CN105002402A - Rapid hydrogen production agent as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Rapid hydrogen production agent as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105002402A CN105002402A CN201510397238.7A CN201510397238A CN105002402A CN 105002402 A CN105002402 A CN 105002402A CN 201510397238 A CN201510397238 A CN 201510397238A CN 105002402 A CN105002402 A CN 105002402A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid hydrogen production agent as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The rapid hydrogen production agent is characterized by being made from aluminium and low-melting-point metals in a certain ratio, wherein aluminium is a main functional material for the hydrogen production agent, lots of activated points are formed on the surface of aluminium under the actions of the low-melting-point metals, and aluminium reacts with water to generate lots of hydrogen. The rapid hydrogen production agent disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost and high hydrogen production efficiency, and can be widely used in hydrogen energy application occasions such as hydrogen balloons, hydrogen storage and hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fast hydrogen making agent and its preparation method and application, be specifically related to a kind of with low cost, hydrogen production efficiency is high, produces the solid alloy of a large amount of hydrogen with the rapid reaction of water energy.
Background technology
Hydrogen Energy is that a kind of energy density is large, the energy of environmental protection, has application widely in the equipment such as power supply, emergency source of electric power, individual combat power supply of onboard power systems, laptop computer.But due to the characteristic that hydrogen is inflammable and explosive, make it transport and there is certain difficulty, and then hinder its large-scale application.Thus, develop the hydrogen energy source technology namely made namely to have great importance.
At present, conventional instant hydrogen producing technology many employings aluminium method for hydrolysis, but the dense oxidation film on aluminium surface hinders the contact of aluminium and water, makes aluminium and water react faint.In order to the carrying out of facilitation of hydrolysis reaction, usually add the doping metals such as calcium, lithium or bismuth wherein.Calcium, lithium and bismuth all can form alloy, disruptive oxidation aluminium film on aluminium surface, increase the contact area of aluminium and water, and facilitation of hydrolysis reaction is carried out.But calcium and lithium have stronger activity, the composite hydrogen manufacturing agent extremely unstable in atmosphere finally made, is unfavorable for storage.Meanwhile, bismuth, lithium, calcium isoreactivity material cost are high, and the hydrogen production agent cost finally made is higher.
In addition, in existing hydrolytic hydrogen production agent, aluminum particulate is easy to reunite in mechanical milling process, repeats mechanical milling process more loaded down with trivial details, length consuming time, and hydrogen production agent activity is reduced.More seriously, easily there is surface oxidation effect in the aluminium base hydrogen production agent of the high surface made (especially blending high activity metal as metals such as lithium calcium), easily lost efficacy, preservation period is short, poor practicability.In general, find a kind of with low cost, active strong, produce hydrogen rapidly and the hydrogen production agent that amount is large, stability is high is the key difficulties of current instant hydrogen producing technology large-scale application.
For this reason, the present invention proposes a kind of fast hydrogen making agent, and it is with low cost, and hydrogen generation efficiency is high, and nontoxic.Meanwhile, hydrogen production agent adopts vacuum packaging, and hydrogen production agent can be prevented to be oxidized in atmosphere because of long-term exposure or to react with water and lost efficacy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fast hydrogen making agent and its preparation method and application, this hydrogen production agent is with low cost, hydrogen generation efficiency is high, and can react fast with water produces a large amount of hydrogen.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Fast hydrogen making agent, is characterized in that, it is made up of by a certain percentage aluminium and low melting point metal;
In described fast hydrogen making agent, the massfraction of aluminium accounts for 92%;
Described low melting point metal is gallium, indium and tin, and its massfraction in fast hydrogen making agent accounts for gallium 5%, indium 3% respectively.
Described aluminium is the major function material of hydrogen production agent, and it forms a large amount of activation points on its surface under the effect of low melting point metal, reacts produce a large amount of hydrogen with water.
Described fast hydrogen making agent adopts vacuum to encapsulate, and hydrogen production agent can be prevented to be oxidized in atmosphere because of long-term exposure or to react with water and lost efficacy.
The low melting point metal of blending in described hydrogen production agent is the gallium-indium alloy be in a liquid state under normal temperature.It forms alloy on aluminium surface, destroys the oxide film of aluminium, improves aluminium active; Therefore, under the highly active prerequisite of guarantee, this blending mode makes the blending amount of low melting point metal reach minimum, and hydrogen production agent cost reduces.
Described hydrogen production agent can add the highly basic such as appropriate sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide when reacting with water, can promote the carrying out reacted, hydrogen production agent is reacted completely as far as possible.
A preparation method for fast hydrogen making agent, is characterized in that, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) take the aluminium that massfraction is 92%, aluminium is placed in electromagnetism smelting furnace and heats, until aluminium melts completely;
(2) taking massfraction is respectively the gallium of 5%, the indium of 3%;
(3) following two kinds of methods can be divided to be mixed by the metal in the aluminium in (1) and (2): method one: to be added successively by the metal of (2) step in the aluminium in (1) step after fusing, carry out stirring until mix simultaneously; Method two: first the metal in (2) step is heated separately after mixing and be cooled to normal temperature, added in (1) step molten metal aluminium, carrying out stirring until mix simultaneously;
(4) the fast hydrogen making agent that upper step mixes is placed in naturally cooling under normal temperature, Vacuum Package is carried out in cooled fast hydrogen making agent, if desired, encapsulates respectively again after the consumption of needs can be cut into.
During use, first in reaction vessel, add appropriate water; Then take appropriate hydrogen production agent, be placed in reaction vessel.Namely hydrogen production agent reacts rapidly with water, produces a large amount of hydrogen.Now, containing large quantity of moisture and a small amount of air in hydrogen, removal of impurities can be carried out by physics or chemical mode, thus obtain dry pure hydrogen.This kind of hydrogen production agent is applicable to the Hydrogen Energy application scenarios such as hydrogen balloon, hydrogen storage, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) can ensure the high reactivity of hydrogen production agent based on the compound blending mode of low melting point metal and aluminium, the blending amount of low melting point metal can be made again to reach minimum, and hydrogen production agent cost reduces.
(2) aluminium is the major function material of hydrogen production agent, and its content in hydrogen production agent is the highest, and the cost of manufacture of aluminium is relatively low, the cost of manufacture of the hydrogen production agent reduced further, economical and practical.
(3) metallic aluminium, gallium and indium are all at group IIIA, and its physico-chemical property is similar, and according to similar compatibility principle, the affinity of the metallic aluminium in hydrogen production agent, gallium and indium is very good, there will not be between metal and mixes uneven problem.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
Fast hydrogen making agent is made up of aluminium and low melting point metal; Wherein the massfraction of aluminium accounts for 92%, and gallium accounts for 5%, indium 3%.
Its preparation method of the fast hydrogen making agent of the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) take the aluminium that massfraction is 92%, aluminium is placed in electromagnetism smelting furnace and heats, until aluminium melts completely;
(2) taking massfraction is respectively the gallium of 5%, the indium of 3%;
(3) metal of (2) step is added successively in the aluminium in (1) step after fusing, carry out stirring until mix simultaneously;
(4) the fast hydrogen making agent that upper step mixes is placed in naturally cooling under normal temperature, Vacuum Package is carried out in cooled fast hydrogen making agent, if desired, encapsulates respectively again after the consumption of needs can be cut into.
Hydrogen production agent is 19 DEG C in room temperature, and normal atmosphere is test under the envrionment conditions of 101.325KPa.
During use, first take 1g hydrogen production agent, be placed in reaction vessel; Secondly, measure suitable quantity of water and pour into and be placed with in the reaction vessel of hydrogen production agent, namely hydrogen production agent reacts rapidly with water, produces a large amount of hydrogen.Measure the front temperature of reaction, connect gas collector and collect gas, after reaction 10min, the amounts of hydrogen of generation, the pH of reaction product and the final temperature of reaction, as shown in table 1.
Change the add-on of water into 20ml, 30ml successively, test its reaction parameter.The reaction parameter of hydrogen production agent of the present invention and water is as shown in table 2, table 3 and table 4.
Table 1 1g hydrogen production agent reacts with 10ml, 20ml and 30ml water and compares
| The water yield/ml | Initial temperature/DEG C | Reaction times/min | PH value | Final temperature/DEG C | Gas volume/ml |
| 10 | 14.1 | 10 | 8 | 30.5 | 80 |
| 20 | 14.6 | 10 | 8 | 27.6 | 70 |
| 30 | 14.8 | 10 | 8 | 24.3 | 65 |
Table 2 1g hydrogen production agent and 10ml water reaction parameter
| Initial temperature/DEG C | Final temperature/DEG C | PH value | Gas volume/ml |
| 14 | 30.5 | 8 | 80 |
| 25 | 32.5 | 8 | 115 |
| 35 | 72 | 8 | 600 |
| 45 | 78 | 8 | 1000 |
Table 3 1g hydrogen production agent and 20ml water reaction parameter
| Initial temperature/DEG C | Final temperature/DEG C | PH value | Gas volume/ml |
| 14 | 30.5 | 8 | 70 |
| 25 | 38.6 | 8 | 110 |
| 35 | 78 | 8 | 540 |
| 45 | 86 | 8 | 950 |
Table 4 1g hydrogen production agent and 30ml water reaction parameter
| Initial temperature/DEG C | Final temperature/DEG C | PH value | Gas volume/ml |
| 14 | 24.3 | 7 | 70 |
| 25 | 33 | 7 | 105 |
| 35 | 45 | 8 | 350 |
| 45 | 64 | 8 | 640 |
Can be reached a conclusion by above analysis of experimental data, 1g hydrogen production agent can highly effective reaction rapidly when water temperature is 35-45 DEG C, and when speed of reaction step-down in reaction process or temperature of reaction are lower than 20 DEG C, the sodium hydroxide that can add 0.5-1g promotes the carrying out of reaction.
Finally illustrate, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted.Although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, do not depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. fast hydrogen making agent, is characterized in that, it is made up of by a certain percentage aluminium and low melting point metal;
In described fast hydrogen making agent, the massfraction of aluminium accounts for 92%;
Described low melting point metal is gallium and indium, and its massfraction in fast hydrogen making agent accounts for gallium 5%, indium 3% respectively.
2. by fast hydrogen making agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described aluminium is the major function material of hydrogen production agent, and it forms a large amount of activation points on its surface under the effect of low melting point metal, reacts produce a large amount of hydrogen with water.
3. by fast hydrogen making agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fast hydrogen making agent adopts vacuum to encapsulate, and hydrogen production agent can be prevented to be oxidized in atmosphere because of long-term exposure or to react with water and lost efficacy.
4. the preparation method of fast hydrogen making agent, is characterized in that, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) take the aluminium that massfraction is 92%, aluminium is placed in electromagnetism smelting furnace and heats, until aluminium melts completely;
(2) taking massfraction is respectively the gallium of 5%, the indium of 3%;
(3) following two kinds of methods can be divided to be mixed by the metal in the aluminium in (1) and (2): method one: to be added successively by the metal of (2) step in the aluminium in (1) step after fusing, carry out stirring until mix simultaneously; Method two: first the metal in (2) step is heated separately after mixing and be cooled to normal temperature, added in (1) step molten metal aluminium, carrying out stirring until mix simultaneously;
(4) the fast hydrogen making agent that upper step mixes is placed in naturally cooling under normal temperature, Vacuum Package is carried out in cooled fast hydrogen making agent, if desired, encapsulates respectively again after the consumption of needs can be cut into.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101358309A (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2009-02-04 | 郑州大学 | Al alloy material for preparing hydrogen with water at room temperature and method of use thereof |
| CN102560198A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Active aluminum-rich alloy for preparing high purity hydrogen through hydrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN102851549A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 湖北工业大学 | Aluminum metal (alloy) material used for hydrogen production through hydrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104451214A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of hydrogen production aluminum alloy |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101358309A (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2009-02-04 | 郑州大学 | Al alloy material for preparing hydrogen with water at room temperature and method of use thereof |
| CN102560198A (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Active aluminum-rich alloy for preparing high purity hydrogen through hydrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN102851549A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2013-01-02 | 湖北工业大学 | Aluminum metal (alloy) material used for hydrogen production through hydrolysis and preparation method thereof |
| CN104451214A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of hydrogen production aluminum alloy |
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