CN105013350B - A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylfiber fiber film - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of super-hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylfiber fiber film Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229940058401 polytetrafluoroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- -1 poly tetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Sintered the invention provides a kind of preparation method of poly tetrafluoroethylene, including into fine carrier system fibre, it is characterised in that：Sintering under flowing atmosphere, is incubated 30~120min at 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, 260 DEG C~300 DEG C is warming up to from 90 DEG C~120 DEG C with 3~10 DEG C/min speed, 30~120min is incubated at 260 DEG C~300 DEG C using temperature programmed control zonal cooling sintering；370 DEG C~390 DEG C are warming up to from 260 DEG C~300 DEG C with 2~8 DEG C/min speed, 5~120min is incubated at 370 DEG C~390 DEG C；Cooling treatment after sintering, it is described to be cooled under flowing atmosphere, 150~200 DEG C are cooled to from 360 DEG C~400 DEG C with 3~15 DEG C/min speed, 30~120min is incubated at 150~200 DEG C, then natural cooling.The present invention has been made with beading superfine fibre poly tetrafluoroethylene, forms the hydrophobic surface with multistage coarse structure together；Surface water contact angle >=150 °, porosity is up to more than 80%；And the givey problem of fiber in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film sintering is solved, fibre morphology and surface are intact, and intensity and toughness also improve a lot, and can bear high vacuum pressure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the separation membrane material for separation field, and in particular to a kind of hydrophobic membrane material
Preparation method.
Technical background
Hydrophobicity is the critical nature of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE) material, is that polytetrafluoroethylporous porous membrane is applied to membrane material
The main performance of material.Although polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material has low-surface-energy, the water contact angle of smooth polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plane
Between 98 to 112 °, hydrophobic performance is not good.
Prepared by current polytetrafluoroethylporous porous membrane uses bidirectional extending method more.This method will expect higher porosity
Film when, it is necessary to film carry out vast scale stretching, it is impossible to Surface Structures are controlled, and thickness only more than ten microns with
Under, backing material is needed in use, and backing material often has one in heat resistance or chemical stability or hydrophobic performance in itself
Foregone conclusion limit, thus limit the application of this biaxial stretching film.The shape for being often difficult to control to film is stretched at high proportion simultaneously, therefore
Mainly based on Flat Membrane.Chinese patent CN1775847A, CN102007242A, CN101543734B, CN102151494A etc.
Patent is all based on above stretch processes and carries out polytetrafluoroethylporous porous membrane preparation.
Support methods are the important method for preparing polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, the patent such as CN101994161A and CN102282301A
The preparation of polytetrafluoroethylsuperfine superfine fiber is reported using electrostatic spinning technique.High temperature sintering is directed in these reports
The step of removing into fine carrier, but these sintering processes are concerned only with into the removal of fine template.Specifically：CN101994161A
Purpose be to prepare a kind of polytetrafluoroethylsuperfine superfine fiber, its preparation method is to make carrier using polyvinyl alcohol, passes through Static Spinning
Silk method is weaved out polytetrafluoroethylene fibre precursor, post-processing approach be by polytetrafluoroethylene fibre precursor at 100~120 DEG C
Dry 5~15 minutes, sintered 30~90 minutes at 280~350 DEG C；The purpose of sintering be in order that polyvinyl alcohol decompose and
Remove.And CN102282301A is mainly to provide a kind of improved method of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pad, its purpose is to improve electricity
The technological parameter (spinning fluid viscosity) of spinning obtains the polytetrafluoroethylene fibre pad precursor of uniform diameter, is sintered at 400 DEG C
Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre pad is obtained, the ash content of carrier (fibre-forming polymer) is less than 5%.CN101994161A and CN102282301A
Etc. patent using electrostatic spinning technique to polytetrafluoroethylsuperfine superfine fiber (pad), only account for how obtaining polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ultra-fine
Fiber (pad), it may be said that have to conventional polytetrafluoroethylsuperfine superfine fiber (pad).
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of poly tetrafluoroethylene, by controlling containing gathering into fine carrier
The post processing sintering condition of tetrafluoroethene precursor film, by the method for temperature programmed control precision control sintering condition and cooling condition with
Obtain the superfine fibre reticular membrane that fibre morphology remains intact and has beading structure, the special construction of this nanoscale with
Superfine fibre forms the hydrophobic surface with multistage coarse structure together.Thus with ultra-hydrophobicity.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical measures：
A kind of preparation method of poly tetrafluoroethylene, including sintered into fine carrier system fibre, it is characterised in that：Sintering uses journey
Sequence temperature control zonal cooling is sintered, and under flowing atmosphere, 30~120min is incubated at 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, with 3~10 DEG C/min speed
Rate is warming up to 260 DEG C~300 DEG C from 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, and 30~120min is incubated at 260 DEG C~300 DEG C；With 2~8 DEG C/min's
Speed is warming up to 370 DEG C~390 DEG C from 260 DEG C~300 DEG C, and 5~120min is incubated at 370 DEG C~390 DEG C；Cooling after sintering
Processing, it is described to be cooled under flowing atmosphere, 150~200 DEG C are cooled to from 360 DEG C~400 DEG C with 3~15 DEG C/min speed,
30~120min is incubated at 150~200 DEG C, then natural cooling.
By controlling the post processing sintering condition containing the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film into fine carrier, under stress,
Under carrier protective effect, polytetrafluoroethylgranule granule starts reorientation arrangement, is then decomposed in appropriate opportunity carrier, polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene particle is further orientated rearrangement, forms catenate superfine fibre network structure.Carried out using described programme-control condition
The super-hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylfiber fiber film with special construction can be made in preparation.If not in the programme-control condition of the present invention
Under, sintered 30-90 minutes as CN101994161A is set forth at 280-350 DEG C, then can not obtain with multilevel roughness, water
The super-hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylfiber fiber film that more than 150 ° of contact angle, and film is without flexibility.If not using programme-control (such as in addition
CN102282301A obtains polytetrafluoroethylene fibre pad in sintering at 400 DEG C, and the ash content of carrier (fibre-forming polymer) is less than 5%.)
Original form of fiber can not be then kept, causes fiber to collapse to flat.By controlling the cooling condition after sintering, further
The micro-fractures on fiber are reduced, seamless fiber surface, the intensity and toughness of reinforcing fiber is formed.
Preferably, above-mentioned sintering using temperature programmed control zonal cooling sinter, flowing atmosphere under, with 2~15 DEG C/min from
Room temperature is incubated 50~100min, with 5~8 DEG C/min speed from 100 DEG C to 90 DEG C~120 DEG C at 100 DEG C~120 DEG C
~120 DEG C are warming up to 280 DEG C~300 DEG C, and 60~120min is incubated at 280 DEG C~300 DEG C；With 4~7 DEG C/min speed from
280 DEG C~300 DEG C are warming up to 380 DEG C~390 DEG C, and 30~80min is incubated at 380 DEG C~390 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned poly tetrafluoroethylene, includes preforming step before being sintered after system is fine, it is described it is preforming be by
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is wrapped on branch hold mode, big by winding layer numerical control polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film thickness and average pore size
It is small.The winding of fiber is superimposed with the stress orientation beneficial to sintering process.
Specifically, a kind of preparation method of poly tetrafluoroethylene, comprises the following steps：
(1) preparation of spinning solution；It is the uniform of 0.5%~30% mass concentration that water-soluble polymer, which is dissolved in water to be made into concentration,
Solution, then stirring adds ptfe emulsion, obtains uniform mixed liquor；Exist into fine carrier and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dry weight ratio
1: 1~50；
(2) make fine；Fiber is prepared using the method for spinning or stretching to the spinning solution progress spinning prepared in (1) to be gathered
Tetrafluoroethene precursor film；
(3) it is preforming：It is anticipated that use specification, the winding of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film will be obtained obtained by (2)
On the branch hold mode of respective shapes, the film of the different shapes such as flat, tubular type, hollow fiber form or rolling and specification is formed, is led to
Cross winding layer numerical control film thick；
(4) sinter；The preforming polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film obtained in (3) is put into high temperature furnace even together with branch hold mode
Continuous be passed through under conditions of flowing atmosphere is sintered；Sintering is using temperature programmed control zonal cooling sintering, with 3~10 DEG C/min speed
Rate is incubated 30~120min from room temperature to 120 DEG C~200 DEG C at 120 DEG C~200 DEG C；With 2~8 DEG C/min speed from
120 DEG C~200 DEG C are warming up to 360 DEG C~400 DEG C, and 5~120min is incubated at 360 DEG C~400 DEG C；
(5) cool down：Under flowing atmosphere, 150~200 are cooled to from 360 DEG C~400 DEG C with 3~15 DEG C/min speed
DEG C, 30~120min is incubated at 150~200 DEG C, then natural cooling.
Above-mentioned flowing atmosphere is that air, nitrogen or inert gas are at least one.
Beneficial effect
1. the poly tetrafluoroethylene of unique structure has been made in the present invention, with being formed by beading filament is crisscross
Hole three-dimensional communication structure, is the hydrophobic surface that one of formation has multistage coarse structure, and beading filament refers to polytetrafluoro
Mutually the filament to be formed is cohered in point and/or face between ethene particle；Hole is in labyrinth hole, and maximum diameter of hole is 1.0 μm, minimum aperture
Footpath is 0.01 μm, and average pore size is 0.1 μm~0.5 μm；Filament is nanofiber, and average diameter is 500 ± 50nm.
2. the present invention is fabulous to solve the givey problem of fiber in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film sintering, and obtains
Have between beading superfine fibre reticular membrane, fiber and to be changed into inter-adhesive from unordered stacking, fibre morphology and surface are intact,
Intensity and toughness also improve a lot, and can bear high vacuum pressure (can under 0.8kPa vacuums still stably operable).
3. the polytetrafluoroethylporous porous membrane obtained by the present invention, with special super-hydrophobicity structure, obtained PTFE fiber
Surface forms a large amount of rough surfaces, and surface water contact angle >=150 °, porosity is up to more than 80%.
4th, the polytetrafluoroethylporous porous membrane obtained by the present invention is without support, and thickness is controllable, applied to membrane distillation process, leads to
Measure ＞ 20L/m2H, rejection is more than 99%.
5th, the winding process progress of the invention proposed before sintering is preforming, and shape and thickness to final products film can
It is controlled, there is provided the thickness needed for film and intensity while high porosity (more than 80%) is ensured.In contrast to obtain
High porosity and poly tetrafluoroethylene obtained by the stretch processes stretched at high proportion, the inventive method are without support, shape
Formula is various, and thickness is controllable.
6th, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) super-hydrophobic film preparation method that the present invention is provided, using sintering condition rate-determining steps, makes carrier
Decomposed on appropriate opportunity, and polytetrafluoroethylgranule granule melting orientation is reset, and has obtained having beading superfine fibre reticular membrane, this
The special construction for planting nanoscale forms the hydrophobic surface with multistage coarse structure together with superfine fibre.Thus with super thin
Aqueous energy.
7th, present invention, avoiding the use of lubricant in biaxial tension etc., in the absence of the removing problem of lubricant, technique letter
Single, without extrusion, the Complicated Flow such as press mold pollutes small.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of poly tetrafluoroethylene made from preparation method of the present invention；It can be seen from accompanying drawing
Observe：The poly tetrafluoroethylene of the present invention has by the crisscross hole three-dimensional communication structure formed of beading filament, hole
Gap is in labyrinth hole, and even pore distribution connection, nanofiber form is homogeneous intact.
Embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below by embodiment, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be that the present embodiment can only be used
It is further described in the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the people that is skilled in technique in the field
Member can make some nonessential modifications and adaptations according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that mass fraction is 12% and stirred
Mix uniform, be made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 5cm cylinders
On branch hold mode, wind 5 layers, and be sent in tube furnace lead to nitrogen, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 10 DEG C/min from room temperature to
110 DEG C, 110 DEG C of insulation 90min are warming up to 290 DEG C from 110 DEG C, 290 DEG C are incubated 100min with 7 DEG C/min programming rates, from
290 DEG C are warming up to 380 DEG C, and programming rate is 6 DEG C/min, is incubated 60min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of nitrogen, 180 DEG C are cooled to from 373 DEG C with 8 DEG C/min speed, in 180 DEG C of insulations
80min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the cylindric poly tetrafluoroethylene that thickness is 185 μm, cutting off can
Obtain flat porous membrane.175 ° of the film hydrophobic contact angle, porosity 88%, 0.45 μm of average pore size, tensile strength
585psi, elongation 388%, when being operated for membrane distillation, flux 42L/m2H, rejection 99.7%.
Embodiment 2
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the polyacrylic acid aqueous solution that mass fraction is 9% and stirred
Uniformly, it is made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 5cm cylinder branch
On hold mode, 5 layers are wound, and is sent in tube furnace and leads to nitrogen, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 2 DEG C/min from room temperature to 90
DEG C, 90 DEG C of insulation 120min are warming up to 260 DEG C, 260 DEG C of insulation 120min, from 260 DEG C from 90 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min programming rates
375 DEG C are warming up to, programming rate is 8 DEG C/min, is incubated 115min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of air, 200 DEG C are cooled to from 390 DEG C with 15 DEG C/min speed, in 200 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 30min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the cylindric poly tetrafluoroethylene that thickness is 175um, cutting off can
Obtain flat porous membrane.162 ° of the film hydrophobic contact angle, porosity 82%, 0.45 μm of average pore size, tensile strength
470psi, elongation 320%, when being operated for membrane distillation, flux 26L/m2H, rejection 99.5%.
Embodiment 3
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the sodium alginate aqueous solution that mass fraction is 5% and stirred
Uniformly, it is made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 5cm cylinder branch
On hold mode, 5 layers are wound, and is sent in tube furnace and leads to nitrogen, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 5 DEG C/min from room temperature to 100
DEG C, 100 DEG C of insulation 110min are warming up to 275 DEG C, 275 DEG C of insulation 110min, from 275 from 100 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min programming rates
380 DEG C DEG C are warming up to, programming rate is 3 DEG C/min, is incubated 90min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of air, 190 DEG C are cooled to from 376 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min speed, in 190 DEG C of insulations
40min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the cylindric poly tetrafluoroethylene that thickness is 189um, cutting off can
Obtain flat porous membrane.165 ° of the film hydrophobic contact angle, porosity 82%, 0.25 μm of average pore size, tensile strength
485psi, elongation 335%, when being operated for membrane distillation, flux 30L/m2H, rejection 99.5%.
Embodiment 4
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the aqueous gelatin solution that mass fraction is 7% and stirs equal
It is even, it is made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into the support of diameter 5cm cylinders
On mould, 6 layers are wound, and is sent to blowing air in tube furnace, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 8 DEG C/min from room temperature to 100
DEG C, 100 DEG C of insulation 100min are warming up to 280 DEG C, 280 DEG C of insulation 120min, from 280 from 100 DEG C with 8 DEG C/min programming rates
385 DEG C DEG C are warming up to, programming rate is 4 DEG C/min, is incubated 80min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of argon gas, 150 DEG C are cooled to from 388 DEG C with 15 DEG C/min speed, in 150 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 120min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the cylindric poly tetrafluoroethylene that thickness is 220um, cut off
It can obtain flat porous membrane.165 ° of the film hydrophobic contact angle, porosity 85%, 0.45 μm of average pore size, tensile strength
495psi, elongation 345%, when being operated for membrane distillation, flux 32L/m2H, rejection 99.2%.
Embodiment 5
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that mass fraction is 13% and stirred
Mix uniform, be made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 0.5cm circles
On cylinder branch hold mode, 5 layers are wound, and is sent in Muffle furnace and leads to nitrogen, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 15 DEG C/min from room temperature
To 120 DEG C, 120 DEG C of insulation 30min are warming up to 295 DEG C from 120 DEG C, 295 DEG C are incubated 120min with 3 DEG C/min programming rates, from
295 DEG C are warming up to 390 DEG C, and programming rate is 2 DEG C/min, is incubated 10min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of nitrogen, 160 DEG C are cooled to from 385 DEG C with 12 DEG C/min speed, in 160 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 100min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the tubular membrane that thickness is 178um.The film hydrophobic contact angle
171 °, porosity 85%, 0.5 μm of average pore size, tensile strength 500psi, elongation 340%, for the operation of tubular membrane membrane distillation
When, flux 35L/m2H, rejection 99.6%.
Embodiment 6
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the sodium alginate aqueous solution that mass fraction is 8% and stirred
Uniformly, it is made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 0.5cm cylinders
On branch hold mode, wind 5 layers, and be sent in tube furnace lead to argon gas, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 12 DEG C/min from room temperature to
115 DEG C, 115 DEG C of insulation 50min are warming up to 300 DEG C, 300 DEG C of insulation 60min, from 300 from 115 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min programming rates
390 DEG C DEG C are warming up to, programming rate is 6 DEG C/min, is incubated 30min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of argon gas, 170 DEG C are cooled to from 380 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min speed, in 170 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 90min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the tubular membrane that thickness is 178um.The film hydrophobic contact angle
175 °, porosity 89%, 0.35 μm of average pore size, tensile strength 489psi, elongation 355%, for tubular membrane membrane distillation behaviour
When making, flux 37L/m2H, rejection 99.6%.
Embodiment 7
The ptfe emulsion of solid content 60% is added drop-wise in the aqueous gelatin solution that mass fraction is 4% and stirs equal
It is even, it is made into spinning solution.Then polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is made using electrospinning process.It is wound into diameter 0.1cm cylinder branch
On hold mode, 6 layers are wound, and is sent to blowing air in tube furnace, sintering process temperature programmed control, with 9 DEG C/min from room temperature to 110
DEG C, 110 DEG C of insulation 80min are warming up to 285 DEG C, 285 DEG C of insulation 70min, from 285 DEG C from 110 DEG C with 6 DEG C/min programming rates
380 DEG C are warming up to, programming rate is 5 DEG C/min, is incubated 60min.
Cooling：Under the flowing atmosphere of nitrogen, 185 DEG C are cooled to from 370 DEG C with 9 DEG C/min speed, in 185 DEG C of insulations
70min, then natural cooling.
Extract cylinder branch hold mode after being taken out after cooling out, obtain the hollow-fibre membrane that thickness is 214um.The film hydrophobic contact angle
175 °, porosity 85%, 0.4 μm of average pore size, tensile strength 650psi, elongation 370%, for hollow-fibre membrane membrane distillation
During operation, flux 41L/m2H, rejection 99.9%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of preparation method of poly tetrafluoroethylene, including sintered into fine carrier system fibre, it is characterised in that：Sintering uses journey
Sequence temperature control zonal cooling is sintered, and under flowing atmosphere, 30~120min is incubated at 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, with 3~10 DEG C/min speed
Rate is warming up to 260 DEG C~300 DEG C from 90 DEG C~120 DEG C, and 30~120min is incubated at 260 DEG C~300 DEG C；With 2~8 DEG C/min
Speed be warming up to 370 DEG C~390 DEG C from 260 DEG C~300 DEG C, 370 DEG C~390 DEG C be incubated 5~120min；It is cold after sintering
But handle, it is described to be cooled under flowing atmosphere, it is cooled to 150~200 from 370 DEG C~390 DEG C with 3~15 DEG C/min speed
DEG C, 30~120min is incubated at 150~200 DEG C, then natural cooling.
2. the preparation method of the poly tetrafluoroethylene as described in claim 1, the sintering uses temperature programmed control zonal cooling
Sintering, under flowing atmosphere, with 2~15 DEG C/min from room temperature to 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, 50 are incubated at 100 DEG C~120 DEG C
~100min, 280 DEG C~300 DEG C are warming up to 5~8 DEG C/min speed from 100 DEG C~120 DEG C, in 280 DEG C~300 DEG C guarantors
60~120min of temperature；380 DEG C~390 DEG C are warming up to from 280 DEG C~300 DEG C with 4~7 DEG C/min speed, 380 DEG C~390
DEG C insulation 30~80min.
3. the preparation method of the poly tetrafluoroethylene as described in claim 1, includes preforming step, institute before being sintered after system is fine
It is that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film is wrapped on branch hold mode to state preforming.
4. the preparation method of the poly tetrafluoroethylene as described in claim 1, comprises the following steps：
（1）Preparation of spinning solution：The homogeneous solution that concentration is 0.5%~30% mass concentration is made into by water is dissolved in into fine carrier, then
Stirring adds ptfe emulsion, obtains uniform mixed liquor；Into fine carrier and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) dry weight ratio 1:1~50；
（2）System is fine：Using the method pair of spinning（1）The spinning solution progress spinning of middle preparation prepares fiber and obtained before polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Drive film；
（3）It is preforming：It is anticipated that use specification, will（2）In obtained by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film be wrapped in corresponding shape
On the branch hold mode of shape, the film of flat, tubular type, hollow fiber form or rolling different shape and specification is formed, by winding the number of plies
Control thickness；
（4）Sintering：Will（3）In obtained preforming polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) precursor film be put into high temperature furnace and continuously leading to together with branch hold mode
Become a mandarin to take offence and be sintered under conditions of atmosphere；Sintering using temperature programmed control zonal cooling sintering, with 3~10 DEG C/min speed from
Room temperature is incubated 30~120min to 120 DEG C~200 DEG C at 120 DEG C~200 DEG C；With 2~8 DEG C/min speed from 120 DEG C
~200 DEG C are warming up to 360 DEG C~400 DEG C, and 5~120min is incubated at 360 DEG C~400 DEG C；
（5）Cooling：Under flowing atmosphere, 150~200 DEG C are cooled to from 360 DEG C~400 DEG C with 3~15 DEG C/min speed,
150~200 DEG C are incubated 30~120min, then natural cooling.
5. the preparation method of the poly tetrafluoroethylene as described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, the flowing atmosphere is air, nitrogen
At least one of gas or inert gas.
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