CN1050147A - Gravity concentrator - Google Patents
Gravity concentrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1050147A CN1050147A CN 89107107 CN89107107A CN1050147A CN 1050147 A CN1050147 A CN 1050147A CN 89107107 CN89107107 CN 89107107 CN 89107107 A CN89107107 A CN 89107107A CN 1050147 A CN1050147 A CN 1050147A
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- housing
- rapidoprint
- gravity concentrator
- input pipe
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Abstract
Gravity concentrator has the housing (1) that is obliquely installed, housing has rapidoprint input pipe (3), this pipe is arranged on the lower end of housing (1) along housing (1) longitudinal axis (2), and between housing (1) and pipe (3), form gap (8), housing also has separating medium input tube (4), heavy composition efferent duct (5) and light composition efferent duct (6), pipe (4) and pipe (5) are communicated with gap (8), and pipe (6) is positioned at the upper end of housing (1).Gravity concentrator of the present invention can improve separating effect.
Description
The present invention relates to the method for separating, more particularly, relate to gravity concentrator with the method, particularly water of fluid separation applications some solid material.
The present invention can be in order to separate the particle of different densities or granularity in mining industry, chemical industry and the petroleum industry of need sorting particle.
Because the exhausted problem of mineral deposit and ore deposit sand so require to handle to satisfy human daily demand to metal more and more measuring big mineral, particularly satisfies the daily demand to the growing heavy metal of demands such as gold, platinum, tungsten, lead.
Because to the growing requirement in ecological aspect and the lasting rise in price of electric energy, the method for raw mineral materials being carried out preliminary enrichment obviously is exactly the meaning of particular importance, in this respect, the gravity concentration method is impayable.
In known gravity concentration device, widely have jigging machine, concentrator table and the spiral of Ying Yonging stays groove.A productive rate of all these devices is all very low, and preceding two kinds of devices also need consume a lot of power and water energy.
Therefore, present problem is that to formulate be novel gravity concentrator in principle, so that consume the least possible power and water energy under the condition of efficient separating mineral particle.
The principle of most of industrialness devices is based on: the granular rapidoprint of different quality has different movement velocitys in water one class I liquid I.Meanwhile, also should make rapidoprint be subjected to various disturbance, as the vibration in Different Plane, fluctuation etc.
This disturbance that is added in shorter section partly on the rapidoprint that constantly flows can be isolated bigger particle (big goldc grains, bismuth mineral grain, tungsten ore grain) effectively, thereby becomes to attach most importance to composition.But the granule in the 5-1000 mu m range, wherein, particularly thin (5-40 μ m) particle can not selectedly enter in the heavy composition, thereby become light composition.The selected problem of these subparticles generally all also fails to solve in the refiner of existing structure just.
U.S. A, No. 4157951 the disclosed gravity concentrator of patent has hollow housing, and housing vertically is provided with, and the separating medium input tube that is positioned at the housing lower end is housed, be positioned at the separating medium of housing upper end and the efferent duct of light composition, and the heavy composition efferent duct that is positioned at the housing lower end.
Rapidoprint adds gravity concentrator with separating medium.In housing, by means of the separating medium of input, make rapidoprint flow upward to the efferent duct of light composition from separating medium input tube, light composition is upwards transported by the rapidoprint that flows and by light composition efferent duct output.The higher heavy composition of proportion then focuses on lower part of frame and exports by heavy composition efferent duct.
This known gravity concentrator is applicable to the separation of classified need enrichment material.Only form the rising laminar flow of rapidoprint in the housing of gravity concentrator, this can not make heavy composition change suspended state over to.Therefore, be difficult to become high-quality refiner.Owing to fail to utilize the particle of rapidoprint and the friction effect of shell inner surface in the known refiner, also from gravity concentrator, to have arranged and gone out so upwards mobile rapidoprint will weigh fine grained in the composition, this has just reduced the separating effect of need enrichment materials.
U.S. A, No. 2003756 the disclosed another kind of gravity concentrator of patent has tilting hollow barrel-type housing, and the separation dividing plate is housed in housing, makes housing be divided into two spaces that are communicated with by pipe, pipe is contained in the dividing plate, and is axial arranged with respect to the housing longitudinal axis.In the housing upper end rapidoprint input pipe is housed, heavy composition efferent duct is housed in the housing lower end.The input pipe and the light composition efferent duct of the separating medium of tangential setting are housed on housing in addition, in addition.
In this known gravity concentrator, all rapidoprints are suspended state in turbulent flow, and this can not guarantee that heavy composition separates with gently the composition particle is high-quality.
Schedule to last nearest Britain A apart from the application, No. 2164589 disclosed gravity concentrators of patent have the tilting microscler hollow housing in order to the processing material, and housing has light composition and heavy composition efferent duct separately in rapidoprint input pipe, separating medium input tube and the rapidoprint.
This known refiner has the turbulent region of plurality of continuous, in order to separate heavy composition and light composition.Fine grained weighs the fine grained in the composition because the action of turbulent flow of height has little time to shift to the bottom of gravity concentrator, thereby is drained with light composition.This just can not obtain and separate the required best fluid dynamic state of material weight composition for the treatment of enrichment, also just can not make flowing of rapidoprint be changed over to laminar flow gradually and be had nearly wall effect by local turbulent flow.
Task of the present invention is to formulate a kind of gravity concentrator, desirablely must separate the required best fluid dynamic state of material weight composition for the treatment of enrichment, just make flowing of rapidoprint change laminar flow over to gradually and have nearly wall effect, thereby improve the effect that weighs particle and light grains in the very wide mineral of partition size distribution from the turbulent flow of part.
For solving this task, gravity concentrator should have the tilting microscler hollow housing in order to the processing material, housing has light composition and heavy composition efferent duct separately in rapidoprint input pipe, separating medium input tube and the rapidoprint, by the present invention, the rapidoprint input pipe is contained in the lower end of housing along the housing longitudinal axis, stretch at least in part in the housing and between its outer surface and shell inner surface, form a gap, this gap is connected with separating medium input tube and the heavy composition efferent duct of rapidoprint, and the light composition efferent duct of rapidoprint then is contained in the upper end of housing.
Particle for different densities and granularity in the separation rapidoprint preferably makes the rapidoprint input pipe move along the housing longitudinal axis.
At least can make the rapidoprint input pipe stretch into the ratio of the length of housing parts and housing section girth in 0.5 to 5 scope.
The ratio of section girth that also can make rapidoprint input pipe and housing is in 0.1 to 0.9 scope.
The ratio that preferably makes the length of housing and section girth is in 5 to 30 scope.
Preferably make shell inner surface have the groove line.
Preferably make the input pipe outer surface of rapidoprint have the groove line.
Can make the cross section of the input pipe of housing and rapidoprint have identical geometry.
Also can make the cross section of the input pipe of housing and rapidoprint have different geometries.
Preferably housing is made tubular.
Preferably the cross section of housing is made rectangle.
The inclination angle that preferably makes housing longitudinal axis and horizontal plane is between 30 to 60 °.
Can be made into compact modular appliance when using this gravity concentrator, very wide by the mineral grain between 5 to the 1000 μ m in order to continuous particle concentration distribution, meanwhile, the density of rapidoprint can change in 2 to 60 very wide scope.The selected Du Keda 60 of particle in a gravity concentrator.This gravity concentrator does not pollute the environment when work, consumes the water yield and seldom can reuse.Electric energy without electric energy or consumption minute quantity.It is 1 * 10 that rapidoprint is imported the required pressure of gravity concentrator housing
4To 3 * 10
4Pa.
Now describe as follows to specific embodiment of the present invention and accompanying drawing thereof:
Fig. 1 is the profilograph of gravity concentrator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the II-II profile among Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is A district enlarged drawing among Fig. 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is B district enlarged drawing among Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Gravity concentrator has the zone axis 2 of hollow elongated and tilting housing 1(Fig. 1), with respect to the horizontal plane included angle is γ.Included angle γ can select between 30 to 60 °.Housing 1 is equipped with rapidoprint input pipe 3, separating medium input tube 4 and the heavy composition efferent duct 5 that is arranged on housing 1 lower end along longitudinal axis 2.
Gravity concentrator also is equipped with the light composition efferent duct 6 that is arranged on housing 1 upper end.
The direction of pressing arrow α is by pipe 3 input rapidoprints 7.The input pipe 3 of rapidoprint stretches into housing 1 at least in part and form gap 8 between the inner surface of its outer surface and housing 1.Separating medium input tube 4 and heavy composition efferent duct 5 are communicated with gap 8.
By managing 4 separating medium imported gap 8 by the direction of arrow L.The direction of pressing arrow β is by the heavy composition 9 of pipe 5 outputs.Direction by arrow theta is exported light composition 10 by pipe 6.
Figure 2 shows that II among Fig. 1-II section.In this specific embodiment, gravity concentrator housing 1 is tubular, and gap 8 ringwise.
Inner surface 11(Fig. 3 of housing 1) can have the groove line, to increase its roughness, so that will weigh the composition detention in nearly parietal layer.
Outer surface 12(Fig. 4 of pipe 3) also can have the groove line to increase its roughness, so that with in the nearly parietal layer of heavy composition detention in gap 8.
The course of work of gravity concentrator is as follows.
Will be as rapidoprint 7(Fig. 1) mineral and fluid mix by rapidoprint input pipe 3 input housings 1.The separating medium of water-class is imported gaps 8 by pipe 4, and it is mixed with rapidoprint 7.Meanwhile, because the character of rapidoprint 7 is inhomogeneous, when mixing with water, it in flow process, produces turbulent vortex.Institute's mixture that obtains causes rapidoprint 7 endocorpuscular separation simultaneously owing to turbulent vortex is suspended state.The heavy particle of deposition constitutes heavy composition 9, utilizes by managing 4 partially liqs that enter gravity concentrator housing 1 as carrying liquid stream, draws off through managing 5.Light grains in the rapidoprint 7, promptly light composition 10 is mixed in the mobile rapidoprint 7, thereupon upwards flowing under restricted state along inclined casing 1 and entering light composition efferent duct 6.Along in inclination housing 1 process of flowing,, form the assorting room of rapidoprint under frictional force, extruding force and the effect at rapidoprint 7 by the mobile suffered resistance of mineral grain in the caused rapidoprint of rapidoprint viscosity at gravity.When the heaviest particle 9 was dropped in the nearly parietal layer under the gravity effect in the rapidoprint 7, the flow direction against rapidoprint 7 in housing 1 moved.Nearly parietal layer is owing to the rapidoprint and the housing 1 inner surface friction of flowing form.Because the inner surface of housing 1, the local turbulent flow that outer surface, current caused of rapidoprint input pipe 3 are separated the heavy particle 9 of motion in the nearly parietal layer, after heavy particle 9 is dropped in the gap 8, mix with current, because the caused local turbulent flow of the heterogeneity of rapidoprint is further separated heavy particle 9 when mixing with water.
Because inner surface 11(Fig. 3 that housing 1 is coarse) and the coarse outer surface 12(Fig. 4 of pipe 3) and formed local turbulent flow the heavy composition 9 in the rapidoprint is separated, and with light grains 10 disengagings that adhere to.Local turbulent flow during rapidoprint 7 flows makes particle 9 and 10 reorientations that wherein flow, and produces centripetal acceleration simultaneously, makes particle 9 and 10 initial gross separations.Heavy particle 9 and light grains 10 at last in the rapidoprint that flows is in transition region between laminar condition and the turbulent condition by density and particle size separation.
Therefore, the gravity concentrator of being recommended can make mobile rapidoprint carry out the transition to the laminar condition with nearly wall effect gradually from local turbulent condition, thereby forms the best fluid dynamic state that needs the enrichment material composition of isolating.This for effectively from mineral with very wide size distribution separating heavy particles and light grains created condition.
The length of rapidoprint input pipe 3 in housing 1 equals 0.5 to 5 times of housing 1 section girth, and this can form the rapidoprint 7 best turbulent region in flowing, thereby carries out the transition to laminar condition.If manage this length of 3 less than 0.5 times of the section girth of housing 1 can dwindle rapidoprint in flowing the turbulent region and corresponding deterioration is separated into rapidoprint the condition of heavy composition 9 and light composition 10.If manage this length of 35 times, can shorten in the rapidoprint 7 the friction distance of fine grained and housing 1 inner surface, thereby reduce to make it be separated in the heavy composition 9 and the possibility of downstream line 5 greater than housing 1 section girth.
The ratio of the section girth of rapidoprint input pipe 3 and housing 1 is in 0.1 to 0.9 scope.Adopt this ratio can obtain rapidoprint 7 and flow middle best turbulent flow and carry out the transition to laminar flow gradually, thereby form the optimum condition that light composition is separated from heavy composition 9.If this ratio, can increase the distance that makes mineral grain arrive the nearly parietal layer of housing 1 from the rapidoprint 7 that flows less than 0.1.This ratio can dwindle the turbulent region simultaneously less than 0.1 and worsen separation condition, causes light composition 10 to draw off with heavy composition 9.
If this ratio greater than 0.9, can strengthen the turbulent region, even replaced the laminar region fully, this also can worsen the condition that rapidoprint is separated into heavy composition 9 and light composition 10.The cross section of housing 1 can adopt various geometry, as circular, oval, rectangle, the character that this depends on rapidoprint has the housing 1 that the rapidoprint that flocculates and condense tendency requires to adopt circle or elliptic cross-section, to dwindle local turbulent region.Do not have the rapidoprint that flocculates and condense tendency and require to adopt the housing 1 of square-section, to strengthen the turbulent region and to carry out the transition to laminar condition gradually.
For flocculation being arranged and the rapidoprint of tendency that condenses, housing 1 can adopt the identical cross section of shape with rapidoprint input pipe 3, thereby dwindles local turbulent region.
For not having flocculation and the rapidoprint of tendency that condenses, housing 1 adopts the different cross section of geometry comparatively reasonable with rapidoprint input pipe 3, thereby strengthens the cross section of turbulent region, and carries out the transition to laminar condition along cross section and length, makes heavy composition break away from light composition.
The ratio of the length of housing 1 and its section girth is in 5～30 scopes.Adopt this ratio can obtain the size of the nearly parietal layer of optimal process material 7, and make the turbulent condition of rapidoprint carry out the transition to laminar condition gradually, thereby heavy composition 9 is separated in the nearly parietal layer the most up hill and dale, draw off this composition by managing 5 again.
If housing 1 length can be dwindled nearly parietal layer less than 5 times of its girth, shorten the friction stroke of rapidoprint 7 and housing 1 wall portion, thereby worsen separation condition, reduce the possibility that mineral grain is dropped into housing 1 nearly parietal layer.In addition, the length that shortens housing 1 can be dwindled the transition region of rapidoprint from the turbulent condition to the laminar condition.The length of housing 1 is greater than 30 times of its girth further particles in the parting material.In fact increase to for the formation that just stopped local turbulent region before 30 times of its girths with to the transition of laminar condition in shell length, isolate heavy composition 9 and light composition 10 in also just can't from then on distinguishing.
The inclination angle of housing can be selected between 30 to 60 °.
The inclination angle that makes housing 1 longitudinal axis 2 can reduce heavy composition mineral grain influent stream less than 30 ° and advance the speed of nearly parietal layer, even is reduced to null value speed.
The inclination angle that should not make housing 1 longitudinal axis 2 is greater than 60 °, and this can reduce the heavy particle of mineral is dropped into the nearly parietal layer of the rapidoprint that flows in housing possibility.The comparatively ideal inclination angle of housing is 30 to 60 °, can obtain the maximum movement speed of the heavy particle of nearly parietal layer mineral in this case, thereby obtains the maximum likelihood that makes the heavy particle of these mineral drop into nearly parietal layer the whole rapidoprint in housing.
Example:
For determining the comparatively ideal parameter of gravity concentrator, made this refiner of several specifications, the length that has wherein adopted the ratio of with respect to the horizontal plane inclination angle of different gravity concentrator longitudinal axis, different rapidoprint input pipe girth and housing girth, different shell length and different rapidoprint input pipes to stretch into housing.Now list various data in table 1.
Like this, thus the present invention can obtain to the desired perfect fluid dynamic regime of the material composition that separate to need enrichment and improves the effect of enrichment.
Table 1
| The parameter name of various gravity concentrator | Parameter value | Heavily become component % | The useful part % that extracts in the heavy composition | Productivity ratio m 2/ h | Water consumption m 2/ h |
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| The gravity concentrator shell length, (with housing section girth evaluation), (when gravity concentrator housing longitudinal axis inclination angle γ=45 °) | 37 13 17 27 33 | Mean value is 93.27 | 64.07 67.11 68.12 67.95 67.91 68.01 | 120 120 120 120 120 120 | 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 |
| Gravity concentrator housing longitudinal axis angle of inclination. | 40 50 60 70 90 | Mean value is 92.96 | 67.89 67.23 65.11 63.78 51.14 | 120 110 100 80 20 | 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 |
| The rapidoprint input pipe stretches into the length (with housing section girth evaluation) of housing | 0.3 0.7 357 | Mean value is 93.51 | 51.60 59.71 67.37 67.41 67.25 67.29 | 120 120 120 120 120 120 | 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 |
| The area of section in gap between rapidoprint input pipe outer surface and the shell inner surface (to account for the % evaluation of housing cross-sectional area) | 15 10 20 50 | Mean value is 93.07 | 49.14 67.31 67.10 66.87 66.14 | 120 120 120 120 120 | 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 10.5 |
Claims (19)
1, gravity concentrator, has tilting microscler hollow housing (1), in order to the rapidoprint of packing into (7), housing has rapidoprint input pipe (3), separating medium input tube (4), the light composition efferent duct (6) of rapidoprint and the heavy composition efferent duct (5) of rapidoprint, the feature of refiner is: rapidoprint input pipe (3) is arranged at the lower end of housing (1) along housing longitudinal axis (2), stretch into housing (1) at least in part, thereby between the inner surface of its outer surface and housing (1), form space (8), this space (8) is communicated with the heavy composition efferent duct (5) of separating medium input tube (4) and rapidoprint, and the light composition efferent duct (6) of rapidoprint is arranged at the upper end of housing (1).
2, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: for separation has the rapidoprint (7) of different densities and granularity particle, described rapidoprint input pipe (3) can move along the longitudinal axis (2) of described housing (1).
3, claim 1 or 2 described gravity concentrators, it is characterized in that: described rapidoprint input pipe (3) stretches into housing (1) at least in part, and this length that stretches into part is in 0.5 to 5 times scope of described housing (1) section girth.
4, claim 1 or 2 described gravity concentrators is characterized in that: the ratio of the section girth of described rapidoprint input pipe (3) and described housing (1) is in 0.1 to 0.9 scope.
5, claim 1 or 2 described gravity concentrators is characterized in that: the length of described housing (1) and the ratio of its section girth are in 5 to 30 scope.
6, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: the inner surface of described housing (1) has the groove line.
7, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer surface of described rapidoprint input pipe (3) has the groove line.
8, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: described housing (1) is identical with the geometry of the cross section of described rapidoprint input pipe (3).
9, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: described housing (1) is inequality with the geometry of the cross section of described rapidoprint input pipe (3).
10, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: described housing (1) is cylindrical.
11, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: the cross section of described housing (1) is rectangular.
12, the described gravity concentrator of claim 1 is characterized in that: longitudinal axis (2) inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of described housing (1) is 30 to 60 °.
13, the described gravity concentrator of claim 2 is characterized in that: longitudinal axis (2) inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of described housing (1) is 30 to 60 °.
14, the described gravity concentrator of claim 3 is characterized in that: the ratio of the section girth of described rapidoprint input pipe (3) and housing (1) is in 0.1 to 0.9 scope.
15, the described gravity concentrator of claim 3 is characterized in that: the ratio of described housing (1) length and its section girth is in 5 to 30 scope.
16, the described gravity concentrator of claim 3 is characterized in that: longitudinal axis (2) inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of described housing (1) is 30 to 60 °.
17, the described gravity concentrator of claim 4 is characterized in that: the length of described housing (1) and the ratio of its section girth are in 5 to 30 scope.
18, the described gravity concentrator of claim 4 is characterized in that: longitudinal axis (2) inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of described housing (1) is 30 to 60 °.
19, the described gravity concentrator of claim 5 is characterized in that: described housing (1) longitudinal axis (2) inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is 30 to 60 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89107107 CN1050147A (en) | 1989-09-15 | 1989-09-15 | Gravity concentrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89107107 CN1050147A (en) | 1989-09-15 | 1989-09-15 | Gravity concentrator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1050147A true CN1050147A (en) | 1991-03-27 |
Family
ID=4857052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 89107107 Pending CN1050147A (en) | 1989-09-15 | 1989-09-15 | Gravity concentrator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1050147A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011054296A1 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-12 | Cofco Limited | Sand sedimentation tank, sand separator, and method for separating mixture of solid particles |
| CN103301928A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Liquid-solid fluidization sorting system |
| CN104258984A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-07 | 云南天地行节能科技有限公司 | Process for improving concentrate grade through gravity-flowing reselection |
-
1989
- 1989-09-15 CN CN 89107107 patent/CN1050147A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011054296A1 (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-12 | Cofco Limited | Sand sedimentation tank, sand separator, and method for separating mixture of solid particles |
| CN103301928A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Liquid-solid fluidization sorting system |
| CN104258984A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-07 | 云南天地行节能科技有限公司 | Process for improving concentrate grade through gravity-flowing reselection |
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