CN1050146A - Apparatus for grinding of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of apparatus for grinding of loose materials, it has shell 1, and feed hopper 7 and at least two mills 4,5, mill are contained on the same axle, the middle working space 8 that forms, mill can reverse rotation.Many annular concentric roll flutes 9,10 are arranged on the surface 6,7 of mill 4,5, many radially grooves 13,14 are arranged on the roll flute, the groove sidewall slope is in the surface 6,7 of mill 4,5.During the mill rotation, a kind of working angles with slip grinds material granule.

This device is suitable for grinding the oil-containing seed most, as rapeseed, and seabuckthorn seeds, mustard seeds etc.

Description

Apparatus for grinding of loose materials

The present invention relates to the material grinding mechanism, specifically, is apparatus for grinding of loose materials.

The present invention is applicable to grain processing, mixed feed and food industry, in addition, also can be used for mining, chemical industry and building industry.

The present invention is best suited for and grinds oil crops, as rapeseed, seabuckthorn seeds, mustard seed etc.

Known a kind of apparatus for grinding of loose materials, it has a shell as seed grinding mechanism (German Democratic Republic national food processing industry science and technology economic center), and a feed hopper is arranged on the shell, and two mills are arranged in the shell.Mill is overlapping to be installed on the same axis, the middle working space that forms.This working space is communicated with feed hopper.Two mills can reverse rotation.The tooth that hits that many projections are arranged on two mill apparent surfaces hits tooth and with the rotating shaft is arranging along concentric circles of the center of circle, can make each row on the mill hit tooth and be inserted in that each row hits between the tooth on another mill.The granule materials attrition process of this device is to realize by material particles and the bump out of order that hits tooth and shell wall on the mill that is rotating.Therefore, the device of this structure can not guarantee to obtain the finished product of given granularity.In addition, this method that grinds granule materials also can produce powder product (accounting for more than 20% of granular materials charging total amount).Powder product can enter ambient air and make it to pollute under centrifugal action.

Also has a kind of known apparatus for grinding of loose materials (SU, A, 1196025 it a shell is arranged, feed hopper is arranged on the shell, have two mills in the shell at least, mill is overlapping to be contained on the same axis, forms working space between every pair of mill, and working space is communicated with each adjacent mill and can rotates in opposite directions with feed hopper.The concentric double ring roll flute is arranged on the adjacently situated surfaces between the mill, and roll flute radially has groove.Roll flute is in the lip-deep distribution of mill, a roll flute on the mill inserted between the roll flute on another mill, and form certain interval between mill.Cell wall is perpendicular to the mill plane, and the finished product granularity depends on the gap length between the annular concentric roll flute.Entered the gap by ground material, gap size should be less than the granularity of granule materials.

The principle that this kind device grinds is to utilize the particle of the edge impact cutting raw material of cell wall.Impact cutting process energy consumes higher.When the granule materials that is ground contains liquid, produce extruding in the time of owing to impact cutting to material particles, the liquid in the material to be extruded, the inflow device inner chamber is with its pollution.For example, oil-containing seeds such as rapeseed, seabuckthorn seeds, mustard seed promptly belong to this class material.

Task of the present invention provides a kind of apparatus for grinding of loose materials, and its mill structure should guarantee to obtain being essentially the finished product of designated size, gets rid of the possibility of extruding liquid in attrition process from material particles, cuts down the consumption of energy simultaneously.

The method that solves this task is: apparatus for grinding of loose materials has a shell, one feed hopper is arranged on the shell, have two mills in the shell at least, mill is overlapping to be contained on the same axis, form workplace between every pair of mill, working space is communicated with feed hopper, the reverse rotation of two mills energy, many annular concentric roll flutes are arranged on the adjacently situated surfaces of mill, many radially grooves are arranged on the roll flute, roll flute can make a roll flute on the mill insert between the roll flute of another mill and form certain interval between roll flute at the distributing position on the mill, according to the present invention, has the surface tilt of a roll flute groove sidewall on the mill to this mill in every pair of mill at least.

In order more effectively to grind granule materials, the roll flute groove sidewall on all mills all should be to the surface tilt of mill separately, and the roll flute incline direction in the both sides, gap should be opposite simultaneously.

If granule materials is a seed, the inclined angle alpha of groove sidewall is preferably between 60 ° to 80 °.

Apparatus for grinding of loose materials provided by the invention has following advantage: owing to have a roll flute groove sidewall on the mill at least to this mill surface tilt in every pair of mill, when mill rotates, these cell wall edges just form the shearing pair of " cutting " formula, can make material granule when being sheared, produce slip, thereby avoided extruding and extruded liquid, for example, expressed oil comes from rapeseed, seabuckthorn seeds, mustard seed.

This design feature consumption of energy of this device is low greatly gives known apparatus for grinding of loose materials, and its finished product reaches given granularity basically.

Below the present invention is described further by specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, but the invention is not restricted to these embodiment.

Fig. 1 is that apparatus for grinding of loose materials of the present invention is always schemed, and comprises front view and part section face.

Fig. 2 is the II-II section among Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 be among Fig. 2 A to the mill zoomed-in view.

Apparatus for grinding of loose materials shown in Fig. 1,2,3 has a cylindrical housing 1, feed hopper 2 and discharge nozzle 3.Have two mills in the shell 1 at least, in the present embodiment, with two mills 4,5, one on the other, can be around the vertical axis reverse rotation.The surface 6 of mill 4 is adjacent with the surface 7 of mill 5, forms working space 8.On the surface 7 of the surface 6 of mill 4 and mill 5 many annular concentric roll flutes 9 and 10 are housed respectively, the roll flute 9 of mill 4 can insert between the roll flute 10 of mill 5, forms gap 11.In the present embodiment, annular concentric roll flute 9 and 10 is dismountable, is connected with 5 with mill 4 with double end fly bolt 12.Many radially grooves 13 and 14 on annular concentric roll flute 9 and 10, have been done respectively.Roll flute 9 and 10 cross section are isosceles trapezoid, and the base of its broad lays respectively on the surface 6 and 7 of mill 4 and 5.

Lower millstone 5 is fixed on the bead 15 of hollow shaft 16, and hollow shaft is installed in the bearing 17, and bearing outer ring is fixed in the housing 1.The detachable method of attachment of upper millstone 4, as be threaded (not showing among Fig. 1) be fixed on axle 19 the bead 18.Adopting detachable connection is the size of regulating gap 11 for the degree that need grind according to granule materials, and the gap is regulated with dismountable adjusting pad 20, and pad is placed between the bead 18 of mill 4 and axle 19.Axle 19 is contained in the bearing 21, and bearing outer ring is fixed on hollow shaft 16 inwalls.Like this, but just reverse rotation of axle 16 and 19.Axle 19 tops are made hollow, and its cavity 22 is communicated with feed hopper 2, also be communicated with working space 8, and perforate 23 on axle 19 walls therefrom.

Annular concentric roll flute 9 and 10 groove 13 and 14 sidewall 24 and 25 are respectively to mill 4 and 5 surface tilt.Wall 24 incline directions of the groove 13 of the concentric ring tooth 9 of upper millstone 4 are opposite with the incline direction of the wall 25 of the groove 14 of the tooth 10 of lower millstone 5.Cell wall 24 and 25 edge 26 and 27 form scissors and shear secondary when mill 4 and 5 opposite spins.The friction that cell wall 24 and 25 inclined angle alpha produce when interacting according to material particles and cutting edge 26,27 is selected.For example, for rapeseed, seabuckthorn seeds, mustard seed etc., the inclination angle can be selected for use between 80 ° at 60 °.

Greater than 80 °, then can not produce the slip shear history as inclined angle alpha, grind by impact cutting seed (the seed each several part is shifted relatively) and realize, produce extruding, compression simultaneously, thereby increase energy consumption and explode vegetable oil, flow into working chamber 8.

Less than 60 °, then seed slips over along cutting edge 26 and 27, and shear history does not take place as inclined angle alpha, and the result is still the impact cutting process to raw material.

Among the apparatus for grinding of loose materials embodiment among Fig. 1,2,3, the wall of the groove 13,14 of the roll flute 9,10 of mill 4,5 is all to the surface tilt of corresponding mill 4,5 but the present invention also can have such embodiment (not shown), the inclined angle alpha on cell wall on one of them mill and mill surface ≠ 90 °, the cell wall on another mill is then perpendicular to the mill surface.

Device operation principle among Fig. 1,2,3 is as follows:

Start transmission device,, drive axle 16 and 19 reverse rotations, rotatablely move thereby upper millstone 4 and lower millstone 5 are produced as the motor (not shown).Granule materials (rapeseed, not shown in the figures) is packed into behind the feed hopper 2, is entering working space 8 by the hole 23 on hollow shaft 19 walls under the centrifugal action then entering axle 19 inner chambers 22 under the gravity effect.Granule materials continues to enter gap 11 by the radially groove 13,14 on the concentric ring tooth 9,10 of upper and lower mill 4,5 under centrifugal action, and the shearing of sliding by band on the cutting edge 26,27 of first pair of roll flute 9 and 10 grinds.Granule materials continues radially that groove 13 and 14 pivots from mill 4,5 move towards periphery then, is ground on the cutting edge 26,27 of cutting pair afterwards simultaneously.Then, finished product is pushed the end wall of shell 1 to, pushes discharge nozzle 3 again to.In order to regulate the granularity that granule materials grinds, promptly change the size in gap 11, use removable adjusting pad 20.The bead 18 of axle 19 was taken apart with detachable connection the between the mill 4, put into the adjusting pad 20 of required thickness, and then the bead 18 of axle 19 is coupled together with mill 4.

In the groove sidewall slope of roll flute gap one side in the mill surface, and among the embodiment of groove sidewall perpendicular to the mill surface of opposite side, the operation principle of device also as mentioned above, the groove sidewall edge that is the both sides, gap is formed scissors shearing pair equally, can be to the shearing of the particle of ground material with slip, avoiding pushing then the squeeze out degree of liquid adopts the advantage of the device of this roll flute groove to be: the amount of labour of making perpendicular to the groove sidewall on mill surface is less than the amount of labour of making sloped sidewall, this embodiment makes easy, and expense is lower.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of apparatus for grinding of loose materials, it has shell 1, feed hopper 2, have two mills 4 in the shell 1 at least, 5, mill is overlapping to be contained on the same axis, every pair of mill 4, form working space 8 between 5, working space is communicated with feed hopper 2, mill 4,5 energy reverse rotations, and at adjacently situated surfaces 6, many annular concentric roll flutes 9 are arranged on 7,10, many radially grooves 13 are arranged on the roll flute, 14, mill surface 4, the distributing position of roll flute can make the roll flute 9 of a mill 4 insert between the roll flute 10 of another mill 5 on 5, at roll flute 9, form gap 11 between 10, it is characterized by every pair of mill 4, the groove 13 that has a roll flute 9 on the mill in 5 at least, 14 sidewall 24,25 favour the surface 6 of this mill 4.

2, the described device of claim 1 is characterized by, and all the sidewall 24,25 of the groove 13,14 of the roll flute 9,10 of mill 4,5 favours the surface 6,7 of mill 4,5 separately, and simultaneously, the incline direction of gap 11 both sides roll flutes, 9,10 sidewalls is opposite.

3, claim 1,2 described devices is characterized by, and the inclined angle alpha of the sidewall 24,25 of groove 13,14 is between 60 ° to 80 °.