Domain orthogonal waveforms can not generally fully meet these requirements, and then make it that the performance of follow-up Radar Signal Processing incurs loss.
OFDM (OFDM) waveform has been applied successfully in the communication system of Broadband high-speed data transmission, in recent years
Come, OFDM waveforms are also studied in radar application.The radar for launching OFDM waveforms is realized by launching multiple carrier waves simultaneously
Multi-carrier transmission, with good characteristics such as High Range Resolution, low auto-correlation function secondary lobe and availability of frequency spectrum height.But it is existing
The temporal envelope big rise and fall for the centralized MIMO-OFDM waveforms having, is unsatisfactory for time domain constant modulus property, influence transmission signal is in reality
Application in the engineering of border.
The content of the invention
For the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of transmitting of centralized MIMO radar
The Optimization Design of OFDM waveforms, this method uses for reference communication waveforms design theory and signal of communication treatment technology, ensure that
The transmitted waveform of centralized MIMO radar not only meets orthogonality and High Range Resolution, also meets time domain constant modulus property and most
Big signal-to-noise characteristic.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is achieved using following technical scheme.
The Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of a kind of centralized MIMO radar, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, randomly generating M length isAnd obey [01] equally distributed vectorial φ1,...,φm,...,
φM, wherein, m=1,2 ..., M, M is transmitting antenna number, and N is the sub- carrier frequency number of transmission signal；
Step 2, the initial value of m-th of sub- CF signal is definedDefinition i is iterations, makes iterations
I initial value is 1；Design iteration algorithm, solves m-th of sub- CF signalWherein, I be iteration total degree, m=1,2 ...,
M；
Step 3, first, according to m-th of sub- CF signalThe son of m-th transmitting antenna of the design with pilotaxitic texture
Weights values vector [Um]k,Wherein,For by m-th of sub- CF signalEnter
The signal obtained after M times of interpolation of row, m=1,2 ..., M, k=0,1 ..., N-1,Then, according to friendship
Knit the subcarrier weight vector [U of m-th of transmitting antenna of structurem]k, to m-th of sub- CF signalSub- carrier frequency is carried out to insert
Value, obtains the sub- carrier frequency sequence U that m-th of length is Nm；Finally, sub- carrier frequency interpolation is carried out successively to M sub- CF signals, obtained
The sub- carrier frequency sequence U that M length is N0,...,Um,...,UM-1；
Step 4, by sub- carrier frequency sequence U of the M length for N0,...,Um,...,UM-1Matrix form is written as, sub- carrier frequency is obtained
Matrix U=[U0,...,Um,...,UM-1]T, the dimension of sub- carrier frequency matrix U is N × M, []TRepresenting matrix transposition；Antithetical phrase is carried again
Frequency matrix U carries out discrete Fourier transform by row, obtains time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u=[u0,...,um,...,uM-1]T；
Wherein umFor m-th of time domain discrete baseband signal sequence；
Step 5, time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u is passed through into formulaExpand to carry and follow
OFDM transmitted waveform matrix v, the v=[v of ring prefix1,…,vm,…,vM], its dimension is (N+L) × M, wherein, before L is circulation
The length sewed, vmFor the OFDM transmitted waveform sequences of m-th of transmitting antenna, v (1:L) represent that the OFDM with cyclic prefix launches
L rows, v (L+1 are arrived in the 1st of waveform matrix v:N+L L+1 to the N+L of the OFDM transmitted waveform matrixes v with cyclic prefix) is represented
OK, u (N-L+1:N time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u N-L+1 to N rows) are represented；Again to the OFDM of m-th of transmitting antenna
Transmitted waveform sequence vmSteering D/A conversion is carried out, and upconverts to radar carrier frequency fc, obtain the centralized MIMO radar of m-th of antenna
Transmission signal.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：
First, the present invention is using the transmitting antenna subcarrier weight vector with pilotaxitic texture, to centralized MIMO radar
Transmitting OFDM waveforms optimize design, the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar can not only be made mutually orthogonal, also
So that multiple transmitting OFDM waveforms occupy whole system bandwidth, so as to ensure that High Range Resolution.
Second, the transmitting OFDM waveforms of the centralized MIMO radar of optimization design of the present invention disclosure satisfy that time domain and frequency domain
Constant modulus property, it is hereby achieved that the maximum efficiency and maximum signal to noise ratio of emitter.
Brief description of the drawings
Explanation and embodiment are described in further detail to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c are the time domain bag of the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively
Network figure, abscissa is sampled point, and ordinate is signal amplitude；
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c are the sub- carrier frequency of the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively
Envelope diagram, abscissa is frequency, and ordinate is spectrum amplitude；
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c are the auto-correlation of the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively
Function curve diagram, abscissa shifts for sampling, and ordinate is auto-correlation amplitude；
Fig. 5 a are the cross-correlation function curve map of the transmitted waveform and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 2 of transmitting antenna 1, horizontal seat
Sampling displacement is designated as, ordinate is cross-correlation amplitude；
Fig. 5 b are the cross-correlation function curve map of the transmitted waveform and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 3 of transmitting antenna 1, horizontal seat
Sampling displacement is designated as, ordinate is cross-correlation amplitude；
Fig. 5 c are the cross-correlation function curve map of the transmitted waveform and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 3 of transmitting antenna 2, horizontal seat
Sampling displacement is designated as, ordinate is cross-correlation amplitude.
Embodiment
Reference picture 1, a kind of Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of centralized MIMO radar of the invention, including with
Lower specific steps：
Step 1, randomly generating M length isAnd obey [01] equally distributed vectorial φ1,...,φm,...,
φM, wherein, m=1,2 ..., M, M is transmitting antenna number, and N is the sub- carrier frequency number of transmission signal.
Step 2, the initial value of m-th of sub- CF signal is definedAnd i is defined for iterations, make iteration time
Number i initial value is 1；Design iteration algorithm, solves m-th of sub- CF signalWherein, I be iteration total degree, m=1,
2,…,M。
Iterative algorithm is concretely comprised the following steps：
When 2.1 pairs of iterationses are i, m-th of sub- CF signalCarry outLeaf inverse transformation in point discrete Fourier
(IDFT) m-th of sub- CF signal corresponding time-domain signal when, obtaining iterations for i
2.2 when to extract iterationses be i, the corresponding time-domain signal of m-th of sub- CF signalPhase Wherein, ∠ represents the phase of complex signal, and atan represents to negate tan, and real and imag divide
Real and imaginary part Biao Shi not taken；
2.3 define m-th of constant modulus value time-domain signalAnd to m-th of constant modulus value time-domain signalCarry outLeaf transformation (DFT) in point discrete Fourier, obtains m-th of frequency-region signal
2.4 extract m-th of frequency-region signalPhaseAnd calculating obtains m-th of constant modulus value frequency-region signal
2.5 judge whether iterations i meets i ＜ I, if it is satisfied, then making iterations i increases by 1, return to step 2.1；
If be unsatisfactory for, m-th of sub- CF signal is obtained
Step 3, first, according to m-th of sub- CF signalThe son of m-th transmitting antenna of the design with pilotaxitic texture
Weights values vector [Um]k,Wherein,For by m-th of sub- CF signalEnter
The signal obtained after M times of interpolation of row, m=1,2 ..., M, k=0,1 ..., N-1,Then, according to friendship
Knit the subcarrier weight vector [U of m-th of transmitting antenna of structurem]k, to m-th of sub- CF signalSub- carrier frequency is carried out to insert
Value, obtains the sub- carrier frequency sequence U that m-th of length is Nm；Finally, sub- carrier frequency interpolation is carried out successively to M sub- CF signals, obtained
The sub- carrier frequency sequence U that M length is N0,...,Um,...,UM-1。
Step 4, by sub- carrier frequency sequence U of the M length for N0,...,Um,...,UM-1Matrix form is written as, sub- carrier frequency is obtained
Matrix U=[U0,...,Um,...,UM-1]T, the dimension of sub- carrier frequency matrix U is N × M, []TRepresenting matrix transposition；Antithetical phrase is carried again
Frequency matrix U carries out discrete Fourier transform by row, obtains time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u=[u0,...,um,...,uM-1]T；
Wherein umFor m-th of time domain discrete baseband signal sequence.
Step 5, time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u is passed through into formulaExpand to carry and follow
OFDM transmitted waveform matrix v, the v=[v of ring prefix1,…,vm..., vM], its dimension is (N+L) × M, wherein, before L is circulation
The length sewed, vmFor the OFDM transmitted waveform sequences of m-th of transmitting antenna, v (1:L) represent that the OFDM with cyclic prefix launches
L rows, v (L+1 are arrived in the 1st of waveform matrix v:N+L L+1 to the N+L of the OFDM transmitted waveform matrixes v with cyclic prefix) is represented
OK, u (N-L+1:N time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u N-L+1 to N rows) are represented；Again to the OFDM of m-th of transmitting antenna
Transmitted waveform sequence vmSteering D/A conversion is carried out, and upconverts to radar carrier frequency fc, obtain the centralized MIMO radar of m-th of antenna
Transmission signal.
The effect of the present invention can be described further by following emulation experiment：
1) simulated conditions：
The transmitting antenna number of centralized MIMO radar system is set as M=3, vectorial φmLength be 200, m=1,2,
3, the sub- carrier frequency number of transmission signal is 600, and iteration total degree is 30 times.
2) emulation content：
Emulation 1：Carried out using the temporal envelope of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of the centralized MIMO radar of optimization design of the present invention
Emulation, as a result as shown in Fig. 2 wherein, Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c are transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively
The temporal envelope figure of transmitted waveform；
Emulation 2：Sub- carrier frequency envelope using the transmitting OFDM waveforms of the centralized MIMO radar of optimization design of the present invention enters
Row emulation, as a result as shown in figure 3, being to show clear, only draws the envelope of preceding 20 sub- carrier frequency, wherein, Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c
It is the sub- carrier frequency envelope of the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively；
Emulation 3：Auto-correlation function using the transmitting OFDM waveforms of the centralized MIMO radar of optimization design of the present invention enters
Row emulation, as a result as shown in figure 4, wherein, Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c are transmitting antenna 1, transmitting antenna 2 and transmitting antenna 3 respectively
Transmitted waveform auto-correlation function；
Emulation 4：Cross-correlation function using the transmitting OFDM waveforms of the centralized MIMO radar of optimization design of the present invention enters
Row emulation, as a result as shown in figure 5, wherein, Fig. 5 a are the mutual of transmitted waveform and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 2 of transmitting antenna 1
Correlation function, Fig. 5 b are the cross-correlation functions of the transmitted waveform and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 3 of transmitting antenna 1, and Fig. 5 c are hairs
Penetrate the cross-correlation function of the transmitted waveform of antenna 2 and the transmitted waveform of transmitting antenna 3.
3) analysis of simulation result：
Emulation 1：The centralized MIMO radar of institute's optimization design of the present invention is can be seen that from Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c
It is constant to launch OFDM waveforms to have constant modulus value, i.e. envelope in time domain, enables to emitter to have maximum functional effect
Rate；
Emulation 2：The centralized MIMO radar of institute's optimization design of the present invention is can be seen that from Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c
Launch OFDM waveforms has constant modulus value on frequency domain, and meets frequency-domain-interleaving structure, and then can ensure high Range resolution
Rate, and result in peak signal noise ratio；
Emulation 3：The centralized MIMO radar of institute's optimization design of the present invention is can be seen that from Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b and Fig. 4 c
The secondary lobe for launching the auto-correlation function of OFDM waveforms is very low, illustrates that the transmitted waveform has very low range sidelobe performance；
Emulation 4：The centralized MIMO radar of institute's optimization design of the present invention is can be seen that from Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b and Fig. 5 c
The secondary lobe for launching the cross-correlation function of OFDM waveforms is very low, illustrates the transmitting of the centralized MIMO radar of institute's optimization design of the present invention
OFDM waveforms have good orthogonal performance.
Claims (1)
1. the Optimization Design of the transmitting OFDM waveforms of a kind of centralized MIMO radar, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, randomly generating M length isAnd obey [01] equally distributed vectorial φ1.., φm..., φM, wherein,
M=1,2 ..., M, M are transmitting antenna number, and N is the sub- carrier frequency number of transmission signal；
Step 2, the initial value of m-th of sub- CF signal is definedDefinition i be iterations, make iterations i just
It is worth for 1；Design iteration algorithm, solves m-th of sub- CF signalWherein, I is iteration total degree, m=1,2 ..., M；
Wherein, iterative algorithm described in step 2 is concretely comprised the following steps：
When 2.1 pairs of iterationses are i, m-th of sub- CF signalCarry outLeaf inverse transformation in point discrete Fourier, obtains iteration time
M-th of sub- CF signal corresponding time-domain signal when number is i
2.2 when to extract iterationses be i, the corresponding time-domain signal of m-th of sub- CF signalPhase Wherein, ∠ represents the phase of complex signal, and atan represents to negate tan, real and imag difference
Expression takes real and imaginary part；
2.3 define m-th of constant modulus value time-domain signalAnd to m-th of constant modulus value time-domain signalCarry outLeaf transformation in point discrete Fourier, obtains m-th of frequency-region signal
2.4 extract m-th of frequency-region signalPhaseAnd calculating obtains m-th of constant modulus value frequency-region signal
2.5 judge whether iterations i meets i ＜ I, if it is satisfied, then making iterations i increases by 1, return to step 2.1；If
It is unsatisfactory for, then obtains m-th of sub- CF signal
Step 3, first, according to m-th of sub- CF signalThe subcarrier of m-th transmitting antenna of the design with pilotaxitic texture
Weight vector [Um]k,Wherein,For by m-th of sub- CF signalM times is carried out to insert
The signal obtained after value, m=1,2 ..., M, k=0,1 ..., N-1,Then, according to pilotaxitic texture
Subcarrier weight vector [the U of m-th of transmitting antennam]k, to m-th of sub- CF signalSub- carrier frequency interpolation is carried out, m is obtained
Individual length is N carrier frequency sequence Um；Finally, sub- carrier frequency interpolation is carried out successively to M sub- CF signals, obtains M length for N
Sub- carrier frequency sequence U0..., Um..., UM-1；
Step 4, by sub- carrier frequency sequence U of the M length for N0..., Um..., UM-1Matrix form is written as, sub- carrier frequency matrix is obtained
U=[U0..., Um..., UM-1]T, the dimension of sub- carrier frequency matrix U is N × M, []TRepresenting matrix transposition；Again to sub- carrier frequency square
Battle array U carries out discrete Fourier transform by row, obtains time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u=[u0..., um..., uM-1]T；Wherein
umFor m-th of time domain discrete baseband signal sequence；
Step 5, time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u is passed through into formulaExpand to before circulation
OFDM transmitted waveform matrix v, the v=[v sewed1..., vm..., vM], its dimension is (N+L) × M, wherein, L is cyclic prefix
Length, vmFor the OFDM transmitted waveform sequences of m-th of transmitting antenna, v (1：L the OFDM transmitted waveforms with cyclic prefix) are represented
L rows, v (L+1 are arrived in the 1st of matrix v：N+L L+1 to the N+L rows of the OFDM transmitted waveform matrixes v with cyclic prefix, u) are represented
(N-L+1：N time domain discrete baseband signal matrix u N-L+1 to N rows) are represented；The OFDM of m-th of transmitting antenna is launched again
Wave sequence vmSteering D/A conversion is carried out, and upconverts to radar carrier frequency fc, obtain the hair of the centralized MIMO radar of m-th of antenna
Penetrate signal.
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| CN106054140B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2018-05-18 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of design method for the Continuous Phase Modulation waveform that there is spectrum to constrain |
| US10700907B2 (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2020-06-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Waveform for millimeter wave new radio |
| CN109507664B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-05-22 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Compressed sensing MIMO radar cognitive waveform obtaining method and device |
| CN112068081B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-07-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | OFDM frequency agile transmitting signal design method based on cyclic prefix |
| CN112540351B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Radar anti-shielding interference waveform design method |
| CN115733523A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Transmission method, device, equipment and computer storage medium |
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